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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A viscoelastic shear zone model of compressional and extensional plate boundaries (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 140 (1993), S. 471-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Sheart zone ; compressional and extensional boundary zone ; brittle-ductile transition ; viscoclastic model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model is proposed describing the mechanical evolution of a shear zone along compressional and extensional plate boundaries, subject to constant strain rate. The shear zones are assumed as viscoelastic with Maxwell rheology and with elastic and rheological parameters depending on temperature and petrology. Stress and strain are computed as functions of time and depth. For both kinds of boundaries the model reproduces the existence of a shallow seismogenic zone, characterized by a stress concentration. The thickness of the seismogenic layer is evaluated considering the variations of shear stress and frictional strength on faults embedded in the shear zone. Assuming that a fault dislocation takes place, the brittle-ductile transition is assumed to occur at the depth at which the time derivative of total shear stress changes from positive to negative values. The effects of different strain rates and geothermal gradients on the depth of the brittle-ductile transition are studied. The model predictions are consistent with values inferred from seismicity data of different boundary zones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876966
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth of the brittle-ductile transition in a transcurrent boundary zone (1991)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 135 (1991), S. 447-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Shear zone ; brittle-ductile transition ; transcurrent faults
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model is proposed which describes the boundary zone between two transcurrent plates as a viscoelastic body, with rheological properties changing with depth. In this model, the brittle-ductile transition is defined as the depth at which the time derivative of shear stress changes from positive to negative values. Variations of this depth are studied as functions of geothermal gradient, rheological parameters and strain rate, using a “power law” rheology with exponent ranging from 1 to 4. Stress relaxation in the ductile zone is controlled by a local characteristic time, which depends on petrology, temperature and, in the case of non-Newtonian rheology, on strain rate. The composition and the hydration degree of crustal rocks may also sensibly influence the depth of the brittle-ductile transition. The model predictions are compared with observations regarding the San Andreas, Imperial Valley and North Anatolian Faults: it is found that values ofn from 1 to 3 are more appropriate to reproduce the transition depth inferred by the seismicity distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879474
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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