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  • 1960-1964  (104.712)
  • 1964  (104.712)
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  • 1
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    Chemical analyses of manganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific Ocean using atomic emission spectroscopy (1964)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-15
    Schlagwort(e): ALB-13; ALB-173; ALB-31; Albatross (1882-1921); Albatross1899-1900; Albatross1904-1905; ALBTR-13; ALBTR-173; ALBTR-31; ALBTR-4660; ALBTR-4662; ALBTR-4676; ALBTR-4681; ALBTR-4685; ALBTR-4701; ALBTR-4711; ALBTR-4721; Aluminium; Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES); Barium; Bismuth; Boron; Cadmium; Calcium; Calculated from mass/volume; Calculated from weight loss after ignition at 450 °C; CARN_Revelle_46; CARN_Revelle_78; CARN7-150; CARN7-86; CARN-Cruise7; Carnegie; CASC-5D; CASCADIA; CHA-299; CHA-302; Challenger1872; CHIN02BD; CHIN02BD-016G; CHINOOK; CHNK-16G; Chromium; CHUB01BD; CHUB01BD-002G; CHUB01BD-034G; CHUB-2; CHUB-34; CHUB5; CHUBASCO; Cobalt; Copper; Core; CORE; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; DNWB0ABD; DNWB0ABD-016G; DNWB0ABD-017G; DNWB0ABD-019G; DNWB0BBD; DNWB0BBD-037G; DNWB0BBD-040G; DNWB0BBD-043G; DNWB0BBD-048G; DNWB0BBD-052G; DNWB0BBD-054G; DNWB0BBD-055G; DNWB0BBD-056G; DNWB0DBD; DNWB0DBD-147GB; DNWH0AHO-004H; DNWH0BHO-034G; DNWH0DHO-092H; DOWNWIND-B1; DOWNWIND-B2; DOWNWIND-B4; DOWNWIND-H; Dredge; Dredge, rock; DRG; DRG_R; DWBD1; DWBD2; DWBD4; DWBD5; DWBD7; DWBG147B; DWBG16; DWBG17; DWBG19; DWBG37; DWBG40; DWBG43; DWBG48; DWBG52; DWBG54; DWBG55; DWBG56; DWBG78; DWHD15; DWHD16; DWHD47; DWHD55; DWHD72; DWHG34; DWHH4; DWHH92; Eastern Basin, Pacific Ocean; Epce; Event label; Gallium; GC; Grab; GRAB; Gravity corer; H.M.S. Challenger (1872); Horizon; Identification; Iron; Lanthanum; Lead; Loss on ignition; Magnesium; Manganese; MDPC02HO-MP-025F-1; MDPC02HO-MP-033D; MDPC03HO-MP-043A; MIDPAC; Molybdenum; MPC-25F-1; MPC-33D; MPC-43A; NAGA; NAGA8C; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; North-East Pacific Ocean; Pacific Ocean; Page(s); Phosphorus; Potassium; Sample code/label; Scandium; Sediment type; Shape; Silicon; Silver; SIO-DX-1; Size; Sodium; Spencer F. Baird; Stranger; Strontium; Thallium; Thorium; Titanium; TRAWL; Trawl net; Uranium; Vanadium; Vityaz (ex-Mars); Vityaz-29; VITYAZ4239-TR; VITYAZ4289-TR; Water content, wet mass; Ytterbium; Yttrium; Zinc; Zirconium
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1930 data points
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  • 2
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    Chemical analyses of manganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific Ocean using X-ray fluorescence (1964)
    PANGAEA
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-15
    Schlagwort(e): ALB-31; Albatross (1882-1921); Albatross1899-1900; ALBTR-31; Aluminium; Barium; Boron; Calcium; Calculated from mass/volume; CARN_Revelle_46; CARN_Revelle_78; CARN7-150; CARN7-86; CARN-Cruise7; Carnegie; CASC-5D; CASCADIA; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; CORE; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; DNWB0BBD; DNWB0BBD-037G; DNWH0AHO-004H; DOWNWIND-B2; DOWNWIND-H; Dredge; DRG; DWBG37; DWBG78; DWHD55; DWHH4; Epce; Event label; Gallium; GC; Gravity corer; Horizon; Identification; Iron; Lead; Magnesium; Manganese; Molybdenum; NAGA; NAGA8C; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; North-East Pacific Ocean; Pacific Ocean; Phosphorus; Potassium; Sediment type; Shape; Silicon; SIO-DX-1; Size; Sodium; Spencer F. Baird; Stranger; Strontium; Sulfur, total; Thallium; Tin; Titanium; TRAWL; Trawl net; V15; V15-126; Vanadium; Vema; Vityaz (ex-Mars); Vityaz-29; VITYAZ4239-TR; Water content, wet mass; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Zinc; Zirconium
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 257 data points
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  • 3
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    Chemical analyses of manganese nodules and crusts from the Pacific Ocean using wet chemistry (1964)
    PANGAEA
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-15
    Schlagwort(e): Aluminium; Barium; Calcium; Calculated from mass/volume; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Description; Dredge, rock; DRG_R; Event label; Horizon; Identification; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Iron; Lead; Magnesium; Manganese; MDPC02HO-MP-025F-1; MDPC03HO-MP-043A; MIDPAC; Molybdenum; MPC-25F-1; MPC-43A; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; Pacific Ocean; Phosphorus; Potassium; Sediment type; Shape; Silicon; Sodium; Strontium; Titanium; TRAWL; Trawl net; Vityaz (ex-Mars); Vityaz-29; VITYAZ4239-TR; Water content, wet mass; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Zinc
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 49 data points
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  • 4
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Geologija Arktiki : doklady na 1 Meždunarodnom simpoziume po Geologii Arktiki (1964)
    Moskva : Izdatel'stvo "MIR"
    Details Verfügbarkeit
    Signatur: AWI G3-24-95691
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: В 1960 г. в Канаде состоялся Первый международный симпозиум по геологии Арктики, в котором привяли участие советские, канадские, американские, английские, датские и норвежские ученые. Итогом работ симпозиума явился настоящий сборник, в котором сведены новейшие материалы по геологии, океанологии, гляциологии и климатологии северных полярных областей земного шара. Эти работы дают отчетливое представление о геологическом строении огромных территорий Канады и Аляски, о рельефе и характере осадков два Северного Ледовитого океана, о ледовом режиме Арктики. Необходимо отметить, что до недавнего времени многие области зарубежной Арктики были белыми пятнами на геологических картах; первые сведения о них содержатся в статьях этого сборника. Новые материалы сборника дают ценнейшие сведения для сравнительных оценок геологических условий и обстановки оруденения северных областей советской и зарубежной Арктики.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Translation of abstract: In 1960, the First International Symposium on Arctic Geology was held in Canada, in which Soviet, Canadian, American, English, Danish and Norwegian scientists took part. The result of the symposium was this collection, which brings together the latest materials on geology, oceanology, glaciology and climatology of the northern polar regions of the globe. These works give a clear idea of the geological structure of the vast territories of Canada and Alaska, the relief and nature of precipitation in the two Arctic Oceans, and the ice regime of the Arctic. It should be noted that before recently, many areas of the foreign Arctic were blank spots on geological maps; the first information about them is contained in the articles in this collection. New materials in the collection provide valuable information for comparative assessments of geological conditions and mineralization conditions in the northern regions of the Soviet and foreign Arctic.
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: 515 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Originaltitel: Geology of the Arctic proceedings of the first International Symposium on Arctic Geology
    Sprache: Russisch
    Anmerkung: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Предисловие Предисловие к английскому изданию Введение ШПИЦБЕРГЕН Схема структурной истории Шпицбергена / В. Б. Харланд ГРЕНЛАНДИЯ Обзор геологии северной и восточной Гренландии Докембрийские и нижнепалеозойские структурные элементы и осадконакопление в северной и восточной Гренландии / Л. Кох Каролиниды: орогенический пояс позднедокембрийского возраста в северо-восточной Гренландии / Дж. Халлер Нижний палеозой Гренландии / Дж. Коуи Значение каледонской орогении в Гренландии / Дж. Халлер Девонские отложения центральной части восточной Гренландии / Х. Бютлер Континентальные иаменноугольные и нижнепермские отложения центральной части восточной Гренландии / Х. Бютлер Пермь Гренландии / В. Майнц Триас восточной Гренландии / Р. Трюмпи Юрские отложения восточной Гренландии / Дж. Х. Калломон Меловые отложения восточной Гренландии / Д. Т. Донован Третичные отложения Гренландии / Э. Венк Стратиграфия позднего докембрия восточной Гренландии / Х. Р. Кац О хронологии докембрия западной Гренландии / А. Бертельсен КАНАДА Структурная истории Канадского арктического архипелага с докембрийского времени / Р. Topcтeйнccoн, Е. T. Тозер Общий обзор геологии докембрии арктической части Канады / Р. Г. Блакадар, Дж. А. Фрейзер Стратиграфия нижнего палеозоя Канадского арктического архипелага / Р. Торетейнссон Общий очерк стратиграфии мезозойских и третичных отложений Канадского арктического архипелага / Е. T. Тозер Соотношение дислокаций складчатого пояса островов Парри и корнуоллисских складчатых структур на востоке острова Батерст Канадского арктического архипелага / Э. Н. Мак-Нейр Геологическая интерпретация аэромагнитных профилей, проведенных через Канадский арктический архипелаг / А. Ф. Грегори, М. Е. Бауэр, Л. В. Морлей Тектоническое строение северной Канады / Л. Дж. Мартин Каледонские или акадийские граниты северной части территории Юкон / Х. Бадегард, Р. И. Фолинеби, Дж. Липсон Стратиграфия девона района среднего течения реки Макензи, Северо-Западные территории, Канада / Х. Г. Бacceт Стратиграфия девонских отложений района Нориан-Уэлс / Т. Cтopu АЛЯСКА Изучение тектоники Аляски / Г. Грик Корреляция палеозойских пород Аляски / Дж. Т. Дутромл Новые данные о распространении верхнетретичных континентальных отложений на Аляске и в северо-западной Канаде / В. С. Бениннгхоф, Г. В. Холмс, Д. М. Гопкинс АРКТИЧЕСКИЙ БАССЕЙН Истории геологических знаний о происхождении Арктинеского бассейна / А. Дж. Ирдли Срединно-океанический хребет и его продолжение через Арктический бассейн / Б. К. Хейзен, М. Юииг Продолжение горных цепей в Арктике в прошлом / Дж. T. Вилъсон Сейсмическое исследование дна Арктического океана / К. Ханкинс Гальки, поднятые при драгировании в центральной части Северного Ледовитого океана / В. Шварцахер, К. Ханкинс Батиметрия моря Бофорта / А. Дж. Kapcoла, Р. Л. Фишер, К. Дж. Шипек, Г. Шамвей Предварительные результаты исследований арктической дрейфующей станции Чарли / В. Дж. Кроми Геофизические исследования на дрейфующей станции МГГ Браво, Т-3, 1958-1959 гr. / Д. Плоуфф, Г. В. Келлер, Ф. Ц, Фришкнехт, Р. Р. Уол Морские геологические наблюдения в Баренцовом море / Х. Игнатиус Морская геология и батиметрия шельфа Чукотского моря в районе Оготорук-Крик, северо-западная Аляска / Д. В. Схолл, К. Л. Сайнсбери Геоморфология Арктического бассейна / Р. Дитц, Дж. Шамвей Предметный указатель Указатель географических названий , Translation of Content Preface Preface to the English edition Introduction SPITSBERGEN Scheme of the structural history of Spitsbergen / W. B. Harland GREENLAND Review of the geology of northern and eastern Greenland Precambrian and Lower Paleozoic structural elements and sedimentation in northern and eastern Greenland / L. Koch Carolinids: Late Precambrian orogenic belt in northeastern Greenland / J. Haller Lower Paleozoic of Greenland / J. Cowie The significance of the Caledonian orogeny in Greenland / J. Haller Devonian deposits of the central part of eastern Greenland / H. Bütler Continental Carboniferous and Lower Permian deposits of the central part of eastern Greenland / H. Bütler Perm Greenland / V. Mainz Triassic of eastern Greenland / R. Trumpy Jurassic deposits of eastern Greenland / J. H. Callomon Cretaceous deposits of eastern Greenland / D. T. Donovan Tertiary deposits of Greenland / E. Wenk Late Precambrian stratigraphy of eastern Greenland / H. R. Katz On the chronology of the Precambrian of western Greenland / A. Bertelsen CANADA Structural history of the Canadian Arctic archipelago since Precambrian time / R. Topsteinson, E. T. Tozer General overview of the Precambrian geology of the Canadian Arctic / R. G. Blakadar, J. A. Fraser Stratigraphy of the Lower Paleozoic of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago / R. Thoreteinsson General outline of the stratigraphy of Mesozoic and Tertiary deposits of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago / E. T. Tozer The relationship between the dislocations of the Parry Islands fold belt and the Cornwallis fold structures in the east of Bathurst Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago / E. N. McNair Geological interpretation of aeromagnetic profiles drawn through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago / A. F. Gregory, M. E. Bauer, L. V. Morley Tectonic structure of northern Canada / L. J. Martin Caledonian or Acadian granites of the northern Yukon Territory / H. Badegard, R. I. Folineby, J. Lipson Devonian stratigraphy of the middle Mackenzie River region, Northwest Territories, Canada / H. G. Basset Stratigraphy of Devonian deposits of the Norian-Wells region / T. Stopu ALASKA Study of Alaska tectonics / G. Grik Correlation of Paleozoic Rocks of Alaska / J. T. Dutroml New data on the distribution of Upper Tertiary continental sediments in Alaska and northwestern Canada / V. S. Beninghof, G. W. Holmes, D. M. Hopkins ARCTIC POOL Stories of geological knowledge about the origin of the Arctic Basin / A. J. Eardley Mid-ocean ridge and its continuation through the Arctic basin / B. K. Hazen, M. Huig The continuation of mountain ranges in the Arctic in the past / J. T. Wilson Seismic exploration of the Arctic ocean floor / K. Hankins Pebbles raised during dredging in the central part of the Arctic Ocean / V. Schwarzacher, K. Hankins Bathymetry of the Beaufort Sea / A. J. Kapcola, R. L. Fisher, K. J. Shipek, G. Shumway Preliminary results of studies of the Arctic drifting station Charlie / W. J. Cromie Geophysical research at the drifting station MGG Bravo, T-3, 1958-1959. / D. Plouffe, G. W. Keller, F. Z, Frischknecht, R. R. Wahl Marine geological observations in the Barents Sea / H. Ignatius Marine geology and bathymetry of the Chukchi Sea shelf in the Ogotoruk Creek area, northwestern Alaska / D. W. Scholl, K. L. Sainsbury Geomorphology of the Arctic Basin / R. Dietz, J. Shumway Subject index Index of geographical names , In kyrillischer Schrift
    Standort: AWI Lesesaal
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
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  • 5
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    Parasites of Animals in the Netherlands (1964)
    In:  Bijdragen tot de dierkunde vol. 34 no. 1, pp. 103-105
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: A supplementary survey is given of endo- and ectoparasites collected from wild mammals in the Netherlands.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    A revision of the Australian Owls (Strigidae and Tytonidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Verhandelingen vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 1-61
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nWhen in December 1960 the R.A.O.U. Checklist Committee was reorganised and the various tasks in hand were divided over its members, the owls were assigned to the author. While it was first thought that only the Boobook Owl, the systematics of which have been notoriously confused, would need thorough revision and that as regards the other species existing lists, for example Peters (1940), could be followed, it became soon apparent that it was impossible to make a satisfactory list without revision of all species.\nIn this paper the four Australian species of Strigidae are fully revised, over their whole ranges, and the same has been done for Tyto tenebricosa. Of the other three Australian Tytonidae, however, only the Australian races have been considered: these species have a wide distribution (one of them virtually world-wide) and it was not expected that the very considerable amount of extra work needed to include extralimital races would be justified by results.\nConsiderable attention has been paid to geographical distribution, and it appears that some species are much more restricted in distribution than has generally been assumed. A map of the distribution of each species is given; these maps are mainly based on material personally examined, and only when they extended the range as otherwise defined, have I made use of reliable field observations and material published but not seen by me.\nFrom the section on material examined it will be easy to trace the localities; where other information has been used, the reference follows the locality.\n\nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\nThe revision was carried out, besides the Western Australian Museum,
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    The genus Capparis (Capparaceae) from the Indus to the Pacific (1964)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 12 no. 3, pp. 385-541
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: This is a taxonomic revision of the genus Capparis in South and Southeast Asia, Malesia, Australia, and the Pacific. In this area, four sections are distinguished: 1. sect. Capparis, monotypic with C. spinosa, 2. sect. Sodada, monotypic with C. decidua, 3. sect. Monostichocalyx in a new circumscription containing most of the species formerly included in sect. Eucapparis, with about 65 species in the area under revision, 4. sect. Busbeckea, with 12\xe2\x80\x9414 species in all.\nOf the 79 species recognized, 7 are new, viz. C. cataphyllosa, cinerea, koioides, monantha, pachyphylla, rigida, and rufidula, and 2 are elevated from varietal to specific rank, viz. C. annamensis (C. grandiflora var. annamensis Baker \xc6\x92.) and C. pranensis (C. thorelii var. pranensis Pierre ex Gagn.). Of the 11 subspecies recognized under C. acutifolia, micracantha, and sikkimensis 9 are newly described or new in rank, like 3 out of the 8 varieties under C. loranthifolia, micracantha, and spinosa. Under C. brachybotrya, 2 formae have been maintained, under C. floribunda, is reduced. Three species, C. dielsiana with 2 varieties, C. longipes, and C. muelleriana, have been recorded as incompletely known besides.\nChapters on characters and internal relationships, and plant-geographic remarks have been added. All type specimens are cited with the names based on them, the other collections only as far as they are important for the knowledge of the distribution. Notes dealing with deviating specimens, nomenclatural problems, related species in Africa, &c. are given under the taxa.\nStarting from the idea that solitary large flowers and a beaked ovary with relatively many carpels, the presence of empty spiny bract-like cataphylls at the base of a shoot, and straight thorns are primitive characters, an attempt has been made to devise a subdivision of Sect. Monostichocalyx into 7 tentative Groups to show their natural interrelationships and possible derivation.\nIt is regarded as most likely, that the genus, as represented in the area under revision, originated in southern India/Ceylon and/or Gondwanaland, and migrated into Australia, and later through the Indo-Chinese Peninsula to the northwest and northeast, and into Malesia.\nAn index to numbered collections has been added. Hypselandra Pax & Hoffm. (syn. Meeboldia Pax & Hoffm.) is reduced to Maerua. B.S. Sun\xe2\x80\x99s new taxa from China are discussed in an appendix.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    A conspectus of the families of Aphyllophorales (1964)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 3 no. 2, pp. 199-324a
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The author gives a recapitulation of the families of the Aphyllophorales. He is inclined to recognize 21: the families he is not (yet) prepared to uphold are discussed. The synonymy of the order and the families above the rank of genus is listed, but it is avowedly incomplete. The treatment of each family does not go further than the mention of the included genera, but through selected references cited for each genus in a special list, an introduction to the separate genera is provided. An introductory chapter contains some general remarks and discusses a number of terms used in connection with the treatment of the families. New taxa are, Brachybasidiales, Hericiaceae, Punctulariaceae, Asterostromatoideae, Pteruloideae, while the name Septobasidiales Couch is validly published and the new combination Serpula mollusca (Fr.) Donk is made.
