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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk  (15)
  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters
  • Astronomy
  • E52
  • J24
  • Q11
  • 2015-2019  (22)
  • 1995-1999  (1)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Discovery of a Young, Energetic Pulsar Near the Supernova Remnant G290.1-0.8 and the Gamma-Ray Source 2EG J1103-6106 (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: We report on the discovery and follow-up timing observations of a 63-ms radio pulsar, PSR J1105-6107. We show that the pulsar is young, having a characteristic age of only 63kyr. We consider its possible association with the nearby remnant G290.1-0.8 (MSH 11-61A) but uncertainties in the distances and ages preclude a firm conclusion.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A Low-Power Correlator ASIC for Arrays with Many Antennas (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We report the design of a new application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for use in radio telescope correlators. It supports the construction of correlators for an arbitrarily large number of signals. The ASIC uses an intrinsically low-power architecture along with design techniques and a process that together result in unprecedentedly low power consumption. The design is flexible in that it can support telescopes with almost any number of antennas N. It is intended for use in an "FX" correlator, where a uniform filter bank breaks each signal into separate frequency channels prior to correlation.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM); Jan 06, 2016 - Jan 09, 2016; Boulder, CO; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    An Integrated Circuit for Radio Astronomy Correlators Supporting Large Arrays of Antennas (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: Radio telescopes that employ arrays of many antennas are in operation, and ever larger ones are being designed and proposed. Signals from the antennas are combined by cross-correlation. While the cost of most components of the telescope is proportional to the number of antennas N, the cost and power consumption of cross-correlationare proportional to N2 and dominate at sufficiently large N. Here we report the design of an integrated circuit (IC) that performs digital cross-correlations for arbitrarily many antennas in a power-efficient way. It uses an intrinsically low-power architecture in which the movement of data between devices is minimized. In a large system, each IC performs correlations for all pairs of antennas but for a portion of the telescope's bandwidth (the so-called "FX" structure). In our design, the correlations are performed in an array of 4096 complex multiply-accumulate (CMAC) units. This is sufficient to perform all correlations in parallel for 64 signals (N=32 antennas with 2 opposite-polarization signals per antenna). When N is larger, the input data are buffered in an on-chipmemory and the CMACs are re-used as many times as needed to compute all correlations. The design has been synthesized and simulated so as to obtain accurate estimates of the IC's size and power consumption. It isintended for fabrication in a 32 nm silicon-on-insulator process, where it will require less than 12mm2 of silicon area and achieve an energy efficiency of 1.76 to 3.3 pJ per CMAC operation, depending on the number of antennas. Operation has been analyzed in detail up to N = 4096. The system-level energy efficiency, including board-levelI/O, power supplies, and controls, is expected to be 5 to 7 pJ per CMAC operation. Existing correlators for the JVLA (N = 32) and ALMA (N = 64) telescopes achieve about 5000 pJ and 1000 pJ respectively usingapplication-specific ICs in older technologies. To our knowledge, the largest-N existing correlator is LEDA atN = 256; it uses GPUs built in 28 nm technology and achieves about 1000 pJ. Correlators being designed for the SKA telescopes (N = 128 and N = 512) using FPGAs in 16nm technology are predicted to achieve about 100 pJ.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation; 5; 2; 1650002
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Building-up AR Applications for field survey purposes (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Augmented Reality (AR) is a new way to interact with the world around us by means of the alteration of reality perceived through specific sensors. Virtual elements are indeed overlapped to our visual perception using a video camera or special glasses. In the light of this experience, the AR user will see real images mixed with virtual objects and movies, hear sounds, perceive tactile sensations and, in the next future, have olfactory experiences. We exploit AR features for dissemination purposes in the field of non-structural damage caused by earthquakes as part of our activities within the European project KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce selSmic risK through non-structural elements). In this presentation, we propose an AR application that allows the user on the field to access information based on a geo database. Accordingly, the application can work in outdoor guided tours as well as field surveys in the form of a virtual assistant. The application requires a tablet and is developed using the WikitudeTM framework, provided by Wikitude GmbH (www.wikitude.com), under Android OS version 4+. From a technical point of view, it is based on the Wikitude Software Development Kit (SDK), which represents an all-in-one AR solution including image recognition and tracking, video overlay, and location based AR service. We developed our prototype application as field trip experience of the town of Noto (Italy), destroyed by an earthquake in 1693. In the middle Ages, the old town of Noto was an important and rich stronghold chosen by Arabs as chief town of one of the three districts (Val di Noto) in which Sicily was divided. Houses, churches, convents and monasteries in Noto were totally destroyed by earthquakes with intensity I=X-XI MCS between 1542 and 1693. The victims were 3,000 out of a total population of 12,000 inhabitants. Our AR application provides historical information on Noto along images and seismic data. Building-up similar tools can be useful not only for laypersons, but also for professionals in support to their field surveys.
