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  • Adult  (13)
  • *Biodiversity  (11)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (24)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Physical Society
  • 2020-2024
  • 2010-2014  (24)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1945-1949
  • 2014  (24)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (24)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Physical Society
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (17)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2010-2014  (24)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-10-04
    Description: In 2010, the international community, under the auspices of the Convention on Biological Diversity, agreed on 20 biodiversity-related "Aichi Targets" to be achieved within a decade. We provide a comprehensive mid-term assessment of progress toward these global targets using 55 indicator data sets. We projected indicator trends to 2020 using an adaptive statistical framework that incorporated the specific properties of individual time series. On current trajectories, results suggest that despite accelerating policy and management responses to the biodiversity crisis, the impacts of these efforts are unlikely to be reflected in improved trends in the state of biodiversity by 2020. We highlight areas of societal endeavor requiring additional efforts to achieve the Aichi Targets, and provide a baseline against which to assess future progress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tittensor, Derek P -- Walpole, Matt -- Hill, Samantha L L -- Boyce, Daniel G -- Britten, Gregory L -- Burgess, Neil D -- Butchart, Stuart H M -- Leadley, Paul W -- Regan, Eugenie C -- Alkemade, Rob -- Baumung, Roswitha -- Bellard, Celine -- Bouwman, Lex -- Bowles-Newark, Nadine J -- Chenery, Anna M -- Cheung, William W L -- Christensen, Villy -- Cooper, H David -- Crowther, Annabel R -- Dixon, Matthew J R -- Galli, Alessandro -- Gaveau, Valerie -- Gregory, Richard D -- Gutierrez, Nicolas L -- Hirsch, Tim L -- Hoft, Robert -- Januchowski-Hartley, Stephanie R -- Karmann, Marion -- Krug, Cornelia B -- Leverington, Fiona J -- Loh, Jonathan -- Lojenga, Rik Kutsch -- Malsch, Kelly -- Marques, Alexandra -- Morgan, David H W -- Mumby, Peter J -- Newbold, Tim -- Noonan-Mooney, Kieran -- Pagad, Shyama N -- Parks, Bradley C -- Pereira, Henrique M -- Robertson, Tim -- Rondinini, Carlo -- Santini, Luca -- Scharlemann, Jorn P W -- Schindler, Stefan -- Sumaila, U Rashid -- Teh, Louise S L -- van Kolck, Jennifer -- Visconti, Piero -- Ye, Yimin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):241-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1257484. Epub 2014 Oct 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. derek.tittensor@unep-wcmc.org. ; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. ; Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Ocean Sciences Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Post Office Box 1006, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. ; Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. ; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark. ; BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Cambridge CB3 0NA, UK. ; ESE Laboratory, Universite Paris-Sud, UMR 8079, CNRS-Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France. ; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Post Office Box 303, 3720 AH, Bilthoven, Netherlands. ; Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. ; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Post Office Box 303, 3720 AH, Bilthoven, Netherlands. Department of Earth Sciences-Geochemistry, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80021, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. ; Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 413, Saint Jacques Street, Suite 800, Montreal, QC H2Y 1N9, Canada. ; Global Footprint Network, 7-9 Chemin de Balexert, 1219 Geneva, Switzerland. ; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2 rue Andre-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France. ; RSPB Centre for Conservation Science The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2DL, UK. ; Marine Stewardship Council, 1-3 Snow Hill, London EC1A 2DH, UK. ; The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) Secretariat Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 680 North Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) International, Charles-de-Gaulle Strasse 5, 53113 Bonn, Germany. ; ESE Laboratory, Universite Paris-Sud, UMR 8079, CNRS-Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France. DIVERSITAS, 57 rue Cuvier-CP 41, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. ; University of Queensland, Diamantina National Park via Winton, QLD 4735, Australia. ; Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK. ; Union for Ethical BioTrade, De Ruyterkade 6, 1013 AA, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany. ; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Secretariat, Maison internationale de l'environnement, 11-13 Chemin des Anemones, 1219 Chatelaine, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia Brisbane, Qld 4072 Australia. ; The International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC) Invasive Species Specialist Group, University of Auckland, Tamaki Campus, Auckland, New Zealand. ; AidData, The College of William and Mary, Post Office Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA. ; Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza-Universita di Roma, Viale dell' Universita 32, 00185 Rome, Italy. ; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK. School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. ; Environment Agency Austria, Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Spittelauer Lande 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria. University of Vienna, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation Ecology and Landscape Ecology, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria. ; Microsoft Research, Computational Science Laboratory, 21 Station Road, Cambridge, CB1 2FB, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Extinction, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory receptor found on immune cells. The consequences of mutations in CTLA4 in humans are unknown. We identified germline heterozygous mutations in CTLA4 in subjects with severe immune dysregulation from four unrelated families. Whereas Ctla4 heterozygous mice have no obvious phenotype, human CTLA4 haploinsufficiency caused dysregulation of FoxP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, hyperactivation of effector T cells, and lymphocytic infiltration of target organs. Patients also exhibited progressive loss of circulating B cells, associated with an increase