ALBERT

Anmerkung: Contents: Part One: Why Great Companies Can Fail ; 1 How can great firms fail? Insights from the Hard Disk Drive industry ; 2 Value networks and the impetus to innovate ; 3 Disruptive technological change in the mechanical excavator industry ; Part Two: Managing Disruptive Technological Change ; 5 Give responsibility for disruptive technologies to organizations whose customers need them ; 6 Match the size of the organization to the size of the market ; 7 Discovering new and emerging markets ; 8 How to appraise your organization's capabilities and disabilities ; 9 Performance provided, market demand, and the product life cycle ; 10 Managing disruptive technological change: a case study ; 11 The dilemma of innovation: a summary

Anmerkung: IntroductionSingle-particle motions -- Plasmas as fluids -- Waves in plasmas -- Diffusion and resistivity -- Equilibrium and stability -- Kinetic theory -- Nonlinear effects -- Special plasmas -- Plasma applications..

Anmerkung: Solar terrestrial physics: the evolution of a disciplineThe upper atmosphere and ionosphere -- Physics of magnetized plasmas -- The Sun and its atmosphere -- The solar wind and heliosphere -- Collisionless shocks -- Solar wind interaction with magnetized obstacles -- Plasma interactions with unmagnetized bodies -- Solar wind magnetosphere coupling -- The terrestrial magnetosphere -- The aurora -- Planetary magnetospheres -- Plasma waves..

Anmerkung: Contents: Section 1: The Facts of Economic Growth and Economic Fluctuation ; Chapter 1: RBC Methodology and the Development of Aggregate Economic Theory ; Chapter 2: The Facts of Economic Growth ; Chapter 3: Macroeconomic Shocks and Their Propagation ; Chapter 4: Macroeconomic Regimes and Regime Shifts ; Chapter 5: The Macroeconomics of Time Allocation ; Chapter 6: "Who Bears the Cost of Recessions? The Role of House Prices and Household Debt" ; Chapter 7: "Allocative and Remitted Wages: New Facts and Challenges for Keynesian Models" ; Chapter 8: Financial and Fiscal Crises ; Section 2: The Methodology of Macroeconomics ; Chapter 9: Factor Models and Structural Vector Autoregressions in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 10: Solution and Estimation Methods for DSGE Models ; Chapter 11: Recursive Contracts and Endogenously Incomplete Markets ; Chapter 12: Macroeconomics and Household Heterogeneity ; Chapter 13: Natural Experiments in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 14: Accounting for Business Cycles ; Chapter 15: "Incomplete Information in Macroeconomics: Accommodating Frictions in Coordination" ; Chapter 16: New Methods for Macro-Financial Model Comparison and Policy Analysis

Anmerkung: Knowledge as a public good (2009)Open access, markets, and missions (2010) -- Open access overview (2004) -- Removing the barriers to research : an introduction to open access for librarians (2003) -- The taxpayer argument for open access (2003) -- It's the authors, stupid! (2004) -- Six things that researchers need to know about open access (2006) -- Trends favoring open access (2007) -- Gratis and libre open access (2008) -- The scaling argument (2004) -- Problems and opportunities (blizzards and beauty) (2007) -- Open access and the self-correction of knowledge (2008) -- Open access and the last-mile problem for knowledge (2008) -- The case for OAI in the age of Google (2004) -- Good facts, bad predictions (2006) -- No-fee open-access journals (2006) -- Balancing author and publisher rights (2007) -- Flipping journal to open access (2007) -- Society publishers with open access journals (2007) -- Ten challenges for open-access journals (2009) -- The final version of the NIH public-access policy (2005) -- Another OA mandate : the Federal Research Public Access Act of 2006 (2006) -- Twelve reminders about FRPAA (2007) -- An open access mandate for the NIH (2008) -- The open access mandate at Harvard (2008) -- A bill to overturn the NIH policy (2008) -- Open access policy options for funding agencies and universities (2009) -- Open access and quality (2006) -- Thinking about prestige, quality, and open access (2008) -- Not napster for science (2003) -- Two distractions (2004) -- Praising progress, preserving precision (2004) -- Who should control access to research literature? (2004) -- Four analogies to clean energy (2010) -- Promoting open access in the humanities (2005) -- Helping scholars and helping libraries (2005) -- Unbinding knowledge : a proposal for providing open access to past research articles, staring with the most important (2006) -- Open access to electronic theses and dissertations (2006) -- Open access for digitization projects (2009) -- Analogies and precendents for the FOS revolution (2002) -- Thoughts on the first and second-order scholarly judgments (2002) -- Saving the oodlehood and shebangity of the internet (2003) -- What's the ullage of your library? (2004) -- Can search tame the wild Web? : can open access help? (2005) -- Glossary..

Anmerkung: Contents: Section 3: Financial-Real Connections ; Chapter 17: "Wholesale Banking and Bank Runs in Macroeconomic Modelling of Financial Crises" ; Chapter 18: "Housing and Credit Markets: Bubbles and Crashes" ; Chapter 19: Macro, Money and Finance: A Continuous-Time Approach ; Chapter 20: Housing and Macroeconomics ; Chapter 21: Term Structure of Uncertainty in the Macroeconomy ; Chapter 22: Quantitative Models of Sovereign Debt Crises ; Section 4: Models of Economic Growth and Fluctuations ; Chapter 23: Families in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 24: Environmental Macroeconomics ; Chapter 25: The Staying Power of Staggered Wage and Price Setting Models in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 26: Neoclassical Models in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 27: Macroeconomics of Persistent Slumps ; Chapter 28: Macroeconomics and the Labor Market ; Section 5: Macroeconomic Policy ; Chapter 29: Challenges for Central Banks' Macro Models ; Chapter 30: Liquidity requirements, liquidity choice and financial stability ; Chapter 31: "Understanding Inflation as a Joint Monetary-Fiscal Phenomenon" ; Chapter 32: "Fiscal Multipliers: Liquidity Traps and Currency Unions" ; Chapter 33: What is a Sustainable Public Debt? ; Chapter 34: The Political Economy of Government Debt

Anmerkung: Contents: Chapter 1: Preparing the Work Environment -- Chapter 2: The Geocaching App -- Chapter 3: Combining Multiple Data Sources -- Chapter 4: Improving the App Search Capabilities -- Chapter 5: Making Maps

Anmerkung: Introduction ; Part 1 - The Big Idea ; Part 2 - Global Toolkit of Practices and Species ; Part 3 - Perennial Staple Crops ; Part 4 - Perennial Industrial Crops ; Part 5 - Road Map to Implementation

Anmerkung: Contents: 1 Introduction 1.1 The idea of the Representative Agent and his or her lifetime ; 2 Basic Real Business Cycle Model (RBC) ; 3 Basic New-Keynesian model (NK) ; 4 New-Keynesian model with sticky wages ; 5 New-Keynesian model with habit formation and non-ricardian agents ; 6 The New-Keynesian model with investment adjustment costs and variable capital utilization ; 7 New-Keynesian model with government ; References ; Appendices ; A Mathematical tools ; B Basic ideas about DSGE

Anmerkung: Beiträge teilweise deutsch, teilweise englisch

Anmerkung: Chapter 1. Introduction: An Overview of Crisis Communication -- Part I. The Role of Communication in Fostering Resilience or Fomenting Resistance -- Chapter 2. Revisiting Crisis Communication and Integrating Social Media -- Chapter 3. Polluted Discourse:  Communication and Myths in a Climate of Denial -- Chapter 4. Public Perceptions of Global Warming: Understanding Survey Differences -- Chapter 5. Building Interfaces that Work: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach to Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation -- Part II. Before Disaster: Prediction, Preparation and Crisis Communication -- Chapter 6. Fostering Resilience in the Face of an Uncertain Future: Using Scenarios Planning to Communicate Climate Change Risks and Collaboratively Develop Adaptation Strategies -- Chapter 7. Barriers to Using Climate Information: Challenges in Communicating Probabilistic Forecasts to Decision Makers -- Chapter 8. Modeling Climate-Sensitive Disease Risk: A Decision Support Tool for Public Health Services -- Chapter 9. Shallow Landslide Hazard Mapping for Davao Oriental, Philippines Using a Deterministic GIS Model -- Part III. Mitigating Circumstances: Communicating Through Change, Uncertainty, Disaster and Recovery -- Chapter 10. Comparative Analysis of Virtual Relief Networks and Communication Channels During Disaster Recovery After a Major Flood in Galena, Alaska, Spring 2013 -- Chapter 11. Development of the Stakeholders’ Engagement Plan as a Mining Social Responsibility Practice -- Chapter 12. Controlling Environmental Crisis Messages in Uncontrollable Media Environments: The 2011 Case of Blue-Green Algae on Grand Lake O’ the Cherokees, OK -- Chapter 13. Characteristics of Extreme Monsoon Floods and Local Land Use in the Lower Mekong Basin, Cambodia -- Chapter 14. The Value of Earth Observations: Methods and Findings on the Value of Landsat  Imagery -- Part IV. Learning Forward: Advancing Climate Change Science Among Diverse Audiences -- Chapter 15. Carbon Offsets in California: Science in the Policy Development Process -- Chapter 16. Fostering Educator Resilience: Engaging the Educational Community to Address the Natural Hazards of Climate Change -- Chapter 17. Communicating Uncertainty: A Challenge for Science Communication -- Chapter 18. Science Diplomacy in the Geosciences -- Chapter 19. Stormy Seas, Rising Risks: Assessing Undisclosed Risk from Sea Level Risk and Storm Surge at Coastal U.S. Oil Refineries..