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  • 9
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    On some white-spored Geoglossaceae (1964)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 81-96
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Some genera of Geoglossaceae, characterized by colourless spores and positive iodine reaction of the ascus pore, are compared with respect to the structure of the stipe. Ochroglossum is reduced to the synonymy of Microglossum. Mitrula is regarded as a monotypic genus. The generic name Heyderia is restored. Thuemenidium is reintroduced to replace Corynetes. Nothomitra is proposed as a new genus to accomodate N. cinnamomea, a new species.
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  • 10
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    Galeopsis pubescens Bess. nog steeds bij Oranjewoud (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 6, pp. 63-64
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Galeopsis pubescens Bess, has established itself near Oranjewoud (prov. Friesland); it was found there for the first time in 1910.
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  • 11
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    Het ontluiken van de eerste bladeren van een beuk (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 5, pp. 60-60
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Dates of unfolding of leaves and development of male inflorescences of an about 150 years old copper beech in the Leyden Botanical Garden.
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  • 12
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    Dryopteris tavelii in het Belgische gedeelte van het Kempense en Vlaamse district (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 4, pp. 48-48
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In the northern part of Belgium, Dryopteris tavelii is mostly found in young plantations of Pinus in the Campine and Flemish districts. As some of these localities are situated near the Dutch border, the author expects that the species may also occur in similar habitats in the Netherlands parts of these districts.
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  • 13
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    Overzicht der in Nederland gevonden inheemse en adventieve Erodium-soorten (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 5, pp. 49-55
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: An enumeration of the species of Erodium, found in the Netherlands. E. glutinosum Dum. and E. cicutarium (L.) L\xe2\x80\x99H\xc3\xa9rit. are native; E. malacoides (L.) L\xe2\x80\x99H\xc3\xa9rit., E. crinitum Carolin, E. botrys (Cav.) Bertol., E. gruinum (L.) L\xe2\x80\x99Herit., E. ciconium (L.) L\xe2\x80\x99Herit., E. stephanianum Willd., E. aethiopicum (Lamk.) Brumh. & Thell., and E. moschatum (L.) L\xe2\x80\x99Herit. are adventive species.
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  • 14
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    A new Hawaiian Gahnia (Cyperaceae) (1964)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 349-351
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Herba perennis. Rhizoma breve, crassum, lignosum, squamis castaneis striatis obtectum. Culmi elati, usque ad 3 m alti, 2\xe2\x80\x944 mm crassi, teretes, glabri, usque ad apicem foliati et fere per totam longitudinem in vaginis foliorum absconditi. Folia culmum superantia, cinereo-viridia, tenacia, margine involuta, e basi dilatata 6\xe2\x80\x949 mm lata in acumen longissimum apice setaceo-caudatum scabrum gradatim angustata; vaginae longae, inferiores spadiceae vel atrofuscae, superiores stramineae; ligula angusta, rotundata vel in foliis superioribus triangularis, glabra, castanea. Inflorescentia paniculata, erecta, perangusta, (15\xe2\x80\x94) 30\xe2\x80\x9450 cm longa, 1\xe2\x80\x942(\xe2\x80\x943) cm lata, interrupta, e fasciculis 5\xe2\x80\x947 panicularum partialium elongato-oblongarum satis densarum constructa; rami 2\xe2\x80\x943-nim fasciculati, stricte erecti, inferiores ad 8 cm, superiores ad 2 cm longi. Bracteae inferiores foliis similes, inflorescentiam superantes, erectae, longe vaginantes, superiores gradatim decrescentes. Spiculae numerosae, oblongae, c. 7 mm longae, 2 mm latae, uniflorae, breviter pedunculatae; pedunculi scabri. Glumae 4, difformes: exteriores 2 vacuae, lanceolatae, acutae, acuminato-aristatae, carinatae, carina scabrae, resp. et 7 mm longae, nucem superantes, interiores 2 ovatae vel oblongo-ovatae, concavae, apice obtusae, margine apice ciliolatae, 4 mm longae, florem hermaphroditam arcte includentes. Perigonium nullum. Stamina 4; filamenta post anthesin persistentes, elongata, inter se et cum stylo intertexta, basi nucis affixa, nucem maturam delapsam retentia. Stylus tenuis, c. 3 mm longus, stigmatibus 3 filiformibus c. 8 mm longis. Nux dura, obtuse trigona, fusiformis, apice basique acuminata, laevis, demum nigra, nitens, 4\xe2\x80\x945 mm longa, 1\xc2\xbd \xe2\x80\x942 mm lata; endocarpium transverse annulato-sulcatum, sulcis 5\xe2\x80\x946.\nHAWAII. Lanai, east of Munro trail and north of Lanai-hale, in shrubby rain-forest at 3000 ft, Sept. 4, 1963, end of flowering season, culms up to 3 m high where supported by neighbouring bushes, Otto & Isa Degener 28431 (L, type); West edge of Munro trail at Lanai-hale, open scrubby fog-belt at 3370 ft, July 23, 1963, end of flowering season, forming 3\xe2\x80\x9410 dm wide tussocks with 3\xe2\x80\x9420 dm, erect-spreading culms, Otto & Isa Degener 28430 (L); Lanai-hale, in shrubby rain-forest at 3370 ft, young fl., Jan. 7, 1964, Otto & Isa Degener 28686 (L).
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  • 15
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    Notes on some fungi of Michigan\xe2\x80\x94I. \xe2\x80\x98Cyhellaceae\xe2\x80\x99 (1964)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 97-154a
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: This paper is based largely on collections made by the author in Michigan, U.S.A. The genera represented among these collections are Flagelloscypha Donk (with 1 species), Lachnella Fr. emend. Donk (1), Cyphellopsis Donk (1), Merismodes Earle (1), Henningsomyces O. Kuntze (1), Calathella Reid, gen. nov. (2), Cellypha Donk (1), Pellidiscus Donk (1), Stromatocyphella W. B. Cooke emend. Reid (1), Plicaturopsis Reid, gen. nov. (1). The generic differences between Cyphellopsis, Merismodes and Phaeocyphellopsis W. B. Cooke are critically discussed; the latter genus is reduced to the synonymy of Merismodes. Full accounts are given of all the species, including an unidentified sterile Cyphelloid fungus and two new taxa viz. Henningsomyces pubera var. americana Reid and Calathella davidii Reid.
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  • 16
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    Phoma herbarum Westend., the type-species of the form-genus Phoma Sacc (1964)
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 9-16
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The type of Phoma herbarum is selected and the characteristics of the species are redescribed from recently isolated material. Synonyms of this ubiquitous saprophytic fungus are inter alia: Phoma urticae S. Schulz. & Sacc., Phoma oleracea Sacc., Phoma violacea (Bertel) Eveleigh (described from paint), Phoma hibernica Grimes & al. (described from butter), and Phoma lignicola Rennerfelt (described from wood).
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  • 17
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    Polygonum maritimum L. in Nederland (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 2, pp. 13-20
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The discovery in 1962 of a single specimen of Polygonum maritimum L. on drift material washed ashore at the north coast of the isle of Noord-Beveland gives rise to a discussion of its taxonomical, geographical and ecological characteristics. The species has never been found in the Netherlands before.\nAn enumeration of the taxonomical features of P. maritimum and a comparison with those of P. aviculare L. agg. and of the allied taxa P. raii Babingt. and P. oxyspermum Mey. & Bge. is given.\nThe mediterranean-atlantic species P. maritimum reaches its north-eastern limit on the continent in the French counties Manche and Calvados, in England in the counties Somerset and Hampshire. Thus the locality in the Netherlands is situated about 400 km north-east of this limit. It must be accepted that diaspores can be transported over this distance among drift material of southern origin.\nIn the phytocoenological system of the French-Swiss school P. maritimum is a faithful taxon of the mediterranean-atlantic alliance Euphorbion peplis growing on drift material washed ashore. However, at the european-atlantic coast the species penetrates into the Atriplicetum sabulosae, an association of the alliance Salsolo-Honckenyon peploidis which vicariates with the former alliance in northern regions. A vegetation record of the locality in Noord-Beveland is given.\nWhile discussing the ecology of P. maritimum special attention is devoted to the combination of leveling and differentiating aspects of the habitat of tidal drift belts in relation to forces from the outside. The starting-point of this view forms the stimulating train of thought of VAN LEEUWEN (21, 22) who takes the line that in each relation \xe2\x80\x94 including the ordering relations forming the base of organization and formation of structures or patterns, both inherent to life \xe2\x80\x94 elements of communication and isolation can be distinguished. The leveling elements or elements of communication with forces from the outside are represented by the regular supply of organic material (tidal drift) and sea-salts. The spatial differentiating or isolating elements consist of a relative shelter against wind-blown sand and sand thrown up by floodwater and of a limitation in the composition of the tidal drift to prevailing brown algae. Along our beaches the aspect of shelter can only be realized at coasts with a very differentiating structure in the direction of the coast-line, viz. by re-entrant and salient angles. The habitat in the Netherlands shows these characteristics, as well as the habitats of P. maritimum described in literature. From the view-point of nature conservancy it is of the utmost importance that coasts showing the above mentioned structure in the direction of the coast-line are not interfered with.
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  • 18
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    Enige aantekeningen over het geslacht Crataegus L. in Nederland (1964)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 2 no. 5, pp. 55-59
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: A preliminary systematic study of the genus Crataegus L. in the Netherlands resulted in the fact that at least 3 taxa can be distinguished, viz. the species C. monogyna Jacq. and C. oxyacantha L., and the hybrid C. calycina Peterm. X C. oxyacantha L. The hybrid was not yet known from this country; it is found in the NE part of Drente in hedges around wet pastures on a clay-formation deposited in the Riss-glacial period.
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  • 19
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    Miscellaneous botanical notes XIV (1964)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 319-320
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In Nova Guinea, Bot. 12 (1963) 192 I have given the records thus far known of Eriandra fragrans in New Guinea which now range from the western to the eastern part of the island. I could also describe the fruit which was not known. It has now appeared that Eriandra is not endemic in New Guinea, but also occurs in the Solomon Is, a notable extension of its area and strengthening the plant geographical affinity between the Solomons and Papua.\nSOLOMON ISLANDS. New Georgia Group: Kolombangra I., West coast, Merusu Cave, T. C. Whitmore BSIP 1413, in ridge forest at c. 30 m alt., tree 12 m, 30 cm \xc3\x98, bole fluted to 3\xc2\xbd m up, poor form above, bark smooth, horizontally closely ringed; slash: bark cream, granular with an orange lamina near cambium: fruits green, globular, c. 2\xc2\xbd cm diam.; New Georgia Is., Viru Harbour on Viru R., A. W. Cowmeadow & R. Teona BSIP 2527, on edge of slope on volcanic rock, red clay-loam, in mixed forest at c. 50 m alt., dominant, bole rather fluted, girth 6 ft, vera. laili, Kwara-ae language; Roviana Lagoon, near Kungaruga R., T. C. Whitmore BSIP 1991, lowland forest, in a broad depression, c. 30 m alt., tree 12 m, fruits green, ripening orange, globose, to 3\xc2\xbd\xe2\x80\x944 cm diam., vern. sura-u, Kwara-ae language.
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  • 20
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    Foraminifera from the tidal zone in the Netherlands Antilles and other West Indian Islands (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Cura\xc3\xa7ao and other Caribbean Islands vol. 21 no. 1, pp. 1-119
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Through the kindness of Dr. P. WAGENAAR HUMMELINCK the author was enabled to study a number of samples from localities in the tidal zone of several West Indian islands. Previously, by courtesy of Dr. T. MORTENSEN, abundant material from some deepwater samples collected off Santa Cruz, Virgin Islands, could be studied, the foraminifera dentata of which were described in 1956. The latter material mainly consisted of dredged samples from a depth of 500 fathoms (17.5\xc2\xb0N and 64\xc2\xb0W), and contained a typical deep-sea fauna. Comparison of MORTENSEN\xe2\x80\x99s and HUMMELINCK\xe2\x80\x99s samples shows marked differences; these may be of importance, as the deep-sea samples and the shallow-water samples are from the same Caribbean area.
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  • 21
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    Microplankton from three Palaeozoic formations in the province of Le\xc3\xb3n, NW-Spain (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 253-361
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In the Lower Palaeozoic where true palynological microfossils become rare, much use can be made of other acid-resistant microfossils such as acritarchs and chitinozoans.\nThis study gives some of the results of an investigation on the presence of acritarchs and chitinozoans in three essentially Lower Palaeozoic formations of the Province of Le\xc3\xb3n in northwest Spain, viz. the Formigoso, the San Pedro, and the La Vid Formations. They range from Upper Llandoverian to the middle part of the Emsian. The techniques used to prepare the samples are discussed.\nThe vertical distribution of the most common acritarchs and chitinozoans in the region investigated are given, as well as the changes of frequency in the associations of some selected groups of acritarchs from a number of sections of the San Pedro and the La Vid Formations. Most formgroups show characteristic changes of frequency providing the possibility of detailed correlation within the formations. The most common forms of acritarchs and chitinozoans used for correlation purposes are described. A list of species may be found on pages 280 and 337. Most of these forms had not yet been recorded.
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  • 22
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    Syst\xc3\xa9matique et importance stratigraphique des Rhynchonelles du Calcaire de Cr\xc3\xa9menes (D\xc3\xa9vonien superieur, province de Le\xc3\xb3n, Espagne) (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 243-252
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In the present study some problems concerning the stratigraphy of the Upper Devonian in the southernmost strip of the Cantabrian Mountains (Province of Le\xc3\xb3n, Spain) are briefly discussed. This sequence consists of rather uniform and nearly unfossiliferous sandstones, divided by a hiatus of Lower Famennian age into two genitically different unities. An intercalated calcareous lens, the Cr\xc3\xa9menes Limestone, contains a very rich and attractive fauna. Three rhynchonelloid species, belonging to this limestone have been described: Cupularostrum cantabricum n. sp., Ptychomaletoechia cf. gonthieri (Gosselet, 1887) and \xe2\x80\x9eCamarotoechia\xe2\x80\x9d boloniensis (D\xe2\x80\x99Orbigny, 1850). These determinations together with those presented by Comte (1959) may lead te the conclusion that the Cr\xc3\xa9menes Limestone is of lowermost Famennian age and is older than the stratigraphic hiatus.
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  • 23
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    List of the types of african freshwater fishes in the Amsterdam Zoological Museum, with notes on their synonymy (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 122, pp. 177-182
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The generic and specific names given in the following list are those used by the original author and also correspond to those on the specimen jar labels. These names are followed by their full synonymy, if any, the latest correct taxonomical designation for the species figuring as the last one on the list of synonyms. The appropriate bibliographic reference follows each name, including the original description as well as later authors responsible for taxonomical changes.\nWhen the type material consisted of several specimens without designation of a holotype, a lectoholotype has been selected, usually on the basis of indications given by the author, such as the size of the largest specimen, notes given on jar labels, in the card index, illustrations, etc.
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  • 24
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    Fluke\xe2\x80\x99s catalogue of neotropical Syrphidae (Insecta, Diptera), a critical study with an appendix on new names in Syrphidae (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 127, pp. 212-221
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Fluke made, during nearly forty years, a literature survey as a supplement to Aldrich\xe2\x80\x99s catalogue of North American Diptera. In the course of the years the South American species were included as well. In the last years of his life FLUKE (1956\xe2\x80\x941959) assembled his catalogue of neotropical Syrphidae from the extensive literature survey in his possession.\nWhen finishing a study of Fluke\xe2\x80\x99s catalogue I thought it advisable to summarize the results in a publication accessible to all. I hope that the supplementary material and some rectifications will be useful in amplifying the important literature survey given in Fluke\xe2\x80\x99s catalogue.
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  • 25
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    Deep-sea Pycnogonida collected by the \xe2\x80\x9cCirrus\xe2\x80\x9d in the Northern Atlantic (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 135, pp. 45-52
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Two Pycnogonida only have been collected during the cruises of the meteorological vessel \xe2\x80\x9dCirrus\xe2\x80\x9d in deep plankton tows, but both specimens, each belonging to a different species, proved to be of considerable interest. I am indebted to Mr. C. L. Bekkering and Mr. S. D. Koning, who presented this precious material to the Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum, Amsterdam.\nThe one specimen belongs to a relatively well-known species, Callipallene acus (Meinert, 1898). On the basis of this material, our knowledge on the external morphology of this species, more particularly on the polymorphism in the legs, could be extended.
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  • 26
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    The distribution of introduced mollusc species in Southern Africa (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 144, pp. 161-169
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Artificial distribution patterns of animals and plants may be defined as those caused or fostered deliberately or accidentally by man. Consequently we can distinguish two types of artificial distribution, viz., that of animals accidentally distributed by man (rats, mice, insects, slugs, etc.) and that of animals deliberately transported by man (domestic and pet animals; species involved in transmission of game animals and biological control of insects and plants, etc.). A considerable proportion of accidentally transported animals is made up of non-marine molluscs and it appears that there are few countries on the seaboard that have not yet experienced the immigration of some foreign pulmonate. Accidental transport, invasion and establishment can only be successful in species which have a wide ecological tolerance; not only must they be able to survive the voyage, but in their new country they usually have to adapt themselves to a different climate, soil and vegetation, while at the same time having to compete with the indigenous fauna for available ecological niches. All immigrant animal species are subject to these factors, which have been proven to be of prime importance in South Africa by the (abundant) survival and proliferation of adaptable bird species such as Passer domesticus, Sturnus vulgaris and Acridotheres tristis, as opposed to the disappearance of less adaptable species such as Turdus ericetorum and T. merula.\nAmong all countries in Southern Africa (the subcontinent south of the Zambezi and Cunene Rivers), South Africa proper has had more than its share of these migrations. Various authors have dealt with immigrant molluscs (e.g., BARNARD, 1948; BIGALKE, 1937; CONNOLLY, 1916, 1939; D\xc3\x9cRR, 1946; FORCART, 1963; JOUBERT & WALTERS, 1951; WALD\xc3\x89N, 1961) but more information has been obtained recently. At the present the list stands at 24 species belonging to eleven families of the subclass Gastropoda Pulmonata (dates of introduction or first discovery added between brackets): 1. Lymnaea columella Say, 1817 (1944), 2. Physastra dispar (Sowerby, 1873) (so far in aquarium tanks only, 1944), 3. Vallonia pulchella (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (1846), 4. Arion hortensis F\xc3\xa9russac, 1819 (before 1939), 5. Arion intermedius Normand, 1852 (1898), 6. Vitrea cristallina (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (1890), 7. Oxychilus alliarius (Miller, 1822) (\xc2\xb1 1894), 8. Oxychilus cellarius (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (1846), 9. Oxychilus draparnaudi (Beck, 1837) (\xc2\xb1 1908), 10. Zonitoides arboreus (Say, 1816) (before 1912), 11. Milax gagates (Draparnaud, 1801)\xc2\xb9) (1873, or even before 1848), 12. Limax flavus Linnaeus, 1758 (before 1900), 13. Limax maximus Linnaeus, 1758 (1900), 14. Limax nyctelius Bourguignat, 1861 (before 1939), 15. Limax valentianus F\xc3\xa9russac, 1823 (1961), 16. Deroceras caruanae (Pollonera, 1891) (1963), 17. Deroceras laevis (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (before 1898), 18. Deroceras reticulatus (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (before 1898), 19. Subulina octona (Brugui\xc3\xa8re, 1792) (1905), 20. Testacella maugei (F\xc3\xa9russac, 1819) (before 1893), 21. Bradybaena similaris (F\xc3\xa9russac, 1821) (\xc2\xb1 1860), 22. Cochlicella ventricosa (Draparnaud, 1801) (1909), 23. Theba pisana (M\xc3\xbcller, 1774) (1881), 24. Helix aspersa M\xc3\xbcller, 1774 (\xc2\xb1 1854).
