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  • Coleoptera  (18)
  • RFLP  (18)
  • Springer  (36)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (36)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1993  (22)
  • 1990  (14)
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  • Springer  (36)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (36)
  • 1980-1984
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Translocations ; Rye ; RFLP ; Genetic maps ; Comparative mapping ; Co-linearity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An RFLP-based genetic map of Secale Cereale has provided evidence for multiple evolutionary translocations in the rye genome relative to that of hexaploid wheat. DNA clones which have previously been mapped in wheat indicated that chromosome arms 2RS, 3RL, 4RL, 5RL, 6RS, 6RL, 7RS and 7RL have all been involved in at least one translocation. A possible evolutionary pathway, which accounts for the present day R genome relative to the A, B and D genomes of wheat, is presented. The relevance of these results for strategies designed to transfer useful genes from rye, and probably other related species, to wheat is discussed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 1049-1054 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Rye ; Dwarfism ; Vernalisation ; Genetic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary RFLP mapping of chromosome 5R in the F3 generation of a rye (Secale cereale L.) cross segregating for gibberellic acid (GA3)-insensitive dwarfness (Ct2/ct2) and spring growth habit (Sp1/sp1) identified RFLP loci close to each of these agronomically important genes. The level of RFLP in the segregating population was high, and thus allowed more than half of the RFLP loci to be mapped, despite partial homozygosity in the parental F2 plant. Eight further loci were mapped in an unrelated F2 rye population, and a further two were placed by inference from equivalent genetic maps of related wheat chromosomes, allowing a consensus map of rye chromosome 5R, consisting of 29 points and spanning 129 cM, to be constructed. The location of the ct2 dwarfing gene was shown to be separated from the segment of the primitive 4RL translocated to 5RL, and thus the gene is probably genetically unrelated to the major GA-insensitive Rht genes of wheat located on chromosome arms 4BS and 4DS. The map position of Sp1 is consistent both with those of wheat Vrn1 and Vrn3, present on chromosome arms 5AL and 5DL, respectively, and with barley Sh2 which is distally located on chromosome arm 7L (= 5HL).
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Mapping ; Barley ; Genome ; Centromeres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A map of the barley genome consisting of 295 loci was constructed. These loci include 152 cDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 114 genomic DNA RFLP, 14 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), five isozyme, two morphological, one disease resistance and seven specific amplicon polymorphism (SAP) markers. The RFLP-identified loci include 63 that were detected using cloned known function genes as probes. The map covers 1,250 centiMorgans (cM) with a 4.2 cM average distance between markers. The genetic lengths of the chromosomes range from 124 to 223 cM and are in approximate agreement with their physical lengths. The centromeres were localized to within a few markers on all of the barley chromosomes except chromosome 5. Telomeric regions were mapped for the short (plus) arms of chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 and the long (minus) arm of chromosomes 7.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 66 (1993), S. 191-196 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; distribution ; diapause ; overwintering ; mortality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 97-104 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Vigna ; Numerical taxonomy ; RFLP ; Asiatic grams ; Cowpea ; Bambara groundnut
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The taxonomy of the genus Vigna has been primarily based on morphological attributes. We have used 27 genomic clones from soybean, common bean, mungbean and cowpea to examine restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) among 44 accessions of different species belonging to four subgenera of the genus Vigna. One accession each of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max) was included in the study. Total DNA from the various genotypes was digested with one restriction enzyme (Eco RV). Results of a numerical taxonomic analysis showed a high level of genetic variation within the genus with a remarkably higher amount of variation associated with Vigna sp. from Africa relative to those from Asia. The distinctness of the Asiatic grams in subgenus Ceratotropis, cowpea in section Catiang, bambara groundnut (V. subterranean) and members of the subgenus Plectotropis was elucidated by this study. Members of the subgenus Plectotropis were closer in genome homology to those of subgenus Vigna section Catiang than to those of subgenus Ceratotropis. The relative positions of some genotypes to one another on the dendrogram and minimum spanning tree were discussed in regard to hybridisations aimed generating well-saturated genomic maps and interspecies transfer of desirable genes.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; RFLP ; 5S rDNA ; Genetic mapping ; Physical mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 5S rDNA locus on the long arm of barley chromosome 2(2H) was genetically mapped in two crosses in relation to 30 other RFLP loci. Comparison of the genetic maps with the previously published physical position of the 5S rDNA, determined by in-situ hybridization, showed that there was a marked discrepancy between physical and genetic distance in both crosses, with recombination being less frequent in the proximal part of the arm. Pooled information from the present study and other published genetic maps showed that at least 26 of the 44 (59%) RFLPs that have been mapped on 2(2H)L lie distal to the 5S rDNA locus even though this region is only 27% of the physical length of the arm. The distribution of RFLP markers is significantly different from expected (P 〈 0.01), implying that the low-copy sequences used for RFLP analysis occur more frequently in distal regions of the arm and, or, that sequences in distal regions are more polymorphic.