Anmerkung: Contents: 1 Computing with Formulas. - 1.1 The First Programming Encounter: a Formula. - 1.1.1 Using a Program as a Calculator. - 1.1.2 About Programs and Programming. - 1.1.3 Tools for Writing Programs. - 1.1.4 Writing and Running Your First Python Program. - 1.1.5 Warning About Typing Program Text. - 1.1.6 Verifying the Result. - 1.1.7 Using Variables. - 1.1.8 Names of Variables. - 1.1.9 Reserved Words in Python. - 1.1.10 Comments. - 1.1.11 Formatting Text and Numbers. - 1.2 Computer Science Glossary. - 1.3 Another Formula: Celsius-Fahrenheit Conversion. - 1.3.1 Potential Error: Integer Division. - 1.3.2 Objects in Python. - 1.3.3 Avoiding Integer Division. - 1.3.4 Arithmetic Operators and Precedence. - 1.4 Evaluating Standard Mathematical Functions. - 1.4.1 Example: Using the Square Root Function. - 1.4.2 Example: Computing with sinh x. - 1.4.3 A First Glimpse of Rounding Errors. - 1.5 Interactive Computing. - 1.5.1 Using the Python Shell. - 1.5.2 Type Conversion. - 1.5.3 IPython. - 1.6 Complex Numbers. - 1.6.1 Complex Arithmetics in Python. - 1.6.2 Complex Functions in Python. - 1.6.3 Unified Treatment of Complex and Real Functions. - 1.7 Symbolic Computing. - 1.7.1 Basic Differentiation and Integration. - 1.7.2 Equation Solving. - 1.7.3 Taylor Series and More. - 1.8 Summary. - 1.8.1 Chapter Topics. - 1.8.2 Example: Trajectory of a Ball. - 1.8.3 About Typesetting Conventions in This Book. - 1.9 Exercises. - 2 Loops and Lists. - 2.1 While Loops. - 2.1.1 A Naive Solution. - 2.1.2 While Loops. - 2.1.3 Boolean Expressions. - 2.1.4 Loop Implementation of a Sum. - 2.2 Lists. - 2.2.1 Basic List Operations. - 2.2.2 For Loops. - 2.3 Alternative Implementations with Lists and Loops. - 2.3.1 While Loop Implementation of a for Loop. - 2.3.2 The Range Construction. - 2.3.3 For Loops with List Indices. - 2.3.4 Changing List Elements. - 2.3.5 List Comprehension. - 2.3.6 Traversing Multiple Lists Simultaneously. - 2.4 Nested Lists. - 2.4.1 A table as a List of Rows or Columns. - 2.4.2 Printing Objects. - 2.4.3 Extracting Sublists. - 2.4.4 Traversing Nested Lists. - 2.5 Tuples. - 2.6 Summary. - 2.6.1 Chapter Topics. - 2.6.2 Example: Analyzing List Data. - 2.6.3 How to Find More Python Information. - 2.7 Exercises. - 3 Functions and Branching. - 3.1 Functions. - 3.1.1 Mathematical Functions as Python Functions. - 3.1.2 Understanding the Program Flow. - 3.1.3 Local and Global Variables. - 3.1.4 Multiple Arguments. - 3.1.5 Function Argument or Global Variable?. - 3.1.6 Beyond Mathematical Functions. - 3.1.7 Multiple Return Values. - 3.1.8 Computing Sums. - 3.1.9 Functions with No Return Values. - 3.1.10 Keyword Arguments. - 3.1.11 Doc Strings. - 3.1.12 Functions as Arguments to Functions. - 3.1.13 The Main Program. - 3.1.14 Lambda Functions. - 3.2 Branching. - 3.2.1 If-else Blocks. - 3.2.2 Inline if Tests. - 3.3 Mixing Loops, Branching, and Functions in Bioinformatics Examples. - 3.3.1 Counting Letters in DNA Strings. - 3.3.2 Efficiency Assessment. - 3.3.3 Verifying the Implementations. - 3.4 Summary. - 3.4.1 Chapter Topics. - 3.4.2 Example: Numerical Integration. - 3.5 Exercises. - 4 User Input and Error Handling. - 4.1 Asking Questions and Reading Answers. - 4.1.1 Reading Keyboard Input. - 4.2 Reading from the Command Line. - 4.2.1 Providing Input on the Command Line. - 4.2.2 A Variable Number of Command-Line Arguments. - 4.2.3 More on Command-Line Arguments. - 4.3 Turning User Text into Live Objects. - 4.3.1 The Magic Eval Function. - 4.3.2 The Magic Exec Function. - 4.3.3 Turning String Expressions into Functions. - 4.4 Option-Value Pairs on the Command Line. - 4.4.1 Basic Usage of the Argparse Module. - 4.4.2 Mathematical Expressions as Values. - 4.5 Reading Data from File. - 4.5.1 Reading a File Line by Line. - 4.5.2 Alternative Ways of Reading a File. - 4.5.3 Reading a Mixture of Text and Numbers. - 4.6 Writing Data to File. - 4.6.1 Example: Writing a Table to File. - 4.6.2 Standard Input and Output as File Objects. - 4.6.3 What is a File, Really?. - 4.7 Handling Errors. - 4.7.1 Exception Handling. - 4.7.2 Raising Exceptions. - 4.8 A Glimpse of Graphical User Interfaces. - 4.9 Making Modules. - 4.9.1 Example: Interest on Bank Deposits. - 4.9.2 Collecting Functions in a Module File. - 4.9.3 Test Block. - 4.9.4 Verification of the Module Code. - 4.9.5 Getting Input Data. - 4.9.6 Doc Strings in Modules. - 4.9.7 Using Modules. - 4.9.8 Distributing Modules. - 4.9.9 Making Software Available on the Internet. - 4.10 Making Code for Python 2 and 3. - 4.10.1 Basic Differences Between Python 2 and 3. - 4.10.2 Turning Python 2 Code into Python 3 Code. - 4.11 Summary. - 4.11.1 Chapter Topics. - 4.11.2 Example: Bisection Root Finding. - 4.12 Exercises. - 5 Array Computing and Curve Plotting. - 5.1 Vectors. - 5.1.1 The Vector Concept. - 5.1.2 Mathematical Operations on Vectors. - 5.1.3 Vector Arithmetics and Vector Functions. - 5.2 Arrays in Python Programs. - 5.2.1 Using Lists for Collecting Function Data. - 5.2.2 Basics of Numerical Python Arrays. - 5.2.3 Computing Coordinates and Function Values. - 5.2.4 Vectorization. - 5.3 Curve Plotting. - 5.3.1 MATLAB-Style Plotting with Matplotlib. - 5.3.2 Matplotlib; Pyplot Prefix. - 5.3.3 SciTools and Easyviz. - 5.3.4 Making Animations. - 5.3.5 Making Videos. - 5.3.6 Curve Plots in Pure Text. - 5.4 Plotting Difficulties. - 5.4.1 Piecewisely Defined Functions. - 5.4.2 Rapidly Varying Functions. - 5.5 More Advanced Vectorization of Functions. - 5.5.1 Vectorization of StringFunction Objects. - 5.5.2 Vectorization of the Heaviside Function. - 5.5.3 Vectorization of a Hat Function. - 5.6 More on Numerical Python Arrays. - 5.6.1 Copying Arrays. - 5.6.2 In-Place Arithmetics. - 5.6.3 Allocating Arrays. - 5.6.4 Generalized Indexing. - 5.6.5 Testing for the Array Type. - 5.6.6 Compact Syntax for Array Generation. - 5.6.7 Shape Manipulation. - 5.7 High-Performance Computing with Arrays. - 5.7.1 Scalar Implementation. - 5.7.2 Vectorized Implementation. - 5.7.3 Memory-Saving Implementation. - 5.7.4 Analysis of Memory Usage. - 5.7.5 Analysis of the CPU Time. - 5.8 Higher-Dimensional Arrays. - 5.8.1 Matrices and Arrays. - 5.8.2 Two-Dimensional Numerical Python Arrays. - 5.8.3 Array Computing. - 5.8.4 Matrix Objects. - 5.9 Some Common Linear Algebra Operations. - 5.9.1 Inverse, Determinant, and Eigenvalues. - 5.9.2 Products. - 5.9.3 Norms. - 5.9.4 Sum and Extreme Values. - 5.9.5 Indexing. - 5.9.6 Transpose and Upper/Lower Triangular Parts. - 5.9.7 Solving Linear Systems. - 5.9.8 Matrix Row and Column Operations. - 5.9.9 Computing the Rank of a Matrix. - 5.9.10 Symbolic Linear Algebra. - 5.10 Plotting of Scalar and Vector Fields. - 5.10.1 Installation. - 5.10.2 Surface Plots. - 5.10.3 Parameterized Curve. - 5.10.4 Contour Lines. - 5.10.5 The Gradient Vector Field. - 5.11 Matplotlib. - 5.11.1 Surface Plots. - 5.11.2 Contour Plots. - 5.11.3 Vector Field Plots. - 5.12 Mayavi. - 5.12.1 Surface Plots. - 5.12.2 Contour Plots. - 5.12.3 Vector Field Plots. - 5.12.4 A 3D Scalar Field and Its Gradient Field. - 5.12.5 Animations. - 5.13 Summary. - 5.13.1 Chapter Topics. - 5.13.2 Example: Animating a Function. - 5.14 Exercises. - 6 Dictionaries and Strings. - 6.1 Dictionaries. - 6.1.1 Making Dictionaries. - 6.1.2 Dictionary Operations. - 6.1.3 Example: Polynomials as Dictionaries. - 6.1.4 Dictionaries with Default Values and Ordering. - 6.1.5 Example: Storing File Data in Dictionaries. - 6.1.6 Example: Storing File Data in Nested Dictionaries. - 6.1.7 Example: Reading and Plotting Data Recorded at Specific Dates. - 6.2 Strings. - 6.2.1 Common Operations on Strings. - 6.2.2 Example: Reading Pairs of Numbers. - 6.2.3 Example: Reading Coordinates. - 6.3 Reading Data fromWeb Pages. - 6.3.1 About Web Pages. - 6.3.2 How to Access Web Pages

Anmerkung: Table of Contents Abstract Kurzfassung Abbreviations and nomenclature 1. Introduction 2. Scientific Background 2.1. Permafrost 2.2.Retrogressive Thaw Slumps 2.3. Inputs of Freshwater, Sediment and Carbon into the Canadian Beaufort Sea 3. Study Area 3.1. Regional Setting: Yukon Coast and Herschel Island 3.2. Retrogressive Thaw Slumps 4. Material and Methods 4.1. Field Work 4.1.1. Terrain Photography 4.1.2. Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) 4.1.3. Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 4.1.4. Micrometeorology 4.1.5. Discharge Measurement 4.1.6. Multiple Regression-Statistical Relationships between Micrometeorological Variables and Discharge 4.1.7. Sampling 4.2. Laboratory Analyses 4.2.1. Sedimentological Analyses 4.2.2. Hydrochemical Analyses 4.3. Fluxes of Sediment and (In-) Organic Matter 5. Results 5.1. Field Work 5.1.1. Terrain Photography 5.1.2. Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) 5.1.3. Light Detecting And Ranging (LiDAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 5.1.4. Micrometeorology 5.1.5. Discharge 5.1.6. Multiple Regression - Statistical Relationships between Micrometeorology and Discharge 5.2. Laboratory Analyses 5.2.1. Sedimentological Analyses 5.2.2. Hydrochemical Analyses 5.3. Fluxes of Sediment-meltwater 6. Discussion 6.1. Microclimatological and Geomorphological Factors Controlling Discharge 6.1.1. Diurnal Variations 6.1.2. Seasonal Variations 6.2. Contribution of Retrogressive Thaw Slumps to the Sediment Budget of the Yukon Coast 6.2.1. Origin of Outflow Material 6.2.2. Slump D in the Regional Context 6.2.3. Seasonal Sediment Budget Compilation for Slump D 6.2.4. Retrogressive Thaw Slump Occurrence along the Yukon Coast 6.2.5. Input to the Beaufort Sea 6.3. Projected Climatic Change and its Impact on Retrogressive Thaw Slump Outflow 6.4. Uncertainties and Limitations 6.5. Future Research 7. Conclusion 8. Appendix 8.1. Field Work 8.1.1. Slump D's northern headwall profile 8.1.2. Collinson Head slump 8.1.3. Herschel Island West Coast slump 8.1.4. Roland Bay slump 8.1.5. Kay Point slump 8.2. Laboratory Work 8.2.1. Volumetric Ice Content 8.2.2. Grain Size 8.3. Evolution of Slump D 8.3.1. Geo Eye satellite of Slump D 8.3.2. Aerial Oblique Photography of Slump D 8.3.3. LiDAR of Slump D 8.3.4. Time Lapse Photography of Slump D's Headwall 9. References 10. Financial and technical support 11. Acknowledgement - Danksagung

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface -- Part I Disaster Chain -- 1 Carbonized Terra: Paradox of Civilization -- 2 The Fukushima Nuclear Catastrophe: Systemic Breakdown and Pathology -- 3 Our Stolen Sustainability: Contamination by Environmental Hormones -- Part II Organizational Accidents -- 4 Crime or Punishment: Brakeless Accidents without Compliance and Governance -- 5 Lost Trust: Socio-biological Hazard: from AIDS Pandemic to Viral Outbreaks -- 6 Boiling Globe: Cumulative Thermal Effluent from the World’s 441 Nuclear Reactors over 40 years -- Part III Science of Crises -- 7 Escape from Disaster: Invisible Informatics of Risks and Crises -- 8 Crisis Sciences for Sustainability beyond the Limits of Management and Policy -- 9 Remaking Eco-civilization by Sustainable Decision-making -- Bibliography -- Index

Anmerkung: Table of Contents: Environmental changes in the Arctic: an Italian perspective / David Cappelletti, Roberto Azzolini, Leonardo Langone, Stefano Ventura, Angelo Viola, Stefano Aliani, Vito Vitale & Enrico Brugnoli Atmospheric observations at the Amundsen-Nobile Climate Change Tower in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard / Mauro Mazzola, Angelo Pietro Viola, Christian Lanconelli & Vito Vitale On turbulence characteristics at Ny-Ålesund–Svalbard / Francesco Tampieri, Angelo Pietro Viola, Mauro Mazzola & Armando Pelliccioni Variability features associated with ozone column and surface UV irradiance observed over Svalbard from 2008 to 2014 / Boyan H. Petkov, Vito Vitale, Mauro Mazzola, Angelo Lupi, Christian Lanconelli, Angelo Viola & Maurizio Busetto Air-snow exchange of reactive nitrogen species at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (Arctic) / Antonietta Ianniello, Francesca Spataro, Rosamaria Salvatori, Mauro Valt, Marianna Nardino, Mats P. Björkman, Giulio Esposito & Mauro Montagnoli Size distribution and ion composition of aerosol collected at Ny-Ålesund in the spring–summer field campaign 2013 / F. Giardi, S. Becagli, R. Traversi, D. Frosini, M. Severi, L. Caiazzo, C. Ancillotti, D. Cappelletti, B. Moroni, M. Grotti, A. Bazzano, A. Lupi, M. Mazzola, V. Vitale, O. Abollino, L. Ferrero, E. Bolzacchini, A. Viola & R. Udisti Multi-seasonal ultrafine aerosol particle number concentration measurements at the Gruvebadet observatory, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Islands / Angelo Lupi, Maurizio Busetto, Silvia Becagli, Fabio Giardi, Christian Lanconelli, Mauro Mazzola, Roberto Udisti, Hans-Christen Hansson, Tabea Henning, Boyan Petkov, Johan Ström, Radovan Krejci, Peter Tunved, Angelo Pietro Viola & Vito Vitale Elemental and lead isotopic composition of atmospheric particulate measured in the Arctic region (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Islands) / Andrea Bazzano, Francisco Ardini, Marco Grotti, Mery Malandrino, Agnese Giacomino, Ornella Abollino, David Cappelletti, Silvia Becagli, Rita Traversi & Roberto Udisti Sulfate source apportionment in the Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands) Arctic aerosol / Roberto Udisti, Andrea Bazzano, Silvia Becagli, Ezio Bolzacchini, Laura Caiazzo, David Cappelletti, Luca Ferrero, Daniele Frosini, Fabio Giardi, Marco Grotti, Angelo Lupi, Mery Malandrino, Mauro Mazzola, Beatrice Moroni, Mirko Severi, Rita Traversi, Angelo Viola & Vito Vitale Water-soluble trace, rare earth elements and organic compounds in Arctic aerosol / Clara Turetta, Roberta Zangrando, Elena Barbaro, Jacopo Gabrieli, Elisa Scalabrin, Piero Zennaro, Andrea Gambaro, Giuseppa Toscano & Carlo Barbante AGAP: an atmospheric gondola for aerosol profiling / Mauro Mazzola, Maurizio Busetto, Luca Ferrero, Angelo Pietro Viola & David Cappelletti Local vs. long-range sources of aerosol particles upon Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands): mineral chemistry and geochemical records / Beatrice Moroni, David Cappelletti, Luca Ferrero, Stefano Crocchianti, Maurizio Busetto, Mauro Mazzola, Silvia Becagli, Rita Traversi & Roberto Udisti Snowpack characteristics of Brøggerhalvøya, Svalbard Islands / Mauro Valt & Rosamaria Salvatori Continuous monitoring of spectral albedo of snowed surfaces in Ny-Ålesund / Roberto Salzano, Christian Lanconelli, Rosamaria Salvatori, Giulio Esposito & Vito Vitale Evolution of the Svalbard annual snow layer during the melting phase / Andrea Spolaor, Elena Barbaro, Jean Marc Christille, Torben Kirchgeorg, Fabio Giardi, David Cappelletti, Clara Turetta, Andrea Bernagozzi, Mats P. Björkman, Enzo Bertolini & Carlo Barbante Characterization of seawater properties and ocean heat content in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Archipelago / Stefano Aliani, Roberta Sciascia, Ilaria Conese, Alessandra D’Angelo, Fabrizio Del Bianco, Federico Giglio, Leonardo Langone & Stefano Miserocchi Gas hydrate stability zone in shallow Arctic Ocean in presence of sub-sea permafrost / Umberta Tinivella & Michela Giustiniani A numerical algorithm for the assessment of the conjecture of a subglacial lake tested at Amundsenisen, Svalbard / Daniela Mansutti, Edoardo Bucchignani & Piotr Glowacki Trace elements in marine particulate and surface sediments of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Islands / Francisco Ardini, Andrea Bazzano, Paola Rivaro, Francesco Soggia, Amanda Terol & Marco Grotti Stable isotopes and digital elevation models to study nutrient inputs in high-arctic lakes / Edoardo Calizza, Maria Letizia Costantini, David Rossi, Vittorio Pasquali, Giulio Careddu & Loreto Rossi Legacy and emergent POPs in the marine fauna of NE Greenland with special emphasis on the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus / Simonetta Corsolini, Karla Pozo & Jørgen S. Christiansen Body size-related constraints on the movement behaviour of the arctic notostracan Lepidurus arcticus (Pallas, 1973) under laboratory conditions / Giorgio Mancinelli & Vittorio Pasquali Geomorphological features of the Kongsfjorden area: Ny-Ålesund, Blomstrandøya (NW Svalbard, Norway) / Enrico Miccadei, Tommaso Piacentini & Claudio Berti Quantification of fracturing within fault damage zones affecting Late Proterozoic carbonates in Svalbard / Paola Cianfarra & F. Salvini Towards a calibration laboratory in Ny-Ålesund / Chiara Musacchio, Andrea Merlone, Angelo Viola, Vito Vitale & Marion Maturilli Development of an automatic sampler for extreme polar environments: first in situ application in Svalbard Islands / Giuseppe Zappalà, Gabriele Bruzzone, Gabriella Caruso & Maurizio Azzaro Isolation and degradation potential of a cold-adapted oil/PAH-degrading marine bacterial consortium from Kongsfjorden (Arctic region) / Francesca Crisafi, Laura Giuliano, Michail M. Yakimov, Maurizio Azzaro & Renata Denaro

