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  • Animals  (10)
  • Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
  • Polymer and Materials Science
  • 2005-2009  (13)
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  • 1
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    An Interoperable, Agricultural Information System Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Data (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Monitoring global agricultural crop conditions during the growing season and estimating potential seasonal production are critically important for market development of US. agricultural products and for global food security. The Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center Distributed Active Archive Center (GES DISC DAAC) is developing an Agricultural Information System (AIS), evolved from an existing TRMM Online Visualization and Analysis System (TOVAS), which will operationally provide satellite remote sensing data products (e.g., rainfall) and services. The data products will include crop condition and yield prediction maps, generated from a crop growth model with satellite data inputs, in collaboration with the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The AIS will enable the remote, interoperable access to distributed data, by using the GrADS-DODS Server (GDS) and by being compliant with Open GIS Consortium standards. Users will be able to download individual files, perform interactive online analysis, as well as receive operational data flows. AIS outputs will be integrated into existing operational decision support systems for global crop monitoring, such as those of the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service and the U.N. World Food Program.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: ASPRS 2005 Annual Convention; Mar 07, 2005 - Mar 11, 2005; Baltimore, MD; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Live birth in the Devonian period (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-30
    Description: The extinct placoderm fishes were the dominant group of vertebrates throughout the Middle Palaeozoic era, yet controversy about their relationships within the gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates) is partly due to different interpretations of their reproductive biology. Here we document the oldest record of a live-bearing vertebrate in a new ptyctodontid placoderm, Materpiscis attenboroughi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation of Australia (approximately 380 million years ago). The new specimen, remarkably preserved in three dimensions, contains a single, intra-uterine embryo connected by a permineralized umbilical cord. An amorphous crystalline mass near the umbilical cord possibly represents the recrystallized yolk sac. Another ptyctodont from the Gogo Formation, Austroptyctodus gardineri, also shows three small embryos inside it in the same position. Ptyctodontids have already provided the oldest definite evidence for vertebrate copulation, and the new specimens confirm that some placoderms had a remarkably advanced reproductive biology, comparable to that of some modern sharks and rays. The new discovery points to internal fertilization and viviparity in vertebrates as originating earliest within placoderms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, John A -- Trinajstic, Kate -- Young, Gavin C -- Senden, Tim -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):650-2. doi: 10.1038/nature06966.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Museum Victoria, Melbourne, PO Box 666, Melbourne 3001, Australia. jlong@museum.vic.gov.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Australia ; Biological Evolution ; Female ; Fishes/classification/*embryology/*physiology ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Viviparity, Nonmammalian/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Using temperature to analyse temporal dynamics in the songbird motor pathway (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-14
    Description: Many complex behaviours, like speech or music, have a hierarchical organization with structure on many timescales, but it is not known how the brain controls the timing of behavioural sequences, or whether different circuits control different timescales of the behaviour. Here we address these issues by using temperature to manipulate the biophysical dynamics in different regions of the songbird forebrain involved in song production. We find that cooling the premotor nucleus HVC (formerly known as the high vocal centre) slows song speed across all timescales by up to 45 per cent but only slightly alters the acoustic structure, whereas cooling the downstream motor nucleus RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium) has no observable effect on song timing. Our observations suggest that dynamics within HVC are involved in the control of song timing, perhaps through a chain-like organization. Local manipulation of brain temperature should be broadly applicable to the identification of neural circuitry that controls the timing of behavioural sequences and, more generally, to the study of the origin and role of oscillatory and other forms of brain dynamics in neural systems.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2723166/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2723166/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, Michael A -- Fee, Michale S -- DC009280/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- K99 DC009280/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- K99 DC009280-02/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- MH067105/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH067105/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH067105-04/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 13;456(7219):189-94. doi: 10.1038/nature07448.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19005546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cold Temperature ; Efferent Pathways/physiology ; Finches/*physiology ; High Vocal Center/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Prosencephalon/*physiology/radiography ; Time Factors ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Pelvic claspers confirm chondrichthyan-like internal fertilization in arthrodires (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-15