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice blast ; RFLP ; Retrotransposon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic map of Magnaporthe grisea (anamorph=Pyricularia oryzae and P. grisea), the causal agent of rice blast disease, was generated from segregation data utilizing 97 RFLP markers, two isoenzyme loci and the mating type locus among progeny of a cross between parental strains Guy 11 and 2539. Of the seven chromosomes of M. Grisea, three were resolved by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoresis, while the remaining four migrated as two doublet bands. By utilizing differences between CHEF mobilities of unresolved chromosomes from the parental strains, Southern analysis with selected markers allowed the chromosomal assignment of all linkage groups. A small translocation involving 1 marker was found in the parental strains used to produce the segregating population from which the map was constructed. Nine classes of repetitive DNA elements were found in the genome of a fungal isolate pathogenic to rice. These occurred only a few times or not at all in the genomes of isolates showing reduced virulence on rice. One repetitive DNA was shown to have structural similarity to the Alu sequences found in primates, a sequence similarity to the copia-like elements of Drosophila, and peptide similarity to transposable elements found in Drosophila, other fungi, and higher plants.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Semiochemicals ; pheromones ; Dryocoetes confusus ; Dryocoetes affaber ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; enantiomers ; diastereoisomers ; exo-brevicomin ; endo-brevicomin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In a field-trapping experiment, western balsam bark beetles,Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, were highly attracted to a 5∶1 mixture of (±)-exo-and (±)-endo-brevicomin. Beetles in the sympatric speciesD. affaber (Mann.), were best attracted to a 1∶1 blend of these semiochemicals [either (±)∶(±) or (±)∶(±)], suggesting that both geometrical isomers are pheromone components in these species. In laboratory bioassays and further field experiments, attraction ofD. confusus was greatest when the (+) enantiomers of both geometrical isomers of brevicomin were presented in a 9∶1 ratio. Responses by maleD. confusus to attractive mixtures were reduced in the presence of (−)-exo-brevicomin. Exploitation of the complete range of variability in pheromone structure (both geometrical and optical isomerism) would allow for optimization and regulation of response levels within a species and also could maintain reproductive isolation among sympatric congeneric species primarily through production and response to species-specific blends.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cryptolestes ferrugineus ; C. pusillus ; Coleoptera ; Cucujidae ; aggregation pheromone ; macrocyclic lactone ; electroantennogram ; behavioural bioassay ; interspecific response ; thermal desorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Antennal and behavioral responses of the rust-red grain beetle,Cryptolestes ferrugineus, and the flat grain beetle,C. pusillus, to synthetic samples of the macrocyclic lactones reported to comprise their aggregation pheromones were investigated. Electroantennogram (EAG) recordings were obtained successfully from both species for the first time. Females of both species showed larger EAGs than males. The EAGs ofC. ferrugineus showed a high degree of specificity for conspecific aggregation pheromone components;C. pusillus showed much less specificity. Behavioral tests were conducted using two-choice pitfall bioassays. Separation of the results into the two effects of activity stimulation and direction finding showed that both effects contributed to the overall response, although sometimes to different extents. The strain ofC. pusillus studied responded equally well to both components of its pheromone, whereas it had been reported previously that only one was active, the other acting as a Synergist and eliciting no response when tested alone. With both species, behavioral response was elicited with a single lactone, suggesting that it might not be necessary to use both components for field use. Particularly surprising was thatC. pusillus showed a greater response to the pheromone components ofC. ferrugineus than to its own. Aeration of the two species and thermal desorption of the collected volatiles confirmed production of the expected lactones, and aeration of authentic lactones showed that the response was not due to the C.ferrugineus pheromone components being markedly more volatile. This response, which seems to be an actual preference, is the first to be discovered among the cucujid beetles and encourages optimism that a practical lure for various species may not need to be as complex as originally feared.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Phenolic acids ; resistance ; susceptibility ; maize ; maize weevil ; Sitophilus zeamais ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The (E)-ferulic acid content of the grain of nine populations of land races of maize derived from CIMMYT's collections was found to be negatively correlated to susceptibility characteristics towards the maize weevilSitophilus zeamais. Correlation coefficients for six susceptibility parameters and (E)-ferulic acid content were significant and ranged from −0.58 to −0.79. A multiple regression analysis by the SAS forward procedure using the primary seed characteristics associated with susceptibility indicated that the ferulic acid content was the only significant factor in explaining variation in at least two susceptibility parameters: the Dobie index and adult preference. In 15 CIMMYT pools, correlations between four susceptibility parameters and (E)-ferulic acid content were also significant (−0.76 to −0.81). The results suggest that phenolic acid content is a leading indicator of grain resistance or susceptibility to insects and may represent a newly identified mechanism of resistance.
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