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Permanent Versus Temporary Threshold Shifts and the Effects of Hair Cell Versus Neuronal Degeneration / M. Charles Liberman 2 Modeled and Measured Underwater Sound Isopleths and Implications for Marine Mammal Mitigation in Alaska / Lisanne A.M. Aerts and Bill Streever 3 Peer-Reviewed Studies on the Effects of Anthropogenic Noise on Marine Invertebrates: From Scallop Larvae to Giant Squid / Natacha Aguilar de Soto 4 Sources of Underwater Sound and Their Characterization / Michael A. Ainslie and Christ A.F. de Jong 5 Assessment of Marine Mammal Impact Zones for Use of Military Sonar in the Baltic Sea / Mathias H. Andersson and Torbjörn Johansson 6 Contribution to the Understanding of Particle Motion Perception in Marine Invertebrates / Michel André, Kenzo Kaifu, Marta Solé, Mike van der Schaar, Tomonari Akamatsu, Andreu Balastegui, Antonio M. Sánchez, and Joan V. Castell 7 Functional Morphology and Symmetry in the Odontocete Ear Complex / William Ary, Ted W. Cranford, Annalisa Berta, and Petr Krysl 8 A Low-Cost Open-Source Acoustic Recorder for Bioacoustics Research / John Atkins and Mark Johnson 9 Assessment of Impulsive and Continuous Low- Frequency Noise in Irish Waters / Suzanne Beck, Joanne O’Brien, Simon Berrow, Ian O’Connor, and Dave Wall 10 Is the Venice Lagoon Noisy? First Passive Listening Monitoring of the Venice Lagoon: Possible Effects on the Typical Fish Community / Marta Bolgan, Marta Picciulin, Antonio Codarin, Riccardo Fiorin, Matteo Zucchetta, and Stefano Malavasi 11 Effect of Pile-Driving Sounds on the Survival of Larval Fish / Loes J. Bolle, Christ A.F. de Jong, Stijn M. Bierman, Pieter J.G. van Beek, Peter W. Wessels, Ewout Blom, Cindy J.G. van Damme, Hendrik V. Winter, and René P.A. Dekeling 12 Challenge of Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring in High-Energy Environments: UK Tidal Environments and Other Case Studies / Cormac G. Booth 13 Hearing Mechanisms and Noise Metrics Related to Auditory Masking in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) / Brian K. Branstetter, Kimberly L. Bakhtiari, Jennifer S. Trickey, and James J. Finneran 14 Effects of Hatchery Rearing on the Structure and Function of Salmonid Mechanosensory Systems / Andrew D. Brown, Joseph A. Sisneros, Tyler Jurasin, and Allison B. Coffin 15 Effects of Impulsive Pile-Driving Exposure on Fishes / Brandon M. Casper, Thomas J. Carlson, Michele B. Halvorsen, and Arthur N. Popper 16 Review of the Effects of Offshore Seismic Surveys in Cetaceans: Are Mass Strandings a Possibility? / Manuel Castellote and Carlos Llorens 17 Addressing Challenges in Studies of Behavioral Responses of Whales to Noise / Douglas H. Cato, Rebecca A. Dunlop, Michael J. Noad, Robert D. McCauley, Eric Kniest, David Paton, and Ailbhe S. Kavanagh 18 Measurements of Operational Wind Turbine Noise in UK Waters / Samuel Cheesman 19 A Bioenergetics Approach to Understanding the Population Consequences of Disturbance: Elephant Seals as a Model System / Daniel P. Costa, Lisa Schwarz, Patrick Robinson, Robert S. Schick, Patricia A. Morris, Richard Condit, Daniel E. Crocker, and A. Marm Kilpatrick 20 Singing Fish in an Ocean of Noise: Effects of Boat Noise on the Plainfin Midshipman (Porichthys notatus) in a Natural Ecosystem / Sarika Cullis-Suzuki 21 Detection of Complex Sounds in Quiet Conditions by Seals and Sea Lions / Kane A. Cunningham, Brandon L. Southall, and Colleen Reichmuth 22 Offshore Dredger Sounds: Source Levels, Sound Maps, and Risk Assessment / Christ A.F. de Jong, Michael A. Ainslie, Floor Heinis, and Jeroen Janmaat 23 Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on the Early Life Stages of Dicentrarchus labrax / Elisabeth Debusschere, Bert de Coensel, Sofie Vandendriessche, Dick Botteldooren, Kris Hostens, Magda Vincx, and Steven Degraer 24 The European Marine Strategy: Noise Monitoring in European Marine Waters from 2014 / René Dekeling, Mark Tasker, Michael Ainslie, Mathias Andersson, Michel André, Fabrizio Borsani, Karsten Brensing, Manuel Castellote, John Dalen, Thomas Folegot, Sandra van der Graaf, Russell Leaper, Alexander Liebschner, Jukka Pajala, Stephen Robinson, Peter Sigray, Gerry Sutton, Frank Thomsen, Stefanie Werner, Dietrich Wittekind, and John V. Young 25 Potential Population Consequences of Active Sonar Disturbance in Atlantic Herring: Estimating the Maximum Risk / Lise Doksæter Sivle, Petter Helgevold Kvadsheim, and Michael Ainslie 26 Fulfilling EU Laws to Ensure Marine Mammal Protection During Marine Renewable Construction Operations in Scotland / Sarah J. Dolman, Mick Green, Sarah Gregerson, and Caroline R. Weir 27 Expert Elicitation Methods in Quantifying the Consequences of Acoustic Disturbance from Offshore Renewable Energy Developments / Carl Donovan, John Harwood, Stephanie King, Cormac Booth, Bruno Caneco, and Cameron Walker 28 Masking Experiments in Humans and Birds Using Anthropogenic Noises / Robert J. Dooling and Sandra H. Blumenrath 29 Documenting and Assessing Dolphin Calls and Ambient and Anthropogenic Noise Levels via PAM and a SPL Meter / Kathleen M. Dudzinski, Kelly Melillo-Sweeting, and Justin D. Gregg 30 Soundscapes and Larval Settlement: Larval Bivalve Responses to Habitat-Associated Underwater Sounds / David B. Eggleston, Ashlee Lillis, and DelWayne R. Bohnenstiehl 31 Characterizing Marine Soundscapes / Christine Erbe, Robert McCauley, and Alexander Gavrilov 32 Pile-Driving Noise Impairs Antipredator Behavior of the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax / Kirsty A. Everley, Andrew N. Radford, and Stephen D. Simpson 33 Using Reaction Time and Equal Latency Contours to Derive Auditory Weighting Functions in Sea Lions and Dolphins / James J. Finneran, Jason Mulsow, and Carolyn E. Schlundt 34 Does Primary Productivity Turn Up the Volume? Exploring the Relationship Between Chlorophyll a and the Soundscape of Coral Reefs in the Pacific / Pollyanna I. Fisher-Pool, Marc O. Lammers, Jamison Gove, and Kevin B. Wong 35 Expert Elicitation of Population-Level Effects of Disturbance / Erica Fleishman, Mark Burgman, Michael C. Runge, Robert S. Schick, and Scott Kraus 36 Current Status of Development of Methods to Assess Effects of Cumulative or Aggregated Underwater Sounds on Marine Mammals / Erica Fleishman, Bill Streever, Robyn Angliss, Christopher W. Clark, William T. Ellison, Adam Frankel, Jason Gedamke, Matthias Leu, Megan McKenna, Roberto Racca, Samantha Simmons, and Robert Suydam 37 Seismic Survey Footprints in Irish Waters: A Starting Point for Effective Mitigation / Thomas Folegot, Dominique Clorennec, Gerald Sutton, and Mark Jessopp 38 Stochastic Modeling of Behavioral Response to Anthropogenic Sounds / Adam S. Frankel, William T. Ellison, Kathleen J. Vigness-Raposa, Jennifer L. Giard, and Brandon L. Southall 39 Underwater Sound Levels at a Wave Energy Device Testing Facility in Falmouth Bay, UK / Joanne K. Garrett, Matthew J. Witt, and Lars Johanning 40 Predicting Anthropogenic Noise Contributions to US Waters / Jason Gedamke, Megan Ferguson, Jolie Harrison, Leila Hatch, Laurel Henderson, Michael B. Porter, Brandon L. Southall, and Sofie Van Parijs 41 Auditory Sensitivity and Masking Profiles for the Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris) / Asila Ghoul and Colleen Reichmuth 42 Are Masking-Based Models of Risk Useful? / Robert C. Gisiner 43 “Large” Tank Acoustics: How Big Is Big Enough? / Michael D. Gray, Peter H. Rogers, Arthur N. Popper, Anthony D. Hawkins, and Richard R. Fay 44 High-Resolution Analysis of Seismic Air Gun Impulses and Their Reverberant Field as Contributors to an Acoustic Environment / Melania Guerra, Peter J. Dugan, Dimitri W. Ponirakis, Marian Popescu, Yu Shiu, Aaron N. Rice, and Christopher W. Clark 45 Underwater Sound Propagation Modeling Methods for Predicting Marine Animal Exposure / Craig A. Hamm, Diana F. McCammon, and Martin L. Taillefer 46 Investigating the Effect of Tones and Frequency Sweeps on the Collective Behavior of Penned Herring (Clupea harengus) / Nils Olav Handegard, Kevin Boswell, Alex de Robertis, Gavin John