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  • 27
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    Sur deux esp\xc3\xa8ces D\'anthessius (Copepoda) des Indes Orientales (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 14, pp. 111-124
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Les esp\xc3\xa8ces du genre Anthessius Della Valle, 1880, sont associ\xc3\xa9es de fa\xc3\xa7on tr\xc3\xa8s pr\xc3\xa9f\xc3\xa9rentielle \xc3\xa0 deux classes de Mollusques: les P\xc3\xa9l\xc3\xa9cypodes et les Gast\xc3\xa9ropodes. Notre connaissance taxonomique du genre progresse actuellement de mani\xc3\xa8re tr\xc3\xa8s rapide. Il y a cinq ans seulement, on ne connaissait que 11 esp\xc3\xa8ces d\'Anthessius; Illg, en 1960, en \xc3\xa9num\xc3\xa9rait 17; r\xc3\xa9cemment, Stock, Humes & Gooding (1963) en d\xc3\xa9nombraient 23. Ces derniers auteurs int\xc3\xa9graient, pour la premi\xc3\xa8re fois, dans le genre Anthessius, une esp\xc3\xa8ce malaise, d\xc3\xa9crite par Leigh-Sharpe, en 1934, sous le nom de Lichomolgus brevicaudis. La description originale de cette esp\xc3\xa8ce, beaucoup trop insuffisante, n\'en permettant pas une d\xc3\xa9termination exacte, son appartenance au genre Anthessius fut \xc3\xa9tablie par une nouvelle \xc3\xa9tude des exemplaires types de Leigh-Sharpe. Cependant, en dehors de l\'introduction d\'Anthessius brevicaudis dans une cl\xc3\xa9 dichotomique du genre Anthessius, Stock, Humes & Gooding n\'ont pas apport\xc3\xa9 d\'informations plus d\xc3\xa9taill\xc3\xa9es sur la morphologie externe de cette esp\xc3\xa8ce mal connue.\nJe reviendrai dans la pr\xc3\xa9sente note sur ce sujet et donnerai une redescription compl\xc3\xa8te d\'Anthessius brevicaudis, bas\xc3\xa9e sur un nouvel examen des exemplaires types.\nJ\'ajouterai \xc3\xa0 cette \xc3\xa9tude la description d\'une esp\xc3\xa8ce nouvelle d\'Anthessius, recueillie en Nouvelle Guin\xc3\xa9e par M. D. Smits, que je propose d\'appeler Anthessius saecularis.\nLes deux esp\xc3\xa8ces A. brevicaudis et A. saecularis, respectivement trouv\xc3\xa9es dans Pinna et Tapes, apportent une confirmation \xc3\xa0 l\'opinion ant\xc3\xa9rieurement acquise, selon laquelle les Anthessius t\xc3\xa9moignent d\'une pr\xc3\xa9f\xc3\xa9rence manifeste \xc3\xa0 parasiter des Mollusques, en l\'occurrence des P\xc3\xa9l\xc3\xa9cypodes.
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  • 28
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    On a new species of Denisonia (Reptilia, Serpentes) from New Guinea (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 52, pp. 550-554
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    Beschreibung: Until now the Elapid genus Denisonia had not been recorded from New Guinea, and this is remarkable in so far as the genus is known from Australia (and Tasmania) to the south, and from the Solomon Islands to the northeast of New Guinea. It is therefore not very surprising that now evidence has been procured of the presence of the genus in New Guinea. A single specimen of a species that we believe to be new to science was collected at Merauke in southern West New Guinea by Mr. A. J. M. Monsanto in 1959.\nThe genus Denisonia is here accepted in its old sense, such as it was used by Boulenger (1896, p. 332), and by the majority of subsequent authors.\nRecently, Worrell (1961a; 1961b, pp. 24-26; 1963) has made attempts to divide Denisonia into eight genera, but as yet the new genera diagnosed by him do not seem to be well founded. In his key to seven of the genera distinguished by him at that time, Worrell (1961b, p. 25) uses inter alia the character "preocular and prefrontal scales in contact" as opposed to "preocular and prefrontal scales not in contact". However, in all species concerned the preocular is in contact with the prefrontal. Probably Worrell meant to indicate that in one of the genera described by him (Unechis) the prefrontal borders the preocular not only above, but also anteriorly, thus reaching the labials, and separating the nasal from the preocular; in other genera described by Worrell (1961b: Cryptophis, Drysdalia, Parasuta, and also in Suta and Denisonia Krefft) the preocular is in contact with the nasal, separating the prefrontal from the labials. However, it may be pointed out that this character is subject to individual variations. Thus, Boulenger (1896, p. 345) already stated that in Denisonia pallidiceps (G\xc3\xbcnther), the type
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  • 29
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    Notes on the fishes of western New Guinea III. The fresh water shark of Jamoer lake (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 3, pp. 9-22
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    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nIn 1954, during a visit to Hollandia, western New Guinea, it was rumoured that sharks had been observed in the fresh water of Jamoer Lake, at a distance by effluent river of about 130 km from the Arafoera Sea. For further information on the locality, including a map of the area, I refer to the first note in the present series (Boeseman, 1963: 231, fig. 6). With eagerness we welcomed an opportunity provided by Rear Admiral (at the time Captain) G. B. Fortuyn, then Commander-in-Chief Naval Forces Netherlands New Guinea, to pay a short visit to the isolated lake. All necessary facilities, including transportation and maintenance, were kindly furnished by the Royal Netherlands Naval Air Service and the Royal Marines. Accompanied by my colleagues Drs. Brongersma and Holthuis, I visited Jamoer Lake from 7 to 13 December 1954, while Dr. Brongersma revisited the lake from 22 to 26 March 1955.\n\nSHARKS IN FRESH WATER\nThe occurrence of sharks in tropical and subtropical fresh water is not as rare as usually presumed, though the number of species involved seems limited. It is strange to find that even zoologists often are surprised to learn that sharks occur in fresh water, while the principal facts gradually have penetrated even into popular and semi-popular literature (e.g., Budker, 1947: 167-169; Schultz & Stern, 1948: 56-57; Le Danois, 1949: 148-150, 164; Herald, 1961: 26, 28, 31). As the principal summaries on the subject are outdated (Engelhardt, 1913; Scheuring, 1929, map!) or usually overlooked (Smith, 1936), it seems useful to give here a general idea of the frequency of the phenomenon in Carcharhinid sharks and of the species
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  • 30
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    Parnassiana nova : XXXVI. Nachtr\xc3\xa4gliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 9) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 16, pp. 131-136
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    Beschreibung: Parnassius phoebus L. subsp. uralensis M\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9tri\xc3\xa9s Bei Erw\xc3\xa4hnung dieser Unterart in Parnassiana 3: 56 \xe2\x80\x94 irrt\xc3\xbcmlich Stichel als Autor zugeschrieben \xe2\x80\x94 haben Bryk und ich erkl\xc3\xa4rt, wegen des uneinheitlichen habitus der uns bekannten Exemplare von einer Diagnose Abstand nehmen zu sollen. Der Erhalt einer kleinen Series von 7 \xe2\x99\x82 1 \xe2\x99\x80 aus dem n\xc3\xb6rdlichen Ural veranlasst mich, das Vers\xc3\xa4umte nachzuholen, wobei ich auf Bryk\'s Beschreibung der Unterart im Tierreich 65 (Parnassiidae ii): 223 und die Abbildungen (fig. 219/219a) hinweise.\nP. p. uralensis M\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9tri\xc3\xa9s ist eine zwischen den asiatischen und den europ\xc3\xa4ischen P. phoebus-Vertretern intermedi\xc3\xa4re, dichtbeschuppte, digryphe subspecies, \xe2\x99\x82 29-32 mm, \xe2\x99\x80 32 mm. \xe2\x99\x82 im Vorderfl\xc3\xbcgel mit schmaler, gut ausgebildeter Marginale bis etwa Cu1, gezackter mittelkr\xc3\xa4ftiger Submarginale bis \xc3\xbcber M3; Costalband erreicht in der Regel M1, erster Fleck meist, dritter Fleck zuweilen mit rotem Kern. Endzellfleck l\xc3\xa4nglich, Mittelzellfleck erreicht nicht die untere Discoidale. Hinterrandsfleck fehlend bis klein erhalten. Hinterfl\xc3\xbcgel mit mittelgrossen, breit schwarzumrandeten Ozellen, die meist einen bescheidenen Weissspiegel zeigen. Analband fehlt oder ist auch schmal zweizeilig ausgepr\xc3\xa4gt. Hinterrandsschw\xc3\xa4rze nicht ausgebreitet. \xe2\x99\x80 im Vorderfl\xc3\xbcgel mit kr\xc3\xa4ftigen Glasbinden bis zum Hinterrand, die lunulae zwischen diesen deutlich. Zellflecke schmal. Costalband bis M2 mit Rotkernung im ersten und dritten Fleck, mit dem starken Hinterrandsfleck durch eine fasciata-Binde verbunden. Im Hinterfl\xc3\xbcgel sind beide Glasbinden schmal, gut ausgepr\xc3\xa4gt. Ozellen gross, mit bescheidenem weissen Kern. Analband zweizeilig stark ausgepr\xc3\xa4gt, ein dritter Fleck angedeutet. Hinterrandsschw\xc3\xa4rze wie beim \xe2\x99\x82 nicht ausgebreitet.
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  • 31
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    Embryologie pr\xc3\xa9coce de Sacculina carcini Thompson (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 1, pp. 1-11
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nDans sa monographie pourtant tr\xc3\xa8s compl\xc3\xa8te de Sacculina carcini Thompson, publi\xc3\xa9e en 1884, Delage ne traite pas de l\'\xc3\xa9tude embryologique de cette esp\xc3\xa8ce. Il ne se d\xc3\xa9sint\xc3\xa9ressait pas pour autant de ce sujet sur lequel il exprimait son intention de revenir \xe2\x80\x9eplus tard, dans un moment opportun".\nLes seules recherches d\'embryologie descriptive ant\xc3\xa9rieures \xc3\xa0 l\'\xe2\x80\x9e\xc3\x89volution de la Sacculine" sont dues \xc3\xa0 Van Beneden (1869-1870). Van Beneden a bien vu la division totale de l\'oeuf en deux, puis en quatre blastom\xc3\xa8res \xc3\xa8gaux, mais l\'impossibilit\xc3\xa9 o\xc3\xb9 il s\'est trouv\xc3\xa9 de suivre la division des noyaux l\'a conduit \xc3\xa0 consid\xc3\xa9rer qu\'il y avait, apr\xc3\xa8s ce stade, s\xc3\xa9paration de \xe2\x80\x9equatre cellules embryonnaires sous forme de petits globes protoplasmiques pourvus chacun d\'un noyau. Les quatre grands globes fonc\xc3\xa9s, form\xc3\xa9s d\'\xc3\xa9l\xc3\xa9ments tr\xc3\xa8s r\xc3\xa9fringents, ne repr\xc3\xa9sentent plus des cellules; aussi, se fondent-ils bient\xc3\xb4t l\'un dans l\'autre de fa\xc3\xa7on \xc3\xa0 former un amas unique d\'\xc3\xa9l\xc3\xa9ments nutritifs".\nIl est certain que ces r\xc3\xa9sultats paraissaient peu satisfaisants \xc3\xa0 Delage qui consid\xc3\xa9rait l\'embryologie de la Sacculine comme \xe2\x80\x9eloin d\'\xc3\xaatre connue".\nCependant, sollicit\xc3\xa9 par beaucoup d\'autres sujets, Delage ne devait jamais reprendre cette \xc3\xa9tude.\nEn 1904, Abric faisait para\xc3\xaetre une courte note dans laquelle il consid\xc3\xa8re la division de l\'oeuf de Sacculine comme \xe2\x80\x9etotale et in\xc3\xa9gale", le stade 2 \xc3\xa9tant figur\xc3\xa9 par un macrom\xc3\xa8re et un microm\xc3\xa8re tous deux riches en vitellus. Le macrom\xc3\xa8re diminuant de taille et le microm\xc3\xa8re augmentant de taille, il en r\xc3\xa9sulterait deux cellules \xc3\xa9gales. Abric constate ult\xc3\xa9rieurement la formation de stades \xc3\xa0 nombre impair de blastom\xc3\xa8res (3, 5, 7), due au fait que souvent
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  • 32
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    On some New-Guinean Batrachomorphus species (Hemiptera, Jassidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 45, pp. 464-470
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    Beschreibung: The genus Batracomorphus was erected by Lewis in 1836 to contain B. irroratus, then a new species from near London. Lewis published a very detailed description of his new genus, and compared it with Iassus Germar (= Allygus atomarius F.) or Phrynomorphus Curtis (= Euscelis lineolatus Brull\xc3\xa9); then he writes: "but the position of the antennae, ocelli, &c. evidently allies it to Bythoscopus, Germ." (= Iassus lanio F.), "from which its depressed form will at once distinguish it".\nThe name was emendated by Agassiz to Batrachomorphus.\nAfter Lewis many authors, who were not able to see "at once" the difference, united Batrachomorphus with the genus in which they placed Iassus lanio F.\nRibaut gives a more detailed account of the characters separating the two genera. From this it appears that most \xe2\x80\x94 if not all \xe2\x80\x94 oriental and australian species are to be brought to Batrachomorphus, chiefly because of the number of spines on the posterior knees.\nTwo genera of australasian insects were described in 1906 resp. 1930, which are to be reunited with Batrachomorphus, viz., Eurinoscopus Kirkaldy and Marquardtella Schmidt. Both descriptions compare their object with the genus Bythoscopus Germar (= Iassus F.) and its type lanio L., which induced the authors to create a new genus. A comparison with the type of Batrachomorphus, however, shows that at most a few unimportant differences in the nervature of the tegmina can be traced, which are not of generic importance, the less so as the nervature is apt to considerable individual variation.\nOnly very few species have been mentioned as occurring in New Guinea up to now. Walker mentions quite a number of "Bythoscopus" species
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  • 33
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    Notes sur les Limaces (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 6, pp. 45-47
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    Beschreibung: 9. DESCRIPTION D\'UNE NOUVELLE ESP\xc3\x88\nCE DE DEROCERAS DES ENVIRONS DE\nGRENADE 1) M\xc3\xaame pour celui qui ne dispose pas d\'une voiture, la ville de Grenade est un magnifique centre d\'excursions. Les trams et autobus permettent au naturaliste de sortir de la ville en toutes directions et de commencer ses promenades en pleine campagne. Pendant un s\xc3\xa9jour \xc3\xa0 Grenade en avril 1960 je me suis servi quelques fois du tram \xc3\xa9lectrique qui monte la Sierra Nevada vers le sudest et dont le terminus, La Maitena, est un hameau situ\xc3\xa9 \xc3\xa0 une hauteur de 1100 m au dessus de la mer. Le 10 avril en partant de La Maitena nous avons, ma fille et moi, escalad\xc3\xa9 la montagne vers le sud et apr\xc3\xa8s avoir mont\xc3\xa9 plusieurs centaines de m\xc3\xa8tres, j\'ai consacr\xc3\xa9 une demie heure \xc3\xa0 la recherche de mollusques. Ici, \xc3\xa0 une hauteur que j\'estime \xc3\xa0 environ 1500 m, la v\xc3\xa9g\xc3\xa9tation n\'\xc3\xa9tait pas tr\xc3\xa8s abondante: \xc3\xa7\xc3\xa0 et l\xc3\xa0 un arbre ou un arbuste et puis des herbes qui ne couvraient le sol qu\'en partie (pl. VIII). Le long du lit dess\xc3\xa9ch\xc3\xa9 d\'un ruisseau la v\xc3\xa9g\xc3\xa9tation \xc3\xa9tait plus dense et c\'est l\xc3\xa0 que sous une pierre je trouvai deux limaces, le seul butin de ma chasse.\nL\'\xc3\xa9tude de ces animaux m\'a convaincu qu\'il s\'agit d\'une esp\xc3\xa8ce nouvelle.\nJe me ferai un plaisir de la d\xc3\xa9dier au professeur Hilbrand Boschma \xc3\xa0 l\'occasion de son 7oe anniversaire. Qu\'il veuille consid\xc3\xa9rer cette d\xc3\xa9dicace comme un t\xc3\xa9moignage de ma reconnaissance de l\'appui qu\'il m\'a apport\xc3\xa9 tant de fois et dans des circonstances si diverses.\nLes deux animaux furent conserv\xc3\xa9s en alcool de 70 degr\xc3\xa9s apr\xc3\xa8s avoir \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 \xc3\xa9tendus par immersion dans l\'eau pendant une nuit. La description se rapporte aux sp\xc3\xa9cimens ainsi conserv\xc3\xa9s.
