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  • Articles  (148)
  • Animals  (124)
  • Engineering  (14)
  • Engineering General  (14)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (10)
  • 1980-1984  (148)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1981  (148)
  • Physics  (134)
  • Technology  (12)
  • Geosciences  (2)
Collection
  • Articles  (148)
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  • 1980-1984  (148)
  • 1940-1944
Year
Journal
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  • 1
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    Cloned viral protein vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease: responses in cattle and swine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: A DNA sequence coding for the immunogenic capsid protein VP3 of foot-and-mouth disease virus A12, prepared from the virion RNA, was ligated to a plasmid designed to express a chimeric protein from the Escherichia coli tryptophan promoter-operator system. When Escherichia coli transformed with this plasmid was grown in tryptophan-depleted media, approximately 17 percent of the total cellular protein was found to be an insoluble and stable chimeric protein. The purified chimeric protein competed equally on a molar basis with VP3 for specific antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus. When inoculated into six cattle and two swine, this protein elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody and protection against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleid, D G -- Yansura, D -- Small, B -- Dowbenko, D -- Moore, D M -- Grubman, M J -- McKercher, P D -- Morgan, D O -- Robertson, B H -- Bachrach, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*prevention & control ; Immunity, Cellular ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/*prevention & control ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Vaccines ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Hyperkeratosis induced by sunlight degradation products of the major polybrominated biphenyl in Firemaster (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Sunlight photodegradation of 2,2', 4,4', 5,5' -hexabromobiphenyl, the major component of Firemaster, gave a mixture that produces severe hyperkeratosis of the rabbit ear. This component in its pure state does not cause hyperkeratosis. One or more of the four major photolysis products must be responsible for this activity. A similar photodegradation pattern was observed for 2,2', 3,4,4', 5,5' -heptabromobiphenyl, the second largest component of Firemaster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patterson, D G -- Hill, R H -- Needham, L L -- Orti, D L -- Kimbrough, R D -- Liddle, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):901-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6266016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biphenyl Compounds/radiation effects ; Chemical Industry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Environmental Exposure ; Keratosis/*chemically induced ; Michigan ; Photochemistry ; *Polybrominated Biphenyls/radiation effects ; Rabbits ; Sunlight
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Sustained intracerebroventricular infusion of brain fuels reduces body weight and food intake in rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Long-term infusion of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and glycerol into the third ventricle of the rat brain caused a stabilization of body weight at a lower than normal level. Among the glucose- and glycerol-treated animals this weight loss was caused in part by temporary hypophagia. Among the animals treated with beta-hydroxybutyrate the weight loss was unaccompanied by a reduction in food intake. The results are consistent with the view that the systems controlling food intake and body weight are sensitive to the availability of brain fuels. They are not consistent however, with the view that these control systems monitor calories independently of their source.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, J D -- Wirtshafter, D -- Asin, K E -- Brief, D -- AM 26030/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7193909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Animals ; *Appetite Regulation/drug effects ; *Body Weight/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*physiology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Drinking/drug effects ; *Eating/drug effects ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; Glycerol/*pharmacology ; Hydroxybutyrates/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Hypothalamus/drug effects ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic stress concentration studies by boundary integrals and Laplace transform (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 17 (1981), S. 573-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The dynamic stress field and its concentrations around holes of arbitrary shape in infinitely extended bodies under plane stress or plane strain conditions are numerically determined. The material may be linear elastic or viscoelastic, while the dynamic load consists of plane compressional waves of harmonic or general transient nature. The method consists of applying the Laplace transform with respect to time to the governing equations of motion and formulating and solving the problem numerically in the transfomed domain by the boundary integral equation method. The stress field can then be obtaind by a numerical inversion of the trasformed solution. The correspondence principle is invoked for the case of viscoelastic material behavious. The method is simplified for the case of harmonic waves where no numerical inversion is involved.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620170407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic exposure to 60-Hz electric fields: Effects on pineal function in the rat (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 2 (1981), S. 371-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: electric fields ; 60 Hz ; pineal gland ; circadian rhythm ; melatonin ; 5 methoxytryptophol ; acetyl transferase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: As a component of studies to search for effects of 60-Hz electric field exposure on mammalian endocrine function, concentrations of melatonin, 5-methoxytryptophol, and serotonin-Nacetyl transferase activity were measured in the pineal glands of rats exposed or sham-exposed at 65 kV/m for 30 days. In two replicate experiments there were statistically significant differences between exposed and control rats in that the normal nocturnal increase in pineal melatonin content was depressed in the exposed animals. Concentrations of 5-methoxytryptophol were increased in the pineal glands of the exposed groups when compared to shamexposed controls. An alteration was also observed in serotonin-N-acetyl transferase activity, with lower levels measured in pineal glands from exposed animals.