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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk  (15)
  • Mt. Etna  (8)
  • C14
  • E52
  • J24
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • 2015-2019  (25)
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
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    Geotechnical Tests on Asteroid Simulant Orgueil (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: In the last 100 years, the global population has more than quadrupled to over seven billion people. At the same time, the demand for food and standard of living has been increasing which has amplified the global water use by nearly eight times from approximately 500 to 4000 cu km per yr from 1900 to 2010. With the increasing concern to sustain the growing population on Earth it is necessary to seek other approaches to ensure that our planet will have resources for generations to come. In recent years, the advancement of space travel and technology has allowed the idea of mining asteroids with resources closer to becoming a reality. During the duration of the internship at NASA Kennedy Space Center, several geotechnical tests were conducted on BP-1 lunar simulant and asteroid simulant Orgueil. The tests that were conducted on BP-1 was to practice utilizing the equipment that will be used on the asteroid simulant and the data from those tests will be omitted from report. Understanding the soil mechanics of asteroid simulant Orgueil will help provide basis for future technological advances and prepare scientists for the conditions they may encounter when mining asteroids becomes reality in the distant future. Distinct tests were conducted to determine grain size distribution, unconsolidated density, and maximum density. Once the basic properties are known, the asteroid simulant will be altered to different levels of compaction using a vibrator table to see how compaction affects the density. After different intervals of vibration compaction, a miniature vane shear test will be conducted. Laboratory vane shear testing is a reliable tool to investigate strength anisotropy in the vertical and horizontal directions of a very soft to stiff saturated fine-grained clayey soil. This test will provide us with a rapid determination of the shear strength on the undisturbed compacted regolith. The results of these tests will shed light on how much torque is necessary to drill through the surface of an asteroid. Most of the known asteroids are believed to be left over material during the formation of the solar system that never accreted to form planets. Asteroids can be found in several groups such as Trojan Asteroids, Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) and the main asteroid belt. The Trojan Asteroids orbit the 4th and 5th Lagrange points of major planets in the Solar System while the NEA's have orbits that are close to and sometimes intersect with Earths orbit and the Main Asteroid Belt which is found between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter. Gravitational perturbations can alter the orbit of asteroids in the Main Asteroid Belt causing them to move closer to earth causing them to become in the NEA class.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: KSC-E-DAA-TN42077
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    OSIRISREx Visible and NearInfrared Observations of the Moon (2019)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-04
    Description: The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security Regolith Explorer(OSIRISREx) mission observed the The Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and SecurityRegolith Explorer (OSIRISREx) mission observed the Moon during the spacecraft's Earth gravity assist in 2017. From the spacecraft view, the lunar phase was 42, and the inview hemisphere was dominated by anorthositic highlands terrain. Lunar spectra obtained by the OSIRISREx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer show evidence of several candidate absorption features. We observe the 2.8m hydration band, confirming the spectral results from other missions, but detected in fulldisk spectra. We also tentatively identify weak spectral features near 0.9 and 1.3 m, consistent with lunar regolith containing a mixture of plagioclase and orthopyroxene minerals, as expected for highlands terrain.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN76610 , Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276) (e-ISSN 1944-8007); 46; 12; 6322-6326
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Ground-Based Navigation and Dispersion Analysis for the Orion Exploration Mission 1 (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents the Orion Exploration Mission 1 Linear Covariance Analysis for the DRO mission using ground-based navigation. The Delta V statistics for each maneuver are presented. In particular, the statistics of the lunar encounters and the Entry Interface are presented.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-35077 , AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics Meeting; Feb 14, 2016 - Feb 18, 2016; Napa, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Building-up AR Applications for field survey purposes (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Augmented Reality (AR) is a new way to interact with the world around us by means of the alteration of reality perceived through specific sensors. Virtual elements are indeed overlapped to our visual perception using a video camera or special glasses. In the light of this experience, the AR user will see real images mixed with virtual objects and movies, hear sounds, perceive tactile sensations and, in the next future, have olfactory experiences. We exploit AR features for dissemination purposes in the field of non-structural damage caused by earthquakes as part of our activities within the European project KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce selSmic risK through non-structural elements). In this presentation, we propose an AR application that allows the user on the field to access information based on a geo database. Accordingly, the application can work in outdoor guided tours as well as field surveys in the form of a virtual assistant. The application requires a tablet and is developed using the WikitudeTM framework, provided by Wikitude GmbH (www.wikitude.com), under Android OS version 4+. From a technical point of view, it is based on the Wikitude Software Development Kit (SDK), which represents an all-in-one AR solution including image recognition and tracking, video overlay, and location based AR service. We developed our prototype application as field trip experience of the town of Noto (Italy), destroyed by an earthquake in 1693. In the middle Ages, the old town of Noto was an important and rich stronghold chosen by Arabs as chief town of one of the three districts (Val di Noto) in which Sicily was divided. Houses, churches, convents and monasteries in Noto were totally destroyed by earthquakes with intensity I=X-XI MCS between 1542 and 1693. The victims were 3,000 out of a total population of 12,000 inhabitants. Our AR application provides historical information on Noto along images and seismic data. Building-up similar tools can be useful not only for laypersons, but also for professionals in support to their field surveys.
