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  • Humans  (74)
  • Physical Chemistry
  • 1990-1994  (89)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1990  (89)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Formation constants, K, for hydrogen bonding of weak C—H donors with hexamethylphosphoric triamide were measured in cyclohexane at 35°C by PMR spectroscopy; data were analyzed by the Higuchi method. Donors include terminal alkynes and series of polyfluoro-, polychloro- and polybromobenzenes. The K values for many of these are too small to measure in CCl4. For RC≡CH, K decreases in the order R = BrCH2 〉 C6H5 〉 C2H5O 〉 tert-butyl. For polyhalobenzenes, K is generally larger for F than Cl or Br, and meta halogens facilitate hydrogen bonding most effectively. Among tetrahalobenzenes, 1,2,3,4-isomers show the least evidence of 2:1 complex formation. Pentachlorobenzene has a smaller K than its 1,2,3,4-tetrachlor analog even after statistical correction; for C6HX5, K decreases in the order F 〉 Cl 〉 Br; the K values for 1,3,5-trihalobenzenes are closely similar; and 1,3,5-tribromo-2,4-dimethylbenzene shows no evidence of hydrogen bonding by PMR. The last three observations suggest that buttressing is important in the C6HX5 structure, at least with Cl and Br. A value of K for benzene was measured, suggesting for the first time that the H atoms of benzene engage in hydrogen bonding. The result compares well with values extrapolated from data for polyfluoro- but not polychlorobenzenes, again probably because of buttressing in the latter.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 22 (1990), S. 1083-1094 
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A laser flash photolysis-long path laser absorption technique has been employed to investigate the kinetics of NO3 reactions with CH3SCH3(k1), CD3SCD3(k2), and C2H5SC2H5(k3) in 500 torr air at 298 K. The dependence of k1 on total pressure (20-500 torr) and oxygen partial pressure (0 - 100 torr) has also been investigated, with no dependence observed. Measured rate coefficients in units of 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 are k1 = 13 ± 3, k2 = 3.4 ± 0.8, and k3 = 48 ± 12, where the quoted uncertainties are 2σ estimates of absolute accuracy. The magnitude of NO3 + sulfide rate coefficients and negative activation energies for k1 (reported by other investigators) suggest that reaction does not proceed via a direct hydrogen abstraction mechanism. However, the reactivity trend observed in this study provides evidence that the reaction mechanism does involve breaking a carbon-hydrogen bond.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-06-01
    Beschreibung: The amyloid beta peptide (A beta P) is a small fragment of the much larger, broadly distributed amyloid precursor protein (APP). Abundant A beta P deposition in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease suggests that altered APP processing may represent a key pathogenic event. Direct protein structural analyses showed that constitutive processing in human embryonic kidney 293 cells cleaves APP in the interior of the A beta P, thus preventing A beta P deposition. A deficiency of this processing event may ultimately prove to be the etiological event in Alzheimer's disease that gives rise to senile plaque formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Esch, F S -- Keim, P S -- Beattie, E C -- Blacher, R W -- Culwell, A R -- Oltersdorf, T -- McClure, D -- Ward, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jun 1;248(4959):1122-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Athena Neurosciences, Incorporated, South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2111583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/isolation & purification ; Protein Precursors/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational/*physiology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-06-29
    Beschreibung: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tat protein (Tat) is a positive regulator of virus gene expression and replication. Biotinylated Tat was used as a probe to screen a lambda gt11 fusion protein library, and a complementary DNA encoding a protein that interacts with Tat was cloned. Expression of this protein, designated TBP-1 (for Tat binding protein-1), was observed in a variety of cell lines, with expression being highest in human cells. TBP-1 was localized predominantly in the nucleus, which is consistent with the nuclear localization of Tat. In cotransfection experiments, expression of TBP-1 was able to specifically suppress Tat-mediated transactivation. The strategy described may be useful for direct identification and cloning of genes encoding proteins that associate with other proteins to modulate their activity in a positive or negative fashion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelbock, P -- Dillon, P J -- Perkins, A -- Rosen, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jun 29;248(4963):1650-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2194290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Gene Library ; Gene Products, tat/*metabolism ; HIV/genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; *Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/*metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-11-02
    Beschreibung: Elevated free Ca2+ concentrations found in adult dystrophic muscle fibers result in enhanced protein degradation. Since the difference in concentrations may reflect differences in entry, Ca2+ leak channels in cultures of normal and Duchenne human myotubes, and normal and mdx murine myotubes, have been identified and characterized. The open probability of leak channels is markedly increased in dystrophic myotubes. Other channel properties, such as mean open times, single channel conductance, ion selectivity, and behavior in the presence of pharmacological agents, were similar among myotube types. Compared to the Ca2+ concentrations in normal human and normal mouse myotubes, intracellular resting free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in myotubes of Duchenne and mdx origin were significantly higher at a time when dystrophin is first expressed in normal tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased open probability of Ca2+ leak channels contributes to the elevated free intracellular Ca2+ concentration in Duchenne human and mdx mouse myotubes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fong, P Y -- Turner, P R -- Denetclaw, W F -- Steinhardt, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Nov 2;250(4981):673-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2173137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/drug effects/*physiology ; Dystrophin/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Muscles/metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophies/*metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/*metabolism ; Nifedipine/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-03-09
