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  • Coleoptera  (25)
  • NDE  (21)
  • Springer  (46)
  • 2020-2022
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984  (46)
  • 1965-1969
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  • Springer  (46)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecdysteroids during pupal development of female Xyleborus ferrugineus (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Xyleborus ferrugineus ; pupae ; ecdysteroids ; pharate adult ; radioimmunoassay ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Ecdysteroidtiter weiblicher Puppen von Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) wurde geschätzt, indem ganze Tiere homogenisiert und radioimmunologisch untersucht wurden. Ein ausgeprägtes Maximum an Ecdysteroiden wurde bei 36 Stunden Puppenent-wicklung beobachtet (743 pg/mg Körpergewicht). Der Titer nahm ab auf 299 pg/mg im Pharatstadium und auf 193 pg/mg unmittelbar vor Schlüpfen der Adulten. Qualitative Studien mit HPLC ergaben in frischen Puppen ein Verhältnis von 3:1 Ecdyson zu 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Pharatstadien enthielten vor allem 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Das beobachtete einzige Maximum im Titer stimmt überein mit den Resultaten bei andern untersuchten Coleopteren.
    Notes: Abstract Ecdysteroid titers were estimated on the whole body homogenates of Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) female pupae during development by radioimmunoassay. A distinct peak of ecdysteroids was observed at 36-hr pupal development (743 pg/mg body wt). Titer declined to 299 pg/mg by the pharate adult stage and to 193 pg/mg body wt just before adult emergence. Qualitative studies by HPLC revealed a ratio of 3:1 ecdysone to 20-hydroxyecdysone in the initial pupal stage. Pharate adults had mainly 20-hydroxyecdysone. The observed single peak in ecdysteroid titer agrees with findings in other studied coleopteran species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300880
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of skin depth on crack measurement by the ac field technique (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 3 (1982), S. 65-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: crack measurement ; ac field technique ; arbitrary skin depth ; NDE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A general solution is given to describe the ac field around surface-breaking cracks for arbitrary values of the ratio of skin depth δ to crack depthd. This solution allows accurate interpretation of crack depth from voltage readings taken by a Crack Microgauge instrument in cases where δ andd are comparable. It is shown to agree with asymptotic formulae obtained for the cases where δ/d is very small and very large. Provided that the probe length Δ is large compared with δ, the calculations show that a very good approximation to the crack depth may be obtained, irrespective of the ratio δ/d, by using the thin-skin asymptotic formula $$d = \frac{1}{2}\Delta (V_2 - V_1 )/V_1 $$ whereV 1 andV 2 are probe voltages registered at positions just off and across the crack, respectively. The problem is solved for a crack of infinite aspect ratio which has no opening, but it can be applied with confidence at the centerline of cracks of fairly large aspect ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568962
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic reflection from a stressed interface (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 4 (1984), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Ultrasonic ; stress measurements ; interfacial stress ; NiTi ; NDE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In seeking to develop an NDE technique for verifying the serviceability of NiTi couplers for plumbing unions, it was found that the reflection coefficient for a normally incident ultrasonic wave correlated with the stress level at the NiTi-tubing interface. Current theory pertaining to interface reflection is not complete but, even at present status, there is semiquantitative accord between theoretical predictions and normalized data for reflection coefficient versus stress level. These results are at fixed frequency and with comparable surface roughness. Variation of either frequency or surface roughness further affects the reflection coefficient. Current studies are being pursued to define this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00711095
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parasitic voltages induced by artificial flaws when measured using the ac field technique (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 2 (1981), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: ac potential difference ; fatigue crack measurement ; slots ; artificial flaws ; parasitic voltages ; NDE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The development of a successful and accurate instrument for measuring surface-breaking cracks in metals using the ac field technique has raised several interesting theoretical problems. Measurements with the instrument, known as the Crack Microgauge, do not rely on any prior calibration against an artificial flaw such as a saw-cut in a test block, but some users accustomed to such a calibration from other devices have nevertheless wished to use the instrument in that fashion and have in some instances reported erroneous results. In this paper, we develop a simple theory to explain and quantify this phenomenon. We calculate the parasitic voltages induced in the instrument probe due to the finite opening possessed by an artificial flaw, and we use these results to reinterpret the instrument readings. Controlled experimental measurements on artificial flaws of rectangular cross-section made in aluminum and in steel are found to be in good agreement with the theory. It is shown, however, that application of the theory requires additional information about the internal phase shift associated with the instrument. To enhance the accuracy of the theory, the effect of the corners of the artificial flaws was also considered, although it was not very influential in this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00570731