Anmerkung: Contents Part I Unraveling Microbial Diversity and Their Processes Phagotrophic Protists: Central Roles in Microbial Food Webs / Evelyn B. Sherr and Barry F. Sherr Overview Protists as Elemental Recyclers Protists as Consumers of Bacteria Protists as Consumers of Phytoplankton Protists in High Latitude Food Webs Looking to the Future References Drivers That Structure Biodiversity in the Plankton / Tatiana A. Rynearson and Susanne Menden-Deuer Plankton Biodiversity Alternate Hypotheses That Explain the Paradox of the Plankton An Organismal Perspective on the Paradox of the Plankton: A Biodiversity Explosion from Within? Linking Individual Level Behaviors with Plankton Ecology Pervasive Intra-specific Variability in the Genetic Diversity, Physiological Capacity, and Behavioral Repertoire of Plankton Evolution: Generating and Structuring Diversity over the Long Term Opportunities for Progress References The Elongated, the Squat and the Spherical: Selective Pressures for Phytoplankton Shape / Lee Karp-Boss and Emmanuel Boss Introduction Effects of Shape on Diffusion Other Selective Pressures References Crossing the Freshwater/Saline Barrier: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Bacteria Inhabiting Both Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems / Mina Bižić-Ionescu and Danny Ionescu Introduction Recent Data on Shared Taxa Synthesis of Published Sequence Data Future Perspectives References Approaches and Challenges for Linking Marine Biogeochemical Models with the “Omics” Revolution / Victoria J. Coles and Raleigh R. Hood Introduction Bridging the Cultural and Structural Divide Relating Existing Omics to Current Biogeochemical Models Near-Term Innovation Conclusions References Part II Viewing Growth and Trophodynamics Through a Stoichiometric Lens Out of Africa and into Stoichiometry / Susan S. Kilham and Peter Kilham References Exploring the Implications of the Stoichiometric Modulation of Planktonic Predation / Aditee Mitra and Kevin J. Flynn Introduction Characterising the Predator–Prey Stoichiometric Link Elemental Stoichiometry and Commercial Microalgal Production Effects of Temperature, Ocean Acidification and Nutrient Excess Avoiding Predation Stoichiometry and Mixotrophy Conclusions References . Part III Understanding the Mysteries of Light and Nitrogen On Saturating Response Curves from the Dual Perspectives of Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism / Todd M. Kana and Patricia M. Glibert Introduction Static vs. Dynamic Behavior Gradient Signals and Dynamics of Response Curves Overall Perspective on Dynamic Kinetics References Nitrate Reductase: A Nexus of Disciplines, Organisms, and Metabolism / Erica B. Young and John A. Berges Introduction Why Nitrate Reductase? Understanding That Has Emerged from Recent NR Measurements Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges Conclusion References The Ammonium Paradox of an Urban High- Nutrient Low-Growth Estuary / Frances Wilkerson and Richard Dugdale High-Nutrient Low-Growth Estuaries and Oligotrophication Observation of an Ammonium Paradox Ammonium: The Gatekeeper Controlling Access to Nitrate References Why Is Planktonic Nitrogen Fixation So Rare in Coastal Marine Ecosystems? Insights from a Cross-Systems Approach / Roxanne Marino and Robert W. Howarth References Where Light and Nutrients Collide: The Global Distribution and Activity of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers / Greg M. Silsbe and Sairah Y. Malkin At the Confluence of Light and Nutrients Distribution of Marine SCMLs Phytoplankton Production in SCMLs Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers in Lakes References Part IV Looking in the Rear View Mirror: The Long View on Changing Ecosystems An Ecosystem in Transition: The Emergence of Mixotrophy in the Arabian Sea / Joaquim I. Goes and Helga do R. Gomes Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion References The Saint Lawrence Island Polynya: A 25-Year Evaluation of an Analogue for Climate Change in Polar Regions / Jacqueline M. Grebmeier and Lee W. Cooper Introduction Synthesis Results and Discussion The Northern Bering Sea: Interannual Variability and Change Benthivores Overall Summary References Ecological Processes and Nutrient Transfers from Land to Sea: A 25-Year Perspective on Research and Management of the Seine River System / Josette Garnier and Gilles Billen Introduction 1850–1990: Organic Pollution and Oxygen 1990–2000: Eutrophication and Algal Bloom 2000–2015: Agricultural Pollution and Nitrate Contamination Conclusion: From Microbial Ecology to Territorial Biogeochemistry References A Historical Perspective on Eutrophication in the Pensacola Bay Estuary, FL, USA / Jane M. Caffrey and Michael C. Murrell Introduction Pensacola Bay Physical Setting Human Colonization of Pensacola Bay River and Estuarine Water Quality Controls on Primary Production, Organic Matter, and Nutrient Cycling Summary References Unpublished Reports Websites Meeting in the Middle: On the Interactions Between Microalgae and Their Predators or Zooplankton and Their Food / Karen H. Wiltshire and Maarten Boersma Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion References Lake Transparency: A Window into Decadal Variations in Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations in Lakes of Acadia National Park, Maine / Collin Roesler and Charles Culbertson Introduction Methods Results Discussion References Part V Focusing on Unique Systems, Processes and Dynamics Phytoplankton Biodiversity in the Oligotrophic Northwestern Sargasso Sea / James L. Pinckney and Tammi L. Richardson Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion References Biological Oceanography of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia: A Review / Peter C. Rothlisberg and Michele A. Burford Introduction Study Area Currents and Hydrography Phytoplankton and the Role of Nutrients Zooplankton Penaeid Prawn Larval Ecology Larval Dispersal Mechanisms Summary Points References Discerning the Causes of Toxic Cyanobacteria (Lyngbya majuscula) Blooms in Moreton Bay, Australia / Judith M. O’Neil and William C. Dennison Introduction Nutrient Interactions Light Interactions Conceptual Model Broader Significance References Copepod, Ctenophore, and Schyphomedusae Control in Structuring the Chesapeake Bay Summer Mesohaline Planktonic Food Web / Kevin G. Sellner and Stella G. Sellner Introduction Methods Results and Discussion References Microbiogeochemical Ecophysiology of Freshwater Hydrothermal Vents in Mary Bay Canyon, Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park WY / Carmen Aguilar and Russell Cuhel Introduction Methods Big Picture Outcomes Closing Remarks References Index

Anmerkung: Contents Part I Plenary Talk 1 Putting Sensory Back into Voluntary Motor Control / Stephen H. Scott 2 Is Visual Processing in Primates Strictly Hierarchical? / Mark A.G. Eldridge, Samarth Chandra and Barry J. Richmond 3 Self-organization of a Second Kind: General Scope and a Cortical Case Study / Ichiro Tsuda 4 Toward Autonomous Intelligence: From Active 3D Vision to Invariant Object and Scene Learning, Recognition, and Search / Stephen Grossberg 5 The Cognitive Control of Goal-Directed Action: How Predictive Learning Affects Choice / Bernard W. Balleine 6 Functional Connectivity Mapping of Decision-Making in Drosophila Melanogaster / Aike Guo, Ke Zhang, Q.Z. Ren, H.F. Su and N.N. Chen 7 Neurodynamics of Decision-Making—A Computational Approach / Azadeh Hassannejad Nazir and Hans Liljenström 8 Brain Pattern Analysis Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Dewen Hu 9 Dopamine Prediction Errors and the Relativity of Value / Masamichi Sakagami and Shingo Tanaka 10 The Neural Mechanism of Direction- and Orientation-Selective Neurons for Processing Direction, Speed, and Axis of Motion in Early Visual Cortices / Hongliang Gong, Xu An, Liling Qian, Jiapeng Yin, Yiliang Lu and Wei Wang Part II Neural Dynamics in Motor and Sensory Systems 11 Stability and Flexibility During Human Motor Control / Taishin Nomura, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Chunjiang Fu, Naoya Yoshikawa, Ken Kiyono, Maura Casadio and Pietro Morasso 12 Context-Dependent Human Motor Memories: Function, Implementation, and Manipulation / Daichi Nozaki 13 A Model of Gait Cycle Variability During Human Walking / Chunjiang Fu, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Ken Kiyono and Taishin Nomura 14 Coordinate Systems in the Motor System: Computational Modeling and EEG Experiment / Hirokazu Tanaka, Makoto Miyakoshi and Scott Makeig 15 Simulation Study on Neuromuscular Model-Inspired Control Strategy for Variable Stiffness Actuators / Jun Zhu, Yu Wang and Heng Cao 16 Changes in the Inner Gene Expression of Lateral Olivocochlear Receptors After the Loss of the Descending Cortical Pathway / Miguel A. Merchan, Veronica Lamas and Jose Manuel Juiz 17 Effect of Parvalbumin Deficiency on Distributed Activity and Interactions in Neural Circuits Activated by Instrumental Learning / Agnès Gruart, José Maria Delgado-García and Alessandra Lintas 18 Dynamic Patterns of Cortical Activation During Different Types of Learning Tasks and Unpredictable Situations / José M. Delgado-García, Raudel Sánchez-Campusano, Iván Fernández-Lamo and Agnès Gruart 19 The Application of Spatiotemporal Energy Model in the Simulation of Population Responses in Early Visual Cortices / Yiliang Lu, Xu An, Hongliang Gong and Wei Wang 20 Aspect Ratio of the Receptive Field Makes a Major Contribution to the Bandwidth of Orientation Selectivity in Cat V1 / Tao Xu, Ming Li, Ke Chen, Ling Wang and Hong-Mei Yan 21 Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis of Spontaneous EEG Recordings in Rats After Chronic Spinal Cord Injury / Pu Jiangbo, Xu Hanhui, Wang Yazhou, Cui Hongyan and Hu Yong Part III Interactive Dynamics in Cognitive Functions 22 Causality in Neuroscience and Its Limitations: Bottom-up, Top-down, and Round-About / Hans A. Braun 23 Decisions and Downward Causation in Neural Systems / Hans Liljenström and Azadeh Hassannejad Nazir 24 Top-down and/or Bottom-up Causality: The Notion of Relatedness in the Human Brain / Kim C. Wende and Andreas Jansen 25 Overviewing Causality or Over-Interpreting Noise: Is Modern Neuroscience Shaping Our View of the Human Mind? / Kim C. Wende and Andreas Jansen 26 Theoretical Models of Decision-Making in the Ultimatum Game: Fairness vs. Reason / Tatiana V. Guy, Miroslav Kárný, Alessandra Lintas and Alessandro E.P. Villa 27 Dynamic Interactions in Prefrontal Functional Connectivity During Adolescence / Xin Zhou, Emilio Salinas, Terrence R. Stanford and Christos Constantinidis 28 Causal Interaction Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum Estimated by Granger Causality / Xiaochuan Pan, Rubin Wang and Masamichi Sakagami 29 Two Strategies for Interactive Planning / Jiro Okuda 30 TMS-EEG for Probing Distinct Modes of Neural Dynamics in the Human Brain / Keiichi Kitajo and Yuka O. Okazaki 31 Estimating Information Transmission Time Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum by Transfer Entropy / Kaidi Shao, Xiaochuan Pan and Rubin Wang 32 Reward-Modulated Functional Connectivity Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum / Yan Zhang, Xiaochuan Pan and Rubin Wang 33 On the Role of Intrinsic Rewards in Communication / Jan Lauwereyns and Shizuka Sakurai Lauwereyns Part IV Neural Dynamics in Hippocampus 34 Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents Synaptic Plasticity from Vascular Dementia-Induced Damage via Inhibiting Autophagy on Rats / Chunhua Liu, Tao Zhang and Zhuo Yang 35 The Impact of Nasal Copper Nanoparticle Exposure on Rats’ Synaptic Plasticity and Spatial Cognition / Ye Liu, Wei Guan, Jinzhe Liu and Zhuo Yang 36 Theta Phase Time-Delayed Modulating Low Gamma Amplitude in Hippocampal CA3–CA1 Network / Chenguang Zheng, Qun Li, Yiyi Wang and Tao Zhang 37 Roles of DA and 5-HT in Modulating Neural Oscillatory Synchronization / Chenguang Zheng and Tao Zhang 38 Dynamic Information Routing in the Hippocampus / Hiroshi Nishida, Muneyoshi Takahashi and Jan Lauwereyns 39 Rule Switching Affects Cross-Frequency Couplings in Rat Hippocampus / Tomoaki Nakazono, Susumu Takahashi and Yoshio Sakurai Part V Imaging Cognitive Networks 40 Functional Connectivity Analysis of Cognitive Reappraisal Using Sparse Spectral Clustering Method / Ling Zou, Yi Xu, Zhongyi Jiang, Zhuqing Jiao, Changjie Pan and Renlai Zhou 41 Theta Coupling in the Human EEG During the Control of Bottom-up and Top-down Attention / Dandan Zhao and Ling Li 42 Phase-Dependent Alteration of Functional Connectivity Density During Face Recognition in the Infra-slow Frequency Range / Yifeng Wang, Feng Liu, Xiujuan Jing, Zhiliang Long and Huafu Chen 43 The Supramodal Brain Network for the Recognition of Faces and Bodies: Is Visual Experience Necessary for the Development of High-Order Visual Cortices? / Ryo Kitada 44 Over-Complete Analysis for Resting-State fMRI Data / Ruiyang Ge, Li Yao, Hang Zhang, Xia Wu and Zhiying Long 45 Decoding Brain States with Simulated Microgravity from Baseline Using Functional Connectivity of Default Network / Ling-Li Zeng, Yang Liao, Hui Shen, Xufeng Liu and Dewen Hu 46 Experimental Studies on the Contralateral Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow Using a Patient-Specific Aneurysm Model / Lizhong Mu, Ying He, Junyuan Chen, Xunjie Yu, Jianhui Wei, Changjin Ji and Jiaqi Lv 47 A Robust Coherence-Based Brain Connectivity Method with an Application to EEG Recordings / Jiaqing Yan, Jianbin Wen, Yinghua Wang, Xianzeng Liu and Xiaoli Li Part VI Advanced Brain Computer Interaction 48 Robust Averaging of Covariance Matrices by Riemannian Geometry for Motor-Imagery Brain–Computer Interfacing / Takashi Uehara, Toshihisa Tanaka and Simone Fiori 49 Vibrotactile Brain–Computer Interface with Error-Detecting Codes / Sittipong Apichartstaporn, Kitsuchart Pasupa and Yoshikazu Washizawa 50 Sparse Support Vector Machine for Simultaneous Feature Selection and Classification in Motor-Imagery-Based BCI / Yu Zhang, Yu Wang, Jing Jin and Xingyu Wang 51 QEEG Coherence Evaluation for Soccer Performance Level Analysis of the Striker / Kittichai Tharawadeepimuk and Yodchanan Wongsawat 52 BCI-Based Mobile Phone Using SSVEP Techniques / Dongsheng Wang, Toshiki Kobayashi, Gaochao Cui, Daishi Watabe and Jianting Cao 53 Two-Step Input Spatial Auditory BCI for Japanese Kana Characters / Moonjeong Chang and Tomasz M. Rutkowski 54 Resting-State Long-Range Functional Connectivity Density Reveals Sensorimotor Rhythm-Based BCI Performance Variations / Rui Zhang, Tao Zhang, Teng Ma, Fali Li, Dezhong Yao and Peng Xu 55 On the Correlations of Motor Imagery of Swallow with Motor Imagery of Tongue Movements and Actual Swallow / Huijuan Yang, Cuntai Guan, Chuan Chu Wang, Kai Keng Ang, Kok Soon Phua, See San Chok, Christina Ka Yin Tang and Karen Sui Geok Chua

