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  • 1
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    Efficient coupling of photonic crystal microcavity modes to a ridge waveguide (2007)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-07
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 2
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    Effects of micro-plastic particles on paraquat toxicity to common carp (Cyprinus carpio): biochemical changes (2016)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-26
    Print ISSN: 1735-1472
    Electronic ISSN: 1735-2630
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Evaluation of pre-clinical safety and toxicology of Althaea officinalis extracts as naturopathic medicine for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The current study was done to investigate the preclinical safety and toxicology of Althaea officinalis extract as naturopathic medicine in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Specimens were treated with 0 (control), 2.5, 5 and 10 g of marshmallow extract for 45 days. Plasma biochemical parameters were measured after 15 and 45 days. Total protein, albumin and globulin levels (p〈0.05) were significantly higher in the fish fed with 10 g A. officinalis extract than that in control groups on day 45. Although, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities significantly decreased (p〈0.05) in fish fed with A. officinalis extract on day 15. The use of the A. officinalis extract (10 g) led to a significant increase in AST, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ALP activities and cholesterol levels on day 45 (p〈0.05) and a significant decrease in plasma glucose and cholesterol levels on day 15 (p〈0.05). There was no significant difference in glucose levels and creatine kinase (CK) activity between all treatments and the control group on day 45 (p〉0.05). During the experimental period, triglyceride levels noticeably decreased in fish fed with 2.5 g of A. officinalis extract (p〈0.05). Although, administration of marshmallow extract up to 5 g per kg of feed did not show any side effect on fishes, the use of the A. officinalis extract (10 g) led to cytotoxicity and modifications in blood biochemical parameters of fish. Therefore, we recommend the use of the lower concentrations than 10 g A. officinalis extract in prospective clinical studies.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Toxicology ; Althaea officinalis ; Cyprinus carpio ; Biochemical parameters ; Common carp ; Marshmallow ; Medicinal plants ; pre-clinical study ; Evaluation ; Toxicology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.613-629
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  • 4
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    Effects of dietary exposure to aflatoxins on some plasma biochemical indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Aflatoxins are a group of secondary fungal metabolites that occur widely as natural contaminants of many feeds under high humidity and temperature, and are potentially dangerous to fish. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of aflatoxins on some plasma biochemical indices, as clinical biomarkers, in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish were fed diets contaminated with 0 (control), 0.5, 0.7 and 1.4 mg aflatoxins per kg feed for 3 weeks. No significant changes (p〉0.05) were observed in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in plasma of fish. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, total protein and globulin levels in fish fed aflatoxins showed a significant (p〈0.05) decrease; however, plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and creatinine levels were significantly higher (p〈 0.05) than in the control group. The results showed that administration of 0.70 and 1.40 mg kg-1 of aflatoxins in fish significantly (p〈0.05) increased albumin levels. The results of this study show that diets containing certain concentrations of aflatoxins (0.5, 0.7 and 1.4 mg kg-1 feed) caused serious toxic effects, including changes in plasma biochemical indices.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aflatoxins ; Common carp ; Biochemical indices ; Aflatoxicosis ; Cyprinus carpio ; Diet
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.487-502
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  • 5
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    Blood biochemical changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) upon co-exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and paraquat (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Research on eliminating organic pollutants in water by using heterogeneous photocatalysts such as nano-TiO_2 abound. However, the question is whether metabolites, resulting from optical dispersion of environmental pollutants, are still toxic to aquatic organisms. