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  • Lepidoptera  (37)
  • Springer  (37)
  • Public Library of Science
  • 2015-2019
  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1980-1984  (23)
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  • Springer  (37)
  • Public Library of Science
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and field optimisation of the female sex pheromone of the rice leaffolder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in India (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 74 (1995), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: rice leaffolder ; Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate ; (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol ; octadecyl acetate ; sex pheromone ; attractant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of ovipositor washings from virgin femaleCnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) of Indian origin by linked gas chromatography and electroantennography indicated the presence of three electrophysiologically-active compounds. These were identified on the basis of their gas chromatographic retention times and mass spectra as (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate and (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol with (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate present in amounts of between 0.25 and 1.5 ng per ovipositor and the other two components at less than 10% of this. Trace quantities of octadecyl acetate were identified by mass spectrometry but no electroantennographic responses were observed to this compound. Field trials conducted with a range of blends of the three electrophysiologically-active compounds showed that blends containing between 5% and 30% (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate in (Z)-13-octadecenyl acetate dispensed from either white rubber septa or polythene vials were more attractive to male moths than a virgin female moth. Addition of (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol reduced attractiveness to male moths in the blends and concentrations tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381782
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trail Marking by the Larva of the Madrone Butterfly Eucheira socialis and the Role of the Trail Pheromone in Communal Foraging Behavior (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 247-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: trail following ; 5β-cholestane-3-one ; pheromone ; cooperative foraging ; social caterpillar ; bolsa ; silk ; Pieridae ; Eucheira ; Lepidoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The larva of the Madrone butterfly Eucheira socialis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) secretes a trail pheromone from the ventral surface of the posterior tip of its abdomen. Caterpillars mark trails by bringing the secretory site into brief contact with the substrate during a locomotive cycle. Foragers mark most heavily when they move onto new branches and little, if at all, when they move over established trails or when they return to the communal shelter after feeding. The caterpillars make careful comparisons of alternative pathways at choice points and select newer and stronger trails over older and weaker trails. Differential marking of new and established trails during nightly forays, coupled with sensory discrimination of trails by strength and age, leads colonies to abandon old trails in favor of new trails. When applied at a rate as low as 2.5 × 10 −10 g/mm, caterpillars followed synthetic trails prepared from 5β-cholestane-3-one, a trail pheromone previously reported from the tent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.). Although both Eucheira and Malacosoma mark with the tip of the abdomen and have near-identical sensitivites to 5β-cholestane-3-one, our study shows that Eucheira employs a relatively unsophisticated system of trail-based communication and does not recruit to food. The trail-based communication system of Eucheira appears to represent an early stage in the evolution of cooperative foraging that is derived from, and motivationally linked to, conflict behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021000108290
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Harmonic Radar as a Means of Tracking the Pheromone-Finding and Pheromone-Following Flight of Male Moths (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 287-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: radar tracking ; harmonic radar ; foraging flight ; Lepidoptera ; Agrotis segetum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021004209198
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repellency of pheromones released by females of Heliothis armigera and H. zea to females of both species (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Sex Pheromones ; Repellent ; Heliothis armigera ; Heliothis zea ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; cotton bollworm ; corn earworm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'examen en olfactomètre a porté sur les réactions face à d'autres femelles de la même espèce, de femelles vierges ou ayant copulé d'Heliothis armigera Hübner et H. zea Boddie. Le lot comprenait 8 femelles, vierges ou ayant copulé en présence d'une femelle vierge ou ayant copulé. Les 4 combinaisons possibles de femelles vierges et de femelles ayant copulé ont été examinées avec 12 répétitions pour chaque espèce. Un extrait de l'extrémité de l'abdomen de femelles vierges d'une espèce a été présenté aux femelles de l'autre espèce pour examiner les possibilités de réactions interspécifiques aux phéromones. Pour chaque espèce, les réactions interspécifiques de répulsion entre femelles ont été hautement significatives par rapport aux témoins, à l'exception toutefois des réactions de femelle ayant copulé face à des femelles ayant elles aussi copulé. Les répulsions moyennes chez H. armigera et H. zea pour les 8 femelles de chaque expérience ont été: a) vierges en présence d'une vierge: 7,33 et 7,66; b) vierges en présence d'une femelles ayant copulé: 5,76 et 5,58; c) femelles ayant copulé en présence d'une vierge: 4,67 et 4,83. Les différences sont hautement significatives entre chaque paire de moyennes et entre chaque paire et le lot témoin; 3,17; 3,17; 3,42; 4,00 pour H. armigera; 3,17; 3,50; 2,83 et 3,75 pour H. zea. Les femelles vierges des deux espèces, H. armigera et H. zea ont présenté une réaction de répulsion en présence d'un extrait de l'abdomen de l'autre espèce; les répulsions moyennes étant respectivement 5,53 et 5,33 contre 3,83 et 3,58 pour le lot trémoin. On peut en conclure que ces répulsions doivent entraîner une tendance à la répartition uniforme.
