ALBERT

Description: A variety of organisms have evolved mechanisms to detect and respond to light, in which the response is mediated by protein structural changes after photon absorption. The initial step is often the photoisomerization of a conjugated chromophore. Isomerization occurs on ultrafast time scales and is substantially influenced by the chromophore environment. Here we identify structural changes associated with the earliest steps in the trans-to-cis isomerization of the chromophore in photoactive yellow protein. Femtosecond hard x-ray pulses emitted by the Linac Coherent Light Source were used to conduct time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography on photoactive yellow protein microcrystals over a time range from 100 femtoseconds to 3 picoseconds to determine the structural dynamics of the photoisomerization reaction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pande, Kanupriya -- Hutchison, Christopher D M -- Groenhof, Gerrit -- Aquila, Andy -- Robinson, Josef S -- Tenboer, Jason -- Basu, Shibom -- Boutet, Sebastien -- DePonte, Daniel P -- Liang, Mengning -- White, Thomas A -- Zatsepin, Nadia A -- Yefanov, Oleksandr -- Morozov, Dmitry -- Oberthuer, Dominik -- Gati, Cornelius -- Subramanian, Ganesh -- James, Daniel -- Zhao, Yun -- Koralek, Jake -- Brayshaw, Jennifer -- Kupitz, Christopher -- Conrad, Chelsie -- Roy-Chowdhury, Shatabdi -- Coe, Jesse D -- Metz, Markus -- Xavier, Paulraj Lourdu -- Grant, Thomas D -- Koglin, Jason E -- Ketawala, Gihan -- Fromme, Raimund -- Srajer, Vukica -- Henning, Robert -- Spence, John C H -- Ourmazd, Abbas -- Schwander, Peter -- Weierstall, Uwe -- Frank, Matthias -- Fromme, Petra -- Barty, Anton -- Chapman, Henry N -- Moffat, Keith -- van Thor, Jasper J -- Schmidt, Marius -- P41GM103393/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001209/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01EY024363/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM095583/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24GM111072/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 May 6;352(6286):725-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5081. Epub 2016 May 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. ; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK. ; Nanoscience Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, Post Office Box 35, 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. ; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. ; Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. ; School of Molecular Sciences and Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. IMPRS-UFAST, Max Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany. ; Hauptman-Woodward Institute, State University of New York at Buffalo, 700 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA. ; Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. ; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA. ; Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany. ; Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27151871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process in plasmas whereby stored magnetic energy is converted into heat and kinetic energy of charged particles. Reconnection occurs in many astrophysical plasma environments and in laboratory plasmas. Using very high time resolution measurements, NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) has found direct evidence for electron demagnetization and acceleration at sites along the sunward boundary of Earth's magnetosphere where the interplanetary magnetic field reconnects with the terrestrial magnetic field. We have (i) observed the conversion of magnetic energy to particle energy, (ii) measured the electric field and current, which together cause the dissipation of magnetic energy, and (iii) identified the electron population that carries the current as a result of demagnetization and acceleration within the reconnection diffusion/dissipation region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burch, J L -- Torbert, R B -- Phan, T D -- Chen, L-J -- Moore, T E -- Ergun, R E -- Eastwood, J P -- Gershman, D J -- Cassak, P A -- Argall, M R -- Wang, S -- Hesse, M -- Pollock, C J -- Giles, B L -- Nakamura, R -- Mauk, B H -- Fuselier, S A -- Russell, C T -- Strangeway, R J -- Drake, J F -- Shay, M A -- Khotyaintsev, Yu V -- Lindqvist, P-A -- Marklund, G -- Wilder, F D -- Young, D T -- Torkar, K -- Goldstein, J -- Dorelli, J C -- Avanov, L A -- Oka, M -- Baker, D N -- Jaynes, A N -- Goodrich, K A -- Cohen, I J -- Turner, D L -- Fennell, J F -- Blake, J B -- Clemmons, J -- Goldman, M -- Newman, D -- Petrinec, S M -- Trattner, K J -- Lavraud, B -- Reiff, P H -- Baumjohann, W -- Magnes, W -- Steller, M -- Lewis, W -- Saito, Y -- Coffey, V -- Chandler, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 May 12. pii: aaf2939.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. jburch@swri.edu. ; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA. ; University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. ; NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA. ; University of Colorado LASP, Boulder, CO, USA. ; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK. ; West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA. ; University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA. ; Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria. ; Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA. ; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. ; University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ; University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. ; Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden. ; Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA. ; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. ; Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA. ; Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Toulouse, France. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. ; Institute for Space and Astronautical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan. ; NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27174677" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Regrowth of tropical secondary forests following complete or nearly complete removal of forest vegetation actively stores carbon in aboveground biomass, partially counterbalancing carbon emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, burning of fossil fuels, and other anthropogenic sources. We estimate the age and spatial extent of lowland second-growth forests in the Latin American tropics and model their potential aboveground carbon accumulation over four decades. Our model shows that, in 2008, second-growth forests (1 to 60 years old) covered 2.4 million km 2 of land (28.1% of the total study area). Over 40 years, these lands can potentially accumulate a total aboveground carbon stock of 8.48 Pg C (petagrams of carbon) in aboveground biomass via low-cost natural regeneration or assisted regeneration, corresponding to a total CO 2 sequestration of 31.09 Pg CO 2 . This total is equivalent to carbon emissions from fossil fuel use and industrial processes in all of Latin America and the Caribbean from 1993 to 2014. Ten countries account for 95% of this carbon storage potential, led by Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela. We model future land-use scenarios to guide national carbon mitigation policies. Permitting natural regeneration on 40% of lowland pastures potentially stores an additional 2.0 Pg C over 40 years. Our study provides information and maps to guide national-level forest-based carbon mitigation plans on the basis of estimated rates of natural regeneration and pasture abandonment. Coupled with avoided deforestation and sustainable forest management, natural regeneration of second-growth forests provides a low-cost mechanism that yields a high carbon sequestration potential with multiple benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services.

