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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternating current calorimetry of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine multilayers: hysteresis and annealing near the gel to liquid-crystal transition (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 20 (1981), S. 6740-6744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00526a033
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restricting oxygen supply to the prospective dorsal side does not reverse axis polarity in embryos of Xenopus laevis (1996)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 206 (1996), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Xenopus ; Embryonic axis ; Polarity ; Determination ; Gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  During the first cell cycle, the prospective dorsal side of the embryo of Xenopus laevis becomes enriched in mitochondria relative to the ventral side. This differential distribution of mitochondria persists throughout early development, but it is not known if it is of functional significance, since there do not appear to be dorsal-ventral differences in metabolic rate. However, the unilateral anaerobiosis experiments of Landström and Løvtrup do suggest a role for energy metabolism in determining axis polarity. These experiments apparently show that restricting oxygen supply to the prospective dorsal side causes a reversal of dorsal-ventral axis polarity. We have reinvestigated this point using cell-marking techniques. We find that although gastrulation is initiated at the open end of the tube, the polarity of neural plate development is unaffected. Thus, definitive dorsal-ventral polarity is not affected by the experimental treatment, and it is unlikely that gradients of energy metabolism have a role in specifying axis polarity in X. laevis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050040
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the cytoplasmic fibrils of Treponema refringens (Nichols) (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 120 (1979), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic fibrils ; Treponemes ; Treponema refringens ; Fine structure ; Cell lysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cytoplasmic fibrils of Treponema refringens were studied in situ by electron microscopy of thin sectioned and negatively stained cells. From 5 to 21 parallel fibrils ran through the cell in a band adjacent to the inner side of the cytoplasmic membrane, on the inner sides of the curves of the spirochete. The nuclear areas of cells were adjacent to the fibrils. Cross sections of fibrils isolated from cells which had been lysed were polygonal and not uniformly electron dense. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of partially purified fibril preparations indicated their main component to be a protein with a molecular weight of 97,000. Fibrils were solubilized by 1% trypsin, 1% pronase, 6 M urea, 1 N HCl, 0.005 N NaOH or 1.3% sodium dodecyl sulfate. By electron microscopy of negatively stained isolated fibrils, each fibril was found to be a complex arrangement of strands rather than a single tubule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423067
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of treponema pallidum Nichols following lysis by physical and chemical methods (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 76 (1971), S. 308-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Normal cells of the Nichols non-pathogenic strain of Treponema pallidum were disrupted by one or a combination of physical and chemical procedures. Cells and cellular fragments were then observed in the electron microscope by means of three techniques: negative staining, thin sectioning, and freeze-etching. Changes in typical morphology were noted and individual organelles were isolated for detailed structural analysis. 2. The cell envelope, a triple-layered structure, was sensitive to trypsin, sodium deoxycholate, sodium lauryl sulfate, diethyl ether, hyaluronidase and a combination of lysozyme and rapid freeze-thawing. The envelope contained polygonal subunits that consisted of at least three components. 3. The cover of the protoplasmic cylinder was composed of two unit membranes interpreted to be the cell wall and cell membrane. The cell wall, which retained its spiral shape after removal of the cell envelope, was sensitive to lysozyme. The cell membrane was the site of attachment of the axial filaments. 4. A band of parallel fibrils, attached to the innermost layer of the cell membrane, wrapped around the protoplasmic cylinder in a spiral fashion. The fibrils, sensitive to trypsin, were released from the cell membrane by sodium lauryl sulfate
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408528
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of Treponema pallidum Nichols following lysis by physical and chemical methods (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 76 (1971), S. 325-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Axial filaments from the Nichols non-pathogenic strain of Treponema pallidum were exposed and isolated by a combination of physical and chemical procedures and subsequently observed in the electron microscope by both thin sectioning and negative staining. 2. Axial filaments were characterized by two principal components: a filament and an encasing striated tubule. The filament consisted of a muschroom-shaped basal body located just inside the cell membrane, a hook that traversed the cell membrane and cell wall, and a core surrounded by a sheath located in the pericylinder space. The core, sheath and hook demonstrated globular subunits that often formed oblique striations. 3. The striated tubule that surrounded the filament was composed of a banded layer with a regular periodicity, a cover that originated from the cell envelope, and a terminal knob that assumed a variety of configurations. The striated tubule remained intact even without its enclosed filament. 4. A model for the relationship between the axial filament and the whole organism was presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408529
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of freeze-etchedTreponema refringens (Nichols) (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 117 (1978), S. 227-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Morphology ; Freeze-etch ; Treponemes ; Preparation artifacts ; Treponema refringens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The freeze-etch technique was used to study the morphology ofTreponema refringens (Nichols). There is a single band of cytoplasmic fibrils which follows a path in the form of a right-handed helix with a periodicity of 1500 nm around the body of the treponeme just below the cytoplasmic membrane. There are two major fracture planes, one located in the interior of the outer envelope and the second in the interior of the cytoplasmic membrane. The “blebs” or “surface protuberances”, which are quite prominent in negativestained preparations, were not evident with freeze-etch preparation, indicating they are not a part of the normal structure of this organism. The outer envelope in untreated cells was observed to closely fit the body of the treponeme, whereas the outer envelope of glutaraldehyde-treated cells had a loose, wrinkled appearance. Thus the “loose-fitting” outer envelope generally described for treponemes is most likely an artifact of preparation for negative-staining and thinsectioning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00738540
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cytology of Hansenula (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 79 (1971), S. 231-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Ascosporogenesis of a diploid strain of Hansenula wingei was studied by electron microscopic examination of thin-sectioned cells and freeze-etch replicas. 2. Ascospore morphogenesis starts with proliferation of the endoplasmic reticulum which assumes a prominent position between the nucleus and the cytoplasmic vacuole. 3. Partitioning of the nucleus begins with invagination of the nuclear membrane, first in one plane and then in second plane perpendicular to the first, resulting in nuclear lobulation. Without loss of integrity of the nuclear membrane, the lobate nuclear mass segments into four meiotic products. 4. Endoplasmic reticulum becomes aligned around and between the daughter nuclei, and eventually a double track of endoplasmic reticulum encloses each to form the spore initials. 5. Maturation proceeds with separation of the two tracks of investing membrane and deposition of mucopolysaccharide in the intercisternal space. Deposition begins at the apices of the spore initials, continues toward the central body, and eventually continues around the body as the hat-shaped profile of mature ascospores is assumed. 6. The inner track of investing membrane becomes the plasmalemma of the ascospore, and the outer track becomes the outer limiting layer of the spore wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408786
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “ENDOTROPHIC” SPORULATION (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 102 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13674.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of the methylthiol ester of 3-phosphoglyceric acid catalyzed by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 80 (1959), S. 236-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(59)90248-6
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Provisional Mechanism for Regulating the Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 191 (1993), S. 95-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.1189
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