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  • 34
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    Parnassiana nova : XXXV. Nachtr\xc3\xa4gliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 8) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 5, pp. 25-27
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    Beschreibung: VARIA\nParnassius mnemosyne L. subsp. puschlavensis Eisner Bei der Beschreibung dieser Unterart in Parnassiana Nova XVIII habe ich ausdr\xc3\xbccklich darauf hingewiesen, dass ich mich dazu trotz der mir nur vorliegenden 2 \xe2\x99\x82 1 \xe2\x99\x80 entschlossen habe, weil die Art aus Graub\xc3\xbcnden nicht bekannt war, und ihr Vorkommen, auch das ihrer Futterpflanze, im Puschlav isoliert ist.\nIm Jahre 1963 habe ich am 7. Juli eine leider schon abgeflogene Serie von 16 \xe2\x99\x82 1 \xe2\x99\x80 P. mnemosyne oberhalb San Carlo, in etwa 1200 m H\xc3\xb6he, erbeuten k\xc3\xb6nnen, die es mir gestattet, die Beschreibung zu erg\xc3\xa4nzen. Es handelt sich um eine wenig digryphe subspecies, die schon an den habitus der italienischen Unterarten erinnert, vor allem durch ihren rundlichen Fl\xc3\xbcgelschnitt und die Ausbildung des Medianaugenflecks. \xe2\x99\x82 26-32 mm, das \xe2\x99\x80 34 mm. \xe2\x99\x82 mit breitem Glasband bis Cu1 und dessen schmaler Fortsetzung bis etwa Cu2; lunulae mehr oder minder deutlich ausgepr\xc3\xa4gt. Costalfleck, Zellflecke bescheiden. Im Hinterfl\xc3\xbcgel schwach entwickelte Hinterrandsschw\xc3\xa4rze, die den Hinterrand nicht erreicht und vorn nur ganz wenig in die Zelle eindringt. Analflecke fehlen \xc3\xbcberwiegend, bei 3 \xe2\x99\x82 einzellig, bei 1 \xe2\x99\x82 zweizeilig schwach ausgebildet; Costalaugenfleck fehlt oder ist klein vorhanden, der mediane Fleck bescheiden bis kr\xc3\xa4ftig, an die Zellader angelehnt. Der habitus des \xe2\x99\x80 deckt sich mit der Urbeschreibung, doch zeigt es einen Anflug des Hinterrandflecks, und ein breiteres Costal- und Analband.\nP. mnemosyne L. und P. apollo L. im Monts-Dore-Gebiet Dar\xc3\xbcber, was \xc3\xbcber das Vorkommen dieser beiden Parnassius-Arten im Monts-Dore-Gebiet in der Litteratur im Laufe der Jahre bis zur Beschreibung
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  • 35
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    On two new species of the genus Acanthochondria Oakley (Crustacea Copepoda) found in Japan (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 4, pp. 30-36
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    Beschreibung: Acanthochondria Oakley is a genus of parasitic copepods, the members of which usually cling to the gills or gill arches of fishes, or to the mucous membrane of their buccal cavity, or to the inner surface of their operculum.\nTwo new species of this genus recently obtained in Japan are described here in some detail.\nAcanthochondria yui sp. nov. (figs. 1, 2) Occurrence. \xe2\x80\x94 On the operculum, the gill arches and the roof of the buccal cavity of Acanthogobius flavimanus (Temminck & Schlegel), taken at the estuary of the river Aikawa, Tsu, Japan, by Mr. K. Mori. 19 females on one host, 22 on another; each associated with a male. One of the females from the former lot is selected the holotype.\nFemale. \xe2\x80\x94 The colour is whitish, the egg tubes are white. The length from the head to the abdomen is 5.53 mm, that from the head to the caudal lobe of the fourth segment 6.00 mm, the width across the third segment is 2.66 mm, the egg tube measures 4.27 mm.\nThe head is ovoidal, slightly wider posteriorly than anteriorly, and as long as the next two segments combined. The first thoracic segment is cylindrical, short, and somewhat narrower than the head. The second segment is a little broader than the head, with round sides, and is separated from the adjoining segments, both in front and behind, by lateral notches. The third and fourth segments are swollen, strongly widening, and separated from each other by a pair of lateral constrictions. They are well convex on the sides, and subequal to each other both in length and in width; their combined length on the midline equals that of the rest of the body, and their width reaches twice that of the head. The fourth segment has a pair of linguiform lobes, extending backwards for some distance beyond the terminal
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  • 36
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    Summer records of Syrphidae (Diptera) from Sicily, with field notes and descriptions of new species (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 42, pp. 414-432
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    Beschreibung: In July 1961 a trip was made to Sicily, with the main object to collect insects. Collecting was mainly done in two localities, which will be more extensively dealt with below. Descriptions of four new species of Syrphid flies, and descriptive notes and records of other species will be given after the field observations.\n\nFIELD OBSERVATIONS\n(1) The southeastern slope of Mount Etna, 1400-2950 m. We captured our material from 50 m below the Albergo Etna upwards in a Castanea forest, in the region around Rifugio Filiciusa in pine forest, and around both ends of the Funicolare Etna. In the field the going was difficult, especially in old lavastreams, due to loose lava rock of all sizes and in all positions. Even 100 year old lavastreams (1860) had scanty vegetation.\nThe region was very dry. The only water we found was in the closed well of Rifugio Filiciusa where many social Hymenoptera sucked spilled water, and in two small open cement tanks at the upper end of Funicolare Etna.\nA very good method for the capture of flies was discovered by accident.\nWe observed during our meals that many flies (Syrphidae and Bombyliidae) were attracted by our transparent shiny plastic foil and evidently by mistake took it for water. The folds in the plastic glittered in the sunlight like ripples. The flies landed on the edge or near it and then walked towards it and tried to drink. Especially specimens of the Eristalis group hovered over it in number. Later on we deliberately used it as bait with much success. This method, of course, will only do in dry regions. We had no success in our second locality near a lake in the mountains. When dulled by lava dust our plastic lost its attraction. Dull plastic did not work.
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  • 37
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    Synonymic notes on East Asiatic Gomphidae with descriptions of two new species (Odonata) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 13, pp. 89-110
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    Beschreibung: The writer ascertains the existence of a fairly large number of Old World Gomphidae exhibiting a mixture of admittedly epigomphine and gomphine characters; he emphasizes the point that certain features hitherto considered of primary importance can no longer be used as a basis for subfamily grouping. Examples are given of intermediate genera whose proper allocation cannot even be estimated, for which reason the segregation of the Epigomphinae is considered ill-founded and must be suspended.
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  • 38
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    Further revisional notes on the Belonidae (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 33, pp. 311-326
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nIn my recent revision of the Belonidae (Mees, 1962) a number of problems had to remain unsolved because of lack of material, and in particular because of a number of named forms the type specimens had not been available. The revision was called "preliminary" for that reason.\nThanks to the co-operation of colleagues in several countries I have been able, on a round-the-world tour which lasted from February to August, 1962, to examine nearly all the types of what I had previously had to regard as species dubiae, and other type specimens, which show that in a few instances the synonymy presented in my paper is erroneous. A serious error in the key also became obvious (see under Belone punctulata).\nThough, inevitably, a few problems remain to be solved, it is now possible to give a reasonably exact count of the number of genera, species and subspecies in the family. I recognise two genera: Potamorrhaphis with one species, and Belone with 23 species and 5 subspecies. This compares with estimates of from sixty to a hundred species given in literature.\n\nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\nIt is a pleasant duty to acknowledge the help from the colleagues who made it possible for me to examine so many type specimens: Dr. J. W.\nB\xc3\xb6hlke (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia), Miss E. Hahn (Macleay Museum, Sydney), Dr. D. K\xc3\xa4hsbauer (Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien), Dr. W. Klausewitz (Natur-Museum und Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg, Frankfurt), Dr. G. A. Mead (Museum of Comparative Zo\xc3\xb6logy, Cambridge, Mass.), Dr. D. E. Rosen (American Museum of Natural History, New York), Dr. G. von Wahlert (Staatliches Museum f\xc3\xbcr Natur-
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  • 39
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    On the distribution of the genus Xerocerastus Kobelt & Von M\xc3\xb6llendorff, 1902 (Mollusca, Gastropoda Pulmonata, Subulinidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 24, pp. 224-234
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    Beschreibung: Opgedragen aan Prof. Dr. H. Boschma ter gelegenheid van zijn 70ste verjaardag.\nThe subfamily Rumininae of the pulmonate gastropod family Subulinidae is represented in Southern Africa by the endemic genus Xerocerastus Kobelt & von M\xc3\xb6llendorff, 1902. Xerocerastus has been divided into three subgenera, viz., Xerocerastus s.s., Lubricetta Haas, 1928 and Namibiella Zilch, 1954 \xc2\xb9). About fourteen species with many varieties, of which most are probably only of ecological significance, are now generally recognized. The genus is not treated in Connolly\'s monograph (1939), but the group has been reported upon in detail by various authors, viz., Connolly (1930), Zilch (1939, 1954) and Van Bruggen (1963).\nA number of years ago my attention was drawn to a sample of Xerocerastus burchelli (Gray) from the Northern Transvaal, preserved in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden; this seemed outside the known range of both genus and species and the case was filed for further investigation. Only recently I have had opportunity to go into this matter and the results of this study are presented here.\nPilsbry (1919, pp. 309-310, fig. 158) was the first to discuss distribution and affinities of the genus Xerocerastus. Degner\'s (1923) studies of the anatomy showed that, contrary to general opinion, Xerocerastus does not belong to the Enidae, but must be referred to the family Subulinidae of the superfamily Achatinacea (c.q. Achatinidae s.l.). Consequently in showing the distribution of Xerocerastus as a subgenus of Cerastus, and in connection with the range of the latter, Pilsbry\'s map has to a certain extent lost its meaning. The genus Xerocerastus has to be considered an isolated element
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  • 40
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    Notes on Mediterranean Alcyonium species (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 17, pp. 153-167
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    Beschreibung: In this paper I will try to solve the controversial points still existing in respect to the species Alcyonium palmatum Pallas, Alcyonium acaule Marion and Alcyonium brioniense K\xc3\xbckenthal. I found that A. brioniense has to be regarded a synonym of A. acaule, and that A. palmatum adriaticum K\xc3\xbckenthal, 1907, ( = A. adriaticum of K\xc3\xbckenthal, 1909) can neither be considered a geographical race nor a valid species.\nI wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. L. D. Brongersma, director, and Drs. W. Vervoort and L. B. Holthuis, curators, of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden, to Prof. Dr. H. Engel, director, and Dr.\nJ. H. Stock, curator, of the Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum at Amsterdam, for placing material of their respective museums at my disposal and for their kind assistance. My thanks are also due to my colleagues Mr. W. ter Spill, who revised my English, and Mr. G. J. Vrijmoeth, who performed for me the difficult task of making the photographs.\n\nOUTLINE OF THE LITERATURE CONCERNING ALCYONIUM ACAULE MARION\nAND A. BRIONIENSE K\xc3\x9c\nKENTHAL\nIn 1878 Marion distinguished between two types of Alcyonium, occurring in the Bay of Marseilles. The first type he called \xe2\x80\x9eles Alcyons des fonds vaseux", evidently since it is found on a muddy bottom. This type was characterized as follows: (a) the colony has a long sterile stalk (Marion, 1878, pl. 6 fig. 1); (b) the length of the colony is 23 cm and more; (c) usually the colour is palish, though sometimes it may be a dirty light-yellow, brown-red or bright vermilion; (d) the tegument is transparent and nearly colourless; (e) usually the zooids are colourless or slightly white or yellow, sometimes their spicules are reddish; (f) in the sterile stalk there are short,
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  • 41
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    Note on the distribution of Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902) and Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771) in the Netherlands (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 15, pp. 125-146
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    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nIn 1956 Kinne (1956, p. 257) published the description of a new athecate hydroid, Perigonimus megas, discovered by him in the Nordostseekanal, a canal connecting the North Sea with the Baltic. Kinne\'s new species resembles a well known and widely distributed fresh- and brackish-water hydroid, Cordylophora caspia (Pallas), in fact the resemblance between both species, though belonging to two different families of athecate hydroids (Perigonimus megas to the Bougainvilliidae; Cordylophora caspia to the Clavidae) is such that confusion is likely to occur and Kinne pointed out two occasions where the species have been confused by students of hydroids from the Netherlands. Both cases will be discussed below. The fact that on one of these occasions I have myself confused both species and contributed to the confusions arising from the misidentification, has prompted me to go through all available material of both species in the collections of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam (Z.M.A.), the collections of the Division for Delta1) research of the Hydrobiological Institute, (= Delta Institute), Yerseke (D.I.), and the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden (R.M.N.H.). These studies brought forward the surprising result that Kinne\'s Perigonimus megas was a very common species in the former Zuiderzee, where it has now completely disappeared.\nThe study of the very abundant material from the Netherlands has shown that both species, in well preserved form and especially when bearing gonophores, can be separated without any difficulty. The well
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  • 42
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    Four new subspecies of birds from the Moluccas and New Guinea (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 15, pp. 125-130
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    Beschreibung: Routine examination of the bird collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie reveals, from time to time, the presence of unnamed subspecies. Four of these, from the Moluccas and from New Guinea, are described here. I am well aware that the detached description of some new subspecies is not a very valuable contribution to systematic ornithology, and usually try to incorporate descriptions in larger papers and revisions. The subspecies concerned belong, however, to species that are well-known or have been revised recently, so that little would be gained by postponing their descriptions.\nI am indebted to Dr. Dean Amadon for the loan of material of Ailur\xc6\xa1edus buccoides stonii from the collections of the American Museum of Natural History.\nTanysiptera galatea boanensis subspecies nova Diagnosis. \xe2\x80\x94 Adult birds differ from the adjacent races T. g. nais G. R.\nGray and T. g. acis Wallace, in that the whole crown is azureous blue; moreover several feathers on the anterior part of the back have azureous edges.\nIn both nais and acis, the central and anterior parts of the crown are blueviolet, and the anterior part of the back is violet. The new race has the scapulars paler azureous in colour than the two other races.\nMaterial. \xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x99\x82 ad., type of subspecies, RMNH regd. no. 35579; \xe2\x99\x80 ad., \xe2\x99\x80 juv., all collected in 1863 on Boano by D. S. Hoedt.\nDistribution. \xe2\x80\x94 Confined to the island of Boano, off the north-west coast of Ceram.\nRemarks. \xe2\x80\x94 These birds were compared with a large series of T. g. nais, but only a single adult male of T. g. acis was available for comparison. The
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  • 43
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    The identity of the genus Austrobuxus Miq. (Euphorbiaceae) (1964)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 362-362
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    Beschreibung: During a geographical survey of the genus Buxus in Malaysia I came across the name Buxus nitidus (Miq.) Hall. \xc6\x92. Med. Rijksherb. n. 37 (1918) 16. This is based on a plant from Sumatra, collected by Teysmann (HB 769) on the coast of Sibolga, and described by Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. (1861) 444\xe2\x80\x94445, as the representative of a new genus: Austrobuxus nitidus Miq., provided with a generico-specific description.\nThis genus had tentatively been reduced by Bentham & Hooker (Gen. P. 3, 1880, 280) to another genus of the Buxaceae, viz. Sarcococca, notwithstanding its decussate leaves; more specially to S. sumatrana Bl. Mus. Bot. L. B. 2 (1856) 191, of which I could not find the type; no material was cited with its description.
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  • 44
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    The Fresh-Water Fishes of the Island of Trinidad: addenda, errata et corrigenda (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Cura\xc3\xa7ao and other Caribbean Islands vol. 20 no. 1, pp. 52-57
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    Beschreibung: Recently Dr. I. KRISTENSEN, Director of the Caribbean Marine-Biological Institute at Cura\xc3\xa7ao, kindly donated to the Leiden Natural History Museum a small collection of fishes he collected during a 1961 visit to Trinidad. These specimens proved to be of considerable interest, providing new distributional data and even including two species not listed in my previous review of the freshwater fishes of the island (1960), and induced me to prepare the present paper. The opportunity has been taken in this paper to correct some errors and omissions in the review.\nThe species discussed here are numbered in accordance with my 1960 enumeration, the numbers 2a and 68a being additions.
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  • 45
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    Collemboles symphypl\xc3\xa9ones du Surinam (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 56-81
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    Beschreibung: La collection de Collemboles rapport\xc3\xa9e de la Guyane Hollandaise par notre Coll\xc3\xa8gue Monsieur J. VAN DER DRIFT est relativement importante.\nToutefois elle ne comprend que 5 esp\xc3\xa8ces de Collemboles Symphypl\xc3\xa9ones qui seront \xc3\xa9tudi\xc3\xa9es ici. La pr\xc3\xa9sente \xc3\xa9tude permettra de constater \xc3\xa0 quel point cette faune est originale et combien il serait int\xc3\xa9ressant de mieux conna\xc3\xaetre la faune tropicale de l\xe2\x80\x99Am\xc3\xa9rique m\xc3\xa9ridionale.
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  • 46
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    El Bierzo. \xc3\x89tude s\xc3\xa9dimentologique et g\xc3\xa9omorphologique d\xe2\x80\x99un bassin intramontagneux dans le NW de l\xe2\x80\x99Espagne (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 141-181
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: SEDIMENTOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY OF EL BIERZO (NW SPAIN) The purpose of this investigation was to study sedimentation in an intramontane basin in its relation to the relief of the surrounding mountain area.\nEl Bierzo, an intramontane basin in NE Spain, is partly filled by continental Tertiary sediments whose age is thought to be Vindobonian on the basis of comparison with those of the Duero basin. These deposits were analysed by sedimentological methods: determination of grain-size, grain roundness, pebble composition, mineralogy of the light and heavy fractions and of the clays (by x-ray).\nIn some places the Tertiairy deposits overlie deeply weathered Paleozoic rocks, considered to be the C-horizon of paleosols of Tertiary age from which the red and more clayey A and B zones have disappeared. The latter, together with unweathered rocks, are thought to be the source material of the Tertiary beds.\nFive different facies have been distinguished in the Miocene deposits. In the SW there are red-brown conglomerates with pebbles consisting partially of shale (Las M\xc3\xa9dulas facies). The main mass of the basin sediments are mostly silts and clayey silts with some gravels, the sandy fractions again consisting mainly of shale fragments (Santalla facies). These deposits are therefore thought to derive from the the same source as those of Las M\xc3\xa9dulas and to represent the finer fractions which were transported farther. Near the borders of the basin there are some local grey calcareous deposits containing breccias that are assumed to have been formed near faults (Vega de Espinareda facies). On top of the beds in the Santalla facies there are again local conglomerates of a more yellow colour (Fresnedo facies). The Astorga-facies, lastly, forms a transition to the deposits of the Duero basin in the E; it contains red conglomerates as well as sands and silts.\nAmong the clay minerals, illite usually predominates as in the source rocks, but in the stagnant waters of the basin centre montmorillonite was formed as well. Towards the E there is an increasing kaolinite content, and in one case a considerable amount of attapulgite was found. The heavy minerals are for the most part the common resistant species, with the addition of anatase (which occurs in lateritic soils) in the Astorga facies. These facts suggest that the Tertiary soil-forming processes were more intense (i.e. lateritic in type) in the eastern part than in the Bierzo basin proper.\nSedimentation started when some parts of the Miocene relief, covered by a thick soil, began to rise and were partly eroded, and others subsided so as to form an area of sedimentation. Remains of the Early Miocene topography are preserved in various places as surfaces with low relief on which remainders of Tertiary deposits and deep weathering are found. The most important of these is the Bra\xc3\xb1uelas surface, a plateau separating the Bierzo from the Duero basin. This plateau must once have been covered by Miocene sediments, which means that the deposits of both areas were connected and that drainage took place towards the E. After the tectonic movements that affected the Bierzo basin towards the end of the Miocene, the connection was severed and the drainage direction was reversed to the W.\nLater, probably during the Villafranchian, pediments on the lower slopes of the uplifted mountain masses were covered by thin angular gravels(ra\xc3\xb1a\xe2\x80\x99s) and fanglomerates, and the erosion surfaces were remodelled. During the remainder of the Quaternary, five terrace levels were formed in the easily erocable deposits of the Bierzo, and the partial evacuation of the basin deposits was accomplished.
