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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-01-01
    Description: The abundance of the alien, Indo-Pacific damselfish Neopomacentrus cyanomos on an oil-loading platform in the southwest Gulf of Mexico indicates that widely distributed platforms could facilitate the expansion of its geo- graphic range across the western and northern fringes of the Gulf. From there it likely will spread to other areas of the Greater Caribbean. The lionfish example demonstrates that it eventually happens, and can do so rapidly. Reduced temperature effects on the physiology of this species were examined to better predict its survivability in the northern Gulf during winter, when sea surface temperatures fall as low as 15 °C along the coast. Overall, our results show that when the degree of experimental temperature decline was large and rapid, no compensation occurred and the stress response observed mostly reflected cellular processes that minimized damage. Integrated biomarker response values were significantly different between fish rapidly exposed to colder vs. warmer temperatures (declines of −4 °C each day, from 26 to 14 °C), reflected in higher values of blood metabolites and routine metabolic rates observed in fish exposed to 14 and 18 °C respectively, and lower activity of all enzymes, lower protein carbonylation, and higher oxidative damage to lipids in fish exposed to 14 °C. While the phy- siological proxies responded to minimize damage during the rapid-decrease experiment, the same proxies re- flected the consequences of compensation when fish were thermally challenged after a 45 days acclimation at 18 °C. In this case, lower values of blood metabolites and high antioxidant levels and indicators of damages underpinned its pejus lower range. Based on the results of the present work, it seems clear that low winter SSTs in the northern Gulf will slow down the colonization of the inshore area of N. cyanomos. We suggest that the use of physiological cellular stress markers on specimens acquired at the beginning of an invasion should be im- plemented in new standardized experimental protocols, including both rapid increases/decreases of temperature and post-acclimation temperature challenges, to assess the invasiveness potential of aquatic species such as this.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: Interoceanic canals can facilitate biological invasions as they connect the world's oceans and remove dispersal barriers between bioregions. As a consequence, multiple opportunities for biotic exchange arise and the resulting establishment of migrant species often causes adverse ecological and economic impacts. The Panama Canal is a key region for biotic exchange as it connects the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans in Central America. In this study, we used two complementary methods (environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and gillnetting) to survey fish communities in this unique waterway. Using COI (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) metabarcoding, we detected a total of 142 fish species, including evidence for the presence of sixteen Atlantic and eight Pacific marine fish in different freshwater sections of the Canal. Of these, nine are potentially new records. Molecular data did not capture all species caught with gillnets, but generally provided a more complete image of the known fish fauna as more small-bodied fish species were detected. Diversity indices based on eDNA surveys revealed significant differences across different sections of the Canal reflecting in part the prevailing environmental conditions. The observed increase in the presence of marine fish species in the Canal indicates a growing potential for interoceanic fish invasions. The potential ecological and evolutionary consequences of this increase in marine fishes are not only restricted to the fish fauna in the Canal as they could also impact adjacent ecosystems in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 366 (1993), S. 520-520 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Bright colours and conspicuous mating tactics may reduce survival by attracting predators1'2. Evolutionary theory proposes that trade-offs between mate attraction and predator avoidance can promote the development of inconspi-cuous, safer, 'alternative' mating strategies3'4. Our study of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 103 (1995), S. 180-190 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Coral reef fish ; Lottery coexistence ; Competitive ability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stegastes diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans are mutually territorial Caribbean damselfishes. S. diencaeus is larger, grows faster and lives longer than S. dorsopunicans. S. diencaeus is a habitat specialist that shares its primary habitat mainly with S. dorsopunicans. Field manipulations show that both S. diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans readily take over living space from smaller, but not larger, heterospecific neighbors. Natural changes in the use of living space by both species occur frequently and adult S. diencaeus often aggressively usurp the living areas of smaller S. dorsopunicans. Lunar and seasonal patterns of juvenile recruitment by S. diencaeus and S. dorsopunicans are similar. Large size bestows competitive superiority on S. diencaeus by giving its adults a superior ability to aggressively acquire living space, and by enabling its juveniles to quickly escape the period when they lack a size advantage. Hence they spend much of their lives as competitive dominants. There is no evidence that competitive advantages arising from large