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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (56)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (56)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1990  (56)
  • 1
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    Fiber-coupled high resolution infrared array spectrometer for the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A novel cryogenic grating spectrometer (FCAS) is being designed for observations of volatiles in cometary and planetary atmospheres, and in newly forming planetary systems. The instrument features two-dimensional detector arrays coupled to a high-dispersion echelle by infrared fibers, and will achieve a spectral resolving power of about 40,000. The primary observational platform for this instrument will be the Kuiper Airborne Observatory, but it will also be configured for use at ground-based observatories. Initially, the spectrometer will use a 58 x 62, 1- to 5-micron InSb array. Larger-format IR arrays and arrays of different composition, will later be incorporated as they become available. The instrument will be used in two modes. The first uses a large format IR array in the spectral image plane for the customary one-dimensional spectral-one-dimensional spatial coverage. In the second mode, a massive, coherent bundle of infrared transmitting ZrF4 fibers will be installed after the dispersive element, to reformat the two-dimensional array into an elongated one-dimensional array for wide spectral coverage, allowing multiple lines to be measured in a single integration with high sensitivity. The overall instrument design is discussed, and the system sensitivity is estimated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Instrumentation in Astronomy VII; Feb 13, 1990 - Feb 17, 1990; Tucson, AZ; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A balloon borne 19-GHz radiometer (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The design and performance of a 19-GHz one-horn maser radiometer is discussed. The antenna is a lensed, conical horn with 3-deg angular resolution. The radiometer is stabilized by chopping against an internal cold load. A novel chopping scheme allows continual calibration of maser gain fluatuations with only a modest penalty in noise. The method of calibrating this instrument is described. The instrument has been used to map the sky with an equivalent blackbody temperature sensitivity of 1 mK per 3 x 3 deg resolution element.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0034-6748); 61; 158-164
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Technical challenges involved in supporting the Lambda Point Experiment (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Lambda Point Experiment (LPE) is one of the instruments included in the U.S. Microgravity Payload Mission 1 planned for one of the Space Shuttle flights in 1992. The objective of the experiment is to measure the heat capacity of liquid helium within a narrow interval around the transition between superfluid and normal helium (the lambda point) with an unprecedented temperature resolution of about 10 to the -10th. Multiple technical challenges are presented in the areas of structural support, safety analysis, and modal frequency tests. This paper describes the technical challenges of JPL's multidisciplinary involvement in support of these experiments in microgravity.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cryogenics, Supplement (ISSN 0011-2275); 30; 486-498
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Two-color holography concept (T-CHI) (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Material Processing in the Space Program of NASA-MSFC was active in developing numerous optical techniques for the characterization of fluids in the vicinity of various materials during crystallization and/or solidification. Two-color holographic interferometry demonstrates that temperature and concentration separation in transparent (T-CHI) model systems is possible. The experiments were performed for particular (succinonitrile) systems. Several solutions are possible in Microgravity Sciences and Applications (MSA) experiments on future Shuttle missions. The theory of the T-CHI concept is evaluated. Although particular cases are used for explanations, the concepts developed will be universal. A breadboard system design is also presented for ultimate fabrication and testing of theoretical findings. New developments in holography involving optical fibers and diode lasers are also incorporated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-CR-184240 , NAS 1.26:184240
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    A 128 x 128 InGaAs detector array for 1.0 - 1.7 microns (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A two-dimensional 128 x 128 detector array for the 1.0 - 1.7 micron spectral region has been demonstrated with indium gallium arsenide. The 30 micron square pixels had 60 micron spacing in both directions and were designed to be compatible with a 2D Reticon multiplexer. Dark currents below 100 pA, capacitance near 0.1 pF, and quantum efficiencies above 80 percent were measured. Probe maps of dark current and quantum efficiency are presented along with pixel dropout data and wafer yield which was as high as 99.89 percent (7 dropouts) in an area of 6528 pixels and 99.37 percent (103 dropouts) over an entire 128 x 128 pixel region.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Infrared Technology XVI; Jul 11, 1990 - Jul 13, 1990; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    A quadrant-CCD star tracker (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The characteristics of a quadrant-CCD designed for pointing and tracking are discussed with reference to its use in an adaptive optics program. The quadrant-CCD is used to correct stellar image motion proceeding from atmospheric turbulence by means of a system in which a sensor measures the image offset and sends data to a high-speed tip/tilt mirror. The design and control of the device are detailed, including four 100-micron-square pixels, the quadrant architecture, controller electronics, and data acquisition computer and interface. The transfer function is set forth in the x and y directions, and transfer curves are shown. A laboratory simulation of random image motion was conducted to evaluate the performance of the quadrant-CCD as an image motion sensor, and the experimental results are presented. The suitability of the quadrant-CCD for space-based pointing and tracking uses is demonstrated by this test and two earlier theoretical studies. Some future developments which improve performance capabilities are mentioned.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Charge-Coupled Devices and Solid State Optical Sensors; Feb 12, 1990 - Feb 14, 1990; Santa Clara, CA; United States
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Design for a 1-5-micron cryogenic echelle spectrograph for the NASA IRTF (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The design of an infrared cryogenic echelle spectrograph for use on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility is described. The resolving power achieved over the range 1-5.4 microns is 1-40,000 with slit widths of 2.0-0.5 arcsec. The spectrograph is used in a single order with a 30-arcsec-long slit. No cross dispersion is provided because of the small number of orders that can be observed at once and the need to keep the instrument as small as possible. A closed-cycle cooler is used in lieu of cryogens in order to achieve greater reliability and ease of use at the telescope. The optical layout, the design philosophy, the modes of operation, and the construction details are provided.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Instrumentation in Astronomy VII; Feb 13, 1990 - Feb 17, 1990; Tucson, AZ; United States
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Long-wavelength infrared detection in a Kastalsky-type superlattice structure (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The first successful demonstration of long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detection with a Kastalsky-type AlGaAs/GaAs superlattice structure is reported. The experimental response band of the detector is centered near 10 microns in very good agreement with the theoretical response band provided that electron-electron interactions are taken into account. The detector operates at significantly lower bias voltage than photoconductive multiple quantum well LWIR detectors. This could lead to important advantages in applications to photovoltaic detector arrays. The response at 83 K is about 50 percent of the response at 24 K.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Physics Letters (ISSN 0003-6951); 57; 503-505
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Magnetic detector for projectiles in tubes (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A new wall-mounted, magnetic detector is presented for measuring projectile passage times in tubes. The detector has the advantages of simplicity over laser and microwave techniques and has other advantages over the electrical contact wire technique. Representative data are presented. The detector is shown to be very insensitive to strong pressure waves and combustion, but able to detect the passage of the projectile (carrying one or two magnets) clearly. Two modes of operation of the detector are described and the use of these detectors to measure projectile velocities, accelerations, and spin rates is discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 28; 1942-194
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Simultaneous multivelocity component laser Doppler velocimetry using one digital frequency processor (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Digital frequency processing used in conjunction with optical frequency shifting is an ideal way to achieve simultaneous multivelocity component measurements in laser Doppler velocimetry. This becomes obvious once realized that multivelocity component information at different frequency offsets can be obtained directly from the composite frequency spectrum of a single-channel digital frequency processor. The approach has numerous advantages over the very popular approach of using a different laser wavelength, photodetector, and signal processor for each velocity component.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments (ISSN 0034-6748); 61; 1989
    Format: text
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