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  • 550 - Earth sciences  (11)
  • Disease Models, Animal  (5)
  • 2010-2014  (15)
  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1
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    Infectivity, transmission, and pathology of human-isolated H7N9 influenza virus in ferrets and pigs (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-25
    Description: The emergence of the H7N9 influenza virus in humans in Eastern China has raised concerns that a new influenza pandemic could occur. Here, we used a ferret model to evaluate the infectivity and transmissibility of A/Shanghai/2/2013 (SH2), a human H7N9 virus isolate. This virus replicated in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of the ferrets and was shed at high titers for 6 to 7 days, with ferrets showing relatively mild clinical signs. SH2 was efficiently transmitted between ferrets via direct contact, but less efficiently by airborne exposure. Pigs were productively infected by SH2 and shed virus for 6 days but were unable to transmit the virus to naive pigs or ferrets. Under appropriate conditions, human-to-human transmission of the H7N9 virus may be possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhu, H -- Wang, D -- Kelvin, D J -- Li, L -- Zheng, Z -- Yoon, S-W -- Wong, S-S -- Farooqui, A -- Wang, J -- Banner, D -- Chen, R -- Zheng, R -- Zhou, J -- Zhang, Y -- Hong, W -- Dong, W -- Cai, Q -- Roehrl, M H A -- Huang, S S H -- Kelvin, A A -- Yao, T -- Zhou, B -- Chen, X -- Leung, G M -- Poon, L L M -- Webster, R G -- Webby, R J -- Peiris, J S M -- Guan, Y -- Shu, Y -- HSN266200700005C/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 12;341(6142):183-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1239844. Epub 2013 May 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Joint Influenza Research Centre [Shantou University Medical College/University of Hong Kong], Shantou University, Shantou, PR China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23704376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*transmission/*virology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ferrets ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/pathology/*transmission/*virology ; Orthomyxoviridae/classification/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Respiratory System/pathology/virology ; Sus scrofa
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Inhibitory receptors bind ANGPTLs and support blood stem cells and leukaemia development (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-05
    Description: How environmental cues regulate adult stem cell and cancer cell activity through surface receptors is poorly understood. Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs), a family of seven secreted glycoproteins, are known to support the activity of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro and in vivo. ANGPTLs also have important roles in lipid metabolism, angiogenesis and inflammation, but were considered 'orphan ligands' because no receptors were identified. Here we show that the immune-inhibitory receptor human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2) and its mouse orthologue paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (PIRB) are receptors for several ANGPTLs. LILRB2 and PIRB are expressed on human and mouse HSCs, respectively, and the binding of ANGPTLs to these receptors supported ex vivo expansion of HSCs. In mouse transplantation acute myeloid leukaemia models, a deficiency in intracellular signalling of PIRB resulted in increased differentiation of leukaemia cells, revealing that PIRB supports leukaemia development. Our study indicates an unexpected functional significance of classical immune-inhibitory receptors in maintenance of stemness of normal adult stem cells and in support of cancer development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367397/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367397/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zheng, Junke -- Umikawa, Masato -- Cui, Changhao -- Li, Jiyuan -- Chen, Xiaoli -- Zhang, Chaozheng -- Huynh, HoangDinh -- Kang, Xunlei -- Silvany, Robert -- Wan, Xuan -- Ye, Jingxiao -- Canto, Alberto Puig -- Chen, Shu-Hsia -- Wang, Huan-You -- Ward, E Sally -- Zhang, Cheng Cheng -- K01 CA 120099/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 CA120099/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 CA120099-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 CA120099-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 CA120099-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 CA120099-06/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA109322/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA172268/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 30;485(7400):656-60. doi: 10.1038/nature11095.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22660330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fetal Blood/cytology/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia/*metabolism/*pathology ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Pathogen blocks host death receptor signalling by arginine GlcNAcylation of death domains (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-21