    Description: Published
    Description: INGV - Osservatorio Etneo, Catania Italy
    Description: 7IT. Educazione e divulgazione scientifica
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic, Non structural elements ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 5
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    Applying the Disruption Index procedure to evaluate the urban seismic risk in the Mt. Etna area (Italy) (2015)
    Engineering Geology for Society and Territory, 5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-11
    Description: The Disruption Index is used here for the assessment of urban disruption in the Mt. Etna area after a natural disaster. The first element of the procedure is the definition of the seismic input, which is based on information about the historical seismicity and seismogenic faults. The second element is the computation of the seismic impact on the building stock and infrastructure in the region considered. Information on urban-scale vulnerability was collected and a geographic information system was used to organize the data relating to buildings and network systems (e. g., typologies, schools, strategic structures, lifelines). The central idea underlying the definition of the Disruption Index is the identification and evaluation of the impacts on a target community, considering the physical elements that contribute most to the severe disruption. The results of this study are therefore very useful for earthquake preparedness planning and for the development of strategies to minimize the risks from earthquakes. This study is a product of the European “Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies using Macroseismic Fields and Fault Sources” project (UPStrat-MAFA European project 2013).
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino, Italy
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Disruption Index, Mt. Etna Volcano ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 6
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    On assessing importance of components in dysfunction urban systems given an earthquake: the case of Mt. Etna region (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-11
    Description: Mt Etna region (Sicily, Italy) is one of the test areas studied in the European Project “Urban disaster Prevention Strategies using MAcroseismic fields and FAult sources” ( UPStrat-MAFA) to which the methodology of Disruption Index (hereafter DI), recently developed to evaluate the dysfunction of urban systems caused by earthquakes (Ferreira et al., 2014), has been applied on a trial basis.
    Description: Published
    Description: Istanbul, Turkey
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic Risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
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    Seismic Hazard and Related Risk at Mt Etna Volcano: a contribution to the improvement of emergency plans (2015)
    Miscellanea INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, have strong effects on the socioeconomic well-being of countries and their people. The consequences of these events can lead to complex cascades of related incidents, and in more serious contexts they can threaten our basic survivability. The problem of the seismic risk is a well-known issue at Etna due to the high-intensities volcano-tectonic earthquakes that frequently damage the very populated flanks of the volcano. In the framework of the european UPStrat-MAFA project, seismic hazard was performed following the probabilistic approach (PSHA) based on historical macroseismic data, by using the SASHA code [D’Amico and Albarello, 2008]. This approach uses intensity site observations to compute the seismic history for each investigated locality; the results, are expressed in terms of maximum intensity expected in a given exposure time, for exceedance probability thresholds. The seismic site histories were reconstructed from the database of macroseismic observation related to the historical catalogue of Mt. Etna from 1832 to 2013 [CMTE, 2014], implemented by “spot” observations as far back as 1600 [Azzaro and Castelli, 2014]. To improve the completeness of the site seismic histories, the dataset of the observed intensities was integrated with ‘virtual’ values, calculated according to attenuation laws. The attenuation model applied is based on Bayesian statistics performed on the Etna dataset [Rotondi et al., 2013], and provides the probabilistic distribution of the intensity at a given site. The hazard maps, calculated using a grid spaced 1 km, shows that for short exposure times (10 and 30 years, Figure 1a), volcano-tectonic earthquakes are the main source of shaking for the area. In particular localities in the eastern flank of the volcano have very high probabilities to suffer damage at least of VII degree in the next 30 years. Moreover, the de-aggregation analysis between magnitude vs seismic source demonstrates that S. Tecla fault (STF in Figure 1b) is one of the structures that mostly contribute to the hazard.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi, Italy
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic hazard ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 8
