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  • Chemistry  (17)
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • 2020-2022  (17)
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  • 1
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    Fatty acid composition, chemical composition and processing yield of traditional hot smoked common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22953 | 18721 | 2018-06-07 19:14:36 | 22953 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: The main objective of this study was to describe the proper technological process of hot smoking of common carp as well as to determine the yield of the final product and also proximate and fatty acid composition of hot-smoked common carp meat. The average yield of smoked common carp was 82.19% based on weight of eviscerated and descaled fish or 47% based on weight of live fish. The smoking process reduced moisture content by 19% and increased protein by 35% and lipid by 28%. Increase of cholesterol level from 50 to 51.93% during the smoking process was not statistically significant. Unsaturated fatty acid content was found to be higher in smoked than in raw common carp, mainly due to the increase in the contents of both monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These values were higher compared to those of saturated fatty acids which were almost the same in raw (25.38%) and in smoked (25.5%) carp. Furthermore, n-3 content was not affected by the smoking process and the n-3/n-6 ratio. The results of the present research indicate that hot smoking process affects the chemical and fatty acid composition of traditionally hot smoked common carp.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Common carp ; Fatty acids ; Manufacturing ; Yield ; Proximate composition ; Fish processing ; Serbia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1293-1306
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  • 2
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    Nitrification in marine ecosystems [Translation from: Rapp.Naturvardsverket SNVPM No.1213, 157-166, 1980] (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Windermere, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/4964 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:39:04 | 4964 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: The nitrification in the ocean is influenced by several environmental factors and the importance of these is more or less known. There are very likely many more to be discovered in the study of the interaction of nitrification bacteria and other micro-organisms in the ocean. Some of the factors to be considered will briefly be dealt with in this paper. Then the authors give the results of an incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea and from a detailed study in Gullmarn.
    Description: Translated from Swedish into English
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Oceanography ; Marine ecology ; Nitrification ; Experimental research ; Sediment analysis ; Bacteria ; Carbon fixation ; Nitrosococcus oceanus ; Nitrococcus mobilis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Rapid δ18O and δ13C isotopic shifts in late Pleistocene marine varves on the California margin (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15568 | 8 | 2014-11-06 00:55:50 | 15568
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Upper Pleistocene sediments on the continental slope off Northern California contain alternations of varves and bioturbation produced by fluctuations in intensity of the coastal upwelling system. Stable isotopic analyses of benthic Foraminifera across a particularly well developed varve/bioturbation sequence deposited ~26,000 years ago reveal rapid shifts of ~0.25‰ in δ18O and ~0.4‰ in δ13C. The δ18O shift occurs within a varved section. Based on varve counts, the isotopic change occurred in less than 100 years. Timing and magnitude of the shift coincide with similar shifts observed in almost all other high-resolution δ18O records that have been interpreted as primarily representing global in-volume fluctuations.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Earth Sciences ; Oceanography ; PACLIM
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 83-86
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  • 4
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    The effect of dietary nucleotide on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) juveniles (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22075 | 18721 | 2018-02-01 09:43:43 | 22075 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This study was aimed to examine the impact of different levels of dietary nucleotides (Vannagen) on serum biochemical and blood parameters of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus). Fish (42.37± 2.12 g and 23.67± 0.61 cm) were divided into four treatments with different levels of dietary nucleotides (0, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.5 percent of diet). There were three replicates with a density of 12 fish per tank. After 10 weeks of feeding, serum biochemical and blood parameters were measured. Among the measured factors, blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, erythrocyte and heterophil showed significant differences between the groups fed with nucleotides and the control group (P ≤ 0.05). By increasing the nucleotide levels, the mean heterophil and serum glucose showed significant increase and decrease, respectively. The highest and lowest values of cholesterol and triglyceride were found in groups fed with 0.25% and 0.35% nucleotides, respectively. The other measured factors had no significant difference (P≤0.05). Therefore, it could be said that with regard to the limited capacity of cells to synthesize nucleotides, external preparing of nucleotides could result in the production of needed nucleotides and an increase of its production speed, especially during stress. Such preparation can also improve fish physiology and health status.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Nucleotides ; Blood factors ; Serum Biochemical Parameters ; Persian sturgeon ; Acipenser persicus ; Juveniles ; Dietary ; Haematological ; Biochemical ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 179-190