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic measurements of stress fields and microstructure (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 1 (1980), S. 67-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: stress fields ; microstructure ; J integral ; stress intensity factor ; harness acoustic velocity ; acoustic elasticity ; NDE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A very precise system for measuring two-dimensional velocity fields in solid samples has been used for nondestructive measurements of both externally applied and residual inhomogeneous stresses in solids,J integrals, stress intensity factors of cracks, and hardness of quenched steel. The longitudinal velocity measurement is based on precise determination of the propagation transit time through the stressed solid specimen using a small diameter, water-coupled acoutic transducer, which is scanned mechanically over the sample. Changes in velocity are then related to changes of stress in the sample by the theory of acoustoelasticity. Similar measurements show a high degree of correlation between longitudinal velocity changes and changes in microstructure in steel samples. Applications to problems of solid mechanics and material science illustrate the utility of this nondestructive measuring technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00566232
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance testing of cast iron (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 2 (1981), S. 65-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: NDE ; cast iron ; vibration analysis ; modulus ; strength
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An outline is given of the existing nondestructive vibration tests for cast irons and their drawbacks in terms of the dimensional accuracy of the components. A proposal is made for a new test based on the change of resonant frequency with vibration amplitude exhibited by cast irons. This proposal is evaluated using material data obtained from dynamic tests of a wide range of cast iron specimens. A test rig is described suitable for testing cylindrical cast bars, and typical results are presented in relation to material strength. There is also a brief description of preliminary testing on cast products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614999
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defensive adaptations of eggs and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 453-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Defensive secretions ; oleic acid ; hydrocarbons ; terpenoids ; eggs ; deterrents ; ants ; predation ; Chrysomelidae ; Coleoptera ; Gastrophysa cyanea ; reflex bleeding ; elytral glands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Egg clusters and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea are conspicuous and, like their larvae, are chemically protected. The eggs owe their bright yellow color primarily to β-carotene and, in addition, contain substantial quantities of oleic acid. At natural concentrations oleic acid effectively deters many species of ants from feeding. The use of fatty acids as deterrents against ants is discussed as a possible widespread phenomenon among insects. During defensive confrontations, adults ofG. cyanea exhibit avoidance behavior and may also feign death. In addition, the adults may autohemmorhage or secrete a fluid from elytral or pronotal pores in response to traumatic stimuli. The secretions are effective against ants and contain a mixture of hydrocarbons as well as terpenoid components. The pattern of ontogenetic modification in the defensive chemical repertoire ofG. cyanea is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987793
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pheromone production by axenically rearedDendroctonus ponderosae andIps paraconfusus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 281-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus ponderosae ; Ips paraconfusus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; axenic rearing ; monoterpenes ; aggregation pheromones ; trans-verbenol ; exo-brevicomin ; ipsenol ; ipsdienol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Mountain pine beetles,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, and California five-spined ips,Ips paraconfusus Lanier, were reared axenically from surface-sterilized eggs on aseptic pine phloem. After 24 hr in host logs, axenip femaleD. ponderosae and maleI. paraconfusus produced the aggregation pheromones,trans-verbenol (D. ponderosae), and ipsenol and ipsdienol (I. paraconfusus). Emergent, axenically reared maleD. ponderosae contained normal amounts of the pheromoneexo-brevicomin. Axenic femaleD. ponderosae treated with juvenile hormone or exposed to vapors of α-pinene, produced the pheromonetrans-verbenol. By 25–35 days after eclosion, axenic females exposed to α-pinene vapors produced over six times as muchtrans-verbenol as wild females, suggesting that while microorganisms in wild females may producetrans-verbenol, they may also inhibit production of the pheromone or use it as a substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987856
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The feeding characteristics and development of larvae of a salvinia weevil Cyrtobagous sp. (1983)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 34 (1983), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Cyrtobagous ; Salvinia weevil ; Feeding characteristics of larvae ; Development of larvae ; Plant nutrition ; Temperature effects on development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Après leur naissance, les larves de Cyrtobagous sp. passent de 1 à 4 jours à brouter les racines, et de 0 à 9 jours dans les bourgeons de la plante hôte, Salvinia molesta, avant d'y creuser une galerie dans le rhizome. Bien que les larves aient été capables de survivre jusqu'à 38 jours en broutant les racines, quant elles furent privées de rhizome, elle ne purent achever leur développement. Quand les galeries furent commencées, le développement larvaire, entre 21° et 31°, dépendit de la température et de la teneur en azote de l'hôte. Les larves ne se développèrent pas à 17°. Une haute valeur nutritive de l'aliment consommé par les larves réduisit la durée du développement, mais n'influença pas la durée ultérieure de leur développement nymphal. Les lieux de prise de nourriture et les dégâts produits par des larves isolées furent précisés.