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  • 47
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    Notes on some Pteropods from the North Atlantic (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 121, pp. 167-176
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    Beschreibung: A number of samples collected by the Scotia and Explorer Expeditions in 1950 in the North Atlantic were found among undetermined material left by Dr. J. J. TESCH after his death in 1954. Some interesting specimens in these samples seem to justify their publication. My grateful acknowledgements are tendered to Dr. J. H. FRASER of the Marine Laboratory at Aberdeen, for so kindly giving me full information concerning the samples. The author is also very much indebted to Dr. C. O. VAN REGTEREN ALTENA who lent the material of both expeditions, which is part of the collection of the Leiden Museum.\nTable I gives an enumeration of the species met with and the data concerning the stations. In Fig. 1 the stations are given together with surface currents.
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  • 48
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    On Paradoxurus hermaphroditus javanicus (Horsfield, 1824). The Common Palm Civet or Tody Cat in western Java. Notes on its food and feeding habits. Its ecological importance for wood and rural biotopes (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 124, pp. 193-201
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    Beschreibung: In and around wooded areas P. h. javanicus feeds almost entirely on berries and pulpy fruits, perhaps rarely on small, slow animals. It does not damage the seeds it swallows and which it deposits later, up to a few kilometers from the tree wherefrom it took the fruit. The deposited seeds are fully germinable and cleansed of the adhering fruit meat, thus preventing possible destruction of the germ through moulds. Notably for some palm seeds \xe2\x80\x94 such as those of the sugar palm \xe2\x80\x94 passage through the Tody Cat\xe2\x80\x99s intestinal tract seems necessary for rendering them germinable. A typical habit seems to be its accomplishing an auto-peristaltic movement whenever it arrives at an open spot, a fresh earthslide or the like. Right here it prefers to deposit its droppings and in so doing start reforestation.\nFor many seeds it is the only agent performing this service. Its usefulness in this respect is hardly known, much less appreciated and honoured.\nIts alleged rapacity as to poultry is definitely exaggerated, probably false, and certainly needs scientific investigation and proof. The quantity of consumption-fruit it takes from man-owned fruit trees must be considered trivial as compared to what other animals take, and for which it is too often blamed.\nThe evidence available strongly supports the desirability to protect Paradoxurus hermaphroditus javanicus against indiscriminate killing.
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  • 49
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    Sur une nouvelle esp\xc3\xa8ce d\xe2\x80\x99Amphipode, interm\xc3\xa9diaire entre Niphargus et Niphargellus, du Boulonnais (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 147, pp. 185-198
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Niphargus boulangei nov. spec. was found in subterranean waters in the North of France at Maninghen-Henne and near la Tr\xc3\xa9sorerie (Pas-de-Calais). The third mandible palp segment bears, just as in the other Niphargus species a comb-like row of setae, which, however, are in the present species, just as in Niphargus glenniei Spooner, 1952, reduced to very short cilii.\nThe genus Niphargellus Schellenberg, 1938, has been separated from Niphargus chiefly because of the complete absence of a comb-like row of setae on the third mandible palp segment. Yet, after examination of some of Schellenberg\xe2\x80\x99s samples of Niphargellus arndti and Niphargellus nolli a reduced comb-like row turned out to be present, reason for us to propose to synonymize the genus Niphargellus with Niphargus. The two species formerly included in Niphargellus are transferred now to Niphargus and should be named Niphargus arndti Schellenberg, 1933, and Niphargus nolli (Schellenberg, 1938) nov. comb.
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  • 50
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    Bleeker\xe2\x80\x99s collection in the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 131, pp. 23-25
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    Beschreibung: It is of importance to know the history of zoological museum collections for it gives information about the trustworthiness of the habitat and the determination of the specimens in the collection. Mrs. Tera van der Feenvan Benthem Jutting, to whom this publication is dedicated, now that she is leaving the museum, has given an excellent account of the mollusc collection, which she had in care for so many years.\nIn this short paper I shall try to give some information about the history of the ichthyological collections and specially of Bleeker\xe2\x80\x99s collection.
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  • 51
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    On some Chiroptera from Greece (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 120, pp. 158-166
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    Beschreibung: On a trip to Greece between the 25th April and the 25th July 1963, the authors collected (on the mainland and some islands in the Aegean) insects, amphibians and reptiles as well as 194 mammals. Among the mammals, mainly rodents and insectivores, there were also 27 bats, belonging to five species. Although this collection of Chiroptera is very small, it was thought useful to publish some notes. The more so as some recent papers have appeared (KAHMANN & \xc3\x87AGLAR, 1960; KAHMANN, 1962 and OSBORN, 1963), in which the data on the occurrence and the distribution of bats in Southeastern Europe and Turkey were summarized.\nImmediately after capture, the animals were killed, measured, weighed and then preserved in spirit. As we did not have a colour guide with us in the field, we omitted to make notes on the colours and the colour distribution. The bats, together with the other animals collected in Greece, are now part of the collections of the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. The authors are very grateful to Drs. P. J. H. van Bree (Zoological Museum, Amsterdam) and to Dr. J. C. Ondrias (Zoological Laboratory and Museum, Athens) for their help and encouragement, and to Mr. J. C. Whittaker for correcting the English.
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  • 52
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    Cheletomorpha lepidopterorum (Shaw, 1794) (= Ch. venustissima) (Acari, Cheyletidae) on Lepidoptera (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 136, pp. 53-60
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    Beschreibung: As long ago as 1839 C. L. KOCH described and pictured a mite which he found on several occasions in stables and hay-barns. As he was impressed by the beauty of the animal, he gave it the name Cheyletus venustissimus. But KOCH overlooked the fact that already in 1794 a description of the same mite had been published by SHAW with the name Acarus lepidopterorum (lepidopterine mite). Shaw collected it from a """"Phalaena""""; he found many mites clinging to the underside of the wings.\nSince KOCH (1839) many other authors mentioned the mite in literature using the name venustissimus. A. C. OUDEMANS also used venustissimus in his 1907 paper (p. 144\xe2\x80\x94153, figs. 37\xe2\x80\x9439), but when making the studies for his Kritisch Historisch Overzicht II (1929 : 298\xe2\x80\x94300, fig. 84), he discovered Shaw\xe2\x80\x99s publication of 1794. Shaw gave an extensive Latin and English description, as well as a drawing which was very accurate in comparison with other figures of those years.
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  • 53
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    Holothuries de Porto-Rico (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 125, pp. 202-206
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Monsieur le Dr. J.-H. Stock, du Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum d\xe2\x80\x99Amsterdam, me fit parvenir r\xc3\xa9cemment, pour identification, un petit lot d\xe2\x80\x99Holothuries r\xc3\xa9colt\xc3\xa9es par lui a Porto-Rico, fin janvier et d\xc3\xa9but f\xc3\xa9vrier 1963, et qui \xc3\xa9taient parasit\xc3\xa9es par des Cop\xc3\xa9podes. Les animaux furent captur\xc3\xa9s \xc3\xa0 la main, \xc3\xa0 mer basse ou en plong\xc3\xa9e.\nCes Holothuries se r\xc3\xa9partissent en quatre genres et sept esp\xc3\xa8ces. Six de celles-ci sont tr\xc3\xa8s communes dans la mer des Antilles et je me bornerai \xc3\xa0 en donner la liste avec l\xe2\x80\x99indication du lieu de r\xc3\xa9colte; la septi\xc3\xa8me, Halodeima stocki, est nouvelle pour la science.
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  • 54
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    Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 137, pp. 61-73
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Recently, in my paper on the Paradoxosomatidae of Borneo (JEEKEL, 1963), I discussed the taxonomy of the genus Pratinus Attems, 1937, and showed that the species of this genus in the wide sense as conceived by ATTEMS (1937, 1953) in majority belong to three other genera, viz., Orthomorpha Bollman, 1893, Leiozonius Jeekel, 1963, and Gigantomorpha Jeekel, 1963. Pratinus itself was restricted to a concept largely conforming to the idea held by POCOCK when he established this genus under the preoccupied name of Prionopeltis in 1895. Furthermore, attention was drawn to the fact that the two species of Euphyodesmus Attems, 1931, described from Ceylon, for which CHAMBERLIN (1941) created a separate subgenus Ceylonesmus, actually belong to Pratinus. In recapitulation, Pratinus was emended to embrace the following species: P. planatus (Poc., 1895), P. taurinus (Poc., 1895), P. cervinus (Poc., 1895), P. greeni (Att., 1936), and P. vector (Chamb., 1941).\nA re-examination of the type-species of the genus, P. cervinus, the study of the two new species described in the present paper, and a review of the pertinent literature now has convinced me that the concept of Pratinus must still undergo a slight alteration to the effect that the Indochinese species which ATTEMS (1937, 1953) described in the genus Centrodesmus Pocock, 1894, should be reallocated in Pratinus. The type-species of Centrodesmus, C. typicus Pocock, 1894, from Sumatra is known only in the female sex. The other Sumatran species, C. discrepans Silvestri, 1895, also was based on a female. As regards the development of the lateral keels, these species bear a certain resemblance to some species of Pratinus and some of the Indochinese species which ATTEMS referred to Centrodesmus. However, such a similarity might as well be a case of evolutionary parallelism and not necessarily signifies congenerity. Moreover, POCOCK already considered the species of Pratinus generically distinct from Centrodesmus, and since he is probably still the only one who has seen the type-species of both genera, it seems better to follow tentatively his usually sound opinion. At any rate, the species referred to Centrodesmus by ATTEMS, on account of their gonopod structure cannot be kept separate from Pratinus.
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  • 55
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    A new fish of the family Scorpaenidae from New Guinea (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 1, pp. 1-4
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The ichthyological collections brought together in various parts of New Guinea by staff members of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in 1954 and 1955 (cf. Boeseman, 1963), contain a series of scorpion-fishes which are here described as a new species, representing a new genus.\nCheroscorpaena genus novum Mainly characterized by the, in the Scorpaenidae unique, pectoral fins, which consist of nine rays connected by a membrane, followed ventrally by three entirely detached simple rays of about the same length as the main fins.\nThe type and hitherto only species of this genus is: Cheroscorpaena tridactyla species nova (pl. 1) D XIII. 7 or 8, A III. 6 or 7, \xce\xa1 i. 8-i-i-i, V I. 5, C 8 to 10 (branched rays only), gill-rakers on outer branchial arch 7 or 8 + 1 + 16 to 20, scales very small, 85 to 90 on body longitudinally, pores in lateral line about 28.\nA for a member of the family Scorpaenidae fairily slender fish, depth 3.1 to 3.3 in standard length; greatest width 1.6 to 1.8 in greatest depth. Anterior profile almost straight from the blunt snout to the first dorsal spine (in the largest specimen slightly curved, concave on the snout, convex on the nape); outline of back moderately convex towards the tail; outline of body ventrally only slightly convex, with the deepest part of the body between the 2nd and 3rd dorsal spines and the basis of the ventral fins.\nHead fairly large, 2.7 to 2.8 in standard length, with a more or less triangular outline. Snout blunt, anterior part vertical; eye small, its diameter about 7 in head and 2.5 in snout. Nostrils large, the posterior one in front of lower half of eye, the anterior one in advance of the posterior one and
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  • 56
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    Saduriella, a new genus of Isopoda Valvifera from northwestern Spain (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 6, pp. 29-35
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: During the summers of 1962 and 1963 the Geologisch en Mineralogisch Instituut of Leiden University and the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden carried out a joint exploration of the geology, oceanography and biology of Ria de Arosa, a fiord-like bay in northwestern Spain, north of Vigo. These investigations were not confined to the Ria proper, but also included the affluent rivers like the Rio Ulla and Rio Umia. These explorations will be continued in 1964.\nIn July 1963 a specimen of a peculiar isopod was found by the oceanographic party when exploring the Rio Ulla, a river emptying in the northeastern corner of the Ria de Arosa. This find caused the biologists to give more attention to the locality where the animal was caught and many more specimens were obtained there during a trip specially organized for the purpose.\nA study of the collected material revealed that the isopods are Valvifera belonging to the subfamily Mesidoteinae of the family Idoteidae. However, they could not be fitted into any of the known genera of this subfamily and consequently are described here as constituting a new genus and species.\nThe facts that (1) the species is not rare in the type locality, (2) the specimens are of good size, measuring up to 15 mm, and (3) they inhabit a habitat which is neither unusual nor difficult to explore, make it difficult to understand why the present form has not been discovered before. As the type locality is not very close to any big harbour, it seems unlikely that the species has been accidentally introduced there from somewhere else.\nA thorough exploration of other brackish waters along the European southwest coast may show that the species also occurs elsewhere in that area.
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  • 57
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    Notes on the genus Pseudocheirus Ogilby (Mammalia, Marsupialia) from New Guinea (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 53, pp. 555-572
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The present study is mainly based on material collected during the 19391940 Dutch New Guinea Expedition of the "Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap" (the Royal Netherlands Geographic Society) to the region of the Wissel Lakes in central West New Guinea. Professor Dr. H. Boschma, who was the zoologist of the expedition, then obtained 753 specimens of mammals. These specimens were mainly brought together by the natives of the region, who belong to the Kepaukoe tribe. In the period from 25 September to 20 November 1939 213 marsupials, 70 bats, 465 rodents, 2 New Guinea dogs and 3 skulls of the domestic New Guinea pig were collected in the neighbourhood of Enarotali and the Araboe bivouac.\nEnarotali, on Paniai Lake at 3\xc2\xba 55\' 40" S I36\xc2\xb0 22\' 6" E, was the headquarters of the zoologist of the expedition; this village is situated on the eastbank of the lake, at an altitude of 1765 m. Araboe bivouac is a bivouac on the Araboe River which empties in the N.E. angle of Paniai Lake, at an altitude of 1750 m. Because most of the material was brought in by natives, the biotopes as a rule are not known (cf. Boschma, 1943).\nThe genus Pseudocheirus is represented in this material by two species, viz.\nP. corinnae Thomas and P. mayeri Rothschild & Dollman. A very fine series of 105 specimens of the latter species was obtained, which proves that it must be very abundant in the Wissel Lakes region.\nAlso the material of P. mayeri collected by the 1938-1939 Archbold Expedition to the central part of West New Guinea could be studied. This material consists of 41 skins with skulls obtained in the central mountain range between Mt. Wilhelmina and the Idenburg River (see Archbold, Rand & Brass, 1942, map 1). Through the kindness of the late Dr. G. H. H. Tate
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  • 58
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    A new species of the Octocorallian genus Paragorgia trawled in Florida waters by R.V. "Gerda" (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 50, pp. 526-532
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The genus Paragorgia was established by Milne Edwards & Haime in 1857 to receive the large, boreal scleraxonian octocoral from the "Norwegian Ocean", called Alcyonium arboreum by Linnaeus (1758). In subsequent years, that species was reported also from localities in the northern Pacific Ocean (Kinoshita, 1913; Hickson, 1915) and from high southern latitudes off the Falkland Islands (Broch, 1957). In 1883, Koren & Danielssen described two new species from Batalden, Norway, Paragorgia nodosa and Briareum frielei, which generally have been treated as synonyms of P. arborea. Nutting (1908, 1912), however, reported P. nodosa from deep waters off Hawaii and Japan and, furthermore, established a new Japanese species, Paragorgia regalis. Kinoshita (1913) also reported P. nodosa from Japan and proposed two more new species from that area, P. granulosa and P. tenuis.\nThe first record of the genus Paragorgia from tropical waters was established by Thomson & Henderson (1906) for specimens which they called Paragorgia splendens, collected in the Indian Ocean by the "Investigator".\nNutting (1911) and Stiasny (1937) reported the same species, probably in error, from deep water off the Sulu Islands.\nIn 1956, I suggested that Nutting\'s (1908) record of P. nodosa from Hawaii was incorrect and established his material as a new species, P. dendroides. Although it is definitely not the same as P. nodosa from Norwegian waters, I now am inclined to believe that P. dendroides belongs to the species that Nutting called P. regalis from Japan.\nSince Paragorgia arborea and related forms have been collected repeatedly in cold, northern waters, but only a few records of the genus are known
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  • 59
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    On two species of Centropus from the Kangean islands (Aves, Cuculidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 14, pp. 119-123
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: When collecting on the Kangean Islands in 1954 I obtained representatives of two species of Centropus: C. sinensis, and C. bengalensis. The first of these species was known to occur on the islands, but the second had not previously been recorded from the Kangean Archipelago, and is an interesting addition to its avifauna.\nThe subspecific identity of these birds seemed worth investigating, as the Kangean Islands occupy an interesting position between Celebes and Java, and are known to have a certain degree of endemism. A discussion of both species will here be given.\nCentropus sinensis (Stephens) Of the six specimens obtained on the three islands Kangean, Saebus and Paliath, four are in the normal plumage, while two are in the plumage of birds described by Vorderman (1893) as C. kangeangensis.\nUntil recently C. kangeangensis Vorderman has been regarded as a race of C. celebensis Quoy & Gaimard. Hartert (1902) even called it "the most interesting species of the birds inhabiting the Kangean Islands" and it was only Stresemann (1939) who discovered its true affinities.\nThe kangeangensis-plumage has been well described by Vorderman (1893) and Hartert (1902). Only the wings have the normal reddish brown colour of Centropus sinensis; all parts which are normally black, are greyish, beige, or creamy buff, varying much in tinge, especially on the under parts (pl. 1).\nFrom collected material it seems that birds in normal plumage are slightly more common than birds in kangeangensis-plumage. Out of five skins in the collections of the Buitenzorg Museum and the Leiden Museum, three are normal; Hartert (1902) had five specimens in normal plumage and four
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  • 60
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    The morphology of the palp in two families of ticks (Acarida: Ixodina). A contribution to the study of the Anactinotrichida 1) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 16, pp. 147-152
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The mite order Anactinotrichida consists of three distinctly related suborders, viz., Holothyrina, Ixodina, and Gamasina2). Recently, in a morphological study of a species of Holothyrus (Van der Hammen, 1961), I published a short list of ordinal characters, in which I mentioned that the tarsus of the palp is relatively small.\nAt first sight this character does not hold good for the tick family Argasidae, where the terminal palpal segment is of normal length. It must be noted, however, that the palp of the ticks consists of four segments only (one of these being apparently a fusion of two), so that they are generally referred to by the numbers 1 to 4.\nIn the course of a morphological investigation of the Ixodina according to the method used for my Holothyrus paper, I studied the palp of two species of ticks, viz., Ornithodoros (Ornithodoros) savignyi (Audouin) and Hyalomma dromedarii C. L. Koch, respectively belonging to the Argasidae and to the Ixodidae (the two main tick families) 3).\nThe present paper contains the result of this comparative study; the two palps are described and figured, and an attempt is made to draw preliminary conclusions on the homology of the segments. Complete data on the material are given with each species.\nDESCRIPTION OF THE PALP OF A SPECIES OF THE FAMILY ARGASIDAE (fig. 1) Ornithodoros (Ornithodoros) savignyi is dealt with here as an example of the Argasidae. The material investigated for this study consists of numerous specimens from a sheep resting place, Mansuriya, Imbaba, Giza Fig. 1. Ornithodoros (Ornithodoros) savignyi (Audouin), right palp of the female. A,
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  • 61
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    The nasal mites of the Domestic Goose and the Eider (Acarina, Rhinonyssidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 31, pp. 297-307
