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Dramatic Change in Jupiter's Great Red Spot (2015)

Simon, A. A. ; Marcus, P. S. ; Asay-Davis, X. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) is one of its most distinct and enduring features, having been continuously observed since the 1800's. It currently spans the smallest latitude and longitude size ever recorded. Here we show analyses of 2014 Hubble spectral imaging data to study the color, structure and internal dynamics of this long-live storm.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN20643 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States

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ORDEM 3.0 and MASTER-2009 Populations Comparison (with Preliminary SRM Slag Study) (2015)

Davis, A. ; Lukco, D. ; Braun, V. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: No abstract available

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: JSC-CN-33055 , Inter-Agency Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) Meeting; Mar 31, 2015 - Apr 03, 2015; Houston, TX; United States

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Isolation and Monitoring of Cleanroom-Associated Microbial Contaminates From Geological Collections (2019)

Davis, Richard E. ; Castro-Wallace, S. L. ; Castro, C. L. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-20

Description: Microbial contamination is of particular interest to geological curation as many microorganisms can change mineral composition and produce compounds used as biosignatures used for the detection of life. Microbial cells can change the mineral composition of rocks through organic acid production and direct enzymatic oxidation/reduction of transition metals. Enzymatic oxidation of iron and manganese can occur at a rate several orders of magnitude faster than under abiotic conditions and produce highly reactive nanoparticle- sized oxides that can react and sorb other metals and organic compounds. Many fungi can also produce organic acids that dissolve and chelate mineral matrices chemically reducing and dissolving rock surfaces. Finally, several common soil-associated bacteria and fungi produce secondary metabolites that contain unusual amino acid analogs and non-ribosomal peptides containing both L- and D- chirality used in characterizing carbonaceous chondrites and the detection of extraterrestrial life.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN65757 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 18, 2019 - Mar 22, 2019; Woodlands, TX; United States

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Effects of Space Weathering on Reflectance Spectra of Ureilites: First Studies (2018)

Christoffersen, R. ; Hibbitts, C. ; Klima, R. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Ureilites are differentiated meteorites (ultramafic rocks interpreted to be mantle residues) that contain as much carbon as the most carbon-rich carbonaceous chondrites (CCs). Reflectance spectra of ureilites are similar to those of some CCs. Hence, ureilitic asteroids may accidentally be categorized as primitive because their spectra could resemble those of C-complex asteroids, which are thought to be CC-like. We began spectral studies of progressively laser-weathered ureilites with the goals of predicting UV-VIS-IR spectra of ureilitic asteroids, and identifying features that could distinguish differentiated from primitive dark asteroids. Space weathering has not previously been studied for ureilites, and, based on space weathering studies of CCs and other C-rich materials, it could significantly alter their reflectance spectra.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN52096 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 19, 2018 - Mar 23, 2018; The Woodlands, TX; United States

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Bar Code Events in the Juno-UVS Data: Signature ~10 MeV Electron Microbursts at Jupiter (2018)

Paranicas, C. P. ; Kammer, J. A. ; Gladstone, G. R. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

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Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: One of the most intriguing discoveries of Juno is the quasi-systematic detection of upgoing electrons above the auroral regions. Here we discuss a by-product of the most energetic component of this population: a contamination resembling bar codes in the Juno-UVS images. This pattern is likely caused by bursts of 10 MeV electrons penetrating the instrument. These events are mostly detected when Junos magnetic footprint is located poleward of the main emission relative to the magnetic pole. The signal is not periodic, but the bursts are typically 0.11 s apart. They are essentially detected when Juno-UVS is oriented toward Jupiter, indicating that the signal is due to upgoing electrons. The event detections occur between 1 and 7 Jovian radii above the 1-bar level, suggesting that the electron acceleration takes place close to Jupiter and is thus both strong and brief.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN66138 , Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276) (e-ISSN 1944-8007); 45; 22; 12108-12115

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Dramatic Change in Jupiter's Great Red Spot from Spacecraft Observations (2015)

Simon, Amy A. ; Rogers, John H. ; Carlson, Robert W. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-12

Description: Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) is one of its most distinct and enduring features. Since the advent of modern telescopes, keen observers have noted its appearance and documented a change in shape from very oblong to oval, confirmed in measurements from spacecraft data. It currently spans the smallest latitude and longitude size ever recorded. Here we show that this change has been accompanied by an increase in cloud/haze reflectance as sensed in methane gas absorption bands, increased absorption at wavelengths shorter than 500 nanometers, and increased spectral slope between 500 and 630 nanometers. These changes occurred between 2012 and 2014, without a significant change in internal tangential wind speeds; the decreased size results in a 3.2 day horizontal cloud circulation period, shorter than previously observed. As the GRS has narrowed in latitude, it interacts less with the jets flanking its north and south edges, perhaps allowing for less cloud mixing and longer UV irradiation of cloud and aerosol particles. Given its long life and observational record, we expect that future modeling of the GRS's changes, in concert with laboratory flow experiments, will drive our understanding of vortex evolution and stability in a confined flow field crucial for comparison with other planetary atmospheres.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN19804

