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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth profile and lattice location analysis of Sb atoms in Si/Sb(δ-doped)/Si(001) structures using medium-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 673-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Medium-energy coaxial impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy has been used to study the depth profile and lattice location of Sb atoms in Si/Sb(δ-doped)/Si(001) structures prepared by solid phase epitaxy. The Sb atoms are observed to diffuse into the Si capping layer at concentrations much higher than the solubility limit in a Si crystal. In addition, the concentration of diffused Sb atoms does not show a monotonic decrease with increasing distance from the δ-layer plane. The lattice locations of the diffused Sb atoms are found to be strongly dependent on the distance from the location of the original Sb δ layer. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122983
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface-acoustic-wave properties of MgO-doped LiNbO3 single crystals measured by line-focus-beam acoustic microscopy (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 7863-7868 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Basic acoustic properties of five MgO-doped LiNbO3 rectangular parallelpiped specimens, having X-, Y-, and Z-cut planes, with different MgO dopant concentrations ranging from 0 to 13 mol % are investigated by line-focus-beam acoustic microscopy. The investigation is conducted to characterize the optical-use MgO:LiNbO3 crystals and wafers and to establish large-diameter crystal growth conditions. Leaky-surface-acoustic-wave (LSAW) velocities are measured on each crystalline plane of each specimen as a function of the wave propagation direction and are compared with the measured chemical composition ratios of Mg/Li/Nb, densities, and lattice constants. It is shown that, as the dopant concentrations increase in the experimental composition region, the LSAW velocities increase almost linearly for all the surfaces and all the propagation directions. The LSAW velocities are linearly proportional to the lattice constants, but inversely proportional to the densities. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370597
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Menstrual cycle alters face preference (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 399 (1999), S. 741-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Women prefer slightly feminized male facial shapes. Such faces (Fig. 1a) are given positive personality attributions that might correlate with actual behaviour. In contrast, masculine features seem to signal immunological competence. Heritable benefits can be realized only if ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/21557
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of pulsed laser deposition of RuO2 and SrRuO3 thin films (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15.Fg; 73.61.-r; 77.22.Ch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In this study, the pulsed laser ablation of RuO2 and SrRuO3 (SRO) is investigated by observing the fluorescence from excited atoms in the plume by using a framing streak camera. Vaporization, phase explosion and boiling are suggested to play the main roles in the processes for the interaction between the laser beam and target. Collisions and adiabatic expansion are also suggested before particles move forward with shifted Maxwellian spatial distribution. In O2 pressure, numerous collisions between fast and slow atoms occur and result in the exchange of speeds. The structural and electrical (conductivity and work-function) properties of RuO2 and SRO thin films are measured. Epitaxial SRO growth was obtained at growth temperatures down to 350 °C. Ferroelectric and high- dielectric thin-film capacitors with RuO2 or SRO thin film electrode are also studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051481
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and R-Curve Behavior of Al2O3–SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 18 (1999), S. 489-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006654700794
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shift of Optical Absorption Edge in Sol-Gel Derived Transparent BaTiO3 Gels During Aging (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 16 (1999), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: barium titanate ; sol-gel processing using high-concentration alkoxide solution ; optical measurements ; absorption edge ; crystallite size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Transparent barium titanate (BaTiO3) wet gels synthesized by sol-gel processing using high-concentration Ba,Ti-alkoxide solution (1.0 mol/l) were subjected to optical measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscope observations. A systematic shift of the optical absorption edge was observed for the transparent BaTiO3 wet gels shrinking during aging at 30 and 50°C, while no shift was observed for the wet gels aged at 5°C. The crystallinity and crystallite size of the gels increased with increasing aging time and temperature. The shift of the optical absorption edge of the BaTiO3 gels during aging was found to have a close relation to an increase in the crystallite size of the gels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008721406844
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High levels of non-methylesterified pectins and low levels of peripherally located pectins in loosely attached non-embryogenic callus of carrot (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1999), S. 561-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Callus ; Cell wall ; Daucus carota ; Intercellular attachment ; Pectin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carrot embryogenic callus (EC) forms larger and tighter clusters of cells than does non-embryogenic callus (NC). Morphological and histochemical analyses of EC and NC were made using the electron microscope. The entire cell wall in NC was strongly stained by ruthenium red, which reacts primarily with carboxyl groups of acidic sugars. By contrast, in EC, strong staining by ruthenium red of the entire cell wall, of amorphous structures on the surface of EC and of secretory vesicles was observed only after treatment with NaOH. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of amorphous structures on the entire surface of EC but not of NC. These results suggest the abundance of non-methylesterified pectins and the presence of methylesterified and peripherally located pectins in the cell walls of NC and EC, respectively, as well as the absence, in carrot cultured cells, of any correlation between the calcium bridges of pectins and intercellular attachment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050622
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperfine interactions of 19O in TiO2 and quadrupole moments of 13,19O (1999)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 120-121 (1999), S. 661-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The electric quadrupole interaction of 19O(Iπ=(5/2)+, T1/2=27.0 s) in TiO2 single crystal was studied in detail by means of the β-NQR to determine the electric quadrupole moments Q of short-lived β-emitting nuclei 19O and 13O(Iπ=(3/2)-, T1/2=8.6 ms). Two implantation sites were found for the implanted O nucleus and the quadrupole coupling constants of 19O at these sites were determined. We observed FT-NMR of the enriched stable isotope 17O in TiO2 and obtained the electric field gradient (EFG) at the oxygen substitutional site. With this knowledge, we have determined Q(13O)=11.0 ± 1.3 mb and Q(19O)=3.7 ± 0.4 mb. The present results are compared with the theoretical values calculated by the shell model code, OXBASH and by the Hartree–Fock calculation with the realistic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017031908770
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mössbauer study of Japanese ancient iron slag (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 239 (1999), S. 309-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied to an investigation of ancient iron slags, excavated at the ancient ruins for iron manufacturing in order to deduce the raw materials and operative conditions of the furnace. From the Mössbauer spectra, it was found that the slags consisted of fayalite, wüstite, ulvöspinel and magnetite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02349502
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of iron fine particles in a crystal lattice by the computer simulation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 239 (1999), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The growing up of the fine particles in a sapphire crystal was simulated with a computer and the expected Mössbauer spectra were calculated by considering the influence of the nearest neighbors and next-nearest neighbors to the magnetic hyperfine field of the iron atoms. The simulated spectra were compared with the Mössbauer spectra observed with a Fe-implanted sapphire and the agreement between them was satisfactory on the whole. It is also revealed that an iron atom implanted into a sapphire crystal may interact, before coming to rest, with the iron fine particles situated within 2–3 nm in the crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02349503
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