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In the year 1895 Trouessart described a new species: Sternostomum rhinolethrum 1) (at present known as Rhinonyssus rhinolethrum (Trouessart, 1895)) from the nasal cavities of the Domestic Goose, Anser anser (L.).\nTrouessart\'s description was preliminary, but the promised complete description with figures in the Bulletin de la Soci\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 Zoologique de France was never published.\nStrandtmann (1956, pp. 137-140) and Fain (1957, pp. 42-44) have sufficiently explained that the species R. rhinolethrum is not the type species of Sternostomum Trouessart, 1895, an invalid emendation of the generic name Sternostoma Berlese & Trouessart, 1889, and that it does not even belong to the genus Sternostoma. It should be placed in the genus Rhinonyssus.\nIn 1904 (pp. 28-30, figs. 42-47, Pl. 1 figs. 1, 3, 8) Tr\xc3\xa4g\xc3\xa5rdh described under the name Sommatericola levinseni nov. gen. nov. spec. 2) a similar species, found by Prof. Levinsen in the nose of the Eider, Somateria mollissima (L.), on Greenland. It seems that Tr\xc3\xa4g\xc3\xa5rdh was not aware of Trouessart\'s paper, as he does not refer to it at all.\nYet Tr\xc3\xa4g\xc3\xa5rdh must have seen some of Trouessart\'s papers, as on p. 29 he makes a comparison with the genus Ptilonyssus.\nIn his description of Sommatericola levinseni Tr\xc3\xa4g\xc3\xa5rdh made various mistakes, the most confusing being that his "male" was in reality a deutonymph (no dorsal shield), so that he did not observe a real male at all.\nHis fig. 44 shows typically the claws of a nymph. The tarsal setae are incorrectly represented, as in reality the sensorial area of tarsus I shows hairs of a different shape and arrangement. Therefore all Tr\xc3\xa4g\xc3\xa5rdh\'s con-
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  • 62
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    Sesarma (Sesarma) cerberus, a new cavernicolous crab from Amboina (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 9, pp. 65-72
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Though the number of species of macrurous Decapoda known from subterranean waters is rather extensive, there are surprisingly few species of crabs that have been found in that habitat. Wolf (1934: 105, 106) listed only four species of Brachyura, three of which are epigeal forms, which had only accidentally entered subterranean waters.\nHartnoll (1964: 79; in press) made it clear that at that time only three species of crabs could be considered to be truly troglobic: Sesarma jacobsoni Ihle, 1912, which so far is only known from caves in Central Java, Sesarma verleyi Rathbun, 1914, from caves in Jamaica, and Typhlopseudothelphusa mocinoi Rioja, 1953, from a cave in Chiapas, S.E. Mexico. The last mentioned species, which belongs to the family Pseudothelphusidae, is a typical troglobiont, being blind, unpigmented and with very long and slender legs. The two Sesarma species (family Grapsidae) also are adapted to cave life, but to a lesser degree: the eyes are present, though small, with the cornea reduced but still pigmented, and the legs are conspicuously lengthened; the colour in life of S. verleyi, according to Hartnoll (1964; in press), is pale bluish white. The colour of living specimens of S. jacobsoni is unknown, but preserved material is quite pale. S. jacobsoni and S. verleyi, though originating from widely distant localities resemble each other very conspicuously.\nIn the present paper a third cavernicolous species of Sesarma is described.\nIt shows a close resemblance to both S. verleyi and S. jacobsoni, but is still less typically adapted to subterranean life.\nSesarma (Sesarma) cerberus new species (fig. 1, 2, 3a, b) Material examined. \xe2\x80\x94 Cave on the island Nusa Lain, just west of Amboina,
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  • 63
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    New records of mammals from the middle pleistocene of Sangiran, central Java (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 10, pp. 73-88
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Collections of fossil vertebrate remains from the Sangiran area in Java have recently been presented to the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie by Mr. H. R. van Heekeren and by Mr. J. H. Houbolt. They form a most welcome addition to the Museum collection of fossil vertebrates made by Eugene Dubois in Java in the 189o\'s; Sangiran is a site known to but not collected at by Dubois. We are grateful to Messrs. Van Heekeren and Houbolt for their generous gift to the Museum; the more important specimens in the Sangiran collection will be the subject of the present note.\nThe Sangiran dome (for the geology of the area see Van Es, 1931: 55-68, and Von Koenigswald, 1940: 26-39), situated approximately 12 km north of Solo (Soerakarta) between the Kali Brangkal and the Kali Tjemoro in Central Java, has been extensively collected at by Dr. G. H. R. von Koenigswald during the 1930\'s. The cranial and mandibular remains of hominids retrieved from this site between 1936 and 1941 by that indefatigable collector rank among the most important fossil hominid specimensever found in Asia. In the course of his investigations in Java Von Koenigswald established a succession of faunas two of which, the Djetis and the Trinil fauna, are of special interest here as both do occur at Sangiran. The former has been assigned a Lower Pleistocene age, the latter a Middle Pleistocene age by Von Koenigswald; it is even possible that the Sangiran succession extends downward to include an earlier fauna, the Kali Glagah (originally placed in the Upper Pliocene by Von Koenigswald), as a molar fragment of the mastodont described by Van der Maarel (1932) as Tetralophodon bumiajuensis has been recovered, too (Von Koenigswald, 1940: 30). This mastodont, considered characteristic of the
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  • 64
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    Hilbrand Boschma (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39, pp. IX-XLIX
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: For anyone who, now or in the future, in the far future, will have to do something with Rhizocephala, their systematics, microscopic anatomy, host specialization etc., it will be impossible to avoid the name and the work of Boschma. It rather seems that he can almost confine himself to this author.\nAnyone who, now or in the future and in some respects a very far future, will have to do something with corals, Anthozoa as well as "Hydrocorallia", their systematics, ontogeny, normal and abnormal bud formation, their variability, their form in relation to the environment, their symbioses, their geography etc., will do injustice to himself and to science by not including Boschma\'s work in his studies.\nFor such colleagues this sketch of Boschma\'s life has been written, so that they may understand why and how Boschma\'s studies on these groups fit in his wider interest and skill in microscopic anatomy, in ontogeny, in certain aspects of physiology, in ecology and in zoogeography.\nThis sketch has also been written for many other biologists, who are interested in the scientific work and the social functions of an investigator known to them. They may learn from it how, from a comparative anatomist, working microscopically as well as macroscopically, from an ontogenist and from a naturalist, has grown a systematist who used his former interests as expedients. This sketch may also give an answer to the question as to what goes on in a museum of natural history, for it describes the character of such a museum, while at the same time it pictures the history of the Leiden museum in an important period. In a way it also contributes to establishing the fate of "natural history" within the limits of biology. On the one hand natural history intensifies its problems to those of systematics,
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  • 65
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    The amphipod genus Acidostoma (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 7, pp. 48-58
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The genus Acidostoma was established by Lilljeborg (1865, p. 24) to receive Anonyx obesus Sp. Bate (1862, p. 74). Afterwards two further species have been added, viz. A. laticorne G. O. Sars (1879, p. 440) and A. nodiferum Stephensen (1923, p. 40). In the present paper it will be shown that A. laticorne as generally understood comprises two superficially similar but clearly distinct species with a widely different geographical range.\nOn the whole the species of Acidostoma appear to be nowhere numerous and practically nothing is known about their ecology. The present writer has had access to a comparatively large number of specimens collected by the Danish Fisheries Research vessels in the North Sea. From these it was possible to draw some further information both on taxonomy and ecology.\n\nDEFINITION OF THE GENUS\nIn most respects the Acidostoma species are typical representatives of the family Lysianassidae, but the mouth-parts are peculiar and show a series of interesting adaptations. The generic name was chosen by Lilljeborg in order to call attention to the fact that they form a long and protruding cone.\nThe generic definition given by Lilljeborg (1865) runs as follows: "Forma corporis et antennarum cum genere Anonycis congruit, oris partes appendiculares tamen plane diversae. Labii rami laterales angusti. Mandibulae processu accessorio, maxillae 1: mi paris palpo, et palpus maxillipedum ungue carentes, et hae partes oris conjunctim acumen productum praebent. Pedes trunci 1: mi paris robusti, manu prehensili. Pedes 2: di paris graciles, ungue carentes." This definition was amplified by Della Valle (1893, p. 782), G. O. Sars (1895, pp. 37-38), and Stebbing (1906, p. 14). It was demonstrated that
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  • 66
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    A new Phyllophora (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phyllophorinae) from New Guinea (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 27, pp. 249-256
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Only part of the very extensive entomological collections made in New Guinea during various expeditions by Dutch scientists has so far been studied, but this already yielded many new species.\nA first superficial survey of the Orthoptera in these collections provided a number of specimens of a species of Phyllophora, which proved distinct from any of the forms described before. As I believe the species to be new to science, it is described here as Phyllophora boschmai nov. spec., and named in honour of Professor Dr. H. Boschma, who for many years was my teacher and director at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, and to whom I owe many thanks for his practical advices during my studies.\nThe greater part of the specimens mentioned here have been collected by Professor Boschma himself in his function of zoologist of the 1939-1940 expedition of the Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap (Royal Netherlands Geographic Society) to Central New Guinea.\nAll the material dealt with was obtained in the Wissel Lakes area in the Central Mountains range of New Guinea (roughly at 136\xc2\xba 20\' E 3\xc2\xba 55\' S); the localities are indicated on the map in Dr. Boschma\'s (1943, p. 506) general account of his activities as a zoologist of the just mentioned expedition.\nPhyllophora boschmai nov. spec.\nMaterial. \xe2\x80\x94 10 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 and 13 \xe2\x99\x82 \xe2\x99\x82, Paniai Lake, 22 August-15 November 1939, H. Boschma; 1 \xe2\x99\x80 and 1 \xe2\x99\x82, Bivak Araboe, 1-5 October 1939, H.\nBoschma; 3 \xe2\x99\x80\xe2\x99\x80 and 1 \xe2\x99\x82, Enarotali, Paniai Lake, 13 July 1952, W. J.\nRoosdorp; 1 \xe2\x99\x80, Enarotali, Paniai Lake, 5 January 1955, L. D. Brongersma c.s. (all syntypes).
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  • 67
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    Surinam Dragon Flies of the Genus Aphylla with a description of a new species (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 22-35
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    Beschreibung: The genus Aphylla was proposed by DE SELYS in 1854, when he divided the Gomphoides Complex into the three genera Gomphoides, Aphylla and Cyclophylla (= Phyllocycla; Zoologica 33, Part 2, p. 62, 1948, Cyclophylla preoccupied). However, the differentiating venational characters drawn up by DE SELYS (1854), by DE SELYSHAGEN (1858), and by NEEDHAM (1940) for the genera Aphylla and Phyllocycla are not sharp, as was discussed by CALVERT in his description of Aphylla alia from Kartabo (Zoologica 33, part 2, p. 66-67, 1948). The males of the Surinam dragon flies which have been referred to the genus Aphylla differ from Phyllocycla in that the postero-lateral angles of the tenth abdominal segment are prolonged in a sharp point; the lateral margins of the eighth and ninth abdominal segments are not leaf-like but extremely reduced, to narrow strips; and the distal portion of vein A2 is not strongly convergent with vein A3 but diverges somewhat from it and from vein A1. I believe that these characters place beyond doubt the generic status of the Surinam material in question, which is represented in my collection by adults of three species. Of these species, one is Aphylla producta Selys 1854, already recorded as occurring in Surinam and one is the little known species Aphylla dentata Selys 1859, which has not previously been recorded from this country. The third species is closely allied to the latter and is apparently new; in the present paper it is described under the specific name simulata.
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  • 68
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    P\xc3\xa9nicillates du Surinam et du Guatemala (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 1-21
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    Beschreibung: Les P\xc3\xa9nicillates de la famille des Lophoproctid\xc3\xa9s ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 signal\xc3\xa9s de plusieurs Antilles, de Trinidad et de la c\xc3\xb4te v\xc3\xa9n\xc3\xa9zu\xc3\xa9lienne. Abondants \xc3\xa0 la Jama\xc3\xafque (mat\xc3\xa9riaux in\xc3\xa9dits de P. F. BELLINGER, ils sont seuls repr\xc3\xa9sent\xc3\xa9s dans les r\xc3\xa9coltes faites au Surinam par le Dr. J. VAN DER DRIFT et nous en poss\xc3\xa9dons aussi un exemplaire du Guatemala. La premi\xc3\xa8re mention est d\xc3\xbbe \xc3\xa0 POCOCK (1894) qui d\xc3\xa9crit son Polyxenus longisetis de Moustique et St.-Vincent (petites Antilles du Vent). La diagnose est tr\xc3\xa8s sommaire et LOOMIS (1934 b), se fondant sur la grande longueur des antennes, sugg\xc3\xa8re que l\xe2\x80\x99esp\xc3\xa8ce aurait d\xc3\xbb \xc3\xaatre plac\xc3\xa9e dans le genre Lophoproctus; auparavant (1934 a), LOOMIS avait rapport\xc3\xa9 \xc3\xa0 longisetis des sp\xc3\xa9cimens de Cuba (Jatibonico) et de St.-Kitts (= St.-Christophe, petite Antille du Vent situ\xc3\xa9e au Nord du groupe), aveugles et pourvus d\xe2\x80\x99antennes lophoproctidiennes.\nSILVESTRI (1903) d\xc3\xa9crit sommairement son Lophoproctus obscuriseta du Venezuela (Caracas).
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  • 69
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    The female sex of Cacus mungo, Gomphoides undulatus, Planiplax phoenicura, Planiplax arachne and Dythemis williamsoni (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 36-47
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Single female specimens of dragon flies are often difficult to identify owing to the fact that, when they are known at all, the descriptions are incomplete and mostly lack the essential figure of the genitalia. The following are descriptions of the unknown females of five species, the males of which have been known for the last eighteen to fifty years. They are all complete with figures of the genitalia.\nThe material from which the descriptions have been made has been accumulated during many years of collecting. I am indebted to Mr. J. BELLE, Paramaribo, who was kind enough to place at my disposal, for description, some of the unknown females collected by himself.
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  • 70
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    The geology of the area between Corme and Bu\xc3\xb1o (Galicia) (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 131-139
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    Beschreibung: The area to be discussed is bounded N and W by the Atlantic Ocean; in the S it reaches as far as the Rio Allones; its eastern boundary is formed by the Malpica-Bu\xc3\xb1o and Bu\xc3\xb1o-Agualada roads. For mapping sheets 43 and 44, Lage and Carballo respectively, of the Spanish 1 : 50.000 topographic maps were used.
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  • 71
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    The geology of the coastal section from Cabo de San Adrian to Playa de Baldayo (Galicia) (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 121-130
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    Beschreibung: During the field season of 1956 and 1957, an area in the NW part of the province la La Coru\xc3\xb1a was investigated. On the north the area is bounded by the Atlantic ocean, its southern boundary is formed by the roads: Beo-Malpica and Malpica-Bu\xc3\xb1o. The Monte Neme forms the eastern limit of the mapped area. Formerly this area has been studied by Professor I. Parga-Pondal and L.T. Schoon. The results of these investigations served as a basis for this study.\nAlong the coast a well exposed complete cross section through the Central complex can be studied. A part of the Lage formation is exposed at the ends of the cross section, viz. the augengneisses of the Cabo de San Adrian in the west and the migmatites of the Monte Neme in the east. Special attention has been paid to the basic intercalations, which frequently occur in the rocks of the Central complex. The characteristics of these intercalations served to elucidate the metamorphic history of the region. Their sensitivity to changes in temperature and pressure make them a much better metamorphic indicator, especially in microscopic study, than the acid rocks. The mineralogical composition of the latter is hardly affected by metamorphism; its main influence being apparent in structural changes of these rocks.
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  • 72
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    A palynological study on the Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous of British Guiana (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 183-241
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The pollen content of bore-hole samples and mine sections from the coast and from the bauxite belt of British Guiana has been studied. The pollen zonation is shown in fig. 6 and diagram IV. The description of the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary pollen species is partly given in this article and partly in Van der Hammen, 1963; the Paleocene and Eocene species will be described in Leidelmeyer, 1965.\nThe general picture obtained for the Guiana Basin, is summarized in three sections, one along the coast (fig. 18), one parallel to the Demerara River (fig. 24) and one parallel to the Berbice (fig. 25).\nThe more detailed interpretation and correlation of the two deep coastal wells of Rose Hall and Shelter Belt is given in fig. 5. The situation in the bauxite areas is shown in fig. 17 and 20. The age of the bauxite (in the interval Lower Eocene to Lower Oligocene) corresponds to a hiatus in the coastal wells.\nSurprising is the thick Upper Cretaceous (Maestrichtian) basal infill of the basin. The dating and correlation of the Cretaceous and Tertiary formations of British Guiana is summarized in a stratigraphical table (fig. 26).
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  • 73
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    Sedimentological aspects of four Lower-Paleozoic formations in the northern part of the province of Le\xc3\xb3n (Spain) (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 1-99
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: This paper deals with the sedimentary structures and sedimentary petrography of the four lowermost formations of the Paleozoic as developed in the Northern part of the Province of Le\xc3\xb3n (Cantabrian Mountains, Spain). Three of the four formations have a detrital character, and one consists of dolomites and limestones. Mineralogically, the detrital formations are mature. Consequently the differences are small, but diagnostic. The source rocks will have been non-sedimentary.\nThe Herreria Sandstone Formation is the oldest formation. Only its upper 200 metres are described here. This part consists of medium-grained quartzites with intercalations of shales, coarse quartzites, and conglomeratic beds. The detrital quartzes contain various kinds of inclusions and are often composite. Microcline, the common feldspar, is often kaolinized. Both minerals are secondarily enlarged. The source of the secondary quartz is duscussed; this quartz is held to have been supplied partially, and precipitated, form formational waters. The latter have the tendency to increase salinity, which lowers the silica solubility.\nThe layers show predominantly a parallel lamination, but cross-lamination occurs as well. In two parts of the sequence the layers are wedge-shaped.\nThe depositional environment is assumed to have been shallow, near the shore, with fluviatile influences.\nThe Laucara Dolomite Formation can be subdivided into Dolomite s.l. and Griotte. The Lancara Dolomite s.l. contains dolomites, limestones, oolitic limestones, and breccias. The diagenetic process of grain growth transformed the original detrital texture of the limestones and dolomites. Dolomitization is assumed to have been postdepositional. Recrystallization due to mechanical stresses occurs as well.\nThe oolitic limestones too are built up of various types of calcite in a textural sense. The time-relations between these types is discussed. These limestones contain authigenic quartzes, indicating high salinity of the environment.\nThe Lancara Griotte consists of nodular limestones and shale layers with limestone nodules. The limestones are detrital in origin. The origin of the griotte is discussed: it is attributed to solutional processes.\nThe depositional environment of the Lancara Dolomites s.l. is thought to be comparable to the recent Bahama Bank deposits. That of the Griotte is less distinct, but must have been shallow neritic. The red colour of the griotte may point to a warm, humid climate.\nThe Oville Sandstone Formation is characterized by its clayey nature, high lime content, and the authigenic mineral glauconite. The micas show replacement by carbonates, a relatively unknown process. The origin and source of the glauconite is dealt with: cryptocrystalline aggregates are thought to have initially been clay, while the crystalline glauconites are altered micas.\nOf special interest are the slump structures. Since they are the result of a thixotropic behaviour of the sediments some rheological principles are briefly reviewed. It is also stated that internal slumping and convolute laminations are related in the sense that both are expressions of a false-body thixotropic state of the sediment. Such a state is to be expected within a certain range of moisture content: internal slumping occurs at the lowest values, convolute lamination at the highest values of the range. However, convolute lamination is observed more commonly in turbidity deposits because such deposits settle at higher rates than other sediments, consequently their moisture contents must have been higher.\nIn this thin-bedded complex, parallel lamination dominates but small-scale cross-lamination is also present. Other sedimentary structures observed are load casts, pseudo-nodules and \xe2\x80\x9cLinsen\xe2\x80\x9d structures.\nThe depositional environment is held to have been deltaic i.e. the formation represents a chain of deltas.\nThe Barrios Quartzite Formation consists of quartzites with few shale beds and locally a conglomerate. The quartzes are limpid and do not contain inclusions. Composite grains are scarce. Feldspars are not kaolinized, only sericitized. The occurrence of the mica phengite is diagnostic.\nMost of the beds are wedge-shaped, which gives the formation a special appearance. Most beds have an slightly inclined lamination.\nLike the Oville deposits the Barrios sands are held to be deposits of a deltaic environment.
