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  • 1
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    Pre-Launch Testing of GPS Receivers for Geodetic Space Missions (2000)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The methodology used and the results obtained in the pre-flight testing of the Blackjack Global Positioning System (GPS) space receiver for the Vegetation Canopy Lidar Mission (VCL) and the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) spacecraft is described. Both real and simulated signals were used to: (1) assess the accuracy and coverage of the navigation solutions, (2) assess the accuracy and stability of the 1-PPS timing signal, (3) assess the precision of the carrier phase observable, and (4) measure the cold-start time to first fix. In addition, an anechoic chamber was used to measure the antenna phase centers with millimeter-level precision. While the test results have generally been excellent and are discussed in this paper, emphasis is placed on describing the test methodology. It is anticipated that future geodetic satellite missions using GPS for navigation, timing, and precise orbit determination (POD) can employ the same tests for pre-launch performance assessment of their particular receiver.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: Global Positioning Systems; Jan 01, 2000; Salt Lake City, NV; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Reference Material Kydex(registered trademark)-100 Test Data Message for Flammability Testing (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-12
    Description: The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Materials and Processes Technical Information System (MAPTIS) database contains, as an engineering resource, a large amount of material test data carefully obtained and recorded over a number of years. Flammability test data obtained using Test 1 of NASA-STD-6001 is a significant component of this database. NASA-STD-6001 recommends that Kydex 100 be used as a reference material for testing certification and for comparison between test facilities in the round-robin certification testing that occurs every 2 years. As a result of these regular activities, a large volume of test data is recorded within the MAPTIS database. The activity described in this technical report was undertaken to mine the database, recover flammability (Test 1) Kydex 100 data, and review the lessons learned from analysis of these data.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: 5th Conference on Aerospace Materials, Processes, and Environmental Technology; NASA/CP-2003-212931
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Potential of Organic Matrix Composites for Liquid Oxygen Tank (2005)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Composite materials are being considered for the tankage of cryogenic propellants in access to space because of potentially lower structural weights. A major hurdle for composites is an inherent concern about the safety of using flammable structural materials in contact with liquid and gaseous oxygen. A hazards analysis approach addresses a series of specific concerns that must be addressed based upon test data. Under the 2nd Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle contracts, testing was begun for a variety of organic matrix composite materials both to aid in the selection of materials and to provide needed test data to support hazards analyses. The work has continued at NASA MSFC and the NASA WSTF to provide information on the potential for using composite materials in oxygen systems. Appropriate methods for oxygen compatibility testing of structural materials and data for a range of composite materials from impact, friction, flammability and electrostatic discharge testing are presented. Remaining concerns and conclusions about composite tank structures, and recommendations for additional testing are discussed. Requirements for system specific hazards analysis are identified.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: 2005 National Space and Missile Materials Symposium; Jun 27, 2005 - Jul 01, 2005; Summerlin, NV; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    The Influence of Interfacial Roughness on Fiber Sliding in Oxide Composites with La-Monazite Interphases (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: Room temperature debonding and sliding of La-Monazite coated fibers is assessed using a composite with a polycrystalline alumina matrix and fibers of several different single crystal (mullite, sapphire) and directionally solidified eutectic (Al2O3/Y3Al5O12 and Al2O3/Y-ZrO2) compositions. These fibers provide a range of residual stresses and interfacial roughnesses. Sliding occurred over a debond crack at the fiber-coating interface when the sliding displacement and surface roughness were relatively small. At large sliding displacements with relatively rough interfaces, the monazite coatings were deformed extensively by fracture, dislocations and occasional twinning, whereas the fibers were undamaged. Dense, fine-grained (10 nm) microstructures suggestive of dynamic recrystallization were also observed in the coatings. Frictional heating during sliding is assessed. The possibility of low temperature recrystallization is discussed in the light of the known resistance of monazite to radiation damage. The ability of La-Monazite to undergo plastic deformation relatively easily at low temperatures may be enabling for its use as a composite interface.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Attachment of Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) on Platinum Surfaces by Self-Assembling Techniques (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are very interesting materials because of their morphology, electronic and mechanical properties. Its morphology (high length-to-diameter ratio) and electronic properties suggest potential application of SWNTs as anode material for lithium ion secondary batteries. The introduction of SWNTs on these types of sources systems will improve their performance, efficiency, and capacity to store energy. A purification method has been applied for the removal of iron and amorphous carbon from the nanotubes. Unpurified and purified SWNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In order to attach carbon nanotubes on platinum electrode surfaces, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) was deposited over the electrodes. The amino-terminated SAM obtained was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Carbon nanotubes were deposited over the amino-terminated SAM by an amide bond formed between SAM amino groups and carboxylic acid groups at the open ends of the carbon nanotubes.This deposition was characterized using Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM).
