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  • Mice  (26)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (26)
  • 1990-1994  (26)
  • 1993  (26)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (26)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (77)
Years
  • 1990-1994  (26)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1993-01-08
    Description: Nitrosoureas form O6-alkylguanine-DNA adducts that are converted to G to A transitions, the mutation found in the activated ras oncogenes of nitrosourea-induced mouse lymphomas and rat mammary tumors. These adducts are removed by the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. Transgenic mice that express the human homolog of this protein in the thymus were found to be protected from developing thymic lymphomas after exposure to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Thus, transgenic expression of a single human DNA repair gene is sufficient to block chemical carcinogenesis. The transduction of DNA repair genes in vivo may unravel mechanisms of carcinogenesis and provide therapeutic protection from known carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dumenco, L L -- Allay, E -- Norton, K -- Gerson, S L -- P01CA51183/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA43703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01ES06288/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):219-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8421782" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *DNA Repair/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Methylnitrosourea ; Methyltransferases/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Thymus Neoplasms/chemically induced/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1993-10-22
    Description: Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1a is caused by the deficiency of D-glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), the key enzyme in glucose homeostasis. Despite both a high incidence and morbidity, the molecular mechanisms underlying this deficiency have eluded characterization. In the present study, the molecular and biochemical characterization of the human G6Pase complementary DNA, its gene, and the expressed protein, which is indistinguishable from human microsomal G6Pase, are reported. Several mutations in the G6Pase gene of affected individuals that completely inactivate the enzyme have been identified. These results establish the molecular basis of this disease and open the way for future gene therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lei, K J -- Shelly, L L -- Pan, C J -- Sidbury, J B -- Chou, J Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):580-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Exons ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase/*genetics/metabolism ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/enzymology/*genetics ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Liver/enzymology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1993-04-16
    Description: A fundamental problem in the identification and isolation of tumor suppressor and other growth-inhibiting genes is the loss of power of genetic complementation at the subchromosomal level. A direct genetic strategy was developed to isolate subchromosomal transferable fragments (STFs) from any chromosome, each containing a selectable marker within the human DNA, that could be transferred to any mammalian cell. As a test of the method, several overlapping STFs from 11p15 were shown to cause in vitro growth arrest of rhabdomyosarcoma cells. This activity mapped between the beta-globin and insulin genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koi, M -- Johnson, L A -- Kalikin, L M -- Little, P F -- Nakamura, Y -- Feinberg, A P -- CA54358/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32GM07314/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 16;260(5106):361-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8469989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; CHO Cells ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*genetics ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Techniques ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Insulin/genetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rhabdomyosarcoma/*pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1993-04-30
    Description: A congenic, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain that contains a segment of chromosome 3 from the diabetes-resistant mouse strain B6.PL-Thy-1a was less susceptible to diabetes than NOD mice. A fully penetrant immunological defect also mapped to this segment, which encodes the high-affinity Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G (IgG), Fc gamma RI. The NOD Fcgr1 allele, which results in a deletion of the cytoplasmic tail, caused a 73 percent reduction in the turnover of cell surface receptor-antibody complexes. The development of congenic strains and the characterization of Mendelian traits that are specific to the disease phenotype demonstrate the feasibility of dissecting the pathophysiology of complex, non-Mendelian diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prins, J B -- Todd, J A -- Rodrigues, N R -- Ghosh, S -- Hogarth, P M -- Wicker, L S -- Gaffney, E -- Podolin, P L -- Fischer, P A -- Sirotina, A -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 30;260(5108):695-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8480181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Crosses, Genetic ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*genetics ; Endocytosis ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; *Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Receptors, IgG/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1993-09-17
    Description: The bcl-2 proto-oncogene can prevent the death of many cell types. Mice were generated that were chimeric for the homozygous inactivation of bcl-2. Lymphocytes without Bcl-2 differentiated into phenotypically mature cells. However, in vitro, the mature T cells that lacked Bcl-2 had shorter life-spans and increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids and gamma-irradiation. In contrast, stimulation of CD3 inhibited the death of these cells. T and B cells with no Bcl-2 disappeared from the bone marrow, thymus, and periphery by 4 weeks of age. Thus, Bcl-2 was dispensable for lymphocyte maturation, but was required for a stable immune system after birth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakayama, K -- Negishi, I -- Kuida, K -- Shinkai, Y -- Louie, M C -- Fields, L E -- Lucas, P J -- Stewart, V -- Alt, F W -- AI 15322/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 17;261(5128):1584-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8372353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD3/immunology ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Line ; Chimera ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1993-11-05