    Description: Published
    Description: INGV - Osservatorio Etneo, Catania Italy
    Description: 7IT. Educazione e divulgazione scientifica
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic, Non structural elements ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 5
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    Applying the Disruption Index procedure to evaluate the urban seismic risk in the Mt. Etna area (Italy) (2015)
    Engineering Geology for Society and Territory, 5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-11
    Description: The Disruption Index is used here for the assessment of urban disruption in the Mt. Etna area after a natural disaster. The first element of the procedure is the definition of the seismic input, which is based on information about the historical seismicity and seismogenic faults. The second element is the computation of the seismic impact on the building stock and infrastructure in the region considered. Information on urban-scale vulnerability was collected and a geographic information system was used to organize the data relating to buildings and network systems (e. g., typologies, schools, strategic structures, lifelines). The central idea underlying the definition of the Disruption Index is the identification and evaluation of the impacts on a target community, considering the physical elements that contribute most to the severe disruption. The results of this study are therefore very useful for earthquake preparedness planning and for the development of strategies to minimize the risks from earthquakes. This study is a product of the European “Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies using Macroseismic Fields and Fault Sources” project (UPStrat-MAFA European project 2013).
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino, Italy
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Disruption Index, Mt. Etna Volcano ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 6
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    On assessing importance of components in dysfunction urban systems given an earthquake: the case of Mt. Etna region (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-11
    Description: Mt Etna region (Sicily, Italy) is one of the test areas studied in the European Project “Urban disaster Prevention Strategies using MAcroseismic fields and FAult sources” ( UPStrat-MAFA) to which the methodology of Disruption Index (hereafter DI), recently developed to evaluate the dysfunction of urban systems caused by earthquakes (Ferreira et al., 2014), has been applied on a trial basis.