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  • 5
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    Effect of cryopreservation on lipid composition and antioxidant enzyme activity of seabass (Lates calcarifer) sperm (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22856 | 18721 | 2018-05-30 19:16:54 | 22856 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Cryopreservation of seabass (Lates calcarifer) semen is an approach to increase the quantity and quality of seabass fry in aquaculture. However, cold shock can induce sperm injury leading to structural damage of the plasma membrane and loss of motility. Thus, the effect of cryopreservation on fatty acid composition and antioxidant enzyme activities of seabass sperm was determined. In cryopreserved spermatozoa, the proportion of C16:0 was significantly increased (p=0.05), while the proportion of C23:0, C22:6 n3, C22:5 n6, and C18:1n9t decreased significantly after freeze-thawing compared with that in fresh semen (p≤0.05). The relative content of saturated fatty acids significantly increased (p〈0.05) but that of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased (p=0.05) in cryopreserved spermatozoa. Consequently, the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acid was greatly decreased in frozen sperm (p〈0.05). Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in frozen-thawed sperm increased significantly while activity of catalase did not differ at p〉0.05. Malondialdehyde levels increased after cryopreservation compared to fresh semen (p=0.05). These results indicated that an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in cryopreserved spermatozoa did not efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species leading to an increase in lipid peroxidation, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids and finally irreversible loss of sperm motility.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Lates calcarifer ; Sperm ; Cryopreservation ; Fatty acid composition ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Biochemistry ; Thailand
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 157-169
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  • 6
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    Study on effects of Beta-glucan & extraction of Sargassum & Padina algae in prevention and treatment of WSD in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25179 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:23:17 | 25179 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study two species of algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergeseni that found plenteously in Persian Gulf and Bushehr coast, were collected and hot water extracts of them were lyophilized. F. indicus (11.32±1.20 g), after two weeks adaptation in Shoghab research station were immersed in seawater (39 ppt and 25±1 ○C) containing hot-water extract of each brown algae, S.glaucescens and P.boergeseni, at 100, 300 and 500 mg/l concentration, Survival rate and immunological parameters (total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP), Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity) were examined. In addition effect of dietary administration of beta 1, 3 1, 6 glucan on prevention of White Spot Disease and immunological parameters of shrimp were investigated. According to results, immersion in seawater containing 300 and 500 mg/l concentration of algal hot-water extract after 2 and 3 hours or oral administration of beta 1,3 1,6 glucan at level of 10 g/kg diet for 14 days significantly enhanced THC, TPP, Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity. Immersion in seawater containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/l hot-water extract of S.glaucescens after 3 hours, improved the survival rate of WSSV-infected F. indicus.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Beta-glucan ; Sargassum ; Padina algae ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Species ; Algae ; Brown Algae ; S.glaucescens ; P.boergeseni ; Survival rate ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 57
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  • 7
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    Measurement and comparison of Iron levels and hazard quotient (HQ) on muscle of farmed and marine fishes from Khuzestan, south west of Iran (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22169 | 18721 | 2018-02-16 16:59:19 | 22169 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-29
    Description: The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of iron and Hazard quotient (HQ) in muscle of four marine fishes, orange - spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), yellow fin sea bream (Acanthopagrus latus), tongue fishes (Cynoglossus arel), silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) and farmed carp fish, common carp(Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), big head carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) from Khuzestan. Farmed fish sample was prepared from the Azadegan warm water fish culture center and marine fish was prepared from fishing ports Bahrkan, Abadan and Bandar Emam. Iron concentration measured by wet digestion and atomic absorption spectrometer Perkin Elmer 4100.The results showed the average of iron level in farmed fish was 17.08± 1.21 mg/kg dry weight and in marine fish was 10.68± 3.66 mg/kg dry weight (p〈0.05).The results showed that the highest iron concentrations between farmed fish muscle was on big head carp equal to 18.16mg/kg dry weight and was significantly different (p〈0.05) with grass carp and the highest iron concentrations between marine fish muscle was onTongue fishequal to 15.50± 0.50mg/kg dry weight and was significantly different (p〈0.05). Average hazard quotient in farmed fish was HQ=0.61and in marine fish was HQ =0.38. Hazard quotientin marine fish were in tongue fish HQ=0.55, yellow fin sea breamHQ =0. 3, Orange - spotted grouper HQ= 0.26 and silver pomfret HQ =0.41 and Hazard quotient in fish were in big head HQ=0.65, common carp HQ =0.63 grass carp HQ= 0.55and silver carp HQ =0.61. Hazard quotient in all samples was less than one and so fish nutrition no risk in terms of the amount of iron in the human body.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Iron ; Marine fish ; Farmed fish ; Hazard quotient ; Khuzestan ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-10