    Description: Recent finds demonstrate that internal fertilization and viviparity (live birth) were more widespread in the Placodermi, an extinct group of armoured fishes, than was previously realized. Placoderms represent the sister group of the crown group jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomata), making their mode(s) of reproduction potentially informative about primitive gnathostome conditions. An ossified pelvic fin basipterygium discovered in the arthrodire Incisoscutum ritchiei was hypothesized to be identical in males and females, with males presumed to have an additional cartilaginous element or series forming a clasper. Here we report the discovery of a completely ossified pelvic clasper in Incisoscutum ritchiei (WAM 03.3.28) which shows that this interpretation was incorrect: the basipterygium described previously is in fact unique to females. The male clasper is a slender rod attached to a square basal plate that articulates directly with the pelvis. It carries a small cap of dermal bone covered in denticles and small hooks that may be homologous with the much larger dermal component of the ptyctodont clasper.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahlberg, Per -- Trinajstic, Kate -- Johanson, Zerina -- Long, John -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 13;460(7257):888-9. doi: 10.1038/nature08176. Epub 2009 Jul 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Subdepartment of Evolutionary Organismal Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19597477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Structures/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Animals ; Female ; Fertilization/*physiology ; Fishes/*anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Male ; Pelvis/anatomy & histology ; Viviparity, Nonmammalian/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-27
    Description: Evidence of reproductive biology is extremely rare in the fossil record. Recently the first known embryos were discovered within the Placodermi, an extinct class of armoured fish, indicating a viviparous mode of reproduction in a vertebrate group outside the crown-group Gnathostomata (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes). These embryos were found in ptyctodontids, a small group of placoderms phylogenetically basal to the largest group, the Arthrodira. Here we report the discovery of embryos in the Arthrodira inside specimens of Incisoscutum ritchiei from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia (approximately 380 million years ago), providing the first evidence, to our knowledge, for reproduction using internal fertilization in this diverse group. We show that Incisoscutum and some phyllolepid arthrodires possessed pelvic girdles with long basipterygia that articulated distally with an additional cartilaginous element or series, as in chondrichthyans, indicating that the pelvic fin was used in copulation. As homology between similar pelvic girdle skeletal structures in ptyctodontids, arthrodires and chondrichthyans is difficult to reconcile in the light of current phylogenies of lower gnathostomes, we explain these similarities as being most likely due to convergence (homoplasy). These new finds confirm that reproduction by internal fertilization and viviparity was much more widespread in the earliest gnathostomes than had been previously appreciated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, John A -- Trinajstic, Kate -- Johanson, Zerina -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1124-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07732.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Museum Victoria, PO Box 666, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia. jlong@museum.vic.gov.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19242474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Fertilization/*physiology ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/classification/*embryology/*physiology ; *Fossils ; Pelvis/anatomy & histology ; Phylogeny ; Sharks/anatomy & histology/classification/embryology ; Viviparity, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Western Australia
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It is a model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well as the structure, assembly, and function of eukaryotic flagella (cilia), which were inherited from the common ancestor of plants and animals, but lost in land plants. We sequenced the approximately 120-megabase nuclear genome of Chlamydomonas and performed comparative phylogenomic analyses, identifying genes encoding uncharacterized proteins that are likely associated with the function and biogenesis of chloroplasts or eukaryotic flagella. Analyses of the Chlamydomonas genome advance our understanding of the ancestral eukaryotic cell, reveal previously unknown genes associated with photosynthetic and flagellar functions, and establish links between ciliopathy and the composition and function of flagella.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875087/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875087/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merchant, Sabeeha S -- Prochnik, Simon E -- Vallon, Olivier -- Harris, Elizabeth H -- Karpowicz, Steven J -- Witman, George B -- Terry, Astrid -- Salamov, Asaf -- Fritz-Laylin, Lillian K -- Marechal-Drouard, Laurence -- Marshall, Wallace F -- Qu, Liang-Hu -- Nelson, David R -- Sanderfoot, Anton A -- Spalding, Martin H -- Kapitonov, Vladimir V -- Ren, Qinghu -- Ferris, Patrick -- Lindquist, Erika -- Shapiro, Harris -- Lucas, Susan M -- Grimwood, Jane -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Cardol, Pierre -- Cerutti, Heriberto -- Chanfreau, Guillaume -- Chen, Chun-Long -- Cognat, Valerie -- Croft, Martin T -- Dent, Rachel -- Dutcher, Susan -- Fernandez, Emilio -- Fukuzawa, Hideya -- Gonzalez-Ballester, David -- Gonzalez-Halphen, Diego -- Hallmann, Armin -- Hanikenne, Marc -- Hippler, Michael -- Inwood, William -- Jabbari, Kamel -- Kalanon, Ming -- Kuras, Richard -- Lefebvre, Paul A -- Lemaire, Stephane D -- Lobanov, Alexey V -- Lohr, Martin -- Manuell, Andrea -- Meier, Iris -- Mets, Laurens -- Mittag, Maria -- Mittelmeier, Telsa -- Moroney, James V -- Moseley, Jeffrey -- Napoli, Carolyn -- Nedelcu, Aurora M -- Niyogi, Krishna -- Novoselov, Sergey V -- Paulsen, Ian T -- Pazour, Greg -- Purton, Saul -- Ral, Jean-Philippe -- Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio -- Riekhof, Wayne -- Rymarquis, Linda -- Schroda, Michael -- Stern, David -- Umen, James -- Willows, Robert -- Wilson, Nedra -- Zimmer, Sara Lana -- Allmer, Jens -- Balk, Janneke -- Bisova, Katerina -- Chen, Chong-Jian -- Elias, Marek -- Gendler, Karla -- Hauser, Charles -- Lamb, Mary Rose -- Ledford, Heidi -- Long, Joanne C -- Minagawa, Jun -- Page, M Dudley -- Pan, Junmin -- Pootakham, Wirulda -- Roje, Sanja -- Rose, Annkatrin -- Stahlberg, Eric -- Terauchi, Aimee M -- Yang, Pinfen -- Ball, Steven -- Bowler, Chris -- Dieckmann, Carol L -- Gladyshev, Vadim N -- Green, Pamela -- Jorgensen, Richard -- Mayfield, Stephen -- Mueller-Roeber, Bernd -- Rajamani, Sathish -- Sayre, Richard T -- Brokstein, Peter -- Dubchak, Inna -- Goodstein, David -- Hornick, Leila -- Huang, Y Wayne -- Jhaveri, Jinal -- Luo, Yigong -- Martinez, Diego -- Ngau, Wing Chi Abby -- Otillar, Bobby -- Poliakov, Alexander -- Porter, Aaron -- Szajkowski, Lukasz -- Werner, Gregory -- Zhou, Kemin -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- Grossman, Arthur R -- GM07185/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM42143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM032843/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM042143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM042143-09/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM060992/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062915-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM030626/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM042143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):245-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algal Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/*genetics/physiology ; Chloroplasts/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Algal/genetics ; Flagella/metabolism ; Genes ; *Genome ; Genomics ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Photosynthesis/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plants/genetics ; Proteome ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-12
