ALBERT

Beschreibung: Among some coccids from Indonesia, received from Dr. L. G. E. KALSHOVEN, four large specimens were found which by their well developed ovisac showed some resemblance to Icerya purchasi MASK. After comparing the specimens with the photographs in MORRISON\xe2\x80\x99S Classification of the Margarodidae (1928) it appeared, however, that the wax covering of the body was more alike that of Walkeriana floriger (WALKER).\nThe old pinned specimens were not labelled, but Dr. KALSHOVEN remembered that they had been collected by Prof. ROEPKE on \xe2\x80\x9etjemara\xe2\x80\x9d (Casuarina). Upon inquiry Prof. ROEPKE informed me that in 1910 he had collected a giant coccid on old stems of Casuarina Junghuhniana MIQ. in the Tengger Mts. (East-Java). The specimens were found on trees near the last bend of the road leading to Tosari, a well-known health-resort at an elevation of about 1750 m, where Europeans often used to spend their holidays. Some specimens had been sent to Mr. E. E. GREEN in Ceylon who replied that it was a species of Walkeriana, but that he wanted the larvae for a description of this new species.

Beschreibung: In May 1938 I had the opportunity to observe seven living Aplysia depilans in the Zoological Station Naples. Notes on the size and colour were made and different methods of preservation were tried.\nAs one often wonders how much of the original colour pattern has been preserved in museum specimens of Aplysia, it seems important to give the result of the comparison of the living specimens as studied in 1938 and the same specimens after 18 years of preservation, in 1956. The best way of preservation appears to be killing in diluted alcohol as specimen nr. V shows.

Beschreibung: 1. In einem kleinen Material aus der Uferzone des Ohrid-See wurden 16 Arten freilebender S\xc3\xbcsswassernematoden aufgefunden ; es werden systematische Bemerkungen zu einigen Arten gemacht. Neochromadora trilineata W. SCHNEIDER, 1943 wird mit Punctodora ohridensis W. SCHNEIDER, 1943 identifiziert, die Gattung Hofmaenneria W. SCHNEIDER, 1940 wird diskutiert und es wird ein Beitrag zur Synonymie von Theristus dubius-setosus (B\xc3\x9cTSCHLI) geliefert. 2. Von den gefundenen Arten wurden 10 schon 1943 von W. SCHNEIDER aus dem Ohrid-See bekannt gemacht. Die f\xc3\xbcr den Ohrid-See neuen Arten sind : Tripyla filicaudata, Dorylaimus intermedius. Chromadorina bioculata, Ethmolaimus pratensis. Paraplectonema pedunculatum, maenneria brachystoma. 3. Der Anteil endemischer Formen an der Nematodenfauna des Ohrid-Sees ist gering. Abgesehen von Ohridia bathybia SCHNEIDER, 1943, deren Verwandtschaft und systematische Stellung unklar sind, ist allein Punctodora ohridensis W. SCHNEIDER, 1943 eine Art, die bisher ausserhalb des Ohrid-Sees nicht beobachtet worden ist.\nEs sind aus dem Ohrid-See keine Nematoden-Arten bekannt, die als marine Relikte angesprochen werden k\xc3\xb6nnten.