of predominantly autoreactive CD21(lo) B cells and accumulation of B cells in nonlymphoid organs. Inherited human CTLA4 haploinsufficiency demonstrates a critical quantitative role for CTLA-4 in governing T and B lymphocyte homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4371526/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4371526/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuehn, Hye Sun -- Ouyang, Weiming -- Lo, Bernice -- Deenick, Elissa K -- Niemela, Julie E -- Avery, Danielle T -- Schickel, Jean-Nicolas -- Tran, Dat Q -- Stoddard, Jennifer -- Zhang, Yu -- Frucht, David M -- Dumitriu, Bogdan -- Scheinberg, Phillip -- Folio, Les R -- Frein, Cathleen A -- Price, Susan -- Koh, Christopher -- Heller, Theo -- Seroogy, Christine M -- Huttenlocher, Anna -- Rao, V Koneti -- Su, Helen C -- Kleiner, David -- Notarangelo, Luigi D -- Rampertaap, Yajesh -- Olivier, Kenneth N -- McElwee, Joshua -- Hughes, Jason -- Pittaluga, Stefania -- Oliveira, Joao B -- Meffre, Eric -- Fleisher, Thomas A -- Holland, Steven M -- Lenardo, Michael J -- Tangye, Stuart G -- Uzel, Gulbu -- 5R01HL113304-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- AI061093/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI071087/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI095848/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN261200800001E/PHS HHS/ -- P01 AI061093/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI071087/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL113304/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI095848/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 26;345(6204):1623-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1255904. Epub 2014 Sep 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. tfleishe@cc.nih.gov lenardo@nih.gov guzel@niaid.nih.gov. ; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. tfleishe@cc.nih.gov lenardo@nih.gov guzel@niaid.nih.gov. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. tfleishe@cc.nih.gov lenardo@nih.gov guzel@niaid.nih.gov. ; Immunology and Immunodeficiency Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. St. Vincent's Clinical School Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Immunology and Immunodeficiency Group, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. ; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Immunological Diseases Unit, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Radiology and Imaging and Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Clinical Research Directorate, Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Division of Immunology and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 10217, USA. ; Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Boston, MA 02130, USA. ; Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira-IMIP, 50070 Recife-PE, Brazil. ; NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. tfleishe@cc.nih.gov lenardo@nih.gov guzel@niaid.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25213377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*genetics ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology ; *Germ-Line Mutation ; *Haploinsufficiency ; Humans ; Immune System Diseases/*genetics ; Immunity/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Pedigree ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2014-07-06
    Description: In 11 studies, we found that participants typically did not enjoy spending 6 to 15 minutes in a room by themselves with nothing to do but think, that they enjoyed doing mundane external activities much more, and that many preferred to administer electric shocks to themselves instead of being left alone with their thoughts. Most people seem to prefer to be doing something rather than nothing, even if that something is negative.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4330241/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4330241/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, Timothy D -- Reinhard, David A -- Westgate, Erin C -- Gilbert, Daniel T -- Ellerbeck, Nicole -- Hahn, Cheryl -- Brown, Casey L -- Shaked, Adi -- T32 MH020006/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 4;345(6192):75-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1250830.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. tdw@virginia.edu. ; Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24994650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Attention ; Electroshock/psychology ; Humans ; Loneliness/*psychology ; Middle Aged ; *Pleasure ; *Thinking ; Young Adult
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-05-24
    Description: Novel vaccines are urgently needed to reduce the burden of severe malaria. Using a differential whole-proteome screening method, we identified Plasmodium falciparum schizont egress antigen-1 (PfSEA-1), a 244-kilodalton parasite antigen expressed in schizont-infected red blood cells (RBCs). Antibodies to PfSEA-1 decreased parasite replication by arresting schizont rupture, and conditional disruption of PfSEA-1 resulted in a profound parasite replication defect. Vaccination of mice with recombinant Plasmodium berghei PbSEA-1 significantly reduced parasitemia and delayed mortality after lethal challenge with the Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. Tanzanian children with antibodies to recombinant PfSEA-1A (rPfSEA-1A) did not experience severe malaria, and Kenyan adolescents and adults with antibodies to rPfSEA-1A had significantly lower parasite densities than individuals without these antibodies. By blocking schizont egress, PfSEA-1 may synergize with other vaccines targeting hepatocyte and RBC invasion.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184151/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184151/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raj, Dipak K -- Nixon, Christian P -- Nixon, Christina E -- Dvorin, Jeffrey D -- DiPetrillo, Christen G -- Pond-Tor, Sunthorn -- Wu, Hai-Wei -- Jolly, Grant -- Pischel, Lauren -- Lu, Ailin -- Michelow, Ian C -- Cheng, Ling -- Conteh, Solomon -- McDonald, Emily A -- Absalon, Sabrina -- Holte, Sarah E -- Friedman, Jennifer F -- Fried, Michal -- Duffy, Patrick E -- Kurtis, Jonathan D -- 1K08AI100997-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DP2 AI112219/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DP2-AI112219/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- K08 AI100997/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P20GM103421/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 AI042853/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30AI042853/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI102907/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI076353/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI102907/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI52059/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32-DA013911/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):871-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1254417.