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Introduction / Harald Heinrichs, Arnim Wiek, Pim Martens, and Gerd Michelsen 2 Sustainable Development – Background and Context / Gerd Michelsen, Maik Adomßent, Pim Martens, and Michael von Hauff 3 Transformational Sustainability Research Methodology / Arnim Wiek and Daniel J. Lang 4 Green and Sustainable Chemistry / Klaus Kümmerer and James Clark 5 Sustainability and Ecosystems / Henrik von Wehrden, Goddert von Oheimb, David J. Abson, and Werner Härdtle 6 Sustainability Assessment of Technologies / Sjouke Beemsterboer and René Kemp 7 Corporate Sustainability Management / Stefan Schaltegger, Erik G. Hansen, and Heiko Spitzeck 8 Sustainable Development in Economics / Michael von Hauff 9 Sustainable Development and Law / Marjan Peeters and Thomas Schomerus 10 Finance and Sustainability / Olaf Weber 11 Sustainability: Politics and Governance / Harald Heinrichs and Frank Biermann 12 Sustainability Communication / Daniel Fischer, Gesa Lüdecke, Jasmin Godemann, Gerd Michelsen, Jens Newig, Marco Rieckmann, and Daniel Schulz 13 Sustainability and Science Policy / Uwe Schneidewind, Mandy Singer-Brodowksi, and Karoline Augenstein 14 Justice and Sustainability / Sonja Klinsky and Aaron Golub 15 Sustainability Ethics / Nils Ole Oermann and Annika Weinert 16 Ocean Space and Sustainability / Jan H. Stel 17 Sustainable Landscape Development / Michael Stauffacher and Pius Krütli 18 Sustainable Development and Material Flows / Beatrice John, Andreas Möller, and Annika Weiser 19 Sustainable Energy Systems / Stefan Lechtenböhmer and Lars J. Nilsson 20 Sustainability and Health / Maud M.T.E. Huynen and Pim Martens 21 Mobility and Sustainability / Aaron Golub 22 International Development and Sustainability / Rimjhim M. Aggarwal 23 Tourism and Sustainability / David Manuel-Navarrete 24 Consumption and Sustainability / John Harlow, Michael J. Bernstein, Bastien Girod, and Arnim Wiek 25 Climate Change: Responding to a Major Challenge for Sustainable Development / Pim Martens, Darryn McEvoy, and Chiung Ting Chang 26 Art and Sustainability / Heather Sealy Lineberry and Arnim Wiek 27 Teaching and Learning in Sustainability Science / Matthias Barth 28 Education for Sustainable Development / Niko Roorda and Han van Son 29 Problem-Based and Project-Based Learning for Sustainable Development / Ron Cörvers, Arnim Wiek, Joop de Kraker, Daniel J. Lang, and Pim Martens 30 Science for Sustainability – A Societal and Political Perspective / Günther Bachmann

Anmerkung: Contents Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Land Degradation in the UNCCD and GEF 1.3 Concepts, Processes, and Scales of Land Degradation 1.4 Assessment of Resilience of Agroecosystems 2 The Potential for Assessment of Land Degradation by Remote Sensing 2.1 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 2.2 Remote Sensing Features That Characterize NDVI- Based Assessments of Land Degradation 2.3 Other Vegetation Indices Closely Related to NDVI 2.3.1 Indices Closely Related to NDVI 2.3.2 Comparing NDVI to EVI 3 Applications of NDVI for Land Degradation Assessment 3.1 Land-Use and Land-Cover Change 3.2 Drought and Drought Early Warning 3.3 Desertification 3.4 Soil Erosion 3.5 Soil Salinization 3.6 Vegetation Burning 3.7 Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) 3.8 Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation 3.9 Monitoring Ecosystem Resilience 4 Limits to the Use of NDVI in Land Degradation Assessment 5 Key Issues in the Use of NDVI for Land Degradation Assessment 5.1 NDVI, NPP, and Land Degradation 5.2 NDVI, RUE, and Land Degradation 5.3 Separating the Effects of Other Causes of NDVI Changes 5.4 Abrupt Changes 6 Development of Land Degradation Assessments 7 Experts’ Opinions on the Use of NDVI for Land Degradation Assessment 7.1 NDVI: Rainfall Proportionality, an Important Consideration 7.2 Building on the GLADA Assessment 8 Main Global NDVI Datasets, Databases, and Software 8.1 Main NDVI Datasets 8.2 Quality-Related Considerations 8.3 Precipitation Datasets 8.4 NDVI Software 9 Country-Level Use of Satellite Products to Detect and Map Land Degradation Processes 10 Challenges to the Use of NDVI in Land Degradation Assessments 11 Recommendations for Future Application of NDVI 11.1 In the Convention National Reporting 11.2 In a Revised GEF Resource Allocation Methodology 12 Conclusion Appendix A Inventory of Some Global and Sub-global Remote Sensing-Based Land Degradation Assessments Appendix B Use of Remote Sensing-Derived Land Productive Capacity Dynamics for the New World Atlas of Desertification (WAD) Appendix C Developments with GLADA Appendix D China’s Experiences on the Usefulness of GLADA Appendix E Main Features of Image Products from the Different Sensors Appendix F UNCCD Core Indicators for National Reporting: ICCD/COP(11)/CST/2 Appendix G Current Cost of Selected Satellite Imagery Appendix H Software for Processing Satellite Images to Develop the NDVI References

Anmerkung: Contents: i The Problem wirh Homo economicus ; ii A Constitution for Knaves ; Moral Sentiments and Material Interests ; iv Incentives as Information ; v A Liberal Civic Culture ; vi The Legislators Dilemma ; vii A Mandate for Aristotle's Legislator

Anmerkung: Enthält 5 Publikationen: 1) Mid Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska / Josefine Lenz, Guido Grosse, Benjamin M. Jones [und 5 weitere] 2) Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11,800-year old permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska / Josefine Lenz, Sebastian Wetterich, Benjamin M. Jones [und 3 weitere] 3) Impacts of shore expansion and catchment characteristics on lacustrine thermokarst records in permafrost lowlands, Alaska Arctic Coastal Plain / Josefine Lenz, Sebastian Wetterich, Benjamin M. Jones [und 5 weitere] 4) Periglacial landscape dynamics in the western Canadian Arctic: Results from a thermokarst lake record on a push moraine (Herschel Island, Yukon) / Josefine Lenz, Michael Fritz, Lutz Schirrmeister [und 4 weitere] 5) Regional environmental change versus local signal preservation in Holocene thermokarst lake sediments: A case study from Herschel Island, Yukon (Canada) / Michael Fritz, Ingmar Unkel, Josefine Lenz [und 6 weitere] , Table of contents Abstract Zusammenfassung Abbreviations and nomenclature 1 Thesis organization 1.1 Overview of chapters 1.2 Author contribution 2 Introduction 2.1 Scientific background 2.1.1 Arctic environments and permafrost in the study region of Beringia 2.1.2 Permafrost degradation and its global feedbacks 2.1.3 Thermokarst lakes and basins as paleoenvironmental archives 2.2 Aims and approaches 3 Mid Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Study area 3.4 Material and methods 3.5 Results 3.5.1 Core stratigraphy 3.5.2 Cryostratigraphy 3.5.3 Grain size distribution 3.5.4 Magnetic susceptibility 3.5.5 Biogeochemical characteristics 3.5.6 Tephra 3.5.7 Palaeoecology 3.5.8 Geochronology 3.6 Discussion 3.7 Conclusions 4 Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11,800-year old permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Study area 4.4 Material and methods 4.5 Results 4.5.1 Geochronology 4.5.2 Cryolithological description 4.5.3 Geochemical results 4.5.4 Bioindicators 4.5.5 Characteristics of intra-sedimentary ice and comparison with modern waters 4.6 Discussion 4.6.1 Thermokarst lake dynamics 4.6.2 Regional lake dynamics and global environmental change 4.6.3 Carbon cycling 4.7 Conclusions 5 Impacts of shore expansion and catchment characteristics on lacustrine thermokarst records in permafrost lowlands, Alaska Arctic Coastal Plain 5.1 Abstract 5.2 Introduction 5.3 Study area 5.4 Material and methods 5.5 Results 5.5.1 Sedimentological results of near-shore core P1 5.5.2 Sedimentological and palynological results of lake center-cores P2 (and P3) 5.5.3 Lake age estimation 5.6 Discussion 5.6.1 Thermokarst lake development 5.6.2 Impact of catchment genesis and morphology on the lake sediment record 5.6.3 Carbon degradation 5.7 Conclusions 6 Synthesis 6.1 Study sites in central-eastern Beringia: Similarities and differences 6.2 Permafrost degradation and thermokarst development in central-eastern Beringia 6.2.1 Timing of thermokarst development 6.2.2 Environmental factors supporting and inhibiting thermokarst 6.3 Processes of thermokarst lake development and their imprint in proxy records 6.4 Contribution of thermokarst dynamics to the carbon cycle 6.5 Potentials/limitations of thermokarst lake archives and outlook Bibliography Appendix I: Periglacial landscape dynamics in the western Canadian Arctic: Results from a thermokarst lake record on a push moraine (Herschel Island, Yukon) I-1 Abstract I-2 Introduction I-3 Study area I-4 Material and methods I-5 Results I-5.1 Core lithology I-5.2 Radiography I-5.3 Magnetic susceptibility and water content I-5.4 Grain size distribution I-5.5 Biogeochemical characteristics I-5.6 Geochronology I-6 Discussion I-6.1 Evolution of Lake Herschel I-6.2 Paleoenvironmental implications of the Lake Herschel record I-7 Conclusions Appendix II: Regional environmental change versus local signal preservation in Holocene thermokarst lake sediments: A case study from Herschel Island, Yukon (Canada) II-1 Abstract II-2 Introduction and study area II-3 Material and methods II-3.1 Sediment core II-3.2 Radiocarbon dating and age modelling II-3.3 Pore-water chemistry II-3.4 X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning II-3.5 Micropaleontology II-4 Results II-4.1 Chronostratigraphy: The revised age model II-4.2 XRF chemistry II-4.3 Pore-water chemistry II-4.4 Calcareous microfossils II-4.5 Pollen II-5 Discussion II-5.1 Sedimentation history of Lake Herschel II-5.2 Limnological, sedimentary and geochemical properties predefine the habitat I-5.3 Autochthonous versus allochthonous deposition of calcareous microfossils II-5.4 Regional pollen-based reconstruction of vegetation and climate II-6 Conclusions Acknowledgements

Anmerkung: Contents: I: Introduction ; II: Climate Change Impacts on Major Cotton Production Regions ; III: Climate Change Impacts on Cotton Growth and Production ; IV: Management Approaches to Adapt to Impacts of Climate Change ; V: Role of Research in Modern Cotton Systems Adapting to Climate Change ; VI: Conclusion

Anmerkung: Contents: Overview ; 1 From Climate Change to Poverty and Back: A Framework ; 2 Bad Seed: Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security ; 3 Threat Multiplier: Climate Change, Disasters, and Poor People ; 4 Under the Weather: Climate Change, Health, and the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty ; 5 Lend a Hand: Poor People, Support Systems, Safety Nets, andInclusion ; 6 A Window of Opportunity: Climate-Informed Development and Pro-Poor Climate Policies

Anmerkung: Contents: Part I. Ecological Economics, Climate Change, and Sustainable Development -- Chapter 1. Ecological Economics and Climate Change -- Chapter 2. Sustainable Development and Climate Change -- Chapter 3. Policies to Achieve Sustainable Development -- Chapter 4. A Sustainable Versus a Growth-As-Usual Scenario -- Part II. Alternative Perspectives of the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 5. A Mainstream Economic Perspective of the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 6. An Ecological Economic Perspective of the Climate Change Crisis -- Part III. A Way Forward and the Road to Sustainable Development -- Chapter 7. The Case for an Emissions-Trading System to Help Resolve the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 8. International Climate Change Institutions and the Greenhouse-Gas Emitting Performance of Nations -- Chapter 9 Laying the Foundations to Support a New Global Climate Change Protocol -- Chapter 10. A Post-2020 Protocol and Emissions-Trading Framework to Resolve the Climate Change Crisis

Anmerkung: Contents: PART I: BASICS ; 1. Population Dynamics ; 2. Simple Frequency Dependence ; 3. Dynamics in n-dimensional Games ; 4. Equilibrium ; 5. Social games ; 6. Cellular Automaton Games ; PART II: APPLICATIONS ; 7. Rock-Paper-Scissors Everywhere ; 8. Learning in Games ; 9. Contingent Life Cycle Strategies ; 10. The Blessing and the Curse of the Multiplicative Updates (Contributed by Manfred K. Warmuth) ; 11. Traffic Games (contributed by John Musacchio) ; 12. International Trade and the Environment (contributed by Matthew McGinty) ; 13. Evolution of Cooperation ; 14. Speciation ; Glossaries

