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  • Articles  (404)
  • Animals  (247)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (93)
  • Organic Chemistry  (64)
  • 1980-1984  (404)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1983  (221)
  • 1980  (183)
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  • Articles  (404)
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  • 1980-1984  (404)
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
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    The thymus-adrenal connection: thymosin has corticotropin-releasing activity in primates (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: Endotoxin-free thymosin fraction 5 elevated corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and cortisol in a dose- and time-dependent fashion when administered intravenously to prepubertal cynomolgus monkeys. Two synthetic component peptides of thymosin fraction 5 had no acute effects on pituitary function, suggesting that some other peptides in thymosin fraction 5 were responsible for its corticotropin-releasing activity. In agreement with these observations, total thymectomy of juvenile macaques was associated with decreases in plasma cortisol, corticotropin, and beta-endorphin. These findings indicate that the prepubertal primate thymus contains corticotropin-releasing activity that may contribute to a physiological immunoregulatory circuit between the developing immunological and pituitary-adrenal systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Healy, D L -- Hodgen, G D -- Schulte, H M -- Chrousos, G P -- Loriaux, D L -- Hall, N R -- Goldstein, A L -- CA 24974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6318312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*blood ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/blood ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Kinetics ; Macaca fascicularis ; Thymectomy ; Thymosin/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology ; Thymus Gland/*physiology ; beta-Endorphin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Monoclonal antibodies reveal the structural basis of antibody diversity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Hybridoma technology has made it possible to introduce into continuous culture normal antibody-forming cells and to obtain large amounts of the immunoglobulin produced by each of these cells. Examination of the structure of a number of monoclonal antibodies that react with a single antigen has provided new information on the structural basis of the specificity and affinity of antibodies. Comparisons of families of monoclonal antibodies derived from a single germ line gene revealed the importance of somatic mutation in generating antibody diversity. Monoclonal antibodies that react with variable regions of other monoclonals allow the further dissection and modulation of the immune response. Finally, the continued somatic instability of immunoglobulin genes in cultured antibody-forming cells makes it possible to determine the rate of somatic mutation and to generate mutant monoclonal antibodies that may be more effective serological reagents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Teillaud, J L -- Desaymard, C -- Giusti, A M -- Haseltine, B -- Pollock, R R -- Yelton, D E -- Zack, D J -- Scharff, M D -- 5T32GM7288/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AI05231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10702/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):721-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/*immunology ; *Antibody Diversity ; Antibody Specificity ; Genes ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Nicarbazin complex yields dinitrocarbanilide as ultrafine crystals with improved anticoccidial activity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: Nicarbazin, a drug used to control the protozoal disease coccidiosis in poultry, is a complex of the highly insoluble drug 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide with 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. The structures of this and other 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide complexes have not been determined, but an analogous 2:1 complex of 4,4'-dinitrodiphenylamine with 1,4-diacetylpiperazine has been prepared in which the only possible bonds are hydrogen bonds between the amide carbonyls and amino hydrogens. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that micron-size crystals of nicarbazin disintegrate in water to form much smaller dinitrocarbanilide crystals. Similar complex dissolution in the gut of poultry may account for the greater effectiveness of dinitrocarbanilide when administered as complexed rather than uncomplexed drug. Particle size problems associated with other highly insoluble drugs and pesticides may be resolved by the use of nicarbazin-like complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, E F -- Brown, R D -- Brown, J E -- Kazazis, D M -- Leanza, W J -- Nichols, J R -- Ostlind, D A -- Rodino, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):630-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbanilides/*administration & dosage ; Chickens ; Coccidiostats ; Crystallization ; Intestinal Absorption ; Nicarbazin/*administration & dosage ; Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control ; Solubility ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Increased chromosomal mutation rate after hybridization between two subspecies of grasshoppers (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Hybridization between two chromosomally distinct subspecies of the grasshopper Caledia captiva results in a high incidence of novel chromosomal rearrangements among the backcross progeny. Rearrangements are restricted to those chromosomes derived from the F1 hybrid parent. Chromosomal involvement is nonrandom with the same rearrangement occurring repeatedly in different backcrosses. A single individual can also generate an array of different rearrangements among its offspring. Several of the rearrangements have also been found in natural populations. The nonrandom and recurrent nature of these chromosomal mutations at high frequencies provides a plausible explanation for the establishment and fixation of chromosomal rearrangements in natural populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, D D -- Wilkinson, P -- Coates, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1165-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6407107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Grasshoppers/*genetics ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; *Mutation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Progesterone administration in vivo stimulates release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in vitro (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: The release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from tissue from the mediobasal hypothalamic-anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area of prepuberal