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA. ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA. ; Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. ; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Department of Biostatistics and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ; Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA. jonathan_kurtis@brown.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24855263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/blood/*immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/*immunology ; Child ; Erythrocytes/*parasitology ; Hepatocytes/immunology/parasitology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology ; Kenya ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Malaria Vaccines/*immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Plasmodium berghei/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*growth & development/immunology ; Protozoan Proteins/*immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Schizonts/*growth & development ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-05-31
    Description: The most prominent pattern in global marine biogeography is the biodiversity peak in the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Yet the processes that underpin this pattern are still actively debated. By reconstructing global marine paleoenvironments over the past 3 million years on the basis of sediment cores, we assessed the extent to which Quaternary climate fluctuations can explain global variation in current reef fish richness. Comparing global historical coral reef habitat availability with the present-day distribution of 6316 reef fish species, we find that distance from stable coral reef habitats during historical periods of habitat loss explains 62% of the variation in fish richness, outweighing present-day environmental factors. Our results highlight the importance of habitat persistence during periods of climate change for preserving marine biodiversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pellissier, Loic -- Leprieur, Fabien -- Parravicini, Valeriano -- Cowman, Peter F -- Kulbicki, Michel -- Litsios, Glenn -- Olsen, Steffen M -- Wisz, Mary S -- Bellwood, David R -- Mouillot, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 30;344(6187):1016-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1249853.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Chemin du Musee 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 C Aarhus, Denmark. ; Laboratoire Ecologie des Systemes Marins Cotiers UMR 5119, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, UM2, UM1, cc 093, Place E. Bataillon, FR-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. ; IRD, UR 227 CoReUs, LABEX (Laboratoire d'Excellence) Corail, Laboratoire Arago, Boite Postale 44, FR-66651 Banyuls/mer, France. CESAB (Centre de Synthese et d'Analyse sur la Biodiversite)-FRB (Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversite), Immeuble Henri Poincare, Domaine du Petit Arbois, FR-13857 Aix-en-Provence cedex 3, France. ; Centre for Macroevolution and Macroecology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. ; IRD, UR 227 CoReUs, LABEX (Laboratoire d'Excellence) Corail, Laboratoire Arago, Boite Postale 44, FR-66651 Banyuls/mer, France. ; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; Center for Ocean and Ice, Danish Meteorological Institute, Lyngbyvej 100, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 C Aarhus, Denmark. Department of Ecology and Environment, DHI Water and Environment, 2970 Horsholm, Denmark. ; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. ; Laboratoire Ecologie des Systemes Marins Cotiers UMR 5119, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, UM2, UM1, cc 093, Place E. Bataillon, FR-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. david.mouillot@univ-montp2.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24876495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Australia ; *Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Coral Reefs ; *Fishes
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-03-08
    Description: Little is known about how human genetic variation affects the responses to environmental stimuli in the context of complex diseases. Experimental and computational approaches were applied to determine the effects of genetic variation on the induction of pathogen-responsive genes in human dendritic cells. We identified 121 common genetic variants associated in cis with variation in expression responses to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, influenza, or interferon-beta (IFN-beta). We localized and validated causal variants to binding sites of pathogen-activated STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) and IRF (IFN-regulatory factor) transcription factors. We also identified a common variant in IRF7 that is associated in trans with type I IFN induction in response to influenza infection. Our results reveal common alleles that explain interindividual variation in pathogen sensing and provide functional annotation for genetic variants that alter susceptibility to inflammatory diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4124741/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4124741/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Mark N -- Ye, Chun -- Villani, Alexandra-Chloe -- Raj, Towfique -- Li, Weibo -- Eisenhaure, Thomas M -- Imboywa, Selina H -- Chipendo, Portia I -- Ran, F Ann -- Slowikowski, Kamil -- Ward, Lucas D -- Raddassi, Khadir -- McCabe, Cristin -- Lee, Michelle H -- Frohlich, Irene Y -- Hafler, David A -- Kellis, Manolis -- Raychaudhuri, Soumya -- Zhang, Feng -- Stranger, Barbara E -- Benoist, Christophe O -- De Jager, Philip L -- Regev, Aviv -- Hacohen, Nir -- DP1 CA174427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 MH100706/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/ -- DP1 MH100706/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD002230/OD/NIH HHS/ -- F32 AG043267/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK043351/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG006193/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI091568/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR063759/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK097768/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004037/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 GM093080/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 HG002295/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI082630/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 7;343(6175):1246980. doi: 10.1126/science.1246980.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24604203" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases/genetics ; Communicable Diseases/genetics ; Dendritic Cells/drug effects/*immunology ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; *Gene-Environment Interaction ; Genetic Loci ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; HEK293 Cells ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/*genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/*genetics ; Interferon-beta/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; STAT Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Transcriptome ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-07-12