Anmerkung: Table of Contents Preface Chapter 1. North-East Eurasia (Siberia) in the Context of World History: New Concepts / Vladislav Kokoulin and Igor Likhomanov Chapter 2. The Past, Present, and Future of the use of the Agricultural Soils of Siberia / W. Halicki and K. Kita Chapter 3. Agroecological Monitoring of the Carbon Transformation in Agroecosystems on Gray Forest Soils of the Baikal Region under Current Climatic Changes and Conditions of Fluoride Pollution / L. V. Pomazkina and Yu. V. Semenova Chapter 4. Ecology of Avian Influenza Viruses in Siberia / Maria Alessandra De Marco, Kirill Sharshov, Marina Gulyaeva, Mauro Delogu, Lorenzo Ciccarese, Maria Rita Castrucci, Alexander Shestopalov Chapter 5. Assessment of Biogenic Substances of Selected Terrestrial Waters in the Northern Part of Western Siberia: Significance for Ecology and Climate Change / W. Halicki, M. W. Kochanska and S. N. Kirpotin Chapter 6. Quality Assessment of Selected Surface Waters of the Arctic Tundra of Western Siberia in the Context of Climate Change / W. Halicki, M.W. Kochanska and S.N. Kirpotin Index

Anmerkung: Beiträge überwiegend deutsch, teilweise englisch

Anmerkung: Contents Introduction / Germán Mariano Gasparini, Jorge Rabassa, Cecilia Deschamps and Eduardo Pedro Tonni The Heinrich and Dansgaard–Oeschger Climatic Events During Marine Isotopic Stage 3 / Jorge Rabassa and Juan Federico Ponce On the Origin of the Dansgaard–Oeschger Events and Its Time Variability / Silvia Duhau and Cornelis de Jager The Influence of the Geomagnetic Field in Climate Changes / María Julia Orgeira, Ana María Sinito and Rosa Hilda Compagnucci Abrupt Climate Changes During the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) / Eduardo Andrés Agosta and Rosa Hilda Compagnucci Active Deformation, Uplift and Subsidence in Southern South America Throughout the Quaternary: A General Review About Their Development and Mechanisms / Andrés Folguera, Guido Gianni, Lucía Sagripanti, Emilio Rojas Vera, Bruno Colavitto, Darío Orts and Víctor Alberto Ramos The Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3) in Valleys of the Undulated Pampa, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina / Adriana María Blasi, Carola Castiñeira Latorre, Gabriela Catalina Cusminsky and Ana Paula Carignano Sea Level Changes During Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3) in Argentina / Federico Ignacio Isla and Enrique Jorge Schnack Paleogeographic Evolution of the Atlantic Coast of South America During Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) / Juan Federico Ponce and Jorge Rabassa The Continental Record of Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3; ~60–25 ka) in Central Argentina: Evidence from Fluvial and Aeolian Sequences / Marcelo Zárate, Adriana Mehl and Alfonsina Tripaldi Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) and Continental Beds from Northern Uruguay (Sopas Formation): Paleontology, Chronology, and Climate / Martín Ubilla, Andrea Corona, Andrés Rinderknecht, Daniel Perea and Mariano Verde The Brazilian Intertropical Fauna from 60 to About 10 ka B.P.: Taxonomy, Dating, Diet, and Paleoenvironments / Mário André Trinidade Dantas and Mario Alberto Cozzuol Continental Vertebrates During the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) in Argentina / Germán Mariano Gasparini, Esteban Soibelzon, Cecilia Deschamps, Analía Francia, Elisa Beilinson, Leopoldo Héctor Soibelzon and Eduardo Pedro Tonni Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) Versus Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5) Fossiliferous Marine Deposits from Uruguay / Alejandra Rojas and Sergio Martínez Vegetation and Climate in Southern South America during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3): an Overview of Existing Terrestrial Pollen Records / Ana María Borromei and Lorena Laura Musotto Response of Diatoms to Late Quaternary Climate Changes / Marcela Alcira Espinosa Silicophytolith Studies in South America and Argentina: Scope and Limitations for Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) / Margarita Osterrieth, María Fernanda Alvarez, Mariana Fernández Honaine and Georgina Erra Index

Anmerkung: 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Mount Melbourne Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 2012 / P. C. Pertusati, G. Musumeci, R. Carosi, M. Meccheri 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Reeves Névé Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 2012 / R. Casnedi, P. C. Pertusati, F. Salvini 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Mount Murchison Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 1997 / G. Capponi, M. Meccheri & P. C. Pertusati 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Mount Joyce Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 1999 / G. Capponi, L. Crispini, M. Meccheri, G. Musumeci & P. C. Pertusati 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Relief Inlet Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 1999 / G. Capponi, L. Crispini, M. Meccheri, G. Musumeci & P. C. Pertusati 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Coulman Island Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 1997 / G. Capponi, M. Meccheri & G. Oggiano 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Sequence Hills Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 2012 / R. Carosi, M. Meccheri, G. Musumeci, P. C. Pertusati 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series , 1 Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Freyberg Mountains Quadrangle (Victoria Land) 2012 / G. Capponi, M. Meccheri, P. C. Pertusati 〈1 : 250.000〉 aus der Antarctic Geological 1:250.000 Map Series

Anmerkung: Contents: Introduction ; The Organisation of Misery ; Whose Responsibility? ; Fair Society, Healthy Lives ; Equity from the Start Education and Empowerment ; Working to Live ; Do Not Go Gentle ; Building Resilient Communities ; Fair Societies ; Living Fairly in the World ; The Organisation of Hope

Anmerkung: Contents: Foreword ; Section 1: Critical men’s studies and disaster ; 1.The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Thinking About Men and Masculinities ; 2. Masculinism, Climate Change and ‘Man-Made’ Disasters: Towards an Environmental Profeminist Response ; 3. Men and Masculinities in the Social Movement for a Just Reconstruction After Hurricane Katrina ; 4. Hyper-Masculinity and Disaster: The Reconstruction of Hegemonic Masculinity in the Wake of Calamity ; 5. Re-Reading Gender and Patriarchy Through a ‘Lens of Masculinity:’ The ‘Known’ Story and New Narratives From Post-Mitch Nicaragua ; Section 2: The high cost of disaster for men: Coping with loss and change ; 6. Men, Masculinities and Wildfire: Embodied Resistance and Rupture ; 7. Emotional and Personal Costs for Men of the Black Saturday Bushfires in Victoria, Australia ; 8. The Tsunami's Wake: Mourning and Masculinity in Eastern Sri Lanka ; 9. Japanese Families Decoupling Following the Fukushima Nuclear Plant Disaster: Men’s Choice between Economic Stability and Radiation Exposure ; Section 3: Diversity of impact and response among men in the aftermath of disaster ; 10. Disabled Masculinities and Disasters ; 11. Masculinity, Sexuality and Disaster: Unpacking Gendered LGBT Experiences in the 2011 Brisbane Floods, Queensland, Australia ; 12. Indigenous Masculinities in a Changing Climate: Vulnerability and Resilience In the United States ; 13. Youth Creating Disaster Recovery and Resilience in Canada and the United States: Dimensions of the Male Youth Experience ; Section 4: Transforming masculinity in disaster management ; 14. Firefighters, Technology and Masculinity in the Micro-management of Disasters: Swedish Examples ; 15. Resisting and Accommodating the Masculinist Gender Regimein Firefighting: An Insider View from the United Kingdom ; 16. Using a Gendered Lens to Reduce Disaster and Climate Risk in Southern Africa: The Potential Leadership of Men’s Organizations ; 17. Training Pacific Male Managers for Gender Equality in Disaster Response and Management ; 18. Integrating Men and Masculinities in Caribbean Disaster Risk Management ; 19. Men, Masculinities and Disaster: An Action Research Agenda ; 20. Afterword

Anmerkung: Contents: Foreword to the Encyclopedia ; Foreword to Volume 1 ; Introduction to Volume 1 ; PART I GENERAL THEMES The Goals of Climate Policy ; 1. The Science of Climate Change: A Legal Perspective on the IPCC ; 2. The Precautionary Principle and Climate Change ; 3. Setting the Social Cost of Carbon ; 4. Human Rights and Climate Change: Building Synergies for a Common Future ; Approaches to Addressing Climate Change ; 5. Climate Policy Instrument Choices ; 6. Corporate Social Responsibility and Climate Change ; 7. Local Authorities and Climate Change ; 8. Individual Behaviour, The Social Sciences and Climate Change ; 9. Criminal Law and Climate Change ; 10. Research and Scholarship on Climate Change Law in Developing Countries ; PART II INTERNATIONAL LAW PERSPECTIVE General Issues ; 11. The Climate as a Global Common ; 12. CBDR and Climate Change ; 13. The Potential Roles of the ICJ in Climate Change-related Claims ; 14. Unilateralism, Extraterritoriality and Climate Change ; 15. Climate Engineering and International Law ; 16. Carbon Capture and Storage as a Bridging Technology ; Treaties Related to Climate Change ; The UN Negotiation Process ; 17. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: A Framework Approach to Climate Change ; 18. The UNFCCC: Legal Scholarship in Four Key Areas ; 19. The Kyoto Protocol, With a Special Focus on the Flexible Mechanisms ; 20. The Kyoto Protocol’s Compliance Mechanism ; 21. REDD+ as a Climate Change Mitigation Mechanism ; 22. International Treaty Fragmentation and Climate Change ; Alternative International Approaches ; 23. ICAO and IMO: International Sectoral Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Reductions in Transport ; 24. Interlinkages Between Climate Change, Ozone Depletion and Air Pollution: The International Legal Framework ; 25. The WTO and Climate Change ; 26. Climate Change and International Investment Treaties ; PART III NATIONAL AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON REDUCING GREENHOUSE GASES General Issues ; 27. Polycentrism and Climate Change ; 28. Climate Change Federalism ; 29. Environmental Impact Assessments and Climate Change ; 30. The Role of the National Courts in GHG Emissions Reductions ; Regional and National Mitigation Approaches ; Emissions Trading ; 31. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading in the EU ; 32. North American Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Systems ; 33. Emissions Trading in China ; Other Regulatory Approaches to Reduce Greenhouse Gases ; 34. Traditional Regulation’s Role in Greenhouse Gas Abatement ; 35. Carbon Taxes ; 36. Transportation as a Climate Wedge and Challenge under United States Law ; 37. Biofuel ; 38. Renewable Energy: Support Mechanisms ; 39. Renewable Energy: Public Acceptance and Citizens’ Financial Participation ; 40. Energy Efficiency and Conservation ; Mitigation Strategies in Developing Countries ; 41. India’s Climate Change Mitigation Strategy ; 42. Green Growth Policy in Korea ; PART IV ADAPTATION Specific Impacts and Sectors ; 43. Integrated Water Law and Climate Change: An EU Perspective ; 44. Water Availability and Allocation ; 45. Managing Ecosystem Effects in an Era of Rapid Climate Change ; 46.Ocean Adaptation ; 47. Coastal Issues ; 48. Adaptation and the Energy Sector ; Cross-cutting Issues and Adaptation Techniques ; 49. Adaptation Justice ; 50. Loss and Damage in the UN Climate Regime ; 51. Indigenous Peoples and Climate Change ; 52. Human Mobility and Climate Change ; 53. Urban Planning and Climate Change ; 54. Insurance ; 55. Disaster Law and Climate Change ; PART V CONCLUSIONS 56. The Emergence of Global Climate Law

Anmerkung: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 Optimal Allocation and Development ; Part I: Fundamental Economic Theory ; Part II: Further Adjustments for the Idiosyncrasies of Water ; 3 Efficiency in a Dynamic World ; Part I: The Whys and Whats of Discounting ; Part II: Applied Discounting4 Risk and Reliability ; 5 Social Institutions ; Part I: The Economics of Institutions ; Part II: Legal Institutions ; 6 Policy Analysis ; 7 Cost-Benefit Analysis ; 8 Water Marketing ; 9 Water Pricing ; 10 Demand Analysis ; Part I: Demand Methodology ; Part II: Empirical Demand Findings for Three Sectors ; 11 Supply Analysis ; 12 Modeling with Demand and Supply ; 13 The Water Challenge