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250020408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and metabolism of rodents exposed to 60-Hz electric fields (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 2 (1981), S. 381-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: 60-Hz electric fields ; body weight ; oxygen consumption ; rat ; mouse ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: There have been a number of reports in the literature concerning growth-related changes in various animal species exposed to high-strength electric fields. Many of the laboratories reporting such effects have not documented and controlled for the secondary factors that are associated with generating high-strength electric fields (ie, corona, ozone, harmonic distortion, cage vibration, spark discharge). We have designed an exposure system in which we eliminated or minimized these secondary factors, therefore enabling us to examine only the effects of electric fields per se. Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss-Webster mice were exposed to 60-Hz electric fields at kV/m for up to four months. In 17 individual experiments, we found a greater number of experiments in which the exposed rats had lower body weights than controls. This trend was not evident in data obtained from 14 individual mouse experiments. In more exhaustive growth studies, we found no significant differences in body weights, organ weights, or O2 consumption between exposed and sham-exposed controls. Our failure to detect any major changes in growth was probably the result of eliminating or minimizing the secondary factors associated with electric field exposure.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250020409
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  • 7
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    Persistent behavior at high rates maintained by intravenous self-administration of nicotine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-30
    Description: Squirrel monkeys pressed a level at high rates under a second-order schedule of reinforcement in which level pressing produced a brief visual stimulus that was occasionally contiguous with an intravenous injection of nicotine. The rate of lever pressing could be markedly reduced either by substituting saline for nicotine injections or by blocking the effects of nicotine with mecamylamine. The rate of level pressing could be reduced by eliminating the brief visual stimulus. These results show that nicotine can function as an effective reinforcer under a second-order schedule of drug self-administration and that an environmental stimulus associated with nicotine intake can contribute to the maintenance of persistent drug-seeking behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, S R -- Spealman, R D -- Goldberg, D M -- DA00499/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA02658/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH07658/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 30;214(4520):573-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Nicotine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Reinforcement (Psychology)/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Self Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Tonic immobility produces hyperalgesia and antagonizes morphine analgesia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Hyperalgesia was demonstrated during and immediately after termination of tonic immobility in the lizard Anolis carolinensis. Additionally, tonic immobility antagonized morphine-induced analgesia. In conjunction with other research, these data suggest that the response is accompanied by a reduced availability of serotonin, possibly at postsynaptic receptors of raphe neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mauk, M D -- Olson, R D -- LaHoste, G J -- Olson, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):353-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Lizards ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; *Restraint, Physical ; Serotonin/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement in the dog (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: A genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) has been identified in a colony of Brittany spaniels. Immunochemical methods show no detectable C3 in the serum of the affected dogs, and there is no evidence of an inhibitor of C3 in the serum. The C3 deficiency appears to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winkelstein, J A -- Cork, L C -- Griffin, D E -- Griffin, J W -- Adams, R J -- Price, D L -- AI-11637/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-00130/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1169-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Complement C3/deficiency/*genetics ; Dog Diseases/genetics ; Dogs ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Heterozygote Detection ; Homozygote ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy/genetics/veterinary ; Pedigree
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuation: a quantitative probe of beat-to-beat cardiovascular control (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuations provides a quantitative noninvasive means of assessing the functioning of the short-term cardiovascular control systems. We show that sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activity make frequency-specific contributions to the heart rate power spectrum, and that renin-angiotensin system activity strongly modulates the amplitude of the spectral peak located at 0.04 hertz. Our data therefore provide evidence that the renin-angiotensin system plays a significant role in short-term cardiovascular control in the time scale of seconds to minutes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akselrod, S -- Gordon, D -- Ubel, F A -- Shannon, D C -- Berger, A C -- Cohen, R J -- HL 19467/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- SO7 RR 07047/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):220-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensins/physiology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; *Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Computers ; Dogs ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Glycopyrrolate/pharmacology ; *Heart Rate/drug effects ; Methods ; Nitroprusside/pharmacology ; Oligopeptides/pharmacology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Renin/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Teprotide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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