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  • 1975-1979  (13)
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  • 1945-1949
  • 2014  (12)
  • 1976  (13)
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  • 2010-2014  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (13)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 48 (1976), S. 23-34 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The course of meiosis in higher plants is controlled by a large number of genes, the function of which can be discerned by means of mutants showing any kind of meiotic anomaly. In general, there are three main groups of genes belonging to this system. The as-genes control the pairing behaviour of the homologous chromosomes, causing asynapsis in the mutated condition. The ds-genes are responsible for chiasma formation and chiasma frequency, causing desynapsis in the mutated condition. As- and ds-genes influence micro- and macrosporogenesis in a similar way but the ms-genes become effective only in microsporogenesis, resulting in a complete breakdown of meiosis at a stage specific for each gene of the group. In Pisum sativum, 58 mutants showing genetically conditioned meiotic anomalies have been cytogenetically analysed: 34 of them belong to the ds- and 7 to the as-group; one gene causes asynaptic as well as desynaptic effects; 13 genotypes are male sterile due to degeneration of the chromosomes; the remaining 3 genes cause less specific meiotic disturbances. The lethality of a mutant can be overcome by distinct environmental conditions but the mutant is sterile because of manifold meiotic anomalies. One gene in the Pisum genome controls the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage of the plants. Other genes influence the differentiation of the growing points in such a way that the sporogenic tissues are not formed. In these mutants, no sporocytes are present which can undergo meiosis. From the findings available for many species of the plant kingdom, it can be assumed that hundreds of genes controlling meiosis are present in the genome of each higher plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 48 (1976), S. 227-235 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In konjugationsgestörten Mutanten treten im Verlaufe der Meiosis Univalente oder Univalente und Bivalente in wechselnden Häufigkeitsverhältnissen zueinander auf. Ihre räumliche Anordnung im Spindelraum der Metaphase I wurde zytologisch untersucht und die Befunde statistisch ausgewertet. Der überwiegende Teil unseres Materials ließ sich einheitlich durch eine Polya-Verteilung charakterisieren. Für deren Parameter wurden — für jeden Genotyp und für jede Univalentenklasse getrennt —Punkt-und Intervallschätzungen nach der Maximum Likelihood-Methode durchgeführt. Aus der Lage der Schätzwerte konnten wir schließen, daß bei allen untersuchten Mutanten die Wahrscheinlichkeit für die Univalente, sich in der Metaphaseplatte einzuordnen, um so größer wird, je mehr Bivalente in der Zelle vorliegen. Die gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Univalente ist bei unseren Mutanten unterschiedlich. Bei einer geringen Anzahl von Bivalenten erhöht jedes zufällig in der Metaphaseplatte angeordnete Univalent die Wahrscheinlichkeit für die übrigen, sich ebenfalls dort einzuordnen. Ist die Zahl der Bivalente erhöht, so nimmt die gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Univalente in einigen Fällen ab, in anderen Fällen bleibt sie lediglich erhalten. Es wurde zum Schluß versucht, die erarbeiteten Befunde als univalentenbedingte strukturelle und funktioneile Änderungen im Aufbau des Spindelapparates zu erklären.
    Notes: Summary Asynaptic and desynaptic mutants are characterized by the appearance of univalents in the course of meiosis. Their spatial arrangement in the spindle apparatus of metaphase I was cytologically investigated and the findings were statistically analysed. The great majority of our material could be fitted to a Polya-distribution. For the parameters of this distribution, point- and intervalestimations were performed by the maximum likelihood method, separately for each genotype and each univalent class. From the position of the estimates in the different classes, it can be concluded that in all genotypes under consideration a high number of bivalents increases the probability of the remaining univalents being arranged in the metaphase plate. The mutual interference of the univalents themselves differs from genotype to genotype: when the number of bivalents is low, each univalent that happens to be arranged in the metaphase plate raises the probability that the remaining univalents will migrate into the metaphase plate, too. In some cases, the mutual interference of the univalents is reduced when the number of bivalents increases; in other cases this interference is merely maintained. Finally, we tried to interpret the cytological and statistical findings by structural and functional changes of the spindle apparatus brought about by the existence of univalents.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1976-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1976-08-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1976-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-554X
    Electronic ISSN: 1878-3759
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1976-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-554X
    Electronic ISSN: 1878-3759
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: Author(s): T. Klein, H. Grasland, H. Cercellier, P. Toulemonde, and C. Marcenat We report on a study of the vortex creep in Fe1+δ(TexSe1−x) single crystals (x=0.5 and 0.4) down to 0.28 K (∼Tc/50) and up to μ0Ha=2T. The relaxation of the current density [J(t)] has been measured during 20 hours and the decay of J(t) can be well described by a J(t)∝[ln(t/t0)]−1/μ law. We show that... [Phys. Rev. B 89, 014514] Published Wed Jan 29, 2014
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-07-03
    Description: A high density of tracks resembling both the ichnogenera Chelonipus and Emydhipus occurs on surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Tugulu Group at the Huangyangquan tracksite in Wuerhe district (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, northwestern China). These ichnotaxa are especially known from Central Europe where they have been found in Triassic and Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous deposits. Tracks are highly variable in morphology due to having been made while walking and swimming over soft substrates. Nevertheless they are diagnostic of turtle trackmakers and are readily distinguished from those of other aquatic vertebrates such as crocodilians and from those of pterosaurs. Abundant turtle body fossils occur in the region helping to provide strong support for this interpretation. The record enlarges our knowledge of turtles, their environment and distribution in the Early Cretaceous of China.
    Print ISSN: 0883-1351
    Electronic ISSN: 0883-1351
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-04-11
    Description: Motivation: Histone modifications are a key epigenetic mechanism to activate or repress the transcription of genes. Datasets of matched transcription data and histone modification data obtained by ChIP-seq exist, but methods for integrative analysis of both data types are still rare. Here, we present a novel bioinformatics approach to detect genes that show different transcript abundances between two conditions putatively caused by alterations in histone modification. Results: We introduce a correlation measure for integrative analysis of ChIP-seq and gene transcription data measured by RNA sequencing or microarrays and demonstrate that a proper normalization of ChIP-seq data is crucial. We suggest applying Bayesian mixture models of different types of distributions to further study the distribution of the correlation measure. The implicit classification of the mixture models is used to detect genes with differences between two conditions in both gene transcription and histone modification. The method is applied to different datasets, and its superiority to a naive separate analysis of both data types is demonstrated. Availability and implementation: R/Bioconductor package epigenomix. Contact: h.klein@uni-muenster.de Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-09-17
    Description: Ribonucleotides are misincorporated into replicating DNA due to the similarity of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides, the high concentration of ribonucleotides in the nucleus and the imperfect accuracy of replicative DNA polymerases in choosing the base with the correct sugar. Embedded ribonucleotides change certain properties of the DNA and can interfere with normal DNA transactions. Therefore, misincorporated ribonucleotides are targeted by the cell for removal. Failure to remove ribonucleotides from DNA results in an increase in genome instability, a phenomenon that has been characterized in various systems using multiple assays. Recently, however, another side to ribonucleotide misincorporation has emerged, where there is evidence for a functional role of misinserted ribonucleotides in DNA, leading to beneficial consequences for the cell. This review examines examples of both positive and negative effects of genomic ribonucleotide misincorporation in various organisms, aiming to highlight the diversity and the utility of this common replication variation.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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