Anmerkung: Contents: PART I CONCEPTS ; 1. Meghnad Desai (2003), ‘Public Goods: A Historical Perspective’, in Inge Kaul, Pedro Conceição, Katell Le Goulven and Ronald U. Mendoza (eds), Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, Part 1, New York, NY, USA, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 63–77 ; 2. Charles P. Kindleberger (1986), ‘International Public Goods Without International Government’, American Economic Review, 76 (1), March, 1–13 ; 3. William D. Nordhaus (2006), ‘Paul Samuelson and Global Public Goods: A Commemorative Essay for Paul Samuelson’, in Michael Szenberg, Lall Ramrattan and Aron A. Gottesman (eds), Samuelsonian Economics and the Twenty-First Century, Chapter 5, New York, NY, USA, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 88–98 ; 4. Inge Kaul and Ronald U. Mendoza (2003), ‘Advancing the Concept of Public Goods’, in Inge Kaul, Pedro Conceição, Katell Le Goulven and Ronald U. Mendoza (eds), Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, Part 1, New York, NY, USA, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 78–111 ; PART II INCENTIVES TO COOPERATE ; 5. Todd Sandler (1998), ‘Global and Regional Public Goods: A Prognosis for Collective Action’, Fiscal Studies, 19 (3), 221–47 ; 6. Joseph S. Nye Jr. (2002), ‘The American National Interest and Global Public Goods’, International Affairs, 78 (2), April, 233–44 ; 7. Amartya Sen (1999), ‘Global Justice: Beyond International Equity’, in Inge Kaul, Isabelle Grunberg and Marc A. Stern (eds), Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21st Century, New York, NY, USA, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 116–25 ; 8. Calvin Blackwell and Michael McKee (2003), ‘Only for my Own Neighbourhood? Preferences and Voluntary Provision of Local and Global Public Goods’, Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 52 (1), 115–31 ; 9. Eric Brousseau and Tom Dedeurwaerdere (2012), ‘Global Public Goods: The Participatory Governance Challenges’, in Eric Brousseau, Tom Dedeurwaerdere and Bernd Siebenhüner (eds), Reflexive Governance for Global Public Goods, Chapter 1, Cambridge, MA, London, UK: MIT Press, 21–36, references ; PART III PROVISION PATTERNS ; 10. Scott Barrett (2006), ‘Critical Factors for Providing Transnational Public Goods’, Expert Paper Series Seven: Cross-Cutting Issues, Chapter 1, Stockholm, Sweden: Secretariat of the International Task Force on Global Public Goods, 1‒58 ; 11. Cecilia Albin (2003), ‘Negotiating International Cooperation: Global Public Goods and Fairness’, Review of International Studies, 29 (3), July, 365-85 ; 12. Todd Sandler (2013), ‘Buchanan Clubs’, Constitutional Political Economy, 24 (4), 265–84 ; 13. Elinor Ostrom (2014), ‘A Polycentric Approach for Coping with Climate Change’, Annals of Economics and Finance, 15 (1), 97–134 ; 14. Fabrizio Cafaggi (2012), ‘Transnational Private Regulation and the Production of Global Public Goods and Private “Bads”’, European Journal of International Law, 23 (3), 695‒718 ; 15. David Gartner (2012), ‘Global Public Goods and Global Health’, Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law, 22, 303–18 ; 16. Keith E. Maskus and Jerome H. Reichman (2004), ‘The Globalization of Private Knowledge Goods and the Privatization of Global Public Goods’, Journal of International Economic Law, 7 (2), 279–320 ; PART IV FINANCING SCHEMES ; 17. Agnar Sandmo (2007), ‘The Welfare Economics of Global Public Goods’, NHH (Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration) Working Paper 35, November, 1–25 ; 18. Ramses H. Abul Naga and Philip Jones (2013), ‘Helping Others or Helping Oneself? International Subsidies and the Provision of Global Public Goods’, Oxford Economic Papers, 65 (4), 856–75 ; 19. Dirk T.G. Rübbelke (2011), ‘International Support of Climate Change Policies in Developing Countries: Strategic, Moral and Fairness Aspects’, Ecological Economics, 70 (8), June, 1470–80 ; 20. Pedro Conceição and Ronald U. Mendoza (2006), ‘Identifying High-Return Investments: A Methodology for Assessing When International Cooperation Pays – and for Whom’, in Inge Kaul and Pedro Conceição (eds), The New Public Finance: Responding to Global Challenges, Part 3, New York, NY, USA, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 327–56 ; 21. Tony Atkinson (2006), ‘Global Public Finance’, Oxonomics, 1 (1), 2–4 ; 22. Ottmar Edenhofer, Michael Jakob, Felix Creutzig, Christian Flachsland, Sabine Fuss, Martin Kowarsch, Kai Lessmann, Linus Mattauch, Jan Siegmeier and Jan Christoph Steckel (2015), ‘Closing the Emission Price Gap’, Global Environmental Change, 31, 132–43 ; 23. Nancy Birdsall and Benjamin Leo (2011), ‘Find me the Money: Financing Climate and Other Global Public Goods’, Centre for Global Development Working Paper 248, i, 1‒50 ; PART V GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONS ; 24. Daniel Bodansky (2012), ‘What’s In a Concept? Global Public Goods, International Law and Legitimacy’, European Journal of International Law, 23 (3), 651–68 ; 25. Inge Kaul (2013), ‘Meeting Global Challenges: Assessing Governance Readiness’, The Governance Report, 33–58 ; 26. Julio Frenk and Suerie Moon (2013), ‘Governance Challenges in Global Health’, New England Journal of Medicine, 368 (10), 936–42 ; 27. José Antonio Ocampo (2010), ‘Rethinking Global Economic and Social Governance’, Journal of Globalization and Development, 1 (1), February, i, 1–27 ; 28. Peter H. Sand (2004), ‘Sovereignty Bounded: Public Trusteeship for Common Pool Resources?’, Global Environmental Politics, 4 (1), February, 47–71 ; 29. Nico Krisch (2014), ‘The Decay of Consent: International Law in an Age of Global Public Goods’, American Journal of International Law, 108 (1), 1–40 ; Index

Anmerkung: Data journeys. Making data travel: technology and expertise; The rise of online databases in biology; Packaging data for travel; The emerging power of database curators; Data journeys and other metaphors of travel -- Managing data journeys: social structures; The institutionalization of data packaging; Centralization, dissent, and epistemic diversity; Open data as global commodities; Valuing data -- Data-centric science. What counts as data?; Data in the philosophy of science; A relational framework; The nonlocality of data; Packaging and modeling -- What counts as experiment?; Capturing embodied knowledge; When standards are not enough; Distributed reasoning in data journeys; Dreams of automation and replicability -- What counts as theory?; Classifying data for travel; Bio-ontologies as classificatory theories; The epistemic role of classification; Features of classificatory theories; Theory in data-centric science -- Implications for biology and philosophy. Researching life in the digital age; Varieties of data integration, different ways to understand organisms; The impact of data centrism: dangers and exclusions; The novelty of data centrism: opportunities and future developments -- Handling data to produce knowledge; Problematizing context; From contexts to situations; Situating data in the digital age..

Anmerkung: Contents List of contributors Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Overview of the aquaculture feed industry / Zuridah Merican and Dagoberto Sanchez 1. Aquafeed in Asia 1.1 Introduction 1.2 A shift in equilibrium 1.3 Lower demand with EMS 1.4 Horizontal expansion and integration 1.5 Extruded and functional feeds 1.6 Rising production costs 1.7 Feed production and trends 1.8 New capacity and new entrants 1.9 Shrimp feed types 1.10 Feed prices 1.11 Country developments 2. Aquafeed in the Americas 2.1 Development of aquafeed production in the Americas 2.2 Country development Acknowledgments References 2 Feed formulation software / A. Victor Suresh 2.1 Introduction 2.2 General overview of the formulation process in the feed industry 2.3 LP-based feed formulation 2.4 Essential components of LP-based feed formulation software 2.5 Software options 2.6 Conclusion Acknowledgments References 3 Understanding the nutritional and biological constraints of ingredients to optimize their application in aquaculture feeds / Brett Glencross 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Characterizing ingredients 3.3 Chemical composition of oils 3.4 Digestibility, palatability, and utilization value of plant protein meals 3.5 Nutritional value of plant and animal oils to aquaculture species 3.6 Processing effects of ingredients References 4 Nutrient requirements / Cesar Molina-Poveda 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Proteins and amino acids 4.3 Lipids and fatty acids 4.4 Carbohydrates 4.5 Nutritional energetics 4.6 Vitamins 4.7 Minerals References 5 Functional feed additives in aquaculture feeds / Pedro Encarnagao 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Phytogenies 5.3 Organic acids 5.4 Yeast products 5.5 Probiotics 5.6 Enzymes 5.7 Mycotoxin binders References 6 Optimizing nutritional quality of aquafeeds / Karthik Masagounder, Sheila Ramos, Ingolf Reimann and Girish Channarayapatna 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Sources of nutrient database 6.3 Nutrient levels and variability in commonly used raw materials 6.4 Impact of heat damage on the amino acid level and their variability 6.5 Proximate nutrients of raw material 6.6 Managing nutrient variation 6.7 Integration of Laboratory Information Management System and formulation 6.8 Summary References Index

Anmerkung: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Introduction References Part I Mine Design, Mine Mapping and Sampling 2 Mining Methods 2.1 Open Pit Mines 2.2 Underground Mines 2.2.1 Underground Selective Mining Methods 2.2.2 Underground Bulk Mining Methods 2.2.3 Mining of the Gently Dipping Ore Bodies 2.3 Unconventional Mining 2.3.1 In situ Leach (ISL) Technique 2.3.2 Dredging of the Mineral Sands References 3 Mine Mapping 3.1 Mine Mapping Principles 3.2 Mapping Open Pit Mines 3.3 Mapping of Underground Mines 3.4 Mapping Using Digital Photogrammetry and Laser Technologies 3.4.1 Mapping Mining Faces Using Photogrammetry 3.4.2 Remote Mapping of the Mines Using Laser 3.5 Optimisation of the Mine Mapping Procedures References 4 Drilling Techniques and Drill Holes Logging 4.1 Drilling Methods 4.2 Diamond Core Drilling 4.2.1 Core Quality and Representativeness 4.2.2 Orientated Core 4.2.3 Logging Diamond Core Holes 4.2.4 Sampling Diamond Core 4.3 Open Hole Percussion Drilling 4.3.1 Sampling Blastholes for Grade Control Purpose in the Open Pits 4.3.2 Use of ‘Jumbo’ Drilling for Delineation of Underground Stopes 4.4 Reverse Circulation (RC) Percussion Drilling 4.4.1 Logging RC Holes 4.4.2 Sampling RC Holes 4.5 Sonic Drilling Technologies 4.5.1 Strength and Weakness of the Sonic Drilling 4.5.2 Logging and Sampling Sonic Drill Holes 4.6 Auger Drilling 4.7 Rotary Drilling Using Tricone Bit References 5 Sampling of the Mine Workings 5.1 Sampling Rock Faces in the Underground Mines 5.1.1 Channel Sampling 5.1.2 Rock Chip Sampling 5.2 Sampling of the Broken Ore 5.3 Trenching and Winzing References 6 Geotechnical Logging and Mapping 6.1 Geotechnical Logging of the Drill Core 6.1.1 Drilling Parameters and Core Recovery 6.1.2 Rock Weathering 6.1.3 Rock Strength 6.1.4 Rock Quality Designation Index (RQD) 6.1.5 Natural Breaks 6.2 Geotechnical Mapping 6.3 Geotechnical Applications of Rock Mass Classification Schemes References 7 Dry Bulk Density (DBD) of Rocks 7.1 Types of the Rock Densities Used in the Mining Industry 7.2 Dry Bulk Density Measurement Techniques 7.2.1 Competent Non-porous Rocks 7.2.2 Porous and Weathered Rocks 7.2.3 Non-consolidated Sediments 7.3 Spatial Distribution of the Rock Density Measurements References 8 Data Points Location (Surveying) 8.1 Surface Points Location 8.2 Down-Hole Survey Reference Part II Sampling Errors 9 Introduction to the Theory of Sampling 9.1 Types of Sampling Errors 9.2 Fundamental Sampling Error 9.2.1 Theoretical Background 9.2.2 Experimental Calibration of the Sampling 9.2.3 Sampling Nomogram 9.3 Grouping – Segregation Error 9.4 Errors Related to the Sampling Practices 9.5 Instrumental Errors References 10 Quality Control and Assurance (QAQC) 10.1 Accuracy Control 10.1.1 Statistical Tests for Assessing Performance of the Standard Samples 10.1.2 Statistical Tests for Assessing the Data Bias Using the Duplicate Samples 10.1.3 Diagnostic Diagram: Pattern Recognition Method 10.2 Precision Control 10.2.1 Matching Pairs of Data 10.2.2 Processing and Interpretation of Duplicate Samples 10.3 Comparative Analysis of the Statistical Estimation Methods 10.4 Guidelines for Optimisation of the Sampling Programmes 10.4.1 Planning and Implementation of the Sampling Programmes 10.4.2 Frequency of Inserting QAQC Material to Assay Batches 10.4.3 Distribution of the Reference Materials 10.4.4 Distribution of the Duplicate Samples References 11 Twin Holes 11.1 Method Overview 11.1.1 Objectives of the Twinned Holes Study 11.1.2 Statistical Treatment of the Results 11.1.3 Distance Between Twinned Holes 11.1.4 Drilling Quality and Quantity 11.1.5 Comparison of Studied Variables 11.1.6 Practice of Drilling Twinned Holes for Mining Geology Applications 11.2 Case Studies 11.2.1 Gold Deposits: Confirmation of High-Grade Intersections 11.2.2 Twin Holes Studies in Iron Ore Deposits 11.2.3 Mineral Sands Deposits: Validation of Historic Drilling 11.2.4 Bauxites: Use of Twin Holes as a Routine Control of Drilling Quality References 12 Database 12.1 Construction of the Database 12.2 Data Entry 12.2.1 Electronic Data Transfer 12.2.2 Keyboard Data Entry 12.2.3 Special Values 12.3 Management of the Data Flow 12.4 Database Safety and Security References Part III Mineral Resources 13 Data Preparation 13.1 Data Compositing 13.1.1 Data Coding 13.1.2 Compositing Algorithms 13.1.3 Choice of the Optimal Compositing Intervals 13.1.4 Validating of the Composited Assays 13.2 High Grade Cut-Off References 14 Geological Constraints of Mineralisation 14.1 Introduction to Wireframing 14.2 Characterisation of the Mineralisation Contacts 14.2.1 Contact Profile 14.2.2 Determining of the Cut-Off Value for Constraining Mineralisation 14.2.3 Contact Topography 14.2.4 Uncertainty of the Contacts 14.3 Geometry and Internal Structure of the Mineralised Domains 14.3.1 Unfolding References 15 Exploratory Data Analysis 15.1 Objective of the EDA 15.2 Overview of the EDA Techniques 15.2.1 Spider Diagram 15.2.2 Data Declustering 15.2.3 Q-Q Plots 15.2.4 Box-and-Whisker Plot (Box Plot) 15.3 Grouping and Analysis of the Data 15.3.1 Data Types 15.3.2 Data Generations 15.3.3 Grouping Samples by Geological Characteristics 15.4 Statistical Analysis of the Resource Domains References 16 Resource Estimation Methods 16.1 Polygonal Method 16.2 Estimation by Triangulation 16.3 Cross-Sectional Method 16.3.1 Extrapolation of the Cross-Sections 16.3.2 Interpolation Between Cross-Sections 16.4 Estimation by Panels 16.5 Inverse Distance Weighting Method References Part IV Applied Mining Geostatistics 17 Introduction to Geostatistics 17.1 Regionalised Variable and Random Function 17.2 Stationarity and Intrinsic Hypothesis References 18 Variography 18.1 Quantitative Analysis of the Spatial Continuity 18.2 Intuitive Look at Variogram 18.3 Geostatistical Definition of Variogram 18.4 Directional, Omnidirectional and Average Variograms 18.5 Properties of the Variograms 18.5.1 Behaviour Near Origin 18.5.2 Anisotropy 18.6 Analysis of the Data Continuity Using a Variogram Map 18.7 Presence of Drift 18.8 Proportional Effect 18.9 Variogram Sill and the Sample Variance 18.10 Impact of the Different Support 18.11 Variogram Models 18.11.1 Common Variogram Models 18.11.2 Modelling Geometric Anisotropy 18.11.3 Nested Structures 18.11.4 Modelling Zonal Anisotropy 18.12 Troublesome Variograms 18.12.1 Hole Effect 18.12.2 Saw-Tooth Shaped and Erratic Variograms 18.13 Alternative Measures of a Spatial Continuity 18.13.1 Variograms of the Gaussian Transformed Values 18.13.2 Relative (Normalised) Variograms 18.13.3 Different Structural Tools 18.14 Indicator Variograms 18.15 Variograms in the Multivariate Environment 18.15.1 Multivariate Geostatistical Functions 18.15.2 Linear Model of Coregionalisation References 19 Methods of the Linear Geostatistics (Kriging) 19.1 Geostatistical Resource Estimation 19.2 Kriging System 19.2.1 Ordinary Kriging 19.2.2 Simple Kriging 19.2.3 Simple Versus Ordinary Kriging 19.3 Properties of Kriging 19.3.1 Exactitude Property of Kriging 19.3.2 Negative Kriging Weights and Screening Effect 19.3.3 Smoothing Effect 19.3.4 Kriging Variance 19.3.5 Conditional Bias 19.4 Block Kriging 19.4.1 Blocks and Point Estimates 19.4.2 Kriging of the Small Blocks References 20 Multivariate Geostatistics 20.1 Theoretical Background of Multivariate Geostatistics 20.1.1 Ordinary Co-kriging 20.1.2 Collocated Co-kriging 20.1.3 Properties of the Co-kriging 20.2 Kriging with External Drift References 21 Multiple Indicator Kriging 21.1 Methodology of the Multiple Indicator Kriging 21.2 Practical Notes on the Indicators Post-Processing References 22 Estimation of the Recoverable Resources 22.1 Change of Support Concept 22.1.1 Dispersion Variance 22.1.2 Volume Variance Relations 22.1.3 Conditions for Change-of-Support Models 22.2 Global Change of Support Methods 22.2.1 Affine Correction 22.2.2 Discrete Gaussian Change of Support 22.3 Local Change of Support Methods 22.3.1 Uniform Conditioning 22.3.2 Localised Uniform Conditioning 22.3.3 Application of the LUC

