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  • Chemistry  (619)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (224)
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (639)
  • 1988  (639)
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (639)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organosolv pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplars: I. Enzyme hydrolysis of cellulosic residues (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 643-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspen (Populus tremuloides) and black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) organosolv pulps produced in a wide range of solvent composition (between 30 and 70% by volume of methanol) and catalysts (H2SO4 and H3PO4) such that the cooking liquor pH ≤ 3 are easily digested by enzymes. The total yields of hydrolysis residues (pulps) are in the 40-60% range; the acid-catalyzed delignification followed by enzyme hydrolysis can generate 70-88% of the original six-carbon sugars contained in the wood. Glucomannan and arablnogalactan are dissolved into the pulping liquor in the pH range of 2-4.5. Lower pH (≤3) leads to additional solubilization of six-carbon sugars. These sugars may be fermented directly. From the insoluble hydrolysis residues, 36-41% conversions of wood into fermentable sugars were obtained after enzyme hydrolysis; the starting feedstocks contain 50.8 and 46.6% hexosans, respectively, for aspen and black cotton-wood. The kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose can be formally treated as two simultaneous pseudo-first-order reactions in which fast and slow hydrolyses of cellulose occur. Correlations between the glucan digestibility and the effect of the pretreatment have been made. The higher residual xylan content reduces the amount of the rapidly hydrolyzable glucan fraction and lowers the glucan digestibility. The proposed simple kinetic treatment is very helpful in assessing the effect of the pretreatment on pulp enzyme hydrolyzability.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310703
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fillers on the rheological behavior of thermoplastic 1,2 polybutadiene rubber (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 648-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The influence of fillers like clay, silica, and carbon black on the rheological properties of 1,2 polybutadiene has been studied using a capillary rheometer. Silica filled compound exhibited the highest viscosity and clay filled compound the lowest viscosity at all shear rates. The effect of filler loading and temperature on the Theological behavior has also been studied. Smooth extrudates were obtained in most of the cases and die swell was lower for silica and carbon black filled compounds than for clay filled compounds. Rheograms of different 1,2 polybutadiene systems have been found to merge into a master curve using modified viscosity and shear rate functions that contain melt flow index as a parameter.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760281003
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some physical properties of alkali-treated bhindi fiber (Hibiscus esculentus linn.) (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1601-1605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Structural features of bhindi fiber have been studied by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The fiber has multicellular structure and on alkali treatment, it behaves like other lignocellulosic fibers. Infrared spectra indicated that alkali degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose was quite significant in the fiber and that substantial portion of uronic acid was removed as a results of alkali treatment.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360707
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative surface chemical analysis of Au—Cu alloys with aes (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Japanese VAMAS-SCA working group is composed of 19 institutes. Three kinds of Au-Cu alloys (Au25 at%-Cu75 at%, Au50 at%-Cu50 at%, Au75 at%-Cu25 at%) were prepared, and these specimens were distributed to the members of Japanese VAMAS-SCA working group and Auger peak amplitude ratios were measured to clarify the correlation factor of different types of spectrometers. The comparison was carried out by using the relative sensitivity factor for Au and Cu. The relative sensitivity factor for lower energy varied from spectrometer to spectrometer, but that for higher energy did not vary so much. Therefore, to carry out the inter-laboratory comparison of the data, the transfer of the data of peak amplitude at higher energy should be recommended.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740120212
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on electrothermographic behaviour of poly(styrene-co-allyl alcohol) and leucomalachite green mixed system (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 39 (1988), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das elektrothermographische Verhalten von Poly(styren-co-allylalkohol) bei Sensibilisierung mit unterschiedlichen Mengen Leucomalachitgrün wurde untersucht. Die folgenden Parameter wurden ermittelt: Maximale Spannungsaufnahme, Abnahme des Oberflächenpotentials bei Raumtemperatur und bei Infrarotbestrahlung, Kontrastpotential, Restpotential und Thermoempfindlichkeit. Sowohl reine als auch sensibilisierte Filme zeigen eine beträchtliche Ladungsaufnahme bei einer Coronabehandlung. Die Zugabe des Thermosensibilisators führt zu einer Zunahme des Kontrastpotentials bei konstanter Infrarotbelichtung.