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  • 8
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    Lecithin effects on blood biochemical parameters and resistance to thermal stress in juvenile of Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Cyprinidae family) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22965 | 18721 | 2018-06-08 20:04:33 | 22965 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Description: In this study, the effects of dietary chicken egg lecithin on some blood biochemical factors of Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi juveniles and resistance to thermal shock was investigated. Juveniles with initial average weight of 3.10±0.17 were stocked in 12 fiberglass tanks. Four isolipidic and isonitrogenic diets containing 0% (control), 2%, 4% and 6% chicken egg lecithin were used to feed the fish 3 times per day to satiation during 90 days. Total protein, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and albumin levels were significantly higher (p〈0.05) in juveniles fed 6% lecithin compared to the control diet. The triglyceride level was also significantly decreased (p 〈0.05) in juveniles fed 4% and 6% lecithin compared to that of control group. No significant differences (p〉0.05) in globulin and the ratio of albumin to globulin were found in dietary treatments. The thermal stress showed that survival rate of juveniles fed different levels of dietary chicken egg lecithin was higher than control group (p〈0.05). The results indicated that administration 4 to 6% of chicken egg lecithin in diets of juvenile M. sharpeyi have positive effects on promoting health status and resistance to thermal shock.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Lecithin ; Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi ; Blood parameters ; Thermal stress ; Survival ; aquaculture ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1455-1464
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  • 9
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    Effect of nicin z on some of spoilage chemical and bacterial properties in surimi of kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) stored in 4°C (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22014 | 18721 | 2018-01-22 11:16:38 | 22014 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: The effect of antibacterial and antioxidant of nicin z in two forms (free and encapsulated) was investigated on Total Viable Count (TVC) , Psychrotrophic Counts (PTC) , Peroxide Value (PV) , Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and Total volatile nitrogen (TVN) in zero, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days of storage.Two concentrations (700IU/gr ,1000IU/gr) of free and encapsulated nicin in liposome (by spray-dried method) were added as spray on surimi of kilka and one treatment was selected as a control. The results showed that change of chemical and bacterial parameters in treatment of encapsulated nicin was lower than free nicin and control treatments. Concentration of 1000IU/gr of nicin was better than results of other treatments. The shelf life of surimi of kilka in control, free and encapsulated nicin treatments for bacterial results were 9,12 , 15 days, respectively, and for TBA , TVN and PV were 6 , 15 and at least 15 days, respectively. The conclusion was that encapsulated nicin in liposome improved shelf life of surimi of kilka.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Free nicin ; Encapsulated nicin ; surim ; kilka ; Fish ; Clupeonella cultriventris caspia ; chemical ; bacterial ; Psychrotrophic ; surimi ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 41-56
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  • 10
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    Evaluation of pre-clinical safety and toxicology of Althaea officinalis extracts as naturopathic medicine for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22897 | 18721 | 2018-06-05 22:17:45 | 22897 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: The current study was done to investigate the preclinical safety and toxicology of Althaea officinalis extract as naturopathic medicine in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Specimens were treated with 0 (control), 2.5, 5 and 10 g of marshmallow extract for 45 days. Plasma biochemical parameters were measured after 15 and 45 days. Total protein, albumin and globulin levels (p〈0.05) were significantly higher in the fish fed with 10 g A. officinalis extract than that in control groups on day 45. Although, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities significantly decreased (p〈0.05) in fish fed with A. officinalis extract on day 15. The use of the A. officinalis extract (10 g) led to a significant increase in AST, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ALP activities and cholesterol levels on day 45 (p〈0.05) and a significant decrease in plasma glucose and cholesterol levels on day 15 (p〈0.05). There was no significant difference in glucose levels and creatine kinase (CK) activity between all treatments and the control group on day 45 (p〉0.05). During the experimental period, triglyceride levels noticeably decreased in fish fed with 2.5 g of A. officinalis extract (p〈0.05). Although, administration of marshmallow extract up to 5 g per kg of feed did not show any side effect on fishes, the use of the A. officinalis extract (10 g) led to cytotoxicity and modifications in blood biochemical parameters of fish. Therefore, we recommend the use of the lower concentrations than 10 g A. officinalis extract in prospective clinical studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Biochemical parameters ; Common carp ; Marshmallow ; Medicinal plants ; pre-clinical study ; Toxicology ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 613-629
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