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of a coexposure to paraquat and TiO_2-NPs on blood biochemical indices of common carp. Fish were exposed to 0.2 and 0.4 mg L^-1 paraquat with 0.125 mg L^-1 TiO_2-NPs for 21 days under different light conditions, including natural photoperiod (16 L 8h^-1 D) and complete darkness. No significant alterations in the Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), activities and total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in fish exposed to TiO_2-NPs and 0.2 mg L^-1 paraquat under normal lighting conditions. However, a significant change in blood biochemical indices in fish exposed to TiO2-NPs with 0.4 mg L^-1 paraquat (16 L 8h^-1 D) and in fish exposed to TiO_2-NPs and paraquat (under darkness). A significant decrease in the activity of Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and a significant increase in creatinine level were observed in all groups which were exposed to TiO_2-NPs and paraquat. The results of this study indicate that using 0.125 mg L^-1 nano-TiO2 in order to remove paraquat (0.2 mg L^-1 ) under lighting conditions can minimize the adverse effects of paraquat and its metabolites on blood biochemical indices of fish. So, using nano-TiO_2 (0.125 mg L^-1 ) to remove paraquat under lighting conditions can significantly reduce its toxic effects.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Biochemical ; Biochemical parameters ; Paraquat ; TiO2 ; Photocatalyst ; Blood
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.242-255
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  • 6
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    Effects of selenium (Sel-Plex) supplement on blood biochemical parameters of juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Selenium (Se) and many of its compounds are among the most toxic micronutrients. Therefore, determining the optimal level of selenium in the diet of fish is one of the main concerns of researchers. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Sel-Plex® (Selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) on blood biochemical parameters in juvenile Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii, as clinical biomarkers to evaluate the effects of selenium on the health of fish. In this study, fish were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 g Sel-Plex per Kg feed for 8 weeks. Although a significant (p〈0.05) decrease was observed in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity in fish fed with 15 g Sel-Plex supplement, plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were significantly higher (p〈0.05) than the control fish. The results showed that administration of 10 and 15 g Sel-Plex supplement in fish significantly (p〈0.05) increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities. Administration of Sel-Plex significantly (p〈0.05) decreased glucose, albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. The results revealed that Sel-Plex significantly increased (p〈0.05) globulin concentrations in the supplemented groups compared with the control group. Decreased total protein concentrations were only observed in fish fed with 5 g Sel-Plex. The results of this study show that diets containing high concentrations of Sel-Plex (10 g and 15 g) produced serious toxic effects, including changes in blood biochemical parameters.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Siberian Sturgeon ; Biochemical parameters ; Selenomethionine ; Sel-Plex supplement ; Blood ; Juveniles ; Acipenser baerii ; Plasma
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.300-312
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  • 7
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    Effects of dietary Sel-Plex supplement on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Selenium is one of the most essential trace elements in fishes. Therefore, determining the optimal level of selenium in the fish diet is one of the main concerns of researchers. This study investigated the effects of Sel-Plex (Selenium yeast) supplement on the hematological parameters and immunological parameters, and growth performance in Siberian Sturgeon, Acipenser baerii. The Siberian Sturgeon fed with diets supplemented with 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 g kg-1 Sel-Plex feed for 8 weeks. Growth performance, hematological parameters, total immunoglobulin, alternative complement activity (ACH50), C3 and C4 levels and lysozyme activity were measured at the end of the experiment. No significant differences have been observed (p〉0.05) in weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and condition factors (CF) in the fish fed with different concentrations of Sel-Plex supplement when compared with the control group. The results showed that administration of 10 g Sel-Plex in this fish significantly increased erythrocyte, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit value, leukocytes, and lymphocytes counts. However, neutrophils of fish administrated with 10 and 15 g dietary Sel-Plex significantly decreased. The results revealed that Sel-Plex significantly increased total immunoglobulin, ACH50, C3, and lysozyme activities in the supplemented groups compared with the control. Plasma C4 levels in the fish fed with 5 and 15 g Sel-Plex were significantly higher than the control fish. The results of this study suggest that dietary Sel-Plex supplement at levels ≤15 g kg-1 diet increased some hematological indices and improved the innate immune parameters of the Siberian Sturgeon, without affecting their growth performance.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Acipenser baerii ; Fish ; Growth performance ; Immune system ; Hematology ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.Effects of dietary Sel-Plex supplement on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869)