Description: The widespread popularity of density functional theory has given rise to an extensive range of dedicated codes for predicting molecular and crystalline properties. However, each code implements the formalism in a different way, raising questions about the reproducibility of such predictions. We report the results of a community-wide effort that compared 15 solid-state codes, using 40 different potentials or basis set types, to assess the quality of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof equations of state for 71 elemental crystals. We conclude that predictions from recent codes and pseudopotentials agree very well, with pairwise differences that are comparable to those between different high-precision experiments. Older methods, however, have less precise agreement. Our benchmark provides a framework for users and developers to document the precision of new applications and methodological improvements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lejaeghere, Kurt -- Bihlmayer, Gustav -- Bjorkman, Torbjorn -- Blaha, Peter -- Blugel, Stefan -- Blum, Volker -- Caliste, Damien -- Castelli, Ivano E -- Clark, Stewart J -- Dal Corso, Andrea -- de Gironcoli, Stefano -- Deutsch, Thierry -- Dewhurst, John Kay -- Di Marco, Igor -- Draxl, Claudia -- Dulak, Marcin -- Eriksson, Olle -- Flores-Livas, Jose A -- Garrity, Kevin F -- Genovese, Luigi -- Giannozzi, Paolo -- Giantomassi, Matteo -- Goedecker, Stefan -- Gonze, Xavier -- Granas, Oscar -- Gross, E K U -- Gulans, Andris -- Gygi, Francois -- Hamann, D R -- Hasnip, Phil J -- Holzwarth, N A W -- Iusan, Diana -- Jochym, Dominik B -- Jollet, Francois -- Jones, Daniel -- Kresse, Georg -- Koepernik, Klaus -- Kucukbenli, Emine -- Kvashnin, Yaroslav O -- Locht, Inka L M -- Lubeck, Sven -- Marsman, Martijn -- Marzari, Nicola -- Nitzsche, Ulrike -- Nordstrom, Lars -- Ozaki, Taisuke -- Paulatto, Lorenzo -- Pickard, Chris J -- Poelmans, Ward -- Probert, Matt I J -- Refson, Keith -- Richter, Manuel -- Rignanese, Gian-Marco -- Saha, Santanu -- Scheffler, Matthias -- Schlipf, Martin -- Schwarz, Karlheinz -- Sharma, Sangeeta -- Tavazza, Francesca -- Thunstrom, Patrik -- Tkatchenko, Alexandre -- Torrent, Marc -- Vanderbilt, David -- van Setten, Michiel J -- Van Speybroeck, Veronique -- Wills, John M -- Yates, Jonathan R -- Zhang, Guo-Xu -- Cottenier, Stefaan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):aad3000. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. ; Peter Grunberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Julich and JARA (Julich Aachen Research Alliance), D-52425 Julich, Germany. ; Department of Physics, Abo Akademi, FI-20500 Turku, Finland. Centre of Excellence in Computational Nanoscience (COMP) and Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Post Office Box 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. ; Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogenie-Modeling and Material Exploration Department (INAC-MEM), Laboratoire de Simulation Atomistique (L_Sim), F-38042 Grenoble, France. Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-MEM, L_Sim, F-38054 Grenoble, France. ; Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. ; International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and DEMOCRITOS, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. ; Max-Planck-Institut fur Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Institut fur Physik and Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences (IRIS)-Adlershof, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Zum Grossen Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. ; Center for Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. ; Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. ; Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Physics, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy. ; Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences-Nanoscopic Physics (NAPS), Universite Catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Etoiles 8, BE-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. ; Institut fur Physik, Universitat Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Department of Computer Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA. Mat-Sim Research, Post Office Box 742, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA. ; Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA. ; Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK. ; CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. ; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK. ; Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. ; LeibnizInstitut fur Festkorper- und Werkstoffforschung (IFW) Dresden, Post Office Box 270 116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universitat Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. ; Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and DEMOCRITOS, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. ; Institut fur Physik and Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences (IRIS)-Adlershof, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Zum Grossen Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. ; LeibnizInstitut fur Festkorper- und Werkstoffforschung (IFW) Dresden, Post Office Box 270 116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. ; Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan. ; Institut de Mineralogie, de Physique des Materiaux, et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universites-Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7590, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) Unite de Recherche 206, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. ; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK. ; Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. High Performance Computing Unit, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S9, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium. ; Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK. ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK. ; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Department, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5050, USA. ; Institute for Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. ; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA. ; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. ; Institute of Theoretical and Simulational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China. ; Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) is the major receptor for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C). In humans, high amounts of HDL-C in plasma are associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Mice that have depleted Scarb1 (SR-BI knockout mice) have markedly elevated HDL-C levels but, paradoxically, increased atherosclerosis. The impact of SR-BI on HDL metabolism and CHD risk in humans remains unclear. Through targeted sequencing of coding regions of lipid-modifying genes in 328 individuals with extremely high plasma HDL-C levels, we identified a homozygote for a loss-of-function variant, in which leucine replaces proline 376 (P376L), in SCARB1, the gene encoding SR-BI. The P376L variant impairs posttranslational processing of SR-BI and abrogates selective HDL cholesterol uptake in transfected cells, in hepatocyte-like cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from the homozygous subject, and in mice. Large population-based studies revealed that subjects who are heterozygous carriers of the P376L variant have significantly increased levels of plasma HDL-C. P376L carriers have a profound HDL-related phenotype and an increased risk of CHD (odds ratio = 1.79, which is statistically significant).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zanoni, Paolo -- Khetarpal, Sumeet A -- Larach, Daniel B -- Hancock-Cerutti, William F -- Millar, John S -- Cuchel, Marina -- DerOhannessian, Stephanie -- Kontush, Anatol -- Surendran, Praveen -- Saleheen, Danish -- Trompet, Stella -- Jukema, J Wouter -- De Craen, Anton -- Deloukas, Panos -- Sattar, Naveed -- Ford, Ian -- Packard, Chris -- Majumder, Abdullah al Shafi -- Alam, Dewan S -- Di Angelantonio, Emanuele -- Abecasis, Goncalo -- Chowdhury, Rajiv -- Erdmann, Jeanette -- Nordestgaard, Borge G -- Nielsen, Sune F -- Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne -- Schmidt, Ruth Frikke -- Kuulasmaa, Kari -- Liu, Dajiang J -- Perola, Markus -- Blankenberg, Stefan -- Salomaa, Veikko -- Mannisto, Satu -- Amouyel, Philippe -- Arveiler, Dominique -- Ferrieres, Jean -- Muller-Nurasyid, Martina -- Ferrario, Marco -- Kee, Frank -- Willer, Cristen J -- Samani, Nilesh -- Schunkert, Heribert -- Butterworth, Adam S -- Howson, Joanna M M -- Peloso, Gina M -- Stitziel, Nathan O -- Danesh, John -- Kathiresan, Sekar -- Rader, Daniel J -- CHD Exome+ Consortium -- CARDIoGRAM Exome Consortium -- Global Lipids Genetics Consortium -- R01 DK089256/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL117078/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- TL1 RR024133/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- TL1R000138/PHS HHS/ -- TL1RR024133/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1166-71. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3517.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. INSERM UMR 1166 ICAN, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France. ; INSERM UMR 1166 ICAN, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France. ; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan. ; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. ; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. The Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. ; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. ; Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. ; Glasgow Clinical Research Facility, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. ; National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. ; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh. ; Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. ; Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lubeck, Lubeck 23562, Germany. ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark. ; Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. ; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. ; Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. ; Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France. ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. ; Department of Epidemiology, Toulouse University-CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France. ; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. ; Research Centre in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. ; UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland. ; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Human Genetics, and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. ; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hotel, Leicester, UK. ; Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. ; Broad Institute and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Genetics, and the McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. ; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. ; Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. rader@mail.med.upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: A DNA sequence coding for the immunogenic capsid protein VP3 of foot-and-mouth disease virus A12, prepared from the virion RNA, was ligated to a plasmid designed to express a chimeric protein from the Escherichia coli tryptophan promoter-operator system. When Escherichia coli transformed with this plasmid was grown in tryptophan-depleted media, approximately 17 percent of the total cellular protein was found to be an insoluble and stable chimeric protein. The purified chimeric protein competed equally on a molar basis with VP3 for specific antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus. When inoculated into six cattle and two swine, this protein elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody and protection against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleid, D G -- Yansura, D -- Small, B -- Dowbenko, D -- Moore, D M -- Grubman, M J -- McKercher, P D -- Morgan, D O -- Robertson, B H -- Bachrach, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