    Beschreibung: Certain RNA molecules, called ribozymes, possess enzymatic, self-cleaving activity. The cleavage reaction is catalytic and no energy source is required. Ribozymes of the "hammerhead" motif were identified in plant RNA pathogens. These ribozymes possess unique secondary (and possibly tertiary) structures critical for their cleavage ability. The present study shows precise cleavage of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences in a cell-free system by hammerhead ribozymes. In addition to the cell-free studies, human cells stably expressing a hammerhead ribozyme targeted to HIV-1 gag transcripts have been constructed. When these cells were challenged with HIV-1, a substantial reduction in the level of HIV-1 gag RNA relative to that in nonribozyme-expressing cells, was observed. The reduction in gag RNA was reflected in a reduction in antigen p24 levels. These results suggest the feasibility of developing ribozymes as therapeutic agents against human pathogens such as HIV-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sarver, N -- Cantin, E M -- Chang, P S -- Zaia, J A -- Ladne, P A -- Stephens, D A -- Rossi, J J -- AI25959/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA34991/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Mar 9;247(4947):1222-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Research and Development Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2107573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*drug therapy ; Base Sequence ; Catalysis ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression ; Gene Products, gag/metabolism ; Genes, gag/*drug effects ; HIV Core Protein p24 ; HIV-1/*drug effects/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Catalytic ; RNA, Ribosomal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; RNA, Viral/*drug effects ; Transfection ; Viral Core Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-02-09
    Beschreibung: Introduction of a normal retinoblastoma gene (RB) into retinoblastoma cells was previously shown to suppress several aspects of their neoplastic phenotype, including tumorigenicity in nude mice, thereby directly demonstrating a cancer suppression function of RB. To explore the possibility of a similar activity in a common adult tumor, RB expression was examined in three human prostate carcinoma cell lines. One of these, DU145, contained an abnormally small protein translated from an RB messenger RNA transcript that lacked 105 nucleotides encoded by exon 21. To assess the functional consequences of this mutation, normal RB expression was restored in DU145 cells by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Cells that maintained stable exogenous RB expression lost their ability to form tumors in nude mice, although their growth rate in culture was apparently unaltered. These results suggest that RB inactivation can play a significant role in the genesis of a common adult neoplasm and that restoration of normal RB-encoded protein in tumors could have clinical utility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bookstein, R -- Shew, J Y -- Chen, P L -- Scully, P -- Lee, W H -- 5758/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Feb 9;247(4943):712-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2300823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Retinoblastoma/*genetics ; *Suppression, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-08-24
    Beschreibung: The principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 is part of a disulfide bridged loop in the third variable region of the external envelope protein, gp120. Analysis of the amino acid sequences of this domain from 245 different HIV-1 isolates revealed that the PND is less variable than thought originally. Conservation to better than 80 percent of the amino acids in 9 out of 14 positions in the central portion of the PND and the occurrence of particular oligopeptide sequences in a majority of the isolates suggest that there are constraints on PND variability. One constraining influence may be the structural motif (beta strand--type II beta turn--beta strand--alpha helix) predicted for the consensus PND sequence by a neural network approach. Isolates with a PND similar to the commonly investigated human T cell lymphoma virus IIIB (HTLV-IIIB) and LAV-1 (BRU) strains were rare, and only 14 percent of sera from 86 randomly selected HIV-1 seropositive donors contained antibodies that recognized the PND of these virus isolates. In contrast, over 65 percent of these sera reacted with peptides containing more common PND sequences. These results suggest that HIV vaccine immunogens chosen because of their similarity to the consensus PND sequence and structure are likely to induce antibodies that neutralize a majority of HIV-1 isolates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉LaRosa, G J -- Davide, J P -- Weinhold, K -- Waterbury, J A -- Profy, A T -- Lewis, J A -- Langlois, A J -- Dreesman, G R -- Boswell, R N -- Shadduck, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 24;249(4971):932-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2392685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Genetic Variation ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*genetics ; *HIV Seropositivity ; HIV-1/*genetics/isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-12-07
    Beschreibung: A fusion complementary DNA in the T cell line HSB-2 elucidates a provocative mechanism for the disruption of the putative hematopoietic transcription factor SCL. The fusion cDNA results from an interstitial deletion between a previously unknown locus, SIL (SCL interrupting locus), and the 5' untranslated region of SCL. Similar to 1;14 translocations, this deletion disrupts the SCL 5' regulatory region. This event is probably mediated by V-(D)-J recombinase activity, although neither locus is an immunoglobulin or a T cell receptor. Two other T cell lines, CEM and RPMI 8402, have essentially identical deletions. Thus, in lymphocytes, growth-affecting genes other than immune receptors risk rearrangements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aplan, P D -- Lombardi, D P -- Ginsberg, A M -- Cossman, J -- Bertness, V L -- Kirsch, I R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Dec 7;250(4986):1426-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute-Navy Medical Oncology Branch, Naval Hospital, Bethesda, MD 20889-5105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2255914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Deletion ; DNA Nucleotidyltransferases/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Exons ; *Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Plasmids ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; VDJ Recombinases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 1990-11-16
    Beschreibung: Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by episodes of muscle weakness due to depolarization of the muscle cell membrane associated with elevated serum potassium. Electrophysiological studies have implicated the adult muscle sodium channel. Here, portions of the adult muscle sodium channel alpha-subunit gene were cloned and mapped near the human growth hormone locus (GH1) on chromosome 17. In a large pedigree displaying HYPP with myotonia, these two loci showed tight linkage to the genetic defect with no recombinants detected. Thus, it is likely that the sodium channel alpha-subunit gene contains the HYPP mutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fontaine, B -- Khurana, T S -- Hoffman, E P -- Bruns, G A -- Haines, J L -- Trofatter, J A -- Hanson, M P -- Rich, J -- McFarlane, H -- Yasek, D M -- NS-22224/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-24279/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Nov 16;250(4983):1000-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2173143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Genes/genetics ; Growth Hormone/genetics ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia/*genetics ; Muscles/*physiology ; Paralyses, Familial Periodic/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Rats ; Sodium Channels/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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