Anmerkung: Contents Preface Acknowledgments Part I History, Approaches and Concepts What Is Ethnobiology? / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and Angelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves History of Ethnobiology / André Sobral and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Ethnobiology or Ethnoecology? / Angelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Historical Ethnobiology / Maria Franco Trindade Medeiros Paleoethnobiology / Steve Wolverton, Andrew Barker, and Jonathon Dombrosky Urban Ethnobiology / Ana Haydeé Ladio and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Diaspora Ethnobiology / Robert A. Voeks Ethnophycology / Patricia Marta Arenas Gastronomic Ethnobiology / Andrea Pieroni, Lukas Pawera, and Ghulam Mujtaba Shah Ethnoprimatology / Marilian Boachá Sampaio, Antonio Souto, and Nicola Schiel An Ethnobiology of Change / Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares and Victoria Reyes-García Political Ecology and Ethnobiology / Steve Wolverton, Justin M. Nolan, and Matthew Fry Ethnobiology, Ethics, and Traditional Knowledge Protection / Gustavo Taboada Soldati and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Part II Biota Perception and Classification What Is Environmental Perception? / Taline Cristina da Silva, Leonardo da Silva Chaves, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Biota Perception and Use / Taline Cristina da Silva, Letícia Zenóbia de Oliveira Campos, Josivan Soares da Silva, Rosemary da Silva Sousa, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Biological and Evolutionary Bases of Human Perception of the Natural Environment / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Taline Cristina da Silva, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Risk Perception / Taline Cristina da Silva, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Flávia Rosa Santoro, Thiago Antônio de Sousa Araújo, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque How and Why Should People Classify Natural Resources? / Andrêsa Suana Argemiro Alves, Lucilene Lima dos Santos, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Alternative Views of Folk Classification / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Paulo Henrique Santos Gonçalves, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Part III Biota Use Fungi / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Paulo Henrique Santos Gonçalves, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Food Plants / Viviany Teixeira do Nascimento, Letícia Zenóbia de Oliveira Campos, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Medicinal Plants / Thiago Antônio de Sousa Araújo, Joabe Gomes de Melo, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Fortifier, Tonic, and Rejuvenating Plants and the Adaptogen Concept / Danilo Ribeiro de Oliveira and Suzana Guimarães Leitão Magic Plants / Rainer W. Bussmann Ornamental Plants / Julio Alberto Hurrell Timber Resources / Marcelo Alves Ramos, Maria Clara Bezerra Tenório Cavalcanti, and Fábio José Vieira Animal Resources / Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves Part IV Biota Management and Domestication Plant and Landscape Local Management / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and José Ribamar Sousa Júnior Indigenous Use of Tropical Biodiversity and Ecosystem Domestication / Maximilien Guèze Extractivism of Plant Resources / Juliana Loureiro de Almeida Campos, Ivanilda Soares Feitosa, Julio Marcelino Monteiro, Gilney Charll dos Santos, Cristina Baldauf, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Plant Domestication / Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins Neto, José Ribamar Sousa Júnior, Alejandro Casas, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Domestication of Animals / Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves Ethnobiology and Biodiversity Conservation / Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and Daniel Carvalho Pires de Sousa Part V Factors Affecting Local Biological Knowledge Local or Traditional Knowledge Transmission and Natural Resource Use / Gustavo Taboada Soldati Gender and Age / Wendy Marisol Torres-Avilez, André Luiz Borba do Nascimento, Leticia Zenobia de Oliveira Campos, Flávia dos Santos Silva, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Ethnicity, Income, and Education / Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros, Juliana Loureiro de Almeida Campos, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Urbanization, Modernization, and Nature Knowledge / Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Flávia Rosa Santoro, Ina Vandebroek, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque How Does Social Status Relate to Traditional Ecological Knowledge? / Victoria Reyes-García and Sandrine Gallois Plant Knowledge and Use in the Context of Migration / Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros, Diego Batista de Oliveira Abreu, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque Cultural Comparisons in Ethnobiological Research / Ina Vandebroek Dictionary of Ethnobiology and Related Areas Index

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Introducing Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba Dana, 1850 / Volker Siegel 2 Distribution, Biomass and Demography of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba / Volker Siegel and Jonathan L. Watkins 3 Age, Growth, Mortality, and Recruitment of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba / Christian S. Reiss 4 Physiology of Euphausia superba / Bettina Meyer and Mathias Teschke 5 Feeding and Food Processing in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba Dana) / Katrin Schmidt and Angus Atkinson 6 Reproduction and Larval Development in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) / So Kawaguchi 7 Genetics of Antarctic Krill / Simon N. Jarman and Bruce E. Deagle 8 Swarming and Behaviour in Antarctic Krill / Geraint A. Tarling and Sophie Fielding 9 The Importance of Krill Predation in the Southern Ocean / Philip N. Trathan and Simeon L. Hill 10 Parasites and Diseases / Jaime Go´mez-Gutie´rrez and Jose´ Rau´l Morales-A´ vila 11 The Fishery for Antarctic Krill: Its Current Status and Management Regime / Stephen Nicol and Jacqueline Foster Glossary Subject Index Genera and Species Index

Anmerkung: Contents 1 The Protein Data Bank 2 Seeing Is Believing: Methods of Structure Solution 3 Visualizing the Invisible World of Molecules 4 The Twists and Turns of DNA 5 The Central Dogma 6 The Secret of Life: The Genetic Code 7 Evolution in Action 8 How Evolution Shapes Proteins 9 The Universe of Protein Folds 10 Order and Chaos in Protein Structure 11 Molecular Electronics 12 Green Energy 13 Peak Performance 14 Cellular Signaling Networks 15 GPCRs Revealed 16 Signaling with Hormones 17 Single-Molecule Chemistry: Enzyme Action and the Transition State 18 Seven Wonders of the World of Enzymes 19 Building Bodies 20 Coloring the Biological World 21 Amazing Antibodies 22 Attack and Defense: Weapons of the Immune System 23 Reconstructing HIV Erratum

Anmerkung: Contents: 1: A functional approach to biological diversity ; 2: Trait-based ecology: definitions, methods, and a conceptual framework ; 3: The functional characterisation of plants ; 4: Gradients, response traits, and ecological strategies ; 5: A functional approach to plant community structure ; 6: Plant traits and ecosystem properties ; 7: Functional diversity and ecosystem services ; 8: Functional diversity in agriculture: the cases of grasslands and crop weeds ; 9: Managing functional diversity data ; 10: Perspectives for functional diversity research

Anmerkung: Contents: Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- List of Symbols -- Scalars -- Functions -- Indices -- Vectors, Matrices, Etc. -- Symbols Related to Poverty and Inequality -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Objective and Research Question -- 1.2 Structure of Thesis -- References -- 2 The Normative Argument for an Unconditional Basic Income -- 2.1 Van Parijs' Concept of Freedom -- 2.1.1 Alternative Concepts of Freedom -- 2.1.2 The Concept of Real Freedom -- 2.2 From Real Freedom to Basic Income -- 2.2.1 The Resource Egalitarianism Approach -- 2.2.2 Ambition-Sensitivity and Endowment-Insensitivity -- 2.2.3 The Value of the Basic Income -- 2.3 The Concept of the Basic Income in Detail -- 2.4 Common Objections Against an Unconditional BasicIncome -- 2.4.1 Exploitation and Reciprocity -- 2.4.2 Measuring of Real Freedom -- 2.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Implementation of a Basic Income by a Negative Income Tax -- 3.1 The Concept of a Negative Income Tax -- 3.1.1 Definition and Classification -- 3.1.2 Economic Aspects -- 3.1.3 Comparison of an Unconditional Basic Income with a Negative Income Tax -- 3.2 Different Types of Negative Income Tax Plans -- 3.2.1 Minimum Income Guarantee -- 3.2.2 Social-Dividend Type -- 3.2.3 Poverty-Gap Type -- 3.2.4 Comparison of NIT-Types -- 3.3 Empirical Studies on Negative Income Tax Plans -- References -- 4 A Negative Income Tax Proposal for Germany -- 4.1 The Subsistence Level as Lower Limit of Welfare Payments in Germany -- 4.2 The Negative Income Tax Proposal in Detail -- 4.2.1 General Concept -- 4.2.2 The Build-In Option in Detail -- 4.2.3 Child Support -- 4.3 Comparison with Germany's Status Quo of 2010 -- 4.4 Critical Remarks -- References -- 5 Modeling Political Reforms: The Discrete Approach to Labor Supply -- 5.1 Economic Simulations ; 5.1.1 General Overview -- 5.1.2 Micro Simulations in Detail -- 5.1.3 Construction of a New Tax-and-TransferMicro Simulation -- 5.2 The Discrete Approach to Labor Supply -- 5.2.1 The Discrete Framework -- 5.2.2 Additive Random Utility -- 5.2.3 Specification of the Utility Function -- 5.2.4 Behavioral Changes -- References -- 6 Implications on the Proposed Basic Income Reform -- 6.1 Data -- 6.1.1 General Information on the GSOEP -- 6.1.2 Imputation and Non-responses -- 6.1.3 The Household Concept of the GSOEP -- 6.1.4 Income and Working Hours Distributions -- 6.2 Sample Selection Estimations for Expected Wage Rates -- 6.3 Calibration of the Multinomial Logit Regression Model -- 6.3.1 Estimation Results -- 6.3.2 Modeling the Status Quo -- 6.4 Allocation Effects of the Basic Income Schemeand its Feasibility -- 6.4.1 Expected Changes in Household Labor Supply -- 6.4.2 Feasibility of the Proposed Tax-and-TransferScheme -- 6.5 Distributional Effects of the Basic Income Scheme -- 6.5.1 Estimated Changes in Poverty -- 6.5.2 Implications on Income Inequality -- 6.6 Critical Remarks -- References -- 7 Conclusion and Outlook -- A Efficient Wage Hypothesis -- References -- B Social Insurance Contributions in Germany -- C Calculations -- C.1 Multinomial Logit Estimation -- C.2 Translog Utility -- C.2.1 Married Couples -- C.2.2 One-Adult Households -- C.3 Constant Relative Inequality Aversion -- Reference -- D Descriptive Statistics -- E Social Security Parameters of 2010 (Germany) -- F GSOEP Questions