    Notes: Abstract An olfactometer was used to determine the effect of pheromones released by females of the bollworms Heliothis armigera (Hübner) and H. zea (Boddie) on females of the same species. Four combinations of virgin and mated females were tested for repellency of one to the other. Evidence is presented that females of the two bollworms were repelled by females of the same species. In addition, extracts of virgin female abdomens of each species repelled virgin females of the other species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300876
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex attractant for three species of the genusOncocnemis: O. chandleri (Grt.),O. cibalis (Grt.), andO. mackiei (B. & Benj.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 1701-1706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Oncocnemis chandleri ; Oncocnemis cibalis ; Oncocnemis mackiei ; (5E7Z)-5 ; 7-dodecadienyl acetate ; (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate ; sex attractant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Oncocnemis chandleri, O. cibalis, andO. mackiei were attracted to chemically baited traps in the field. In all three cases, (5E,7Z)-dodecadienyl acetate was a key component for attraction. Attraction ofO. chandleri to traps baited with the (5E,7Z)-dodecadienyl acetate was inhibited by addition of (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate.O. cibalis required both (5E,7Z)-dodecadienyl acetate and (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate for attraction. Electroantennogram responses for the three species are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987356
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survivorship of Australian Othreis fullonia on Erythrina variegata: hypotheses for development of host-plant biotypes in the Pacific (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: fruit-piercing moths ; Pacific biotypes ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Fabaceae ; Menispermaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194744
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of visual cues and interaction with host odour during the host-finding behaviour of the cabbage moth (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 91 (1999), S. 59-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Mamestra brassicae ; host-finding behaviour ; visual cues ; host-choice ; interaction ; odour ; volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The approach and landing responses of female Mamestra brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to visual cues from artificial plant leaves of different shapes and presence/absence of cabbage plant odour were investigated in a laboratory wind tunnel. The leaves were painted with cadmium yellow colour and observed under dim red light. Females showed oriented flight towards plant odours but landed significantly more often when the odour was presented with an artificial leaf. In three-choice tests, the shape of the leaf targets (circle, square or triangle) did not influence the female response. However, the size of the target did influence the insect response: the females preferred landing on square targets with sides of 5 or 10 cm rather than on the largest target, with sides of 15 cm. The orientation of the target influenced the insects' response: females landed significantly more often on the target positioned vertically than horizontally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003605125191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of codling moth in organically-managed apple orchards by combining pheromone-mediated mating disruption, post-harvest fruit removal and tree banding (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 83 (1997), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; codling moth ; mating disruption ; Isomate-C ; tree banding ; organic apples ; biological agriculture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An integrated programme of pheromone-mediated mating disruption using Isomate-C®, post-harvest removal of fruit, and trapping overwintering larvae with cardboard tree bands, was used to control codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in four commercial ‘organic’ apple orchards in Cawston, British Columbia during 1989–1992. One application of 1000 dispensers − 1 on May 1 delivered estimated seasonal totals of 16.6, 16.5 and 19.9 g of E,E-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol [=codlemone] − 1in 