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  • 1
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    Chemistry of rocks and soils at Meridiani Planum from the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-04
    Description: The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer on the Opportunity rover determined major and minor elements of soils and rocks in Meridiani Planum. Chemical compositions differentiate between basaltic rocks, evaporite-rich rocks, basaltic soils, and hematite-rich soils. Although soils are compositionally similar to those at previous landing sites, differences in iron and some minor element concentrations signify the addition of local components. Rocky outcrops are rich in sulfur and variably enriched in bromine relative to chlorine. The interaction with water in the past is indicated by the chemical features in rocks and soils at this site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rieder, R -- Gellert, R -- Anderson, R C -- Bruckner, J -- Clark, B C -- Dreibus, G -- Economou, T -- Klingelhofer, G -- Lugmair, G W -- Ming, D W -- Squyres, S W -- d'Uston, C -- Wanke, H -- Yen, A -- Zipfel, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 3;306(5702):1746-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institut fur Chemie, J. J. Becher-Weg 27, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. rieder@mpch-mainz.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15576611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpha Particles ; Bromine ; Chlorine ; Elements ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ferric Compounds ; Geologic Sediments ; Iron ; Magnesium ; *Mars ; Minerals ; Silicates ; Spacecraft ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Sulfates ; Sulfur ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Chemistry of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater from the alpha particle x-ray spectrometer (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-08-07
    Description: The alpha particle x-ray spectrometer on the Spirit rover determined major and minor elements of soils and rocks in Gusev crater in order to unravel the crustal evolution of planet Mars. The composition of soils is similar to those at previous landing sites, as a result of global mixing and distribution by dust storms. Rocks (fresh surfaces exposed by the rock abrasion tool) resemble volcanic rocks of primitive basaltic composition with low intrinsic potassium contents. High abundance of bromine (up to 170 parts per million) in rocks may indicate the alteration of surfaces formed during a past period of aqueous activity in Gusev crater.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gellert, R -- Rieder, R -- Anderson, R C -- Bruckner, J -- Clark, B C -- Dreibus, G -- Economou, T -- Klingelhofer, G -- Lugmair, G W -- Ming, D W -- Squyres, S W -- D'Uston, C -- Wanke, H -- Yen, A -- Zipfel, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Aug 6;305(5685):829-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institut fur Chemie, J. J. Becher-Weg 27, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. gellert@mpch-mainz.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpha Particles ; Bromine ; *Elements ; Evolution, Planetary ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geologic Sediments ; *Mars ; Potassium ; Spectrum Analysis ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Global distribution of neutrons from Mars: results from Mars odyssey (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: Global distributions of thermal, epithermal, and fast neutron fluxes have been mapped during late southern summer/northern winter using the Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer. These fluxes are selectively sensitive to the vertical and lateral spatial distributions of H and CO2 in the uppermost meter of the martian surface. Poleward of +/-60 degrees latitude is terrain rich in hydrogen, probably H2O ice buried beneath tens of centimeter-thick hydrogen-poor soil. The central portion of the north polar cap is covered by a thick CO2 layer, as is the residual south polar cap. Portions of the low to middle latitudes indicate subsurface deposits of chemically and/or physically bound H2O and/or OH.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feldman, W C -- Boynton, W V -- Tokar, R L -- Prettyman, T H -- Gasnault, O -- Squyres, S W -- Elphic, R C -- Lawrence, D J -- Lawson, S L -- Maurice, S -- McKinney, G W -- Moore, K R -- Reedy, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):75-8. Epub 2002 May 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. wfeldman@lanl.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dry Ice ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Gamma Rays ; *Hydrogen ; Ice ; *Mars ; *Neutrons ; Spacecraft ; Spectrometry, Gamma ; Spectrum Analysis ; Temperature ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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