    Description: The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family is crucial for immune homeostasis, cell death and inflammation. These cytokines are recognized by members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) family of death receptors, including TNFR1 and TNFR2, and FAS and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptors. Death receptor signalling requires death-domain-mediated homotypic/heterotypic interactions between the receptor and its downstream adaptors, including TNFR1-associated death domain protein (TRADD) and FAS-associated death domain protein (FADD). Here we discover that death domains in several proteins, including TRADD, FADD, RIPK1 and TNFR1, were directly inactivated by NleB, an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) type III secretion system effector known to inhibit host nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signalling. NleB contained an unprecedented N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase activity that specifically modified a conserved arginine in these death domains (Arg 235 in the TRADD death domain). NleB GlcNAcylation (the addition of GlcNAc onto a protein side chain) of death domains blocked homotypic/heterotypic death domain interactions and assembly of the oligomeric TNFR1 complex, thereby disrupting TNF signalling in EPEC-infected cells, including NF-kappaB signalling, apoptosis and necroptosis. Type-III-delivered NleB also blocked FAS ligand and TRAIL-induced cell death by preventing formation of a FADD-mediated death-inducing signalling complex (DISC). The arginine GlcNAc transferase activity of NleB was required for bacterial colonization in the mouse model of EPEC infection. The mechanism of action of NleB represents a new model by which bacteria counteract host defences, and also a previously unappreciated post-translational modification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Shan -- Zhang, Li -- Yao, Qing -- Li, Lin -- Dong, Na -- Rong, Jie -- Gao, Wenqing -- Ding, Xiaojun -- Sun, Liming -- Chen, Xing -- Chen, She -- Shao, Feng -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Sep 12;501(7466):242-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12436. Epub 2013 Aug 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23955153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acylation ; Animals ; Antigens, CD95/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Arginine/*metabolism ; Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli/*metabolism/pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli Infections/metabolism/microbiology/pathology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/*metabolism ; Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein/chemistry/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/metabolism ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/*metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/chemistry/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; TNF Receptor-Associated Death Domain Protein/*chemistry/*metabolism ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Protection against filovirus diseases by a novel broad-spectrum nucleoside analogue BCX4430 (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-05
    Description: Filoviruses are emerging pathogens and causative agents of viral haemorrhagic fever. Case fatality rates of filovirus disease outbreaks are among the highest reported for any human pathogen, exceeding 90% (ref. 1). Licensed therapeutic or vaccine products are not available to treat filovirus diseases. Candidate therapeutics previously shown to be efficacious in non-human primate disease models are based on virus-specific designs and have limited broad-spectrum antiviral potential. Here we show that BCX4430, a novel synthetic adenosine analogue, inhibits infection of distinct filoviruses in human cells. Biochemical, reporter-based and primer-extension assays indicate that BCX4430 inhibits viral RNA polymerase function, acting as a non-obligate RNA chain terminator. Post-exposure intramuscular administration of BCX4430 protects against Ebola virus and Marburg virus disease in rodent models. Most importantly, BCX4430 completely protects cynomolgus macaques from Marburg virus infection when administered as late as 48 hours after infection. In addition, BCX4430 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against numerous viruses, including bunyaviruses, arenaviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses and flaviviruses. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of non-human primate protection from filovirus disease by a synthetic drug-like small molecule. We provide additional pharmacological characterizations supporting the potential development of BCX4430 as a countermeasure against human filovirus diseases and other viral diseases representing major public health threats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warren, Travis K -- Wells, Jay -- Panchal, Rekha G -- Stuthman, Kelly S -- Garza, Nicole L -- Van Tongeren, Sean A -- Dong, Lian -- Retterer, Cary J -- Eaton, Brett P -- Pegoraro, Gianluca -- Honnold, Shelley -- Bantia, Shanta -- Kotian, Pravin -- Chen, Xilin -- Taubenheim, Brian R -- Welch, Lisa S -- Minning, Dena M -- Babu, Yarlagadda S -- Sheridan, William P -- Bavari, Sina -- HHSN272201100016I/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN272201100019I/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN27220110005I/PHS HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 17;508(7496):402-5. doi: 10.1038/nature13027. Epub 2014 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Therapeutic Discovery Center, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA. ; BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc., Durham, North Carolina 27703, USA. ; 1] BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc., Durham, North Carolina 27703, USA [2] Wilco Consulting, LLC, Durham, North Carolina 27712, USA. ; MedExpert Consulting, Inc., Indialantic, Florida 32903, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24590073" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*analogs & derivatives ; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ebolavirus/drug effects ; Filoviridae/*drug effects/enzymology ; Filoviridae Infections/*prevention & control/*virology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/prevention & control/virology ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Macaca fascicularis/virology ; Marburg Virus Disease/prevention & control/virology ; Marburgvirus/drug effects ; Purine Nucleosides/administration & ; dosage/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology ; RNA/biosynthesis ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Novel