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  • Adult  (71)
  • Transcription, Genetic  (65)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (136)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2020-2023
  • 1985-1989  (81)
  • 1980-1984  (55)
  • 1970-1974
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (136)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Springer  (2)
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Year
  • 1
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    Cloned viral protein vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease: responses in cattle and swine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: A DNA sequence coding for the immunogenic capsid protein VP3 of foot-and-mouth disease virus A12, prepared from the virion RNA, was ligated to a plasmid designed to express a chimeric protein from the Escherichia coli tryptophan promoter-operator system. When Escherichia coli transformed with this plasmid was grown in tryptophan-depleted media, approximately 17 percent of the total cellular protein was found to be an insoluble and stable chimeric protein. The purified chimeric protein competed equally on a molar basis with VP3 for specific antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus. When inoculated into six cattle and two swine, this protein elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody and protection against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleid, D G -- Yansura, D -- Small, B -- Dowbenko, D -- Moore, D M -- Grubman, M J -- McKercher, P D -- Morgan, D O -- Robertson, B H -- Bachrach, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*prevention & control ; Immunity, Cellular ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/*prevention & control ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Vaccines ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Regulation of leucine metabolism in man: a stable isotope study (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Lymphadenopathy associated virus infection of a blood donor--recipient pair with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: A retrovirus isolated from three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was morphologically and antigenically identical to lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France. Two of these isolates were from a blood donor-recipient pair, each of whom developed AIDS. Lymphadenopathy associated virus was isolated from the blood donor's lymphocytes 12 months after his onset of AIDS symptoms and from the blood recipient's lymphocytes 1 month after her onset of AIDS symptoms. Two isolates from the blood donor-recipient pair and an isolate from an epidemiologically unrelated homosexual man were examined by competitive radioimmunoassay to determine their antigenic relatedness to each other and to other human retroviruses. The major core proteins (p25) of the isolates were antigenically identical and all three isolates were identical to prototype lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feorino, P M -- Kalyanaraman, V S -- Haverkos, H W -- Cabradilla, C D -- Warfield, D T -- Jaffe, H W -- Harrison, A K -- Gottlieb, M S -- Goldfinger, D -- Chermann, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):69-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Retroviridae Infections/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Neuroleptic-induced decrease in plasma homovanillic acid and antipsychotic activity in schizophrenic patients (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Plasma-free homovanillic acid, a major metabolite of dopamine, was measured in chronically ill schizophrenic patients both before and during treatment with the antipsychotic phenothiazine, fluphenazine. Neuroleptic treatment was associated with a significant time-dependent decrease in plasma homovanillic acid from pretreatment values, which were significantly elevated when compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Further, both the absolute concentrations as well as the neuroleptic-induced reductions in plasma homovanillic acid determined over 5 weeks of neuroleptic treatment were statistically significantly correlated with ratings of psychosis and improvement in psychosis, respectively. These findings suggest that the delayed effects of neuroleptic agents on presynaptic dopamine activity may more closely parallel their therapeutic actions than do their immediate effects in blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors and that a decrease in dopamine "turnover" may be responsible for their antipsychotic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickar, D -- Labarca, R -- Linnoila, M -- Roy, A -- Hommer, D -- Everett, D -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):954-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Fluphenazine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Homovanillic Acid/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Phenylacetates/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood/*drug therapy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Sex and handedness differences in cerebral blood flow during rest and cognitive activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: Cognitive activity resulted in increased flow of blood to the cerebral hemispheres. The increase was greater to the left hemisphere for a verbal task and greater to the right hemisphere for a spatial task. The direction and degree of hemispheric flow asymmetry were influenced by sex and handedness, females having a higher rate of blood flow per unit weight of brain, and females and left-handers having a greater percentage of fast-clearing tissue, presumably gray matter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gur, R C -- Gur, R E -- Obrist, W D -- Hungerbuhler, J P -- Younkin, D -- Rosen, A D -- Skolnick, B E -- Reivich, M -- MH 30456/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-10939-09/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; *Cognition ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Rest ; *Sex Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Atrial natriuretic peptide elevation in congestive heart failure in the human (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-07
    Description: A sensitive radioimmunoassay for atrial natriuretic peptide was used to examine the relation between circulating atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac filling pressure in normal human subjects, in patients with cardiovascular disease and normal cardiac filling pressure, and in patients with cardiovascular disease and elevated cardiac filling pressure with and without congestive heart failure. The present studies establish a normal range for atrial natriuretic peptide in normal human subjects. These studies also establish that elevated cardiac filling pressure is associated with increased circulating concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide and that congestive heart failure is not characterized by a deficiency in atrial natriuretic peptide, but with its elevation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burnett, J C Jr -- Kao, P C -- Hu, D C -- Heser, D W -- Heublein, D -- Granger, J P -- Opgenorth, T J -- Reeder, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1145-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2935937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases/blood ; Female ; Heart Failure/*blood ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Mapping human brain monoamine oxidase A and B with 11C-labeled suicide inactivators and PET (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-23