    Description: B7 delivers a costimulatory signal through CD28, resulting in interleukin-2 secretion and T cell proliferation. Blockade of this pathway results in T cell anergy. The in vivo role of B7 was evaluated with B7-deficient mice. These mice had a 70 percent decrease in costimulation of the response to alloantigen. Despite lacking B7 expression, activated B cells from these mice bound CTLA-4 and GL1 monoclonal antibody, demonstrating that alternative CTLA-4 ligand or ligands exist. These receptors are functionally important because the residual allogenic mixed lymphocyte responses were blocked by CTLA4Ig. Characterization of these CTLA-4 ligands should lead to strategies for manipulating the immune response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, G J -- Borriello, F -- Hodes, R J -- Reiser, H -- Hathcock, K S -- Laszlo, G -- McKnight, A J -- Kim, J -- Du, L -- Lombard, D B -- CA 40216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):907-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7694362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abatacept ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; Antigens, CD80/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation/immunology/*metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Cell Line ; *Immunoconjugates ; Interleukin-2/secretion ; Isoantigens/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Transfection
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1993-05-21
    Description: The cytotoxicity of human natural killer (NK) cells is modulated by the major histocompatibility complex human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C molecules on the surface of the target cell. Alloreactive NK cells specific for the NK-1 alloantigen could be reproducibly generated from individuals that were homozygous for HLA-C with asparagine at residue 77 and lysine at residue 80 [HLA-C(Asn77,Lys80)] by stimulation with target cells that were homozygous for HLA-C(Ser77,Asn80); the reciprocal stimulation yielded NK cells specific for the NK-2 alloantigen. However, neither homozygous target cell stimulated the generation of alloreactive NK cells from heterozygous individuals. Thus, these data reveal an unanticipated difference between human NK alloreactivity defined by this system and murine "hybrid resistance."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colonna, M -- Brooks, E G -- Falco, M -- Ferrara, G B -- Strominger, J L -- CA 47554/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- KO8 AI01064/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 21;260(5111):1121-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Genotype ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/*immunology ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1993-10-15
    Description: The adhesive interactions between leukocyte L-selectin and the endothelium are involved in the migration of lymphocytes through peripheral lymph nodes and of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. A recombinant L-selectin stains high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymph nodes and recognizes sulfated carbohydrates found on two endothelial glycoproteins, Sgp50 and Sgp90. Amino acid sequencing of purified Sgp90 revealed a protein core identical to that CD34, a sialomucin expressed on hematopoietic stem cells and endothelium. A polyclonal antiserum to recombinant murine CD34 stains peripheral lymph node endothelium and recognizes Sgp90 that is functionally bound by L-selectin. Thus, an HEV glycoform of CD34 can function as a ligand for L-selectin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baumheter, S -- Singer, M S -- Henzel, W -- Hemmerich, S -- Renz, M -- Rosen, S D -- Lasky, L A -- GM 23547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 15;262(5132):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7692600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD/*metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*metabolism ; Clusterin ; Endothelium, Vascular/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; L-Selectin ; Lymph Nodes/*blood supply ; Mice ; *Molecular Chaperones ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mucins/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sialomucins
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1993-07-02
    Description: Experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be induced in mice by immunization with a human monoclonal antibody to DNA that bears a common idiotype (16/6Id). These mice generate antibodies to 16/6Id, antibodies to DNA, and antibodies directed against nuclear antigens. Subsequently, manifestations of SLE develop, including leukopenia, proteinuria, and immune complex deposits in the kidney. In contrast, after immunization with 16/6Id, mice lacking major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules generated antibodies to 16/6Id but did not generate antibodies to DNA or to nuclear antigen. Furthermore, they did not develop any of the above clinical manifestations. These results reveal an unexpected function of MHC class I in the induction of autoimmune SLE.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mozes, E -- Kohn, L D -- Hakim, F -- Singer, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 2;261(5117):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Antinuclear/immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*immunology ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*immunology ; Mice
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salk, J -- Bretscher, P A -- Salk, P L -- Clerici, M -- Shearer, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1270-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8098553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Vaccines ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*prevention & control ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cytokines/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/biosynthesis ; HIV Antigens/immunology ; HIV Infections/immunology/*prevention & control ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunologic Memory ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; *Vaccination
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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