    Notes: The electrothermographic behaviour of poly(styrene-co-allyl alcohol) sensitized with different amounts of leucomalachite green has been studied. The following parameters were investigated: maximum acceptance potential, surface potential decay at room temperature and under infrared irradiation, contrast potential, residual potential, and thermosensitivity. Pure as well as sensitized layers show quite high charge acceptance on corona charging. Addition of the thermosensitizer causes an enhanced contrast potential at constant IR exposure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1988.010390306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Chemie der Alkylverbindungen von Übergangsmetallen. 52. Darstellung, Charakterisierung und Reaktionen von (C5H5)3Ce · THF und Na[Ce(C5H5)4] · THF (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 556 (1988), S. 170-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Organo Transition Metal Compounds. 52. Preparation, Characterization, and Reactions of (C5H5)3Ce · THF and Na[Ce(C5H5)4] · THF(C5H5)3 · THF (I) was synthesized in a simple manner by reaction of (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6] with C5H5Na. With excess C5H5Na the complex Na[Ce(C5H5)4] · THF (II) could be obtained.In addition of cyclovoltammetric and polarographic measurements it was tried without success to transfer I and II into organocerium(IV) compounds by means of different oxidizing agents. II reacts with I2 and (C6H5)3CCl forming Na[(C5H5)3CeI] · THF or Na[(C5H5)2CeI2] · 4 THF and I besides of (C6H5)3CCl respectively. At interaction of I with Co(acac)3 the cobalticinium salt [(C5H5)2Co][C5H5Ce(acac)3] is formed.The compounds obtained were characterized by elementary analysis, hydrolysis products, magnetic moments, i.r., 1H-n.m.r. und u.v.-vis spectra, and measurements of electric conductivity.
    Notes: (C5H5)3 · THF (I) kann auf bequeme Weise durch Umsetzung von (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6] mit C5H5Na erhalten werden. Bei Verwendung eines Überschusses von C5H5Na entsteht das bisher nicht beschriebene Na[Ce(C5H5)4] · THF (II).Ausgehend von cyclovoltammetrischen und polarographischen Messungen wurden Versuche zur Überführung von I und II in Organocer(IV)-Verbindungen mittels verschiedener Oxydationsmittel angestellt. Diese verliefen negativ im Sinne der Zielstellung. II reagiert mit I2 zu Na[(C5H5)3CeI] · THF bzw. Na[(C5H5)2CeI2]. 4 THF und mit (C6H5)3CCl zu (C5H5)3Ce · THF neben C5H5C(C6H5)3. Bei der Einwirkung von Co(acac)3 auf I entsteht das Cobalticinium-Salz [(C5H5)2Co][C5H5Ce(acac)3].Eine detaillierte Charakterisierung der erhaltenen Verbindungen erfolgte durch ihre Elementaranalysen, Hydrolysenprodukte, magnetischen Momente, IR-, 1H-NMR- und Elektronenspektren sowie durch Leitfähigkeitsmessungen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19885560118
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasielastische Lichtstreuung von gequollenen Siliconnetzwerken (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 39 (1988), S. 475-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Cooperative diffusion coefficients Dc of different polymer networks (PB, PDMS, PDMSM) at equilibrium swelling are measured by means of quasielastic light scattering. Dc is a function of the molecular mass of the network chains and the swelling degree at equilibrium, which can be described by the scaling theory. The hydrodynamic radii depend on the structure of the network chains. A sol portion in the network influences the shape of the measured auto-correlation function. The existence of a slow motion, similar to that in concentrated polymer solution, could be shown.
    Notes: Mit der quasielastischen Lichtstreuung wurden von vershiedenen polymeren Netzwerken (PB, PDMS, PDMSM) im Zustand der Gleichgewichtsquellung kooperative Diffusionskoeffizienten Dc gemessen. Dc ist eine Funktion der Molmasse der Netzwerketten und des Gleichgewichtsquellungsgrades, die durch die scaling-Theorie beschreibbar ist. Die hydrodynamischen Radien sind vom Aufbau der Netzketten abhängig. Ein Solanteil im Netzwerk beeinflußt die Form der gemesenen Autokorrelationsfunktion. Die Existenz einer langsamen Bewegung, ähnlich der bei konzentrierten polymeren Lösungen, konnte gezeigt werden.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1988.010390902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon-13 NMR spectra of 1,6-bis derivatives of hexa-2,4-diynes (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 26 (1988), S. 626-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 13C NMR ; Hexa-2,4-diynes ; Sulphones Sulphoxides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C NMR data for 1,6-bis derivatives of hexa-2,4-diynes are reported. Introduction of a sulphone or sulphoxide moiety at C-1, C-6 in place of sulphide, ether or amino groups caused a 6-7 ppm upfield shift (β effect) for the C-2, C-5 carbons and a 3-4 ppm downfield shift (y effect) for the C-3, C-4 carbons.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260260720
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on process variables for natural fiber composites - effect of polyesteramide polyol as interfacial agent (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 973-985 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A systematic study of the process variables for polyester composites based on different natural fibers like jute, sisal, ramie, and pineapple has been made with a view to determine the most suitable processing conditions for such composites. Effect of polyesteramide polyol (PEAP) as interfacial agent in such composites has also been discussed. Fracture modes of jute/polyester (JP) composite sample having different fiber volume fractions have been examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fracture surfaces of untreated and PEAP-treated JP composite samples have been examined in SEM, both before and after 72 h immersion in boiling water, to study the nature of interfacial bonding on fiber treatment with PEAP. A qualitative improvement in bonding in case of PEAP-treated JP composites is evident from SEM photomicrographs. This is also supported by physicomechanical properties of the composite samples.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350412
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on phosphorylation reaction for the synthesis of soluble amino terminated oligomers of aromatic polyamides and their block copolymers with polybutadiene (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 493-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1988.140261201
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