    Description: This paper presents a new data infrastructure for measuring economic activity. The infrastructure records transactions and account balances, yielding measurements with scope and accuracy that have little precedent in economics. The data are drawn from a diverse population that overrepresents males and younger adults but contains large numbers of underrepresented groups. The data infrastructure permits evaluation of a benchmark theory in economics that predicts that individuals should use a combination of cash management, saving, and borrowing to make the timing of income irrelevant for the timing of spending. As in previous studies and in contrast to the predictions of the theory, there is a response of spending to the arrival of anticipated income. The data also show, however, that this apparent excess sensitivity of spending results largely from the coincident timing of regular income and regular spending. The remaining excess sensitivity is concentrated among individuals with less liquidity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gelman, Michael -- Kariv, Shachar -- Shapiro, Matthew D -- Silverman, Dan -- Tadelis, Steven -- P30 AG012839/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 11;345(6193):212-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1247727.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. ; Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. shapiro@umich.edu. ; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Department of Economics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25013075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; *Human Activities ; Humans ; *Income ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Policy Making ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-06-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pe'er, G -- Dicks, L V -- Visconti, P -- Arlettaz, R -- Baldi, A -- Benton, T G -- Collins, S -- Dieterich, M -- Gregory, R D -- Hartig, F -- Henle, K -- Hobson, P R -- Kleijn, D -- Neumann, R K -- Robijns, T -- Schmidt, J -- Shwartz, A -- Sutherland, W J -- Turbe, A -- Wulf, F -- Scott, A V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 6;344(6188):1090-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1253425.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24904142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*trends ; *Biodiversity ; *European Union ; *Policy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: Habitat conversion is the primary driver of biodiversity loss, yet little is known about how it is restructuring the tree of life by favoring some lineages over others. We combined a complete avian phylogeny with 12 years of Costa Rican bird surveys (118,127 detections across 487 species) sampled in three land uses: forest reserves, diversified agricultural systems, and intensive monocultures. Diversified agricultural systems supported 600 million more years of evolutionary history than intensive monocultures but 300 million fewer years than forests. Compared with species with many extant relatives, evolutionarily distinct species were extirpated at higher rates in both diversified and intensive agricultural systems. Forests are therefore essential for maintaining diversity across the tree of life, but diversified agricultural systems may help buffer against extreme loss of phylogenetic diversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frishkoff, Luke O -- Karp, Daniel S -- M'Gonigle, Leithen K -- Mendenhall, Chase D -- Zook, Jim -- Kremen, Claire -- Hadly, Elizabeth A -- Daily, Gretchen C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1343-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1254610.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. frishkol@stanford.edu dkarp@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Nature Conservancy, Berkeley, CA 94705, USA. frishkol@stanford.edu dkarp@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Union de Ornitologos de Costa Rica, Apartado 182-4200, Naranjo de Alajuela, Costa Rica. ; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm Resilience Center, University of Stockholm, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*trends ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Birds/*classification ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Costa Rica ; *Extinction, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Species Specificity ; Trees
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-26
    Description: How we attend to objects and their features that cannot be separated by location is not understood. We presented two temporally and spatially overlapping streams of objects, faces versus houses, and used magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging to separate neuronal responses to attended and unattended objects. Attention to faces versus houses enhanced the sensory responses in the fusiform face area (FFA) and parahippocampal place area (PPA), respectively. The increases in sensory responses were accompanied by induced gamma synchrony between the inferior frontal junction, IFJ, and either FFA or PPA, depending on which object was attended. The IFJ appeared to be the driver of the synchrony, as gamma phases were advanced by 20 ms in IFJ compared to FFA or PPA. Thus, the IFJ may direct the flow of visual processing during object-based attention, at least in part through coupled oscillations with specialized areas such as FFA and PPA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baldauf, Daniel -- Desimone, Robert -- P30EY2621/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 25;344(6182):424-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1247003. Epub 2014 Apr 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139 MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Attention ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetoencephalography ; Male ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Visual Perception ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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