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  • 74
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    On Scambicornus Heegard, 1944, a senior synonym of Preherrmannella Seymour Sewell, 1949 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 123, pp. 183-192
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    Beschreibung: During the preparation of a report dealing with poecilostomes associated with holothurians, it was found desirable to obtain more information concerning a number of genera formerly described. Through the courtesy of Dr. T.Wolff of the Zoologisk Museum of Copenhagen, I was able to reexamine the type-specimens of Scambicornus hamatus, described by HEEGAARD, 1944, from a Japanese holothurian.
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  • 75
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    Otoliths of the wolf-fishes (genus Anarrhichas Linnaeus, 1758) from the Northern Atlantic (Pisces, Perciformes) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 146, pp. 179-183
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: While working at the Rijksinstituut voor Visserijonderzoek (R.V.I.O.) at IJmuiden, I received through the courtesy of Mr. C. van Delft some specimens of the three northern Atlantic species of wolf-fishes. At IJmuiden they are brought in by commercial trawlers. The only data in the literature known to me concerning the otoliths of Anarrhichas are those furnished by FROST, 1929. This author published only very sketchy illustrations of two of the northern Atlantic species. I thought it useful, therefore, to describe, illustrate and compare in this paper the otoliths of all three Anarrhichas species.\nThe three species of wolf-fishes in the northern Atlantic are: Anarrhichas lupus, A. minor and A. latifrons. The otoliths (sagittae) in this genus are of very small size in relation to the dimensions of the fishes. They could be located only by means of a x-ray photograph, taken with the kind assistence of Mr. W. Heermans.
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  • 76
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    Periphery and archaic forms (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 138, pp. 75-83
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In many groups the more primitive, more ancestor-like species are living in the periphery of the range of the group. Many authors have regarded this phenomenon as a rule, e.g. MATTHEW, 1915: \xe2\x80\x9dWhatever agencies may be assigned as the cause of evolution of a race, it should be at first most progressive at its point of original dispersal, and it will continue this progress at that point in response to whatever stimulus originally caused it and spread out in successive waves of migration, each wave a stage higher than the previous one. At any one time, therefore, the most advanced stages should be nearest the center of dispersal, the most conservative stages farthest from it.\xe2\x80\x9d However, in his recent \xe2\x80\x9dAnimal Species and Evolution\xe2\x80\x9d, MAYR, 1963, replies to this: \xe2\x80\x9dthe zoogeographic phenomenon of the survival of primitive types has nothing to do with infraspecific geographic variation. Indeed, the generalization one can make concerning infraspecific variation is precisely the opposite of that of Matthew: the \xe2\x80\x9doriginal\xe2\x80\x9d phenotype of a species is usually found in the main body or central part of a species range, while the peripheral populations, particularly the peripherally isolated populations, may deviate secondarily in various ways.\xe2\x80\x9d
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  • 77
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    On Winkleria maastrichtensis nov. gen. et nov. spec. (Echinoidea, Regularia, Stirodonta, Phymosomina, ? Phymosomatidae) from the Upper-Cretaceous (Md) of Maastricht (Limburg, Netherlands) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 126, pp. 207-211
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Characterized by a small hemispherical test. Ambulacra with simple primaries; pores in a regular, simple series; nearly every ambulacral primary plate with a tubercle.\nAmbulacra hourglass-shaped, as they are narrower at the ambitus, while the interambulacrals are extraordinarily widened there, extra IA plates wedging in from the borders. IA plates low, each with a horizontal series of tubercles. No clear distinction between primary and secondary tubercles, no distinct vertical series of tubercles. Apical system unknown. Peristome rather large. Spines unknown.
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  • 78
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    Scale insects from the Netherlands Antilles (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 140, pp. 95-130
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The following species have been reported from the Netherlands\xe2\x80\x99 Antilles: Margarodes formicarum Guilding, collected in 1884 or 1885 by Prof. W. F. R.\nSuringar in Cura\xc3\xa7ao; specimens in the State Museum of Natural History at Leiden. Protortonia cacti (Linn.), collected in 1756 by Daniel Rolander in St. Eustatius, and described by Linnaeus (1758) and de Geer (1776). Protortonia crotonis n. sp. from Bonaire. Icerya purchasi Maskell from Cura\xc3\xa7ao.\nOrthezia praelonga Douglas, common in Cura\xc3\xa7ao and Aruba. O. insignis Browne is in our collection only represented from St. Eustatius.\nCoccus sp. (not C. agavis Towns. & Ckll.) from Agave in Cura\xc3\xa7ao and St. Martin. Suissetia oleae (Bern.) from Cura\xc3\xa7ao and St. Eustatius. Saissetia coffeae (Walker), syn. S. hemisphaerica (Targ. Tozz.) from Cura\xc3\xa7ao and Aruba. Ceroplastes caesalpiniae n. sp. from dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria) in Cura\xc3\xa7ao. This Ceroplastes is already mentioned by VERSLUYS (1907) as a pest of dividivi, but it seems that the species has not yet been described. Ceroplastes magnicauda n. sp. from Cura\xc3\xa7ao; not identifiable from available literature. Pulvinaria urbicola Ckll. from Cura\xc3\xa7ao and St. Martin. Pulvinaria sp. from Aruba; resembles P. mammeae Maskell, but different. Coccus sp. from Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae) in Aruba; material too scanty for identification or description.\nDysmicoccus brevipes (Ckll.) from Bonaire. Ferrisiana virgata (Ckll.) and Phenacoccus solani Ferris from Cura\xc3\xa7ao. Antonina graminis Maskell on the rootcollar of Fimbristylus spathacea (Cyperaceae) in Cura\xc3\xa7ao. Eriococcus curassavicus n. sp. is probably identical with or closely allied to E. tucurincae Laing from Colombia; all female and male stages of the Cura\xc3\xa7ao-species are described. Asterolecanium pustulans Ckll. from Cura\xc3\xa7ao. Conchaspis angraeci Ckll. has been collected in Cura\xc3\xa7ao by G. E. Bodkin.\nAspidiotus destructor Sign, from Bonaire. Acutaspis scutiformis (Ckll.), Aonidiella orientalis (Newst.), and Lepidosaphes alba Ckll. frcm Aruba. Unaspis citri (Comstock), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), and L. gloverii (Packard) are common on Citrus in Cura\xc3\xa7ao. Diaspis echinocacti (Bouch\xc3\xa9) from Opuntia in Cura\xc3\xa7ao. Pseudaulacaspis peutagona (Targ. Tozz.) from Aruba and St. Eustatius. Hemiberlesia diffinis Newst. was found on dividi in Cura\xc3\xa7ao, Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley); label not legible, but certainly from the Dutch Antilles; this species is already reported by VAN HALL (1905) from Cura\xc3\xa7ao.\nThe 4 new species, Eriococcus curassavicus, Protortonia crotonis, Ceroplastes caesalpiniae, and C. magnicauda are described above.\nAn aphid from Bonaire was identified by Mr. D. Hille Ris Lambers as Aphis nerii Fonsc., and an aleyrodid from Cura\xc3\xa7ao by Miss Louise M. Russell as Aleurotrachelus trachoides (Back).
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  • 79
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    Sur la pr\xc3\xa9sence de Pseudomyicola spinosus (Raff. & Mont.) (Crustacea, Copepoda) dans l\xe2\x80\x99Atlantique, avec une note sur la synonymie de P. spinosus et P. glaber Pearse (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 145, pp. 171-177
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The parasitic copepod Pseudomyicola spinosus (Raff. & Mont.) has been found recently at Arcachon on the atlantic coast of France in the mussel, Mylilus edulis.\nComparison of material from Split (Jugoslavia), found in littoral Mytilus galloprovincialis, and belonging to Pseudomyicola spinosus spinosus, with figures by LAUBIER & REYSS (1964) of certain subspecies found in Pleria hirundo and Pinna pectinata, living in greater depths at Banyuls, on the French Mediterranean coast and named P. spinosus stocki and P. spinosus petiti respectively, shows that the material from Arcachon belongs to the same subspecies as that from Split, thus to P. spinosus spinosus.\nThe typical form of P. spinosus has a wide distribution: the littoral of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coast of Europe.\nComparison with material from Beaufort (N.C.), U.S.A., confirms the suggestion made by STOCK (1959) that P. glaber Pearse is a synonym of P. spinosus (Raff. & Mont.). This being so, the area of P. spinosus is even more extended, viz. both coasts of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
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  • 80
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    Sense organs in Spongiobranchaea australis d\xe2\x80\x99Orbigny, 1835 (Gastropoda, Pteropoda) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 143, pp. 149-159
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The sense organs: the labial tentacles, eyes, rhinophores, osphradium and statocysts of Spongiobranchaea australis d\xe2\x80\x99Orbigny, 1835 are described together with their innervation. The descriptions are based on serial sections of three animals.
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  • 81
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    On two new species of Holectypus Desor from the Senonian of South-Limburg near Maastricht, Netherlands (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 25, pp. 235-239
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Up to now the genus Holectypus Desor (1842, p. 52) 1847, (cf. Mortensen, 1948, Monogr. IV 1, p. 26) in its restricted sense (with 4 genital pores) has not been recorded from the Senonian. So the two specimens described below as H. boschmai nov. spec. may have been remaniated and finally deposited in the Senonian of South-Limburg. They then may belong to the Jurassic species H. corallinus d\'Orbigny, 1850.\nThough the preservation of two other specimens of Holectypus from the Limburg Senonian does not permit to decide whether a fifth genital pore is present, it is presumed there was. These two specimens are described as H. macrostomus nov. spec. As said, up to now no Senonian Holectypus is known with 4 genital pores.\nHolectypus boschmai nov. spec. (pl. XIV) Cf. Holectypus corallinus d\'Orbigny, 1850 (see Cotteau, 1873, p. 430, pl. 110, 111). 2 specimens, "Upper Cretaceous, Limburg" (Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam).\nThough in their outer form our specimens can be compared with Caenholectypus turonensis (Desor, 1847) and in the form of the periproct with C. macropygus (Agassiz, 1836), (for both see Cotteau, 1861, p. 56, resp. p. 44), they differ in having only 4 genital pores.\nThe better preserved one may be designated as the type specimen. It is 20.5 mm long, 21.0 mm wide, and 11.0 mm high, the paratype is 20.6 mm long, 20.7 mm wide, and 10.6 mm high.\nThe paratype is less well preserved, but the absence of parts of the test here permits to see that there are no such radiating partition walls as in
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  • 82
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    Parnassiana nova : XXXVII. Nachtr\xc3\xa4gliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 10) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 40 no. 17, pp. 137-138
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Parnassius mnemosyne timanicus subspec. nov.\nIn Nordrussland, \xc3\xb6stlich von Leningrad wurde das Vorkommen von P. mnemosyne L. bisher nicht gemeldet. Sedych erbeutete in den letzten Jahren diese Art wiederholt in der Timan-Gebirgskette. Entgegen jeder Erwartung ist der Karakter der diese bev\xc3\xb6lkernden P. mnemosyne grundlegend verschieden von den subspecies aus Schweden, Norwegen, Estland und ach von subsp. uralka Bryk (Topotypus Uralka, Gouv. Orenburg).\nSubspecies timanicus nov. ist eine stark gynaekotrope Unterart von mittlerer Gr\xc3\xb6sse; \xe2\x99\x82 25-30 mm, \xe2\x99\x80 27-30 mm. Ihr habitus erinnert an stark gezeichnete Vertreter von subsp. mesoleucus Fruhstorfer. \xe2\x99\x82 im Vorderfl\xc3\xbcgel mit breitem, dunklem Glasband, das sich verj\xc3\xbcngend den Hinterrand erreicht. Costalflecke sehr kr\xc3\xa4ftig, h\xc3\xa4ufig als Band bis M1 ausgebildet. Zellflecke stark, rundlich, der mittlere erreicht nicht die untere Discoidale. Im Hinterfl\xc3\xbcgel Marginale gut ausgepr\xc3\xa4gt, Costalaugenfleck bescheiden, Mittelaugenfleck pastos, Hinterrandsschw\xc3\xa4rze tief bis zum Hinterrand, die Zelle halb umgreifend und vorn in diese eindringend. Das zweizellige Analband stark ausgebildet. \xe2\x99\x80 mit mehr oder weniger schwarz \xc3\xbcberst\xc3\xa4ubtem Vorderfl\xc3\xbcgel, breiterem Glasband und kr\xc3\xa4ftigerem Costalband als bei den \xe2\x99\x82, deutlichem Hinterrandsfleck. Hinterfl\xc3\xbcgel mit breiter Marginale, sehr kr\xc3\xa4ftigen Augenflecken. Analis- und ocelloconjuncta-Zustand vorherrschend. Ein \xe2\x99\x80 fast v\xc3\xb6llig melahyalin.\nHabitat: Wiesen in Tannenw\xc3\xa4ldern und an Flussl\xc3\xa4ufen in der S\xc3\xbcd-Timangebirgskette, Uchtinische und Troizko-Petschorische Bezirke, Komi A.S.S.R.\nFundpl\xc3\xa4tze: Sakscha, Krutaja, Latsch, Umgebung Uchta. 1 \xe2\x99\x82 Holotype, 1 \xe2\x99\x80 Allotype, 8 \xe2\x99\x82 3 \xe2\x99\x80 Paratypen in coll. Eisner in Samm-
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  • 83
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    On the conchological work of F.M. Regenfuss (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 18, pp. 168-179
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Franz Michael Regenfuss was born in Nuremberg, Germany, and baptized 28th February 1713. His father, Erhard Regenfuss, was a wig-maker. The son married Margaretha Helena Ludwig (born circa 1707) in Feucht on 3rd March 1755.\nFranz Michael did not succeed to his father\'s business, but became a painter and engraver. From his youth he was fascinated by the manyfold natural history objects, especially of foreign countries, and already by 1745 he was thinking of publishing a book with numerous illustrations in lineengraving and a scientific text on shells and crustaceans. For the text he had the collaboration of F. C. Lesser (1692-1754), at that time a clergyman in Nordhausen and a well known authority on conchology. In order to collect names and addresses of potential subscribers to his book Regenfuss, in the beginning of 1748, published a small circular in which he invited shell collectors and shell dealers to support his idea, fixing the price for a coloured plate at 2 fl., for a uncoloured one at 1 fl. 1) Towards the end of that year he produced a large-sized "Avertissement" (dated 30 October 1748) to the "Lectori Benevolo Naturae Speculatori atque Ingenuarum Artium Studioso" 1). This item opens with an engraving representing an allegory of the sea and its organisms, to which is attached a net full of shells. It is followed by a text in Latin and German in parallel columns. Herein the study of conchology is greatly recommended, and again subscriptions are invited for the forthcoming book. In addition it gave an expos\xc3\xa9 of how Regenfuss and Lesser were going to effectuate their scheme. Here the above mentioned prices for the original subscribers are mentioned again, the later applicants having to pay 2 fl. 30 kr. for a coloured and 1 fl. 30 kr. for a black-and-white
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  • 84
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    Additions to the Aphid fauna of North East India (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 28, pp. 257-262
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Since 1896, about seventy-two species of aphids have been described from this part of India by different workers. The species so far described are distributed over about forty-two genera. The present paper brings the number of species to seventy-four and that of the genera to forty-three.\nLachnus titabarensis nov. spec.\nApterous viviparous female. \xe2\x80\x94 Body pyriform, about 2.4 to 2.6 mm long, with about 1.3 to 1.5 mm as maximum width. Abdominal tergites brownish, wrinkled, with a row of small pleural patches on either side; base of siphunculus surrounded by a large brownish patch. Hairs on the dorsum of the abdomen on small circular sclerites (mostly broken), stout; most of the hairs with long acute apices, a few with acuminate apices; the shorter ones caudad, a very few of such hairs with deeply furcated apices (fig. 1); the longest of the entire hairs may be up to 22/3 times as long as the basal diameter of segment III, the shortest furcated hair is up to about 11/4 times as long as the diameter mentioned. Dorsal hairs on the head rather fine, and with acute apices. The antennae are slightly lighter in colour than the head, which is dark brown, excepting the basal 2/3 of segment III, which is still lighter; segment III smooth basad, the rest of the flagellum gradually more distinctly imbricated from base to apex; segment III up to about 7/12 the length of segments IV, V, and VI taken together; segments IV and V subequal; processus terminalis slightly less than half the length of the base of the segment (5/11); hairs on segment III with finely drawn apices, up to about 2 to 22/3 times as long as the basal diameter of the segment. The apex of the rostrum bluntish, reaching a little beyond the second coxae; segments 4 + 5 up to about 7/8 the length of the second segment of the
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  • 85
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    The recent solitary mussid scleractinian corals (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 38, pp. 375-384
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nIn 1937 the writer, following Matthai (1928, p. 209), placed the solitary mussid genera Cynarina, Homophyllia, Rhodocyathus, Protolobophyllia, Sclerophyllia, Scolymia (Lithophyllia \xe2\x80\x94 placed in Mussa by Verrill in 1902, p. 130, and suspected of being only the young of colonial mussids by Pourtal\xc3\xa8s in 1871, p. 70) as subjective synonyms of the various colonial genera such as Lobophyllia, Symphyllia, and Mussa, on the assumption that these supposed solitary forms were based on early monostomatous (monocentric) stages of colonial forms. The late T. W. Vaughan and the writer later (1943, p. 194) adopted the same treatment. Wells followed much the same line in 1956 (p. 417-418), except that Homophyllia was once more recognized as a distinct genus.\nGrave difficulties have arisen in absorbing the remaining genera in the colonial forms, and evidence has accumulated that several of these should be recognized as valid genera. The present paper, stimulated particularly by the study of a number of solitary mussids from New Caledonia sent by Dr. R. Catala of Noum\xc3\xa9a, to whom the writer expresses his appreciation not only for the specimens but also for permission to use certain photographs taken by Dr. Catala, is an attempt to rectify some of these errors of judgment.\nThe position now is that the names Cynarina, Rhodocyathus, Sclerophyllia, and Protolobophyllia all pertain to a single genus (Cynarina), that Acanthophyllia and Homophyllia are distinct, and that Scolymia (Lithophyllia), a West Indian form, and Parascolymia n. gen., a Pacific form, are indistinguishable from each other on the basis of skeletal structure, but differ in mode of asexual budding. The living solitary mussids may be distinguished
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  • 86
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    The snout of Paulocnus petrifactus (Mammalia, Edentata) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 11, pp. 79-84
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: A specimen of the ground sloth discovered by Mr. P. Stuiver in Cura\xc3\xa7ao, Paulocnus petrifactus Hooijer (1962), recently dressed from the matrix by Mr. P. H. de Buisonj\xc3\xa9, comprises the front part of the mandible and the left half of the rostrum of the skull. It holds the left upper and right lower caniniform teeth as well as the first and second right lower cheek teeth, while the first and parts of the second left cheek teeth are in occlusion. The specimen is shown on pl. X; the mandible is presented in dorsal view in fig. 1.\nFig. 1. Paulocnus petrifactus Hooijer, top view of mandible, nat. size.\nW. C. G. Gertenaar del.\nI have recently been able to compare the specimen with originals of the Cuban ground sloths Megalocnus rodens Leidy, Mesocnus browni Matthew, and Acratocnus antillensis (Matthew) as well as with the Puerto Rican Acratocnus odontrigonus Anthony when visiting the American Museum of Natural History in New York City under the auspices of the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Research (Z.W.O.). I am indebted to Dr. Edwin H. Colbert, Chairman, and Dr. Malcolm C. McKenna, Curator of Mammals in the Department of Vertebrate Paleontology of the American Museum, for permission to study these fossils and for generous hospitality.\nThe front end of the mandible of Paulocnus is now available for the first time; this portion differs greatly among the West Indian sloths, the symphyseal tongue being absent in Megalocnus, rather long, decurved, and spatulate in Mesocnus, and short and roughly pointed in Acratocnus. The condition seen in Paulocnus resembles that in Mesocnus rather more than that in the other genera; the tongue is elongated only to a slightly less extent