    Description: Most protein phosphatases have little intrinsic substrate specificity, making selective pharmacological inhibition of specific dephosphorylation reactions a challenging problem. In a screen for small molecules that protect cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we identified salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha). Salubrinal also blocks eIF2alpha dephosphorylation mediated by a herpes simplex virus protein and inhibits viral replication. These results suggest that selective chemical inhibitors of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation may be useful in diseases involving ER stress or viral infection. More broadly, salubrinal demonstrates the feasibility of selective pharmacological targeting of cellular dephosphorylation events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boyce, Michael -- Bryant, Kevin F -- Jousse, Celine -- Long, Kai -- Harding, Heather P -- Scheuner, Donalyn -- Kaufman, Randal J -- Ma, Dawei -- Coen, Donald M -- Ron, David -- Yuan, Junying -- AI19838/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI26077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DDK42394/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK47119/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- ES08681/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM64703/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS35138/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37-AG012859/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):935-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation ; Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cinnamates/*pharmacology/toxicity ; *Cytoprotection ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/*metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects/physiology ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Oxazoles/pharmacology/toxicity ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 1 ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Thiourea/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Crystal structure of a mammalian voltage-dependent Shaker family K+ channel (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-09
    Description: Voltage-dependent potassium ion (K+) channels (Kv channels) conduct K+ ions across the cell membrane in response to changes in the membrane voltage, thereby regulating neuronal excitability by modulating the shape and frequency of action potentials. Here we report the crystal structure, at a resolution of 2.9 angstroms, of a mammalian Kv channel, Kv1.2, which is a member of the Shaker K+ channel family. This structure is in complex with an oxido-reductase beta subunit of the kind that can regulate mammalian Kv channels in their native cell environment. The activation gate of the pore is open. Large side portals communicate between the pore and the cytoplasm. Electrostatic properties of the side portals and positions of the T1 domain and beta subunit are consistent with electrophysiological studies of inactivation gating and with the possibility of K+ channel regulation by the beta subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, Stephen B -- Campbell, Ernest B -- Mackinnon, Roderick -- GM43949/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR00862/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 5;309(5736):897-903. Epub 2005 Jul 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catalytic Domain ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Electrochemistry ; Kv1.2 Potassium Channel ; Models, Molecular ; Pichia ; Potassium/chemistry ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/*chemistry ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Comment on "PDK1 nucleates T cell receptor-induced signaling complex for NF-kappaB activation" (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-08
    Description: We observe that protein kinase C (PKC) is phosphorylated on the activation loop at threonine 538 (Thr-538) before T cell activation. Our results are inconsistent with the conclusions of Lee et al. (Reports, 1 April 2005, p. 114) that the Thr-538 phosphorylation of PKC is regulated by T cell receptor activation. Other mechanisms, such as autophosphorylation of Thr-219, might orchestrate the cellular function of PKC in T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, Thomas -- Freeley, Michael -- Thuille, Nikolaus -- Heit, Isabelle -- Shaw, Stephen -- Long, Aideen -- Baier, Gottfried -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 7;312(5770):55; author reply 55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department for Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Antigens, CD28/immunology ; Antigens, CD3/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/*metabolism ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology/immunology/*metabolism ; Threonine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    The phosphothreonine lyase activity of a bacterial type III effector family (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: Pathogenic bacteria use the type III secretion system to deliver effector proteins into host cells to modulate the host signaling pathways. In this study, the Shigella type III effector OspF was shown to inactivate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) [extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38]. OspF irreversibly removed phosphate groups from the phosphothreonine but not from the phosphotyrosine residue in the activation loop of MAPKs. Mass spectrometry revealed a mass loss of 98 daltons in p-Erk2, due to the abstraction of the alpha proton concomitant with cleavage of the C-OP bond in the phosphothreonine residue. This unexpected enzymatic activity, termed phosphothreonine lyase, appeared specific for MAPKs and was shared by other OspF family members.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Hongtao -- Xu, Hao -- Zhou, Yan -- Zhang, Jie -- Long, Chengzu -- Li, Shuqin -- Chen, She -- Zhou, Jian-Min -- Shao, Feng -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):1000-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Salmonella typhimurium ; Shigella flexneri/*metabolism/physiology ; Tyrosine/metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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