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: Materials Research Society 2003 Fall Meeting; Dec 01, 2003 - Dec 05, 2003; Boston, MA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    NASA Composite Materials Development: Lessons Learned and Future Challenges (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Composite materials have emerged as the materials of choice for increasing the performance and reducing the weight and cost of military, general aviation, and transport aircraft and space launch vehicles. Major advancements have been made in the ability to design, fabricate, and analyze large complex aerospace structures. The recent efforts by Boeing and Airbus to incorporate composite into primary load carrying structures of large commercial transports and to certify the airworthiness of these structures is evidence of the significant advancements made in understanding and use of these materials in real world aircraft. NASA has been engaged in research on composites since the late 1960 s and has worked to address many development issues with these materials in an effort to ensure safety, improve performance, and improve affordability of air travel for the public good. This research has ranged from synthesis of advanced resin chemistries to development of mathematical analyses tools to reliably predict the response of built-up structures under combined load conditions. The lessons learned from this research are highlighted with specific examples to illustrate the problems encountered and solutions to these problems. Examples include specific technologies related to environmental effects, processing science, fabrication technologies, nondestructive inspection, damage tolerance, micromechanics, structural mechanics, and residual life prediction. The current state of the technology is reviewed and key issues requiring additional research identified. Also, grand challenges to be solved for expanded use of composites in aero structures are identified.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: LF99-9370 , NATO RTO AVT-164 Workshop on Support of Composite Systems; Oct 19, 2009 - Oct 22, 2009; Bonn; Germany
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  • 7
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    Measurement and Prediction of the Thermomechanical Response of Shape Memory Alloy Hybrid Composite Beams (2008)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An experimental and numerical investigation into the static and dynamic responses of shape memory alloy hybrid composite (SMAHC) beams is performed to provide quantitative validation of a recently commercialized numerical analysis/design tool for SMAHC structures. The SMAHC beam specimens consist of a composite matrix with embedded pre-strained SMA actuators, which act against the mechanical boundaries of the structure when thermally activated to adaptively stiffen the structure. Numerical results are produced from the numerical model as implemented into the commercial finite element code ABAQUS. A rigorous experimental investigation is undertaken to acquire high fidelity measurements including infrared thermography and projection moire interferometry for full-field temperature and displacement measurements, respectively. High fidelity numerical results are also obtained from the numerical model and include measured parameters, such as geometric imperfection and thermal load. Excellent agreement is achieved between the predicted and measured results of the static and dynamic thermomechanical response, thereby providing quantitative validation of the numerical tool.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: LF99-8568 , Jounal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures; 19; 2; 129-143
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Guidelines for the Utilization of Composite Materials in Oxygen Storage Tanks (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Space travel is inherently dangerous and, currently, quite expensive. NASA has always done everything possible to minimize the risk associated with the materials chosen for space travel applications by requiring that all materials associated with NASA programs meet the strict requirements established by NASA testing standard NASA-STD-600 1 Flammability, Odor, Offgassing, and Compatibility Requirements and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments that Support Combustion. NASA also has the need to develop lighter weight structural materials that will allow more payload weight to be carried into space. NASA is utilizing composite materials inside the orbiter to lighten the overall weight, but has not considered composite materials for oxygen tanks because of the inherent incompatibility of composite materials with atomic oxygen. This presentation will focus on how oxygen tanks can be built from composite materials. Details will be provided for the design and compatibility testing techniques that will be utilized to create a new NASA standard, NASA-HDBK-6018, which will serve as the starting point for the design of oxygen tanks made from composite materials.
    Keywords: Composite Materials
    Type: 2006 National Space and Missile Materials Symposium; Jun 25, 2006 - Jun 30, 2006; Orlando, FL; United States
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