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  • 87
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    On the larval genus Problemacaris Stebbing, and its probable identity (Crustacea, Decapoda) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 35, pp. 331-347
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nAfter the manuscript of my paper on Problemacaris (Gordon, 1960), had gone to press, Dr. R. B. Pike sent me notes and drawings of a larva that had been obtained by the "Sarsia" on 14 November 1957 and which he and Dr. D. I. Williamson had examined. When I told these two zoologists that this larva was apparently an older stage of one that I had just described, they decided not to proceed any further with their joint paper, and sent the larva for inclusion in the British Museum Collection.\nHowever, Dr. Williamson and I did have some correspondence relating to the possible identity of the larva and we thought we had got a clue to the real adult. But it was hoped that an older larva might be found which could be quite conclusive, and I only added a note to some of the reprints of my paper that I sent to individuals likely to be interested in the question.\nThen on December 12, 1962 Dr. Vagn Hansen of Copenhagen came to see me and informed me that Problemacaris larvae were moderately common and that he had seen specimens from as far afield as New Zealand. He also assured me that the larva has the curious habit of constructing "nests" from a radiolarian belonging to the family Thalassothamnidae (cf. Haecker, 1908). I told him what I thought was the probable adult genus to which this larval genus was referable, and asked him if he had seen an older stage than the "Sarsia" larva. He promised to send me the specimens that he had for study. However, he had to go to New Delhi; when he returned to Denmark on a rather brief visit, he looked out ten tubes of supposed larvae. But, when I came to examine these tubes, I found that only six of them had each a Problemacaris larva. Another tube had what may be a "nest" but
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  • 88
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    Annotations on the genera Triscolia, Megascolia and Scolia (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae) (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 43, pp. 433-444
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: This communication has been divided in three sections. Section A deals with the types of some taxa belonging to the genera Triscolia, Megascolia and Scolia; section B deals with the species of the genera Triscolia and Megascolia; a third section dealing with the species of the genus Scolia will be published separately in the next volume of this journal.\nLists of the species belonging to these genera and many of their synonyms are added.\nSECTION A.\nTYPES OF SOME TAXA BELONGING TO THE GENERA\n\nTRISCOLIA AND SCOLIA\nIt has been accepted as a fact by Sherborn\'s Nomenclator Zoologicus, by the Prussian Academy\'s Nomenclator Zoologicus, and by taxonomists, that the taxa Discolia and Triscolia were established by De Saussure & Sichel, 18642). It has likewise been accepted that Ashmead, 1903, had properly designated Scolia apicicornis Gu\xc3\xa9rin, an Ethiopian species, to be the typespecies of Discolia, and that Bartlett, 1912, had correctly designated Scolia flavifrons Fabr. to be the type-species of Triscolia. Without adequate study of S. apicicornis, a little-known species, it has been assumed that it belonged to the same taxon as S. quadripunctata Fabr., the type-species of Scolia.\nTherefore Discolia came to rest as a junior subjective synonym of Scolia.\nThe senior author has recently observed that De Saussure anticipated the joint publication of these names by using them in a paper published in the preceding year, 1863. He placed two species in Discolia, namely Scolia nobilitata Fabr. and Scolia consors Saussure. We now select S. nobilitata to be the type-species of that taxon. De Saussure included only S. badia Saussure in Triscolia, which is therefore the type-species by monotypy.
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  • 89
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    Description of two new species of Ophiuroidea collected during the Snellius Expedition (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 39, pp. 385-390
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nMr. Austin Hobart Clark, a personal friend of Dr. H. Boschma and during many years curator of the collections of Echinoderms in the U.S. National Museum (Smithsonian Institution), died on October 28, 1954, before his study of the collection of Ophiuroidea from the Snellius Expedition could be completed. A large part of this collection, identified by Mr. Clark, is now preserved in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden; a minor portion of the Ophiurid collection still awaits its revisor. Amongst the identified material there are two new species, the descriptions and drawings of which were finished by Mr. Clark before his decease. These were found amongst papers of the late Mr. Clark in the U.S. National Museum by Dr. Fenner A. Chace, Jr. and kindly placed at our disposal for publication in Dr. Boschma\'s jubilee volume. Both species are based on single specimens (holotypes), now preserved in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden.\nOphiarachna snelliusi sp. nov. (fig. 1) Description. \xe2\x80\x94 The disk is pentagonal, 11 mm in diameter, and the arms, which are separated at their bases by about twice their width, are slowly and evenly tapering, and 55 mm long.\nThe disk is densely covered with small granules which continue on the oral side as far as the oral shields and run out over the arm bases as far as the seventh side arm plate. The radial shields are very small, oval, half again as long as broad, situated on the edge of the disk on each side of the extension of the granules over the arm bases.\nThe oral shields are about as long as broad, triangular, with the inner
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  • 90
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    A description and discussion of threat- and anxiety-behaviour of Burhinus capensis (Lichtenstein) during incubation (1964)
    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 39 no. 26, pp. 240-248
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Dedicated to Professor H. Boschma on the occasion of his seventieth birthday.\n\nINTRODUCTION\nThe family Burhinidae or Stone Curlews, consists of large ploverlike birds which have no hind toe, long yellow legs with thickened tibiotarsal joints, hence the sometimes used popular name of "thickknee". The head is relatively big and very round and the eye is yellow, large and very striking.\nThe bill is short and stout. The plumage is very cryptic when the bird is at rest, but in flight or in postures with wings raised a rather striking contrasty pattern becomes visible in the wing.\nAll members of this family are nocturnal in their habits and during the day time they often squat on the ground among rocks and vegetation and are then difficult to spot unless they move. Stone Curlews are mostly found in tropical and temperate regions and they are represented by two species on the African continent. These two species are Burhinus vermiculatus (Cabanis) and B. capensis (Lichtenstein). The main difference between these two species is the fact that B. vermiculatus has a distinct pale bar bordered by a somewhat darker area on the inward edge, on each of the wings. B. capensis lacks this bar. The European species B. oedicnemus (L.) is very similar to B. vermiculatus and also has the bar.\nOf the two African species B. vermiculatus is never found far from water, hence its South African name of Water Dikkop. B. capensis, popularly called the Cape Dikkop, occurs in dry situations. Little to nothing is known about the behaviour of the former and we are only slightly better informed about the behaviour of the latter.
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  • 91
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    A preliminary revision of the Indo-Pacific species of Ophioglossum (Ophioglossaceae) (1964)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 321-337
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The differences between the most recent complete treatment of this genus by Clausen (1938) and the present revision are, I think, of a rather fundamental nature. For, though Dr Clausen and myself agree that in the troublesome taxa, \xe2\x80\x98the small number of characters .... has forced workers .... to base conclusions concerning species often on trivial details such as leaf cutting and size, characters which would not ordinarily be considered of fundamental importance in other groups\xe2\x80\x99 (l.c. p. 5), from there on we have followed a different train of thought. Clausen stated (l.c. p. 6) that \xe2\x80\x98If these characters were not adopted as criteria for species, it would be necessary to reduce the species to a very small number and thereby remove the opportunity to keep apart populations which appear to be really distinct enough, but for which the characters available for species differentiation do not seem fundamental.\xe2\x80\x99 This comes very close to Prantl\xe2\x80\x99s critics (1884, 300) on Luerssen\xe2\x80\x99s treatise where he stated: \xe2\x80\x9c.... so scheint die Frage, ob sie (i.e. the forms which Luerssen brought together under O. vulgatum) als Vatiet\xc3\xa4ten oder als ebensoviele Arten zu bezeichnen sein, von untergeordneter Bedeutung zu sein Es gibt eine grosse Anzahl von Sammlern, Floristen etc., deren wissenschaftliches Bed\xc3\xbcrfnis befriedigt ist, wenn sie auf Etiquetten oder in Katalogen einen aus zwei Worten bestehenden Namen schreiben k\xc3\xb6nnen; auf \xe2\x80\x98Variet\xc3\xa4ten\xe2\x80\x99 wird eine R\xc3\xbccksicht in der Regel nicht genommen.\xe2\x80\x9d In order to facilitate geographical studies based on these determinations Prantl then chose to accept a small species concept.
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  • 92
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    A new Dragon Fly of the genus Rhodopygia (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 48-55
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In the course of my researches in Surinam a species of Rhodopygia was often collected, the specimens of which answered fairly closely to Dr. F. RIS\xe2\x80\x99s description of Rhodopygia hollandi in the Libellulinae of the DE SELYS collection.\nHowever, after studying PH. P. CALVERT\xe2\x80\x99s original description of the species in the Biologia Centrali-Americana (1911, Odonata, p. 318\xe2\x80\x94319, tab. 9, fig. 54) I found my species to be manifestly different in kind from Rhodopygia hollandi, and hence the determination with the aid of RIS\xe2\x80\x99s Libellulinae was incorrect.
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  • 93
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    Zur Kenntnis der Gyriniden (Col.) von Suriname und vom Rio Par\xc3\xba im benachbarten Brasilien (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 82-110
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In Band V dieser Schriftenfolge, Seite 85\xe2\x80\x94103, habe ich im Rahmen der Gyriniden-Fauna von Gesamt-Guiana die Taumelk\xc3\xa4fer von Suriname erstmals im Zusammenhang behandelt. Dort finden sich auch die wichtigsten Literaturhinweise, weshalb auf deren Wiederholung in dieser Arbeit verzichtet wurde.\nInzwischen wurden mir durch Dr D. C. GEIJSKES die Gyriniden des von ihm verwalteten \xe2\x80\x9cStichting Surinaams Museum\xe2\x80\x9d in Paramaribo zu Bearbeitung anvertraut, welches Material weitere interessante Aufschl\xc3\xbcsse in Hinsicht auf die bereits bekannten Arten ergab und zur Entdeckung von 3 bisher unbekannten Species f\xc3\xbchrte. Hierdurch \xe2\x80\x94 und durch den Nachweis von G. pescheti, Nennform, bisher nur aus Franz. Guiana bekannt \xe2\x80\x94 erh\xc3\xb6ht sich die Anzahl der bis heute in Suriname festgestellten Formen auf 11.
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  • 94
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    The Distribution of Reef Corals in Cura\xc3\xa7ao (1964)
    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Cura\xc3\xa7ao and other Caribbean Islands vol. 20 no. 1, pp. 1-51
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: About the middle of the eighteenth century, the question whether the corals originally known only from collections of curiosities were animal, vegetable, or mineral was definitely decided in favour of the first of these categories (MARSILLI 1786).\nDuring the second half of the eighteenth and the entire following century, the former Lithophyta, as a subdivision of the Anthozoa, were an object of study for anatomists, taxonomists and, particularly in the nineteenth century, palaeontologists.
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  • 95
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    The petrology of the Region between Lage and Carballo (NW Galicia, NW Spain) (1964)
    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 103-120
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The area investigated comprises a 5 miles broad E-W belt mainly through the group of rocks called \xe2\x80\x9dComplejo Antiguo\xe2\x80\x9d by professor Parga-Pondal (1956). The section runs roughly from the village of Lage on the west coast eastwards towards Carballo.\nThe object was to detect the various relationships between the rocks of this group; more especially it is an attempt to elucidate the metamorphic history of this so-called Ancient complex in terms of a scheme of syn-, late- and post-kinematic metamorphic events.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 96
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    New forms of Lepidoptera from The Netherlands (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 142, pp. 143-147
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Since the publication of the first ten supplements of the Catalogue of the Netherlands\xe2\x80\x99 Macrolepidoptera a number of new forms have been discovered among the species treated there. Some of them will be dealt within this article.\nSphinx ligustri L., f. cingulata nov. Upper side of the abdomen with uninterrupted black rings; the black lateral bands are lengthened so as to meet one another in the middle of the back.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 97
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    Notes and descriptions of Indonesian Dolichopodidae (Insecta, Diptera) in the Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Museum, Amsterdam (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 129, pp. 239-274
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: In this paper one genus and 23 species are described as new; the genus Hadromerella is redescribed together with its type species H. setosa de Meijere; Condylostylus bifilus (van der Wulp) is redescribed, C. fenestratus (van der Wulp) is re-erected from synonymy and differentiated from C. tenebrosus (Walker); C. violaris (Enderlein) is synonymized with C. tenebrosus and Sympycnus praecipuus Becker is synonymized with S. plumitarsis de Meijere. The genera Cyrturella, Acropsilus, Telmaturgus and Schoenophilus are recorded for the first time from the Oriental region.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 98
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    On three specimens of Lagenorhynchus albirostris Gray, 1846 (Mammalia, Cetacea) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 139, pp. 85-93
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Recently the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam came into possession of three specimens of the White-beaked Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris. As data on this species are rather scarce, it may be useful to publish a few notes on these animals.\nThe first dolphin, a female, was caught in the North Sea at 7.3 miles N.N.W. from IJmuiden (about 52\xc2\xb0 34\xe2\x80\x99 N, 4\xc2\xb0 30\xe2\x80\x99 E) at the end of November 1958 by a commercial fish-trawler. The animal was obtained by the Netherlands Whale Research Group T.N.O. (Prof. dr. E. J. Slijper and Drs. W. L. van Utrecht), Amsterdam, for anatomical studies. Afterwards the skull and the complete skeleton were presented to the Zoological Museum. The dolphin was pregnant, its fetus weighed 1.5 kg. This specimen bears the registration number ZMA 2483.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 99
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    Notes on the Facelinacea. II: On the systematic position of Hervia serrata Baba, 1949 and Favorinus horridus Macnae, 1954 (Mollusca Nudibranchia) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 10 no. 128, pp. 222-238
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The eolids described under the names Hervia serrata BABA, 1949 and Favorinus horridus MACNAE, 1954, which were recently ascribed to other facelinid genera, such as Godiva (cf. MACNAE, 1954) and Dondice (cf. MARCUS, 1958), because of misconceptions on the taxonomic value of distinctive peculiarities in the Facelinacea, require a proper generic designation according to the author. Therefore the new genera Babaiella and Phyllodesmiopsis were constituted with H. serrata and F. horridus as type species. The distinguishing serrate teeth and other significant features exclude both genera from the Facelinacea and indicate a closer relationship with Phyllodesmium, a relatively abundant but very imperfectly known form, which was included among the aeolidiellids by BERGH (1892) upon the basis of an apparent resemblance of the radular teeth, which character, however, is considered to be the result of a remarkable parallelism due to the anthozoarian diet. The radula of the phyllodesmids is clearly different from the radular shapes of both the facelinids and aeolidiellids. From the former group it differs in having serrations (not denticles) which display a high degree of divergence from the axis of the median cusp. Even on external characters the phyllodesmids are already unmistakably characterized and cannot be confused with other eolids. There are thus substantial reasons for believing that the Phyllodesmiacea form a characteristic and close group which must be separated from both the Facelinacea and the Aeolidiacea, and their degree of specialization parallels the stage attained by the most specialized aeolidiellids. Our imperfect knowledge of this group does not yet allow further comparative studies; detailed anatomical and histological accounts will be necessary before our point of view can be placed on a more sure scientific basis. The phyllodesmids appear to belong exclusively to the Indo-Pacific region and a good number of new forms can be expected, because they are mimetic animals and little or no extensive collecting has been made on the most promising coasts until recently.
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 100
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    On Glossodoris quadricolor (R\xc3\xbcuppell & Leuckart, 1828) (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) (1964)
    In:  Beaufortia vol. 11 no. 132, pp. 27-32
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Among a collection of fishes received from a fish dealer, destinated for the Aquarium of the Amsterdam Zoo, Mr. Fr. de Graaf found three nudibranchs. He kindly permitted us to study them alive and afterwards to preserve them in the collections of the Zoological Museum. The specimens were collected in the neighbourhood of Djakarta, Indonesia. Colour paintings were made after the living specimens by our painter Mr. Jos Ruting, who also copied in black and white some drawings \xe2\x80\x94 published before \xe2\x80\x94 for comparison. The Director of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden, Prof. Dr. L. D. Brongersma and its Curator for molluscs, Dr. C. O. van Regteren Altena, were so kind to put van Hasselt\xe2\x80\x99s original painting of Doris lineolata at our disposal. This has not been reproduced in BERGH\xe2\x80\x99S paper on van Hasselt\xe2\x80\x99s nudibranchs (1887). It seemed important to show its likeness to Bergh\xe2\x80\x99s Chromodoris lineolata (BERGH, 1905, pl. IV fig. 7) and its differences from Baba\xe2\x80\x99s Glossodoris lineolata (BABA, 1949, pl. XVI fig. 58) here reproduced in black and white in fig. 6.
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