    Description: Published
    Description: Istanbul, Turkey
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic Risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
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    Seismic Hazard and Related Risk at Mt Etna Volcano: a contribution to the improvement of emergency plans (2015)
    Miscellanea INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, have strong effects on the socioeconomic well-being of countries and their people. The consequences of these events can lead to complex cascades of related incidents, and in more serious contexts they can threaten our basic survivability. The problem of the seismic risk is a well-known issue at Etna due to the high-intensities volcano-tectonic earthquakes that frequently damage the very populated flanks of the volcano. In the framework of the european UPStrat-MAFA project, seismic hazard was performed following the probabilistic approach (PSHA) based on historical macroseismic data, by using the SASHA code [D’Amico and Albarello, 2008]. This approach uses intensity site observations to compute the seismic history for each investigated locality; the results, are expressed in terms of maximum intensity expected in a given exposure time, for exceedance probability thresholds. The seismic site histories were reconstructed from the database of macroseismic observation related to the historical catalogue of Mt. Etna from 1832 to 2013 [CMTE, 2014], implemented by “spot” observations as far back as 1600 [Azzaro and Castelli, 2014]. To improve the completeness of the site seismic histories, the dataset of the observed intensities was integrated with ‘virtual’ values, calculated according to attenuation laws. The attenuation model applied is based on Bayesian statistics performed on the Etna dataset [Rotondi et al., 2013], and provides the probabilistic distribution of the intensity at a given site. The hazard maps, calculated using a grid spaced 1 km, shows that for short exposure times (10 and 30 years, Figure 1a), volcano-tectonic earthquakes are the main source of shaking for the area. In particular localities in the eastern flank of the volcano have very high probabilities to suffer damage at least of VII degree in the next 30 years. Moreover, the de-aggregation analysis between magnitude vs seismic source demonstrates that S. Tecla fault (STF in Figure 1b) is one of the structures that mostly contribute to the hazard.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi, Italy
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic hazard ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 8
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    Applying the Disruption Index Procedure to Evaluate the Urban Seismic Risk in the Mt. Etna Area (Italy) (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-23
    Description: The Disruption Index is used here for the assessment of urban disruption in the Mt. Etna area after a natural disaster. The first element of the procedure is the definition of the seismic input, which is based on information about the historical seismicity and seismogenic faults. The second element is the computation of the seismic impact on the building stock and infrastructure in the region considered. Information on urban-scale vulnerability was collected and a geographic information system was used to organize the data relating to buildings and network systems (e.g., typologies, schools, strategic structures, lifelines). The central idea underlying the definition of the Disruption Index is the identification and evaluation of the impacts on a target community, considering the physical elements that contribute most to the severe disruption. The results of this study are therefore very useful for earthquake preparedness planning and for the development of strategies to minimize the risks from earthquakes. This study is a product of the European “Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies using Macroseismic Fields and Fault Sources” project (UPStrat-MAFA European project 2013).
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic impact ; Disruption index ; Urban system ; Risk measures ; Mt. Etna area (Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 9
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    Seismic hazard assessment in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna (Italy): a probabilistic approach based on macroseismic data applied to volcano-tectonic seismicity (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: In the framework of the UPStrat-MAFA project, a seismic hazard assessment has been undertaken in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna as a first step in studies aimed at evaluating the risk on an urban scale. The analysis has been carried out with the SASHA code which uses macroseismic data in order to calculate, starting from the site seismic history, the maximum intensity value expected in a given site with a probability of exceedance of 10 % (Iref), for a fixed exposure time. Depending on the aims of the project, hazard is estimated for local volcano-tectonic seismicity and short exposure times (10 and 30 years), without taking into account the contribution of ‘‘regional’’ events characterized by much longer recurrence times. Results from tasks A, B and D of the project have produced an updated macroseismic dataset, better performing attenuation models and new tools for SASHA, respectively. The maps obtained indicate that the eastern flank of Etna, the most urbanized sector of the volcano, is characterized by a high level of hazard with Iref values up to degree VIII EMS, and even IX EMS locally. The disaggregated data analysis allows recognizing the ‘‘design earthquake’’ and the seismogenic fault which most contribute to the hazard at a site-scale. The latter analysis is the starting point to select the scenario earthquake to be used in the analyses of tasks C and F of the project dealing with, respectively, synthetic ground motion simulations and the evaluation of the Disruption Index.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1813–1825
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano-tectonic earthquakes ; Macroseismic intensity ; Seismic history ; Attenuation models ; Exceedance probability ; Seismic hazard ; Mt. Etna ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    An experience of science theatre: Earth Science for children (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The present paper describes an experience of science theatre addressed to children of primary and secondary school, with the main purpose of explaining the Earth interior while raising awareness about natural hazard. We conducted the experience with the help of a theatrical company specialized in shows for children. Several performances have been reiterated in different context, giving us the opportunity of conducting a preliminary survey with public of different ages, even if the show was conceived for children. Results suggest that science theatre while relying on creativity and emotional learning in transmitting knowledge about the Earth and its hazard has the potential to induce in children a positive attitude towards the risks
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Vienna
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: natural hazards, risk, education, art ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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