    Notes: Abstract Newly-emerged larvae of a salvinia weevil, Cyrtobagous sp. spent from 1–4 days browsing on the roots and from 0–9 days in the buds of the host plant, Salvinia molesta, prior to tunnelling into the rhizome of this aquatic weed. Although larvae were able to survive up to 38 days browsing on roots when rhizomes were withheld, they were unable to complete development. After tunnelling began, larval development between 21° and 31° was dependent on temperature and nitrogen levels in the host. Larvae failed to develop at 17°. High nutritional intake by the larvae reduced larval development time but did not influence duration of their subsequent pupal development. The feeding sites and plant damage produced by individual larvae were assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186928
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of Prostephanus truncatus to components of the aggregation pheromone of Rhyzopertha dominica in the laboratory and field (1983)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 34 (1983), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Storage pests ; Coleoptera ; Bostrichidae ; Prostephanus truncatus ; (±)-1-methylbutyl (E)-2-methyl-2-pentenoate ; Rhyzopertha dominica ; (±)-1-methyl-butyl (E)-2,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoate ; Dominicalure ; Aggregation pheromone ; Monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses de Prostephanus truncatus Horn (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) à deux constituants de la phéromone d'agrégation de Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), le (±)-1-méthylbutyl (E)-2-méthyl-2-penténoate et le (±)-1-méthylbutyl (E)-2,4-diméthyl-2-pentéoate, connus comme “Dominicalure 1” et “Dominicalure 2”, ont été étudiées au laboratoire et au champ. Auslaboratoire ces composés ont été essayés individuellement et en mélange 1:2. Une membrane de caoutchouc imprégnée de phéromone a été utilisée comme émetteur lent, et une courbe de réponse en fonction de la dose a été établie. P. truncatus répondait plus vigoureusement à la Dominicalure 2 seule. Tous ces traitements ont été comparés dans un essai aux champs en Tanzanie, dans lesquels des pièges en carton ondulé contenant des diffuseurs de phéromone étaient placés dans des entrepôts de maïs dans les fermes. La Dominicalure 1 et le mélange de 1 et 2 étaient tous deux efficaces pour piéger R. dominica. La Dominicalure 2 a piégé plus de P. truncatus que les autres traitements et était à peu près aussi efficace que le contrôle visuel pour détecter la présence de cet insecte dans les stocks. On peut envisager que la Dominicalure 2 pourrait servir de base à un programme pour lutter contre P. truncatus en Afrique de l'Est.
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory and field studies have been made of the responses of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) to two components of the aggregation pheromone of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) — (±)-1-methylbutyl (E)-2-methyl-2-pentenoate and (±)-1-methylbutyl (E)-2,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoate, known as “Dominicalure 1” and “Dominicalure 2” respectively. In the laboratory, these compounds were tested individually and as a 1:2 mixture; P. truncatus responded most strongly to Dominicalure 2 alone. All three treatments were compared in a field trial in Tanzania to monitor both R. dominica and P. truncatus in farm stores. Dominicalure 1 or a mixture of 1 and 2 were both highly effective for trapping R. dominica. In contrast, Dominicalure 2 trapped more P. truncatus than the other treatments and was about as effective as visual inspection at demonstrating the presence of the beetle in stores. Dominicalure 2 could form the basis of a monitoring programme for P. truncatus in East Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186923
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