Publication Date:
2012-07-28
Description:
The observed presence of water vapor convectively injected deep into the stratosphere over the United States can fundamentally change the catalytic chlorine/bromine free-radical chemistry of the lower stratosphere by shifting total available inorganic chlorine into the catalytically active free-radical form, ClO. This chemical shift markedly affects total ozone loss rates and makes the catalytic system extraordinarily sensitive to convective injection into the mid-latitude lower stratosphere in summer. Were the intensity and frequency of convective injection to increase as a result of climate forcing by the continued addition of CO(2) and CH(4) to the atmosphere, increased risk of ozone loss and associated increases in ultraviolet dosage would follow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, James G -- Wilmouth, David M -- Smith, Jessica B -- Sayres, David S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Aug 17;337(6096):835-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1222978. Epub 2012 Jul 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. anderson@huarp.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22837384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Atmosphere/*chemistry
;
Carbon Dioxide/chemistry
;
Catalysis
;
Chlorine Compounds/chemistry
;
*Convection
;
Methane/chemistry
;
Ozone/*chemistry
;
Radiation Dosage
;
*Seasons
;
*Steam
;
*Ultraviolet Rays
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