    Description: The regional distributions of monoamine oxidase (MAO) types A and B have been identified in human brain in vivo with intravenously injected 11C-labeled suicide enzyme inactivators, clorgyline and L-deprenyl, and positron emission tomography. The rapid brain uptake and retention of radioactivity for both 11C tracers indicated irreversible trapping. The anatomical distribution of 11C paralleled the distribution of MAO A and MAO B in human brain in autopsy material. The corpus striatum, thalamus, and brainstem contained high MAO activity. The magnitudes of uptake of both [11C]clorgyline and L-[11C]deprenyl were markedly reduced in one subject treated with the antidepressant MAO inhibitor phenelzine. A comparison of the brain uptake and retention of the 11C-labeled inactive (D-) and active (L-) enantiomers of deprenyl showed rapid clearance of the inactive enantiomer and retention of the active enantiomer within MAO B-rich brain structures, in agreement with the known stereoselectivity of MAO B for L-deprenyl. Prior treatment with unlabeled L-deprenyl prevented retention of L-[11C]deprenyl. Thus, suicide enzyme inactivators labeled with positron emitters can be used to quantitate the distribution and kinetic characteristics of MAO in human brain structures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fowler, J S -- MacGregor, R R -- Wolf, A P -- Arnett, C D -- Dewey, S L -- Schlyer, D -- Christman, D -- Logan, J -- Smith, M -- Sachs, H -- NS-15638/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 23;235(4787):481-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3099392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain/*enzymology ; Brain Stem/enzymology ; Cerebral Cortex/enzymology ; Clorgyline ; Corpus Striatum/enzymology ; Humans ; Monoamine Oxidase/*metabolism ; Selegiline ; Thalamus/enzymology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Germline organization of the murine T cell receptor beta-chain genes (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: The complete germline organization of the beta-chain genes of the murine T cell receptor was elucidated in order to obtain the structural basis for understanding the mechanisms of somatic DNA rearrangements. Twenty of the 22 known variable (V beta) genes are clustered within 250 kilobases of DNA 5' to the constant region (C beta) genes. These V beta genes share the same transcriptional orientation as the diversity (D beta), joining (J beta), and C beta genes, which implies that chromosomal deletion is the mechanism for most V beta to D beta-J beta rearrangements. Within this V beta cluster, the distance between the most proximal V beta gene and the D beta-J beta-C beta cluster is 320 kilobases, as determined by field-inversion gel electrophoresis. The large distance between V beta and D beta, relative to that between D beta and J beta, may have significant implications for the ordered rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta-chain genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, H S -- Nelson, C A -- Godambe, S A -- Chaplin, D D -- Loh, D Y -- GM07067/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):545-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2821625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Electrophoresis ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Alternative mechanisms for activation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer in T cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-11
    Description: The expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after T cell activation is regulated by NF-kappa B, an inducible DNA-binding protein that stimulates transcription. Proteins encoded by a variety of DNA viruses are also able to activate expression from the HIV enhancer. To determine how this activation occurs, specific genes from herpes simplex virus type 1 and adenovirus that activate HIV in T lymphoma cells have been identified. The cis-acting regulatory sequences in the HIV enhancer that mediate their effect have also been characterized. The relevant genes are those for ICP0-an immediate-early product of herpes simplex virus type 1-and the form of E1A encoded by the 13S messenger RNA of adenovirus. Activation of HIV by adenovirus E1A was found to depend on the TATA box, whereas herpesvirus ICP0 did not work through a single defined cis-acting element. These findings suggest multiple pathways that can be used to bypass normal cellular activation of HIV, and they raise the possibility that infection by herpes simplex virus or adenovirus may directly contribute to the activation of HIV in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome by mechanisms independent of antigenic stimulation in T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nabel, G J -- Rice, S A -- Knipe, D M -- Baltimore, D -- AI20530/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32GM11224/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1299-302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2830675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/genetics ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; HIV/*genetics/growth & development ; Humans ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Plasmids ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virus Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Seroprevalence and epidemiological correlates of HTLV-I infection in U.S. blood donors (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-29
    Description: Screening for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibodies was performed on sera from 39,898 blood donors at eight blood centers in geographically distinct areas of the United States. Ten donors (0.025 percent) showed evidence of HTLV-I seropositivity by enzyme immunoassays; this was confirmed by protein immunoblot and radioimmunoprecipitation. Seroprevalence rates ranged from 0 to 0.10 percent at the locations sampled, with HTLV-I antibodies found predominantly in donors from the southeastern and southwestern United States. Matched case-control interviews and laboratory studies were performed on five seropositive women and two seropositive men who participated in an identity-linked collection of sera from a subset of 33,893 donors at six of the eight blood centers. Four of the women and both men are black; one woman is Caucasian. Four of the seven seropositive individuals admitted to prior intravenous drug abuse or sexual contact with an intravenous drug user. Sexual contact with native inhabitants of an HTLV-I endemic area was the only identified risk factor for one male. The distribution of HTLV-I antibodies in this U.S. blood donor sample corroborates the previously reported epidemiology of this agent and suggests that additional donor screening measures, including the testing of donated blood for HTLV-I markers, may be necessary to prevent the spread of HTLV-I to transfusion recipients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, A E -- Fang, C T -- Slamon, D J -- Poiesz, B J -- Sandler, S G -- Darr, W F 2nd -- Shulman, G -- McGowan, E I -- Douglas, D K -- Bowman, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 29;240(4852):643-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉American Red Cross Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2896386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; *Blood Donors ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Deltaretrovirus Infections/diagnosis/*epidemiology/transmission ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Japan ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Partners ; Substance-Related Disorders ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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