size are offset either by other adult attributes or by differences in temporal patterns of recruitment that affect priority of access to space. The lottery hypothesis for species coexistence relies on patterns of abundance being determined by patterns of recruitment to vacant space because different species have equal space-holding abilities. These data show that the existence of such a mechanism is doubtful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 108 (1996), S. 95-104 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Fish ; Egg size ; Fertilization dynamics ; Sperm competition, limitation, and economy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In marine invertebrates that spawn by simply releasing their gametes into the water (free-spawning), fertilization success likely is often limited by low sperm concentrations, due to dispersion of mates and dispersal of gametes by water movements. Production of large, low density eggs might be advantageous when sperm concentrations consistently are low, because large target size might increase egg/sperm encounters, and more low than high density eggs could be produced per clutch. Although average fertilization success in the labrid Thalassoma bifasciatum is ∼95% in both group spawns (in which multiple males compete for fertilizations by producing large quantities of sperm) and pair (mono-male) spawns, it is slightly lower in pair spawns, due to low level sperm limitation that arises because pair-spawning males release near the minimum number of sperm necessary for maximum fertilization. I examined whether variation in egg size and content in T. bifasciatum and other free-spawning fishes is related to variation in spawning mode, to assess whether compensatory production of large, low-density eggs might be contributing to high fertilization success in pair spawns. I found no difference between the volume or density of eggs of (1) pair- and group-spawning females of T. bifasciatum, or (2) pair-and group-spawning congeneric species of labrids, scarids, and serranids, or (3) labrids and scarids with vigorous, rapid spawning movements (which could turbulently diffuse gamete clouds) and those with slow movements. Further, egg density does not decline with increasing egg volume among those fishes. Assuming that egg size can affect fertilization success, then sperm limitation seems unlikely to represent a significant problem for pair-spawning T. bifasciatum, probably because mates place their vents close together during gamete release. The situation regarding sperm limitation in other fishes, and effects of environmentally generated water turbulence on it, are less clear. Interspecific variation in the size and content of these fishes' eggs may relate to provisioning of offspring for different larval life-histories.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 47 (1980), S. 267-269 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The hermit crab, Paguritta harmsi, is a sedentary filterfeeder, previously known as an inhabitant of polychaete tubes on the surface of living corals. It is now reported living directly within colonies of the massive coral, Astreopora myriopthalma, growing in 8–10 m of water at Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Small hermit crabs (2–3 mm body length) were found within normal, tissue-containing corallites of the host, while larger individuals occupied the outer portion of tubular pits that extended as much as 98 mm down into the coral skeleton. P. harmsi tended to occur in pairs of adjacent male and female individuals, which may reduce predation risks during mating. Available evidence favours the hypothesis that hermit crabs are quite long lived, invade normal host corallites and remain there while the coral gradually grows outward producing an elongate pit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 9 (1983), S. 193-223 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Migrations ; Diel ; tidal and semi-lunar rhythms ; Predator-prey interactions ; Color changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Surgeonfish spawning was observed at Palau, Lizard Island, Escape Reef (all Pacific Ocean) and Aldabra (Indian Ocean). Seven species, all fairly exclusively benthic feeding, defended feeding territories to some extent, and some of them formed territorial groups composed of 1 male + ≥ 1 female. One other species ate both benthic algae and zooplankton, and both sexes appeared to be nonterritorial, except that males defended temporary spawning territories. The primary spawning rhythm appeared to be a restriction of spawning to part of the day. Ebb-tide spawning rhythms were evident where distinct tidal currents flowed on and off a reef: at one such site (Palau), a secondary tidal rhythm of spawning overlaid and combined with the primary rhythm to produce an apparent semi-lunar rhythm of spawning. Peaks of spawning of three Palauan species were on days when tidal heights/amplitudes were either less than or no different from the mean. Fishes that lived in intertidal areas (including some from heterosexual territorial groups) migrated to and massed and spawned at the intertidal/subtidal interface. Some fishes spawned in pairs, either in their (intertidal and subtidal) feeding territories or in temporary spawning territories at the reef edge. Many that migrated to the reef edge were (temporarily) nonterritorial there, and spawned in groups [I female (sometimes more?) + many males]. Predatory fishes and zooplanktivorous fishes attacked spawning fishes and fed on fresh ova. At Palau, egg predators attacked group, rather than pair spawnings. Pulses of massed group spawning may reduce the rate of egg predation per group spawning. Two different types of color change by both sexes were associated with the two basically different patterns of spawning — in pairs and in groups.