female rats was measured in a perfusion system. Measurements were also made of the concentrations of LHRH in these tissue fragments and of luteinizing hormone in serum obtained when the rats were killed. Four groups of immature rats were studied: intact, ovariectomized, ovariectomized and implanted with estradiol-containing capsules, and ovariectomized rats primed with estradiol and injected with progesterone. The release of LHRH from the tissue of ovariectomized animals was significantly less than that of intact females and was not modified when the ovariectomized rats received estradiol. However, there was a four- to fivefold increase in LHRH release from tissue of ovariectomized rats primed with estradiol when they were killed 6 hours after they received an injection of progesterone. The concentrations of LHRH in tissue and of luteinizing hormone in serum varied among groups and with the time of day that the animals were killed. The interactions among luteinizing hormone, gonadal steroids, and the photoperiod seem to set the appropriate conditions for neural processes triggering a complete and normal release of luteinizing hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramirez, V D -- Dluzen, D -- Lin, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1037-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6990489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Circadian Rhythm ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus, Anterior/metabolism ; Light ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Preoptic Area/metabolism ; Progesterone/*pharmacology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Effect of prior immunization on induction of cervial cancer in mice by herpes simplex virus type 2 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: Previous studies at this laboratory showed that repeated application of inactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 to the mouse cevix produced premalignant and malignant lesions. In the present study mice were inoculated with inactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 or control solution and Freund's adjuvant by intraperitoneal and subcuaneous routes before exposure of the cervix to inactivated virus. It appears that immunization with inactivated virus conferred a protection against the induction of cervical carcinoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wentz, W B -- Heggie, A D -- Anthony, D D -- Reagan, J W -- CA-31973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1128-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Herpes Simplex/*complications ; Immunization ; Mice ; Simplexvirus/immunology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/microbiology/pathology/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zum Konformations-verhalten von 2′- und 3′-halogensubstituierten Pyrimidinnucleosiden (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 881-892 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N.M.R. Spectroscopical Investigations on the Conformational Behaviour of Some 2′ - and 3′-Halogen-substituted Pyrimidine NucleosidesA series of 2′- and 3′-halogenated pyrimidine nucleosides has been synthesized and investigated by 1H, 13C and 19F n.m.r. spectroscopy. The 1H and 13C chemical shifts for the positions 2′ and 3′ depend linearly but oppositely on the substituent electronegativities XR.The conformational equilibrium N ⇌ S of the nucleosides in solution is determined. An approximately linear correlation between the prefered gauche-gauche interaction of the exocyclic CH2OH groups and the ribose N conformation has been found.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19833250602
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Pyrolyse von Pent-1-en-3,3-d2 (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Pyrolysis of Pent-1-ene-3,3-d2The distribution of deuterium in the main products of the thermal decomposition of pent-1-ene-3,3-d2 at 550 to 650°C was studied and interpreted. The results include conclusions on kinetic isotope effects, on relative reactivities of different C—H-bonds, and on the importance of nonterminal radical addition. It is shown that butadiene-d2 detected in the isotopically labeled butadiene fraction is a reliable target molecule for the homoallylic rearrangement of the pent-1-ene-4-yl-3,3-d2 radical.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19833250305
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von 1-(β-D-Arabinofuranosyl)-pyrimidinen (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 387-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses of 1-(β-D-Arbinofuranosyl)-pyrimidinesNew synthetic methods of 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-pyrimidines are described. 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-uracil, 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil, 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-thymine, and 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-cytosine can be obtained in a high yield by the splitting of the anhydrobond in 2,2′-anhydropyrimidines in dipolar aprotic solvents, such as HMPT, DMF, and DMSO, respectively, in the presence of activated elemental copper.Unlike the formation of cyclopyrimidiens ribonucleosides are directly transformed to the corresponding arabinofuranosyl derivatives by the reaction with diphenylcarbonate and NaHCO3 in the presence of copper. The reaction proceeds probably via an intermediate formation of the cycloproduct. Further aspects on the mechanism are described.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19833250307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in ovarian ultrastructure and ecdysteroid titer during the aging process of female Xyleborus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 177 (1983), S. 245-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Striking ultrastructural and hormonal parameters of premature menopause and aging are reported in female Xyleborus ferrugineus fed cholesterol, rather than 7-dehydrocholesterol, as a sole dietary sterol. The titer of free ecdysteroids in such 63-day-old females remained abnormally elevated through the period of the ovarian cycle. A similar plateauing of such elevated titer also occurred in 147-day-old, irregularly cycling females fed only cholesterol as the dietary sterol. These hormonal changes in menopausing X. ferrugineus females seem especially analogous to the maintenance of an elevated concentration of 17-β-estradiol through the estrous, as well as the proestrous, ovary of aged irregularly cycling rats. The highly abnormal ultrastructure of ovaries of X. ferrugineus females aged 216 days on a diet containing cholesterol as the sole sterol seems quite analogous to that of the nonovulatory follicles in older, irregularly cycling rats. Our new findings involving aging X. ferrugineus females indicate further the usefulness of an insect model to study aging processes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051770303
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