1990, 1991 and 1992, respectively, at median rates of 8.4, 8.3, and 13.3 mg · 〈 ha−1 · ha−1 during dusk flight periods of first brood and 5.3, 4.7 and 4.6 mg · − 1· ha−1 in second brood, respectively. Over this 3-year period damage from codling moth at harvest ranged from 0.08 to 2.4%, and averaged 60.7% in these four organic orchards, while damage in five conventional orchards receiving sprays of azinphosmethyl ranged from 0.02 to 1.85%, and averaged 0.5%. Damage in an experimental orchard that was banded only, ranged from 43.5 to 56.7%, and averaged 48.9%. Between 1990 and 1992 cumulative male catches in Pherocon 1-CP wing traps baited with 10 mg of codlemone declined by 52% and densities of overwintering codling moth larvae declined an average of 49.5% in all organic orchards. Overwintering populations in the banded experimental orchard showed an increase of 57.7% during this study period. We conclude that an integrated programme of pheromone-mediated mating disruption, post-harvest fruit removal and tree banding, controls codling moth effectively enough to make organic apple production viable in British Columbia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002934116859
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioural and olfactory variations in the leek moth, Acrolepiopsis assectella, after several generations of rearing under diverse conditions (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 86 (1998), S. 305-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: attraction ; Allium ; EAG ; generations ; green leaf volatiles ; Hyponomeutoidea ; Lepidoptera ; leek moth ; walking behaviour ; olfactory responsiveness ; rearing conditions ; sensitivity variations ; sulphur volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three strains of the leek moth, Acrolepiopsis assectella, were compared: two reared on leek leaves (Allium porrum) for which generations 10 to 12 (L) or generation 2 (G2) were used, the third one (D) reared on an artificial diet incorporating leek powder, for which generation ca 140 was examined. The walking behaviour (L and D) and the antennal responsiveness (L, G2 and D) were compared between individuals subjected to leek leaf odour and 4 volatiles identified in these leaves: 2 specific sulphur ones (dipropyl thiosulphinate and dipropyl disulphide) and 2 ‘general green leaf volatiles’ (cis-3-hexen-1-ol and trans-2-hexen-1-ol). The walking behavioural thresholds to leek odour, dipropyl thiosulphinate, and cis-3-hexen-1-ol were lower for L than for D females. The chemoanemotactic responses to dipropyl disulphide are almost identical, and trans-2-hexen-1-ol has nearly no activity. Accordingly, the olfactory sensitivity (assessed by EAG) to sulphur volatiles and cis-3-hexen-1-ol was higher for L and G2 females than for D ones. The threshold for thiosulphinate was at a concentration (v/v) of 4 × 10-4 M/l for D females, 4 × 10-5 M/l for L females and 4 × 10-8 M/l for G2 ones. It may be hypothesised that laboratory rearing conditions cause variations in the thresholds of antennal sensitivity and walking behaviour to specific and more efficient leek volatiles. This may result from the selective pressures experienced by the larvae reared in the laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003164310790
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vive la variance: a functional oviposition theory for insect herbivores (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 91 (1999), S. 187-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: oviposition ; strategy ; catastrophe ; theory ; clutch ; Lepidoptera ; optimization ; dynamic ; bet hedging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We developed state-dependent life-history theory to explain the variance in clutch size decisions made by insect herbivores under a variety of ecological scenarios. An important aspect of our theory is explicit representation of the distribution of host quality and frequency of occurrence. Examination of the theory suggests that clutch size decisions can be highly non-linear with respect to host quality and variability. We then use our theory to explore the potential for bet-hedging strategies to evolve as a function of unpredictable catastrophic events that decimate entire clutches. Our analysis suggests that the benefits to employing such a strategy will frequently be outweighed by costs brought on by delayed oviposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003622703384
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