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    Geochemistry of REE, Zr and Hf in a wide range of pH and water composition: The Nevado del Ruiz volcano-hydrothermal system (Colombia) (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: The geochemical behaviour of Rare Earth Elements, Zr and Hf was investigated in the thermal waters of Nevado del Ruiz volcano system. A wide range of pH, between 1.0 and 8.8, characterizes these fluids. The acidic waters are sulphate dominatedwith different Cl/SO4 ratios. The important role of the pH and the ionic complexes for the distribution of REE, Zr and Hf in the aqueous phase was evidenced. The pH rules the precipitation of authigenic Fe and Al oxyhydroxides producing changes in REE, Zr, Hf amounts and strong anomalies of Cerium. The precipitation of alunite and jarosite removes LREE from the solution, changing the REE distribution in acidic waters. Y–Ho and Zr–Hf (twin pairs) have a different behaviour in strong acidic waterswith respect to the water with pH near-neutral. Yttrium and Ho behave as Zr and Hf in waters with pH near neutral-to-neutral, showing superchondritic ratios. The twin pairs showed to be sensitive to the co-precipitation and/or adsorption onto the surface of authigenic particulate (Fe-, Al-oxyhydroxides), suggesting an enhanced scavenging of Ho and Hf with respect to Y and Zr, leading to superchondritic values. In acidic waters, a different behaviour of twin pairs occurs with chondritic Y/Ho ratios and sub-chondritic Zr/Hf ratios. For the first time, Zr and Hf were investigated in natural acidic fluids to understand the behaviour of these elements in extreme acidic conditions and different major anion chemistry. Zr/Hf molar ratio changes from 4.75 to 49.29 in water with pH b 3.6. In strong acidic waters the fractionation of Zr and Hf was recognized as function of major anion contents (Cl and SO4), suggesting the formation of complexes leading to sub-chondritic Zr/Hf molar ratios.
    Description: Published
    Description: 125–133
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Zirconium ; Hafnium ; Rare earth elements ; Ionic complexes ; Acidic waters ; Fe–Al oxyhydroxides ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Applying the Disruption Index Procedure to Evaluate the Urban Seismic Risk in the Mt. Etna Area (Italy) (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-23
    Description: The Disruption Index is used here for the assessment of urban disruption in the Mt. Etna area after a natural disaster. The first element of the procedure is the definition of the seismic input, which is based on information about the historical seismicity and seismogenic faults. The second element is the computation of the seismic impact on the building stock and infrastructure in the region considered. Information on urban-scale vulnerability was collected and a geographic information system was used to organize the data relating to buildings and network systems (e.g., typologies, schools, strategic structures, lifelines). The central idea underlying the definition of the Disruption Index is the identification and evaluation of the impacts on a target community, considering the physical elements that contribute most to the severe disruption. The results of this study are therefore very useful for earthquake preparedness planning and for the development of strategies to minimize the risks from earthquakes. This study is a product of the European “Urban Disaster Prevention Strategies using Macroseismic Fields and Fault Sources” project (UPStrat-MAFA European project 2013).
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic impact ; Disruption index ; Urban system ; Risk measures ; Mt. Etna area (Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 10
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    Seismic hazard assessment in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna (Italy): a probabilistic approach based on macroseismic data applied to volcano-tectonic seismicity (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: In the framework of the UPStrat-MAFA project, a seismic hazard assessment has been undertaken in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna as a first step in studies aimed at evaluating the risk on an urban scale. The analysis has been carried out with the SASHA code which uses macroseismic data in order to calculate, starting from the site seismic history, the maximum intensity value expected in a given site with a probability of exceedance of 10 % (Iref), for a fixed exposure time. Depending on the aims of the project, hazard is estimated for local volcano-tectonic seismicity and short exposure times (10 and 30 years), without taking into account the contribution of ‘‘regional’’ events characterized by much longer recurrence times. Results from tasks A, B and D of the project have produced an updated macroseismic dataset, better performing attenuation models and new tools for SASHA, respectively. The maps obtained indicate that the eastern flank of Etna, the most urbanized sector of the volcano, is characterized by a high level of hazard with Iref values up to degree VIII EMS, and even IX EMS locally. The disaggregated data analysis allows recognizing the ‘‘design earthquake’’ and the seismogenic fault which most contribute to the hazard at a site-scale. The latter analysis is the starting point to select the scenario earthquake to be used in the analyses of tasks C and F of the project dealing with, respectively, synthetic ground motion simulations and the evaluation of the Disruption Index.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1813–1825
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano-tectonic earthquakes ; Macroseismic intensity ; Seismic history ; Attenuation models ; Exceedance probability ; Seismic hazard ; Mt. Etna ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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