Call number:
AWI Bio-20-93530
Description / Table of Contents:
The Arctic tundra, covering approx. 5.5 % of the Earth’s land surface, is one of the last ecosystems remaining closest to its untouched condition. Remote sensing is able to provide information at regular time intervals and large spatial scales on the structure and function of Arctic ecosystems. But almost all natural surfaces reveal individual anisotropic reflectance behaviors, which can be described by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). This effect can cause significant changes in the measured surface reflectance depending on solar illumination and sensor viewing geometries. The aim of this thesis is the hyperspectral and spectro-directional reflectance characterization of important Arctic tundra vegetation communities at representative Siberian and Alaskan tundra sites as basis for the extraction of vegetation parameters, and the normalization of BRDF effects in off-nadir and multi-temporal remote sensing data. Moreover, in preparation for the upcoming German EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program…
Type of Medium:
Dissertations
Pages:
circa 330 Seiten
,
Illustrationen, Diagramme
URL:
http://www.gbv.de/dms/tib-ub-hannover/830010513.pdf
Language:
English
Note:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Kurzfassung
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
List of Symbols
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background and Scientific Setting
1.2 Motivation and Research Questions
1.3 Structure of Thesis
2 FUNDAMENTALS OF HYPERSPECTRAL AND SPECTRO-DIRECTIONAL REMOTE SENSING
2.1 Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation
2.2 Spectro-Directional Remote Sensing of Vegetation
2.3 The EnMAP Satellite System
2.4 Spectro-Goniometer Systems for the Ground-Based Measurement of BRDF Effects
3 THE TUNDRA PERMAFROST STUDY LOCATIONS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT
3.1 The Eurasia Arctic Transect (EAT)
3.1.1 Geological and Climatic Setting
3.1.2 Vegetation
3.2 The North American Arctic Transect (NAAT)
3.2.1 Geological and Climatic Setting
3.2.2 Vegetation
4 OBSERVATIONS AND METHODOLOGY
4.1 Observations Used for this Study
4.1.1 The ECI-GOA-Yamal 2011 Expedition
4.1.2 The EyeSight- NAAT-Alaska 2012 Expedition
4.1.3 Data Used for Hyperspectral Characterization of Arctic Tundra
4.1.4 Data Used for Spectro-Directional Characterization of Arctic Tundra
4.2 Methodology Used for Field Work and Data Analysis
4.2.1 Field Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Data Analysis
4.2.2 Considerations for the Field Spectro-Goniometer Measurements and the Spectro-Directional Data Analysis
5 DEVELOPMENT AND PRECOMMISSIONING INSPECTION OF THE MANTIS FIELD SPECTRO-GONIOMETER
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Theoretical Background
5.3 Description of the Field Spectro-Goniometer System
5.3.1 Construction Schedule
5.3.2 Description of the Field Spectro-Goniometer Platform (ManTIS)
5.3.3 Sensor Configuration of the AWI ManTIS Field Spectro-Goniometer
5.3.4 Measurement Strategy
5.3.5 Software for Semi-Automatic Control
5.4 Error Assessment
5.4.1 Radiometrical Accuracy
5.4.2 Pointing Accuracy
5.4.3 Ground Instantaneous Field of View and Sensor Self-Shadowing
5.4.4 Temporal Illumination Changes and Environmental Influences
5.5 Data Analysis
5.5.1 Data Processing
5.5.2 Data Visualization
5.6 Performance of ManTIS Field Spectro-Goniometer in the Field
5.6.1 Test Site and Experiment Setup
5.6.2 Results and Discussion
5.7 Conclusions and Outlook
6 HYPERSPECTRAL REFLECTANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW ARCTIC TUNDRA VEGETATION
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Material & Methods
6.2.1 Study Area
6.2.2 Environmental Gradients/Zones and Vegetation Description
6.2.3 Data Acquisition and Pre-Processing
6.2.4 Data Analysis
6.3 Results
6.3.1 The Zonal Climate Gradient
6.3.2 Acidic Versus Non-Acidic Tundra (Soil pH Zones)
6.3.3 The Toposequence at Happy Valley (Subzone E)
6.3.4 The Soil Moisture Gradient at Franklin Bluffs (Subzone D)
6.4 Discussion
6.4.1 Overview of Field Characterization and Spectral Properties along the Gradients
6.4.2 Performance of Spectral Metrics and Vegetation Indices
6.5 Conclusions
7 RESULTS OF THE SPECTRO-DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE INVESTIGATIONS
7.1 Overview of the Spectro-Directional Reflectance Characteristics of Low Arctic Tundra Vegetation
7.1.1 Representativeness of the Study Plots Representing Tundra Vegetation
7.1.2 Vaskiny Dachi – Bioclimate Subzone D
7.1.3 Happy Valley – Bioclimate Subzone E
7.1.4 Franklin Bluffs – Bioclimate Subzone D
7.2 Influence of High Sun Zenith Angles on the Reflectance Anisotropy
7.2.1 MAT (Happy Valley)
7.2.2 MNT (Franklin Bluffs)
7.3 Variability in Multi-Angular Remote Sensing Products of Low Arctic Tundra Environments
7.3.1 Spectro-Directional Variability of Different Low Arctic Plant Communities
7.3.2 Spectro-Directional Variability under Varying Sun Zenith Angles
8 DISCUSSION
8.1 The Hyperspectral Reflectance Characteristics of Tundra Vegetation in Context of the Spectro-Goniometer Measurements
8.2 Applicability of the ManTIS Field Spectro-Goniometer System
8.3 The Spectro-Directional Reflectance Characteristics of Tundra Vegetation
8.4 Variability in Reflectance Anisotropy at High Sun Zenith Angles
8.5 Applicability of Multi- Angular Remote Sensing Products for Arctic Tundra Environments
9 CONCLUSIONS & OUTLOOK
Acknowledgments
References
Appendix
Table of Contents of the Appendix
References of the Appendix
Statutory Declaration / Eidesstattliche Erklärung
Location:
AWI Reading room
Branch Library:
AWI Library