mutations target distinct subgroups of medulloblastoma (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: Medulloblastoma is a malignant childhood brain tumour comprising four discrete subgroups. Here, to identify mutations that drive medulloblastoma, we sequenced the entire genomes of 37 tumours and matched normal blood. One-hundred and thirty-six genes harbouring somatic mutations in this discovery set were sequenced in an additional 56 medulloblastomas. Recurrent mutations were detected in 41 genes not yet implicated in medulloblastoma; several target distinct components of the epigenetic machinery in different disease subgroups, such as regulators of H3K27 and H3K4 trimethylation in subgroups 3 and 4 (for example, KDM6A and ZMYM3), and CTNNB1-associated chromatin re-modellers in WNT-subgroup tumours (for example, SMARCA4 and CREBBP). Modelling of mutations in mouse lower rhombic lip progenitors that generate WNT-subgroup tumours identified genes that maintain this cell lineage (DDX3X), as well as mutated genes that initiate (CDH1) or cooperate (PIK3CA) in tumorigenesis. These data provide important new insights into the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma subgroups and highlight targets for therapeutic development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412905/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3412905/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, Giles -- Parker, Matthew -- Kranenburg, Tanya A -- Lu, Charles -- Chen, Xiang -- Ding, Li -- Phoenix, Timothy N -- Hedlund, Erin -- Wei, Lei -- Zhu, Xiaoyan -- Chalhoub, Nader -- Baker, Suzanne J -- Huether, Robert -- Kriwacki, Richard -- Curley, Natasha -- Thiruvenkatam, Radhika -- Wang, Jianmin -- Wu, Gang -- Rusch, Michael -- Hong, Xin -- Becksfort, Jared -- Gupta, Pankaj -- Ma, Jing -- Easton, John -- Vadodaria, Bhavin -- Onar-Thomas, Arzu -- Lin, Tong -- Li, Shaoyi -- Pounds, Stanley -- Paugh, Steven -- Zhao, David -- Kawauchi, Daisuke -- Roussel, Martine F -- Finkelstein, David -- Ellison, David W -- Lau, Ching C -- Bouffet, Eric -- Hassall, Tim -- Gururangan, Sridharan -- Cohn, Richard -- Fulton, Robert S -- Fulton, Lucinda L -- Dooling, David J -- Ochoa, Kerri -- Gajjar, Amar -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Wilson, Richard K -- Downing, James R -- Zhang, Jinghui -- Gilbertson, Richard J -- P01 CA096832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA96832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA129541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 2;488(7409):43-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11213.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CREB-Binding Protein/genetics ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cdh1 Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/deficiency/genetics ; Cell Lineage ; Cerebellar Neoplasms/*classification/*genetics/pathology ; Child ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; DNA Helicases/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genomics ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Histone Demethylases/genetics ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma/*classification/*genetics/pathology ; Methylation ; Mice ; Mutation/*genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Magnetotelluric image linked to surface geology across the Cape Fold Belt, South Africa (2012)
    In:  Terra Nova
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    From forward modelling of MT phases over 90◦ towards 2D anisotropic inversion (2010)
    In:  23. Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung (Seddiner See 2009)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Within the framework of the German - South African geo-scientific research initiative Inkaba yeAfrica several magnetotelluric (MT) field experiments were conducted along the Agulhas- Karoo Transect in South Africa. This transect crosses several continental collision zones between the Cape Fold Belt, the Namaqua Natal Mobile Belt and Kaapvaal Craton. Along the profile we can identify areas (〉 10km) with phases over 90◦. This phenomenon usually occurs in presence of electrical anisotropy. Due to the dense site spacing we are able to observe this behaviour consistently at several sites. In this presentation we focus on the profile section between Prince Albert and Mosselbay. With isotropic 2D inversion we are able to explain most features in the MT data but not the abnormal phase behavior. With several anisotropic forward modelling studies we have tested the influence of anisotropy parameters on the MT responses. In a first step we use simple 2D models with embedded zones of electrical anisotropy to get a basic understanding of anisotropic responses. In a second step isotropic 2D inversion results serve as background models in which we included anisotropic zones, e.g. to fit the abnormal phase curves. These resolution tests are necessary and important for the future development of a 2D inversion with spatially constraint anisotropy.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 8
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    Auswertung von Daten der SCAR-GPS-Kampagnen und Permantentstationen in der Antaktis und Umgebung (2000)
    In:  Deutsche Beiträge zu GPS-Kampagnen des Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) 1995-1998 | Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe B ; 310
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 9
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    Overview and preliminary results of magnetotelluric experiments across the southern Barberton greenstone belt (2011)
    In:  71. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft (DGG) (Köln 2011)
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 10
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    Two-dimensional constrained anisotropic inversion of magnetotelluric data (2012)
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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