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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3294-3296 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate that the thermal expansion behavior of a material can be substantially modified by the presence of residual stresses. In the case of a composite tube made of two layers of dissimilar steels, in situ neutron diffraction measurements revealed a significant difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion along the radial and tangential directions. It is shown that the observed difference in thermal expansion is due to the change of residual stresses with temperature. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This study investigates thermal mismatch stresses in the lamellar microstructure of the solid solution directionally solidified eutectic (DSE) oxide Co1−xNixO/ZrO2(CaO). X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements were performed on isolated eutectic domains to measure the residual strain and stress tensors. Maximum principal residual stresses on the order of 1 GPa were recorded, with the Co1−xNixO and the ZrO2(CaO) phases maintaining states of tensile and compressive stress, respectively. The stress tensors for these materials are compared with measurements for similar DSE oxide systems and suggest that solid solution DSEs might be used to tailor the residual stress states in DSE composites.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 16 (1983), S. 289-294 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Rational functions, the ratio of two polynomials, are shown to be good approximations to powder diffraction profiles. These functions are generalizations of the Lorentzian, the modified Lorentzian, and the profile model of Parrish [Parrish, Huang & Ayers (1976). Trans. Am. Crystallogr. Assoc. 12, 55–73]. The simplest of these functions is of the form f(x) = 1/(1 + A1x2 + A2x4) with constants A1 and A2 that describe the shape of the profile, x = 2θ − 2θ0, and 2θ0 the position of the peak maximum. This function approximates very well Pearson VII distributions with exponents between 1 and 3. An asymmetric profile model with different A1, A2 parameters for the two halves of the peaks was fitted to silicon X-ray powder diffraction profiles and gave unweighted agreement factors from R2 = 0.02 to 0.04 for peaks varying from 28 to 137° 2θ.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 3 (1970), S. 549-549 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: From a generalized definition of a superposition map, a system of programs has been written to perform the superposition of several Patterson and/or pseudo electron density maps.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 15 (1982), S. 452-460 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Total neutron scattering data were collected on sputtered YFe2 at 298 K and TbFe2 at 423 K with a wavelength of 0.7 Å. The TbFe2 data were collected above the magnetic ordering temperature of 383 K. In addition, the elastic neutron scattering of TbFe2 was measured with the use of a pyrolytic graphite analyzer at a wavelength of 1.5 Å, and its total X-ray scattering was measured with Mo radiation and a silicon-lithium drifted detector. Experimental radial distribution functions, with statistical error limits, were calculated. Errors due to an incorrect background, scaling of the data and termination effects were minimized. The scale and shape of the experimental background and the coordination numbers, internuclear distances and disorder parameters, for the first six coordination spheres, have been determined. The contribution of paramagnetic inelastic scattering from TbFe2 to the total neutron scattering is quite appreciable. The shape of the background scattering, which goes through a maximum, is indicative of residual coherence and suggests short-range magnetic ordering where neighboring atom spins are aligned. These effects are not observed in YFe2, nor in the elastic TbFe2 data. The metallic glasses have a structural topology which is quite different from that found in their crystalline analogues. The transition-metal substructure, consisting of corner-sharing tetrahedra, is the only aspect of the crystalline topology preserved in the amorphous phase. The structural parameters suggest a tendency of the rare-earth atoms to cluster, thereby decreasing the number of Fe nearest neighbors relative to the crystalline structure.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 22 (1989), S. 640-641 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 34 (2001), S. 343-357 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Neutron imaging with bent crystals is considered in the linear approximation of neutron optics. A matrix formalism analogous to that of conventional lens optics is developed. Various imaging conditions are discussed in relation to the crystal deformation type and to possible applications in neutron scattering. All focusing conditions known previously are included as particular cases. Arrangements combining high resolution in imaging with high resolution in scattering are examined. The concept of Bragg mirrors as devices for non-dispersive imaging is introduced. The most powerful application appears to be that of Bragg mirrors combined with the time-of-flight method. Imaging with a thick packet of silicon wafers at the spatial resolution of a single thin wafer is demonstrated.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 9 (1976), S. 169-174 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A scale factor γ, to convert from the relative to the absolute/relative intensity scale, is readily calculated during computer simulation of powder patterns. Previously used scale factors are related to γ. The Reference Intensity Ratio, I/Ic (c = corundum), is obtained from μ, ρ, and γ for the sample and for corundum. Comparing calculated and experimental I/Ic values confirms that microabsorption and primary extinction can be serious experimental aberrations possibly limiting the accuracy to several wt.% in quantitative analysis by powder diffraction.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 35 (1979), S. 1280-1282 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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