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OSIRIS-REx Gravity Field Estimates for Bennu Using Spacecraft and Natural Particle Tracking Data (2019)

Seabrook, J. A. ; Lauretta, D. S. ; Roberts, J. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-09-20

Description: The current best estimates of Bennus gravity field will be presented, based on the independent solutions from four different teams involved on the OSIRIS-REx mission. The discovery of ejected particles about Bennu that may remain in orbit for several days or more provide a unique opportunity to probe the gravity field to higher degree and order than possible by using conventional spacecraft tracking. However, the non-gravitational forces acting on these particles must also be characterized, and their impact on solution accuracy must be assessed. This talk will present the latest results from the mission, incorporating spacecraft tracking from the lowest orbit in which the satellite will be during the mission.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN68580 , European Planetary Science Congress / Division for Planetary Sciences Joint Meeting (EPSC-DPS 2019); Sep 15, 2019 - Sep 20, 2019; Geneva; Switzerland

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Episodes of Particle Ejection from the Surface of the Active Asteroid (101955) Bennu (2019)

Thuillet, F. ; Jacobson, R. A. ; Pelgrift, J. Y. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2020-01-04

Description: Active asteroids are those that show evidence of ongoing mass loss. We report repeated instances of particle ejection from the surface of (101955) Bennu, demonstrating that it is an active asteroid. The ejection events were imaged by the OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and SecurityRegolith Explorer) spacecraft. For the three largest observed events, we estimated the ejected particle velocities and sizes, event times, source regions, and energies. We also determined the trajectories and photometric properties of several gravitationally bound particles that orbited temporarily in the Bennu environment. We consider multiple hypotheses for the mechanisms that lead to particle ejection for the largest events, including rotational disruption, electrostatic lofting, ice sublimation, phyllosilicate dehydration, meteoroid impacts, thermal stress fracturing, and secondary impacts.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN76455 , Science (ISSN 0036-8075) (e-ISSN 1095-9203); 366; 6470; eaay3544

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Pyroclastics Northeast of Gassendi Crater: Discovery/Characteristics/Implications (2017)

Gustafson, J. O. ; Stopar, J. D. ; Gaddis, L. R. ; [et al.]

In: CASI

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Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: In our ongoing effort to better understand lunar volcanism on the Moon, we are investigating pyroclastic deposits in the Gassendi region. Interest in pyroclastics has remained high due to the availability of high-resolution data (LRO, Kaguya), which is used to build on previous remote sensing studies [e.g., 1, 2, 3] and also extensive studies of lunar pyroclastic glasses [4, 5]. Analyses conducted in the laboratory of pyroclastic spheres from several deposits show that this volcanic material had a greater depth of origin and lesser fractional crystallization than mare basalts [e.g., 4, 6]. Data indicates that pyroclastic glasses are the best examples of primitive materials on the Moon, and they are important for both characterizing the lunar interior and as a starting place for under-standing the origin and evolution of lunar basaltic magmatism [2].

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: JSC-CN-38868 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 20, 2017 - Mar 24, 2017; The Woodlands, TX; United States

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Some Strategic Considerations Related to the Potential Use of Water Resource Deposits on Mars by Future Human Explorers (2016)

Mueller, R. P. ; Hoffman, S. J. ; Hays, L. E. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

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Publication Date: 2019-08-14

Description: A long-term base on Mars, at the center of an Exploration Zone, would require substantial quantities of in-situ resources. Although water is not the only resource on Mars of potential interest, it stands out as the one that most dominates long-lead strategic planning. It is needed for multiple aspects of various human activities (including our own survival), and in significant quantities. The absence of a viable deposits could make a surface field station logistically unsustainable. Therefore, identification of deposits, and development of the technology needed to make use of these deposits, are an important priority in the period leading up to a human mission to Mars. Given our present understanding of Mars, ice and hydrated minerals appear to be the best potential sources for the quantity of water expected to be needed. The methods for their extraction would be different for these two classes of deposits, and at the present time it is unknown which would ultimately be an optimal solution. The deposits themselves would ultimately have to be judged by an economic assessment that takes into account information about geologic and engineering attributes and the cost of obtaining this information. Ultimately, much of this information would need to come from precursor missions, which would be essential if utilization of martian is situ water resources is to become a part of human exploration of Mars.

Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration

Type: JPL-CL-16-0748 , ASCE Earth and Space 2016 Conference; Apr 11, 2016 - Apr 15, 2016; Orlando, FL; United States

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