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  • English  (136)
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  • 1975-1979  (136)
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  • 1
    Call number: SR 90.0008(78-8)
    In: Paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 27 S.
    ISBN: 0660100622
    Series Statement: Paper / Geological Survey of Canada 78-8
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Call number: SR 90.0008(74-17)
    In: Paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: V, 44 S. + 3 pl.
    Series Statement: Paper / Geological Survey of Canada 74-17
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory,
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-329
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: General Introduction. - Part I. Spatial and temporal variations in sea ice deformatfon. - Introduction. - Approach. - Site location and data collection procedures. - Data analysis. - Strain results. - Comparison of mesoscale deformation with macroscale deformation. - Nature of the ice pack rotation. - Conciusion. - Literature cited. - Part Il. Comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with linear drift theory predictions. - Introduction. - List of symbols. - Linear drift equations. - Ice drift solutions. - Comparison of theory with mesoscale measurements. - A more general linear constitutive law. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix Relative magnitudes of differential drift forces. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurements of mesoscale sea ice deformation over a region approximately 20 km in diameter were made over a five-week period in the spring of 1972 at the main AIDJEX camp in the Beaufort Sea. They have been analyzed to determine nonlinearities in the ice velocity field (due to the discrete small-scale nature of the ice pack), as well as a continuum mode of deformation represented by a least squares strain rate tensor and vorticity. The deformation rate time series between Julian day 88 and 113 exhibited net areal changes as large as 3% and deformation rates up to 0.16% per hour. In the principal axis coordinate system, the strain rate typically exhibited a much larger compression (or extension) along one axis than along the other. Persistent cycles at ~12-hour wavelengths were observed in the divergence rate. A comparison of the average residual error with the average strain rate magnitude indicated that strains measured on a scale of 10 km or greater can serve as a valid measure of the continuum motion of the sea ice. This conclusion is also substantiated by a comparison between the mesoscale deformation, and macroscale deformation measured over a ~100-km-diameter region. Vorticity calculations indicate that at low temporal frequencies ( 〈 0.04 hr^-1 ) the whole mesoscale array rotates essentially as an entity and consequently the low frequency vorticity can accurately be estimated from the rotation of a single floe. (Part I) A comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with the atmospheric pressure field and the wind velocity field indicated that the ice divergence rate and vorticity followed the local pressure and wind divergence with significant correlation. For low atmospheric pressures and converging winds, the divergence rate was negative with the vorticity being counterclockwise. The inverse behavior was observed for high pressures and diverging winds. This behavior agreed with predictions based upon the infinite boundary solution of a linearized drift theory in the absence of gradient current effects and using the constitutive law proposed by Glen for pack ice. The best least squares values of the constitutive law parameters [Eta] and [Zeta] were found to be given by ~10^12 kg sec^-1. Using typical divergence rates, these values yielded compressive stresses of the magnitude of 10^5 N m^-1, which are similar to values suggested by the Parmerter and Coon ridge model. In general, the infinite boundary solution of the linear drift equation indicates that in a low pressure region that is reasonably localized in space, the ice would be expected to converge for high compactness (winter) and diverge for low compactness (summer). Calculations were also carried out using a more general linear viscoelastic constitutive law that includes memory effects and that includes a generalized Hooke's law as well as the Glen law as special cases. A best fit of this more general calculation with strain measurements indicates, overall, a better agreement with viscous behavior than with elastic behavior, with the frequency behavior of the estimated "viscosities" similar to the Glen law behavior at temporal frequencies less than ~0.01 hr^-1 (Part II)
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 37 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 329
    Language: English
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 4
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Wiley
    Call number: M 93.0159 ; AWI A12-95-0120-1 ; AWI A12-95-0120-2 ; MOP 272 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 351 S.
    ISBN: 0471035092
    Series Statement: A Wiley-Interscience publication
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: AWI Library
    Branch Library: AWI Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-79/8
    In: CRREL Report, 79-8
    Description / Table of Contents: Sea ice ridging statistics obtained from a series of laser surface roughnessprofiles are examined. Each set of profiles consists of six 200-km-long flight tracks oriented approximately perpendicular to the coastline of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. The landward ends of the profiles were located at Point Lay, Wainwright, Barrow, Lonely, Cross Island and Barter Island. The flights were made in February, April, August, and December 1976, and one additional profile was obtained north of Cross Island during March 1978. It was found that although there is a systematic variation in mean ridge height (h) with season (with the highest values occurring in late winter), there is no systematic spatial variation in h at a given time. The number of ridges/km (micron) is also high during the late winter, with the highest values occurring in the Barter and Cross Island profiles . In most profiles, the ice 20 to 60 km from the coast is more highly deformed (higher micron values) than the ice either nearer the coast or farther seaward. The Wadhams model for the distribution of ridge heights gives better agreement with observed values in the higher ridge categories than does the Hibler model. Estimates of the spatial recurrence frequency of large pressure ridges are made by using the Wadhams model and also by using an extreme value approach. In the latter, the distribution of the lagest ridges per 20 km of laser track was found to be essentially normal
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 28 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 79-8
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Data collection and processing Analysis General Variations in ridging Ridge height distributions Occurrence of high ridges The tail of the distribution Extreme values Applications to offshore design Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Tabulated ice ridge data
    Location: AWI Archive
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 6
    Call number: ZSP-201-76/18
    In: CRREL Report, 76-18
    Description / Table of Contents: Three surface elevation and ice thickness profiles obtained during the 1972 Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment on a multiyear ice floe were analyzed to obtain relationships between surface elevation, thickness and physical properties of the ice. It was found that for ice freeboards from 0.10 m to 1.05 m above sea level a linear relationship between ice density and freeboard could be postulated. The equation for the regression line is: Ice density = -194f' + 974 kg/cu m where f' is the ice freeboard plus snow depth in ice equivalent at the point in question. This statistical relationship is consistent with observed physical properties, which indicate that as the ice freeboard increases, ice salinity decreases and the higher freeboard or thicker ice therefore decreases in density. Using this variable density with freeboard relationship, a model was constructed to predict ice thickness, given ice freeboard and snow depth alone. This prediction is desirable, since snow depth and freeboard are relatively easy to obtain, whereas ice thickness can usually be obtained only by drilling through the ice. The model was compared with two other models. It was found that the variable density prediction model gave the best approximation to observed ice thickness, with a standard error between the measured and predicted value of about 0.4 m, compared with errors from 50 to 100% higher for the other two models.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 25 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 76-18
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Previous work Results Models for predicting thickness from ice freeboard Comparison between measured and predicted thicknesses Spectral behavior of measured and predicted profiles Comparisons of ice thickness using airborne laser profilometry Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Misgivings on isostatic imbalance as a mechanism for sea ice cracking
    Location: AWI Archive
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 7
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Clausthal : Trans Tech Publications
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 12013
    In: Handbook on mechanical properties of rocks
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 481 S.
    Edition: 1st print.
    ISBN: 0878490213
    Series Statement: 3, 1
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 8
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Clausthal : Trans Tech Publications
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 12014
    In: Handbook on mechanical properties of rocks
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 515 S.
    Edition: 1st print.
    ISBN: 087849023X
    Series Statement: 3, 3
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 9
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Springer
    Call number: 9/M 92.0755 ; O 8668 ; 11374
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xi, 339 S.
    ISBN: 0387075569
    Classification:
    Tectonics
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 10
    Call number: SR 90.0008(77-8)
    In: Paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 72 S. + 3 mircofiche
    ISBN: 0660015242
    Series Statement: Paper / Geological Survey of Canada 77-8
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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