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Coexistence ; Algae cropping ; Behavior ; Territoriality ; Zonation ; Fish morphology ; Reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The relationship between the morphology, feeding strategies and social and mating systems of three surgeonfishes was investigated. Adults of each defend feeding territories, intra-and interspecifically. The largest species, because of its morphological limitation, relies on food that has to be defended against many other species. It forms large colonies in which fishes singly defend small territories containing high standing crop algal mats. Colony formation is a mechanism by which the efficiency and effectiveness of interspecific territory defense is increased. The smallest species, because of its morphological adaptations, is able to rely most on food that other species cannot efficiently exploit. It forms pairs that defend large territories containing a thin algal mat. It is restricted to the poorest quality habitat by the aggressive activities of more dominant species. The third species, which also forms pairs, has an intermediate feeding strategy. The local coexistence of these three and other surgeonfishes results from a combination of (i) their partitioning both habitat and food resources, and (ii) the populations of two of the most dominant species apparently being below the carrying capacity. Territoriality and the absence of parental care facilitates pair formation in surgeonfishes. Permanently territorial species usually form pairs. The colonial species does not form pairs because the colonial habit facilitates interference of males in each other's spawnings.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 41 (1994), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Protogyny ; Gobiosoma ; Gobiidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In immature and adult females of protogynous gobies, small distinctive masses of cells associated with the ovarian wall develop into testis-associated glandular structures during sex change. These precursive accessory gonadal structures, or pAGS, have been found in females of known protogynous goby species, but not among gonochoric goby species, suggesting that their presence can be used as a species-specific indicator of protogyny within the family. However, a detailed examination of a developmental series of ovaries in two gonochoric species,Gobiosoma illecebrosum andG. saucrum, revealed the presence of a gonadal feature previously thought to be restricted to protogynous gobies. Among immature females of both species, pAGS-like structures having a similar appearance and placement as functional pAGS of protogynous gobies were found. In femaleG. illecebrosum, the size of these structures among immatures progressively decreased with maturation and were absent in all but the smallest adult females. A similar pattern was evident in a small sample ofG. saucrum. Population demography based on field collections showed thatG. illecebrosum exhibits sex ratios and male and female size-frequency distributions typical of gonochores and laboratory experiments indicated that final sexual identity was unaffected by social environment during the juvenile period. Thus, the presence of pAGS in juvenile femaleG. illecebrosum is not related to an ability to change sex at that ontogenic interval. Whether the transient pAGS observed here are vestiges of an ancestral protogynous condition is unknown. Based on their presence among immatures in two gonochore gobies, however, only the presence of pAGS in adult females should be used to predict protogyny among gobies.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 41 (1994), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Protogyny ; Gobiosoma ; Gobiidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In immature and adult females of protogynous gobies, small distinctive masses of cells associated with the ovarian wall develop into testis-associated glandular structures during sex change. These precursive accessory gonadal structures, or pAGS, have been found in females of known protogynous goby species, but not among gonochoric goby species, suggesting that their presence can be used as a species-specific indicator of protogyny within the family. However, a detailed examination of a developmental series of ovaries in two gonochoric species,Gobiosoma illecebrosum andG. saucrum, revealed the presence of a gonadal feature previously thought to be restricted to protogynous gobies. Among immature females of both species, pAGS-like structures having a similar appearance and placement as functional pAGS of protogynous gobies were found. In femaleG. illecebrosum, the size of these structures among immatures progressively decreased with maturation and were absent in all but the smallest adult females. A similar pattern was evident in a small sample ofG. saucrum. Population demography based on field collections showed thatG. illecebrosum exhibits sex ratios and male and female size-frequency distributions typical of gonochores and laboratory experiments indicated that final sexual identity was unaffected by social environment during the juvenile period. Thus, the presence of pAGS in juvenile femaleG. illecebrosum is not related to an ability to change sex at that ontogenic interval. Whether the transient pAGS observed here are vestiges of an ancestral protogynous condition is unknown. Based on their presence among immatures in two gonochore gobies, however, only the presence of pAGS in adult females should be used to predict protogyny among gobies.
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