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  • 8
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    Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of Euphorbia turcomanica extract on some liver biochemical parameters of Zebra Aphanius (Aphanius dispar) (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In the present study, effects of sub-lethal concentrations of Euphorbia turcomanica extract with ranging from 0.00, 0.0055 (5% of LC50), 0.011 (10% of LC50) and 0.022 (20% of LC50) g/lit were investigated over 30 days on biochemical parameters of Zebra Aphanius (Aphanius dispar). The average (±SE) 24, 48, 72 and 96 LC50 rates of E. turcomanica on fish were 0.28±0.14, 0.19±0.06, 0.14±0.03 and 0.11±0.02 g/lit, respectively. The biochemical parameters including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CK), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the liver tissue were measured after 15 and 30 days. Significant changes in AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and CK activities were observed in fish exposed to different concentrations of E. turcomanica extract when compared with control group. The significant increase was determined in AST, LDH and ALP while in ALT and CK, significant decrease was revealed. Also in liver total protein, a significant descending trend related to exposure time was demonstrated. In conclusion, the findings from this study provide basic information about toxicity of E. turcomanica extract on Zabra Aphanius, as well as developing guidelines for evaluating the effects of administration of E. turcomanica derivatives in water.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aphanius dispar ; Euphorbia turcomanica ; Sub-lethal concentration ; Hepatic ٍEnzymes ; Parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.17-48
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  • 9
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    Histopathological study as bio-indicators for evaluation of water quality in rainbow trout fish farms along the Baram Springs of Lordegan (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes in gills, spleen, liver, kidney and intestine of farmed rainbow trout in four different stations along with Barm Spring (Lordegan, Iran). In this study, at least 15 fish from each farm were captured and following autopsy, sampling was carried out from the gills, liver, spleen and intestine of fish. After tissue sectioning, samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Tissues were studied with a 400X magnification. Gill lamella stick together, gill hyperplasia, exfoliation of gill epithelium, epithelial necrosis and hypertrophy and swelling of gill lamellae, hypertrophy and liver fat degeneration, glomerular and collecting duct of urine degeneration, increase in the lumen space, shrinking the glomerular as well as an increase in melanomacrophage centers (MMC), disorganization of ellipsoids in the spleen, necrosis of epithelial cells, exfoliation of the mucous layer of intestine were the major histopathological alterations observed in the fourth (less than 20% of the group) and the third (a few of fish) group. The results of this study showed that these alterations may be due to an increase in the chemicals in downstream water. Therefore, these histopathological changes could be used as an appropriate biomarker to water quality monitoring.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Histopathology ; Water quality ; Biomarker ; Rainbow trout ; Evaluation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.131-138
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  • 10
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    Protective effects of vitamin C and chitosan on blood biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to paraquat (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of vitamin C and chitosan on blood biochemical parameters of common carp which are exposed to paraquat. Fish were fed enriched diet with chitosan (1000 mg Kg-1 feed), Vitamin C (1000 mg Kg-1 feed) and vitamin C combined with chitosan and were simultaneously exposed to 0.02 mg L-1 paraquat for 21 days. The results of this study showed that paraquat significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, and significantly increased glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and creatinine levels as compared with control group (p〈0.05); However, paraquat decreased (p〈0.05) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities and total protein and globulin levels. Paraquat had not effect on plasma albumin levels Compared with the control group (p〉0.05). Although administration of vitamin C or chitosan (alone) prevented changes in certain blood biochemical parameters in fish exposed to paraquat, the results showed that antioxidant properties of vitamin C are more than chitosan. However, administration of vitamin C and chitosan complex may prevent oxidative stress and inhibit changes in blood biochemical parameters in fish exposed to paraquat.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Protective ; Chitosan ; Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Paraquat ; Oxidative stress ; Vitamin C ; Blood ; Biochemical ; Parameters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.181-198
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