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  • 1
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    Meiotic arrest in the mouse follicle maintained by a Gs protein in the oocyte (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-24
    Description: The mammalian ovarian follicle consists of a multilayered complex of somatic cells that surround the oocyte. A signal from the follicle cells keeps the oocyte cell cycle arrested at prophase of meiosis I until luteinizing hormone from the pituitary acts on the follicle cells to release the arrest, causing meiosis to continue. Here we show that meiotic arrest can be released in mice by microinjecting the oocyte within the follicle with an antibody that inhibits the stimulatory heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein Gs. This indicates that Gs activity in the oocyte is required to maintain meiotic arrest within the ovarian follicle and suggests that the follicle may keep the cell cycle arrested by activating Gs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mehlmann, Lisa M -- Jones, Teresa L Z -- Jaffe, Laurinda A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1343-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA. lmehlman@neuron.uchc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193786" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Female ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/immunology/physiology ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/antagonists & ; inhibitors/immunology/*physiology ; Hypoxanthine/pharmacology ; *Meiosis ; Mice ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Ovarian Follicle/*physiology ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Steroid binding at sigma receptors suggests a link between endocrine, nervous, and immune systems (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-08
    Description: Specific sigma binding sites have been identified in the mammalian brain and lymphoid tissue. In this study, certain gonadal and adrenal steroids, particularly progesterone, were found to inhibit sigma receptor binding in homogenates of brain and spleen. The findings suggest that steroids are naturally occurring ligands for sigma receptors and raise the possibility that these sites mediate some aspects of steroid-induced mental disturbances and alterations in immune functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Su, T P -- London, E D -- Jaffe, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 8;240(4849):219-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2832949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Endocrine Glands/*physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Haloperidol/metabolism ; *Immunity ; Male ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Phenazocine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism ; Receptors, sigma ; Spleen/metabolism ; Steroids/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Cell biology. Smurfing at the leading edge (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-12-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaffe, Aron B -- Hall, Alan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Dec 5;302(5651):1690-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Cell Biology Unit, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. a.jaffe@ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14657480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; *Cell Movement ; *Cell Polarity ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/metabolism ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Pseudopodia/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*metabolism ; cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism ; rac GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    The Gs-linked receptor GPR3 maintains meiotic arrest in mammalian oocytes (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-14
    Description: Mammalian oocytes are held in prophase arrest by an unknown signal from the surrounding somatic cells. Here we show that the orphan Gs-linked receptor GPR3, which is localized in the oocyte, maintains this arrest. Oocytes from Gpr3 knockout mice resume meiosis within antral follicles, independently of an increase in luteinizing hormone, and this phenotype can be reversed by injection of Gpr3 RNA into the oocytes. Thus, the GPR3 receptor is a link in communication between the somatic cells and oocyte of the ovarian follicle and is crucial for the regulation of meiosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mehlmann, Lisa M -- Saeki, Yoshinaga -- Tanaka, Shigeru -- Brennan, Thomas J -- Evsikov, Alexei V -- Pendola, Frank L -- Knowles, Barbara B -- Eppig, John J -- Jaffe, Laurinda A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1947-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center (UCHC), Farmington, CT 06032, USA. lmehlmann@neuron.uchc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15591206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/genetics/metabolism ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Female ; Granulosa Cells/physiology ; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; In Situ Hybridization ; Lectins, C-Type ; Ligands ; Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism ; *Meiosis ; Metaphase ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitosis ; Oocytes/*physiology ; Ovarian Follicle/*physiology ; RNA/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/*physiology ; Versicans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Strong electrical currents leave the primitive streak of chick embryos (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The electrical fields above chick embryos were explored with a vibrating probe. These fields indicate that steady currents with exit densities of the order of 100 microamperes per square centimeter leave the whole streak and return elsewhere through the epiblast. The epicenter of these strong exit currents lies near Hensen's node. They are probably pumped into the intraembryonic space by the epiblast and then leak out of the streak because it is a zone of junctional disruption.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaffe, L F -- Stern, C D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/573921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chick Embryo/*physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electricity ; Female ; Germ Layers/physiology ; Vitelline Membrane/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Fertilization events induced by neurotransmitters after injection of mRNA in Xenopus eggs (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-22
    Description: Fertilization initiates in the egg a dramatic increase in intracellular calcium that opens ion channels and causes exocytosis. To explore the possibility that these events might involve a receptor-mediated pathway, receptors for serotonin or acetylcholine (M1 muscarinic) were expressed in the Xenopus egg; serotonin or acetylcholine then could initiate a series of responses similar to those normally initiated by sperm. Thus, there may be an endogenous receptor in the egg membrane that is activated by sperm, and the serotonin or M1 muscarinic receptor may replace the sperm receptor in this pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kline, D -- Simoncini, L -- Mandel, G -- Maue, R A -- Kado, R T -- Jaffe, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 22;241(4864):464-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3134693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytoplasmic Granules/physiology ; Endocytosis ; Exocytosis ; Female ; *Fertilization ; GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Genetic Engineering ; Inositol Phosphates/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*physiology ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    An interstellar precursor mission (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A mission out of the planetary system, with launch about the year 2000, could provide valuable scientific data as well as test some of the technology for a later mission to another star. Primary scientific objectives for the precursor mission concern characteristics of the heliopause, the interstellar medium, stellar distances (by parallax measurements), low energy cosmic rays, interplanetary gas distribution, and mass of the solar system. Secondary objectives include investigation of Pluto. Candidate science instruments are suggested. Individual spacecraft systems for the mission were considered, technology requirements and problem areas noted, and a number of recommendations made for technology study and advanced development. The most critical technology needs include attainment of 50-yr spacecraft lifetime and development of a long-life NEP system.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-156152 , JPL-PUB-77-70
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Imaging on ballistic missions to comet Encke (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Imaging for navigation and science has been studied for a 1980 Encke flyby at 0.4 to 0.8 AU from the sun with spinning and three-axis spacecraft. Trajectory errors, maneuvers, encounter geometry, imaging performance, and data transmission were considered. Onboard comet sightings are needed for navigation. Recommended for a three-axis spacecraft are two vidicon cameras and a nucleus sensor for closed-loop pointing control. The cameras are essentially the Mariner 9 and Mariner 10 instruments; the nucleus sensor is an updated version of a sensor flown on Mariners 6 and 7. For a spinning spacecraft, a framing camera using a charge-coupled device and a spin-scan photometer are proposed. The framing camera would be a new design; it would not be despun, but the spin axis should point along the comet-centered velocity vector. The photometer is essentially that flown on Pioneer 10 and 11.-
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-87 , American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 20, 1975 - Jan 22, 1975; Pasadena, CA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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