Beschreibung: The result is given of a complete census of the breeding population of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) in the Netherlands, performed during the year 1956. The results of the census of 1950 and 1955 have been published in Beaufortia 5 (45), April 15, 1955: 23\xe2\x80\x9442, and 5 (52), March 24, 1956: 101\xe2\x80\x94115.\nThe result of the census 1956 shows a less alarming picture than that of 1955. The number of nests occupied by pairs increased to 65 (57 in 1955)\xc2\xb9). The number of young fledged increased to 95 (94). However, three newly fledged young perished in the neighbourhood of their nests, so that the ultimate breeding result of the species in 1956 is somewhat less than in 1955. The number of nests on which breeding occurred was higher than in 1955. From 65 (57) nests occupied by a pair of birds breeding occurred in 44 (36) cases. The very unfavourable weather might have influenced the relatively bad results. The storks arrived considerably later than in other years.\nNevertheless the sharp decrease which could be observed after 1950 seems to have come to a stop. The White Stork in the Netherlands lives at the border of its breeding area and population fluctuations have to be considered in this connection as far as even expecting the vanishing of the species from the Netherlands fauna at all. Everything is done at present to prevent the loss of the White Stork from this country. The Netherlands Society for the Protection of Birds has started an action for erecting new nesting sites. Well-known investigations in Bavaria have shown the density of the population to increase by this way. It has yielded some results in the Netherlands too. Six new nests have been occupied by pairs or solitary birds and on two of these nests young have been raised of which 7 fledged. In the present paper all nests are renumbered and the numbers of the 1950 census are given in parentheses. Where this number is failing the nest has been occupied after 1950 or 1955. Nests marked by + were occupied by a pair of birds but no young birds were raised. The number of young storks fledged is indicated by a figure. A summary of the results and a comparison with 1950 and 1955 is given in the tables 9, 10, and 11. The number of eggs and young storks which got lost by fighting on the nests and the number of nesting sites lost since 1950 are given on page 192.

Beschreibung: CONTENTS\nIntroduction...............1\nTaxonomic studies.............3\nProvespa...............7\nVespa................10\nBionomics of Oriental and Papuan Vespinae........51\nProvespa...............51\nVespa................52\nHabitat...............52\nFood...............53\nColony foundation, castes, and periodicity.......59\nNest construction.............60\nDuration of life of colonies...........64\nAggressiveness and effect of sting.........66\nEnemies ..............69\nMimicry...............71\nDistribution of Oriental and Papuan Vespinae........72\nLiterature...............80\nIndex................83\nINTRODUCTION\nIt is now more than fifty years ago since R. du Buysson published a monograph of the genus Vespa, a group of wasps which is at present regarded as representing a subfamily consisting of four or five different genera.\nIn the collections used for the preparation of that work, the fauna of the

Beschreibung: Differt a speciebus ceteris generis Riveae habitu erecto et praesertim speciei proximae Riveae ornatae sepalis exterioribus margine piano non involute et staminibus circa medium tubi corollae insertis vel paullo inferius.\nIndo-China. Laos, prov. Vientiane, vicinity of Vientiane, c. 200 m alt., in open Dipterocarpaceae monsoon forest, on sandy lateritic soil; erect shrub, 1.50 m high; flowers white with greenish midpetaline bands, fl. Aug. 20, 1953 (rain-season); vernacular name: phi yik; Vidal 2350 (TL, type; fragments in L). A fruiting specimen from the same locality was collected Oct. 8, 1952; Vidal 1120 (TL; fragments in L).

Beschreibung: The only record of Thesium in Malaysia was hitherto the Southern Chinese Thesium psilotoides Hance from medium altitudes of the Benguet and Bontoe Mountain Provinces in North Luzon, according to Merrill (Enum. Philip. Fl. Pl. 2, 1923, 115), occurring between 1200 and 1500 m. The same species has also been found in the Lesser Sunda Islands, Sumba Island, by C. N. A. de Voogd (E. Sumba, 300 m, limestone quarry, De Voogd 1873 (80, L), Dec. 1, 1934, plant pale green, fruit yellow, flower white).\nThe Sumba specimens exactly match the Philippine specimens. Species like this one, with a very short calyx tube, look astonishingly like Halorrhagis, in habit, but possess 5-merous flowers, lack bulbous-based hairs, and show a peculiarly cartilaginous leaf apex.

Beschreibung: These fascicles, the first part of a moss flora of Fennoscandia, comprise five (acrocarpous) orders of the Eubryales. All species and a number of forms and varieties have been included. There are clear dichotomous keys to genera and species. Of each species the original literature, the most familiar synonyms, an excellent description with critical remarks on the differences between allied species and original drawings have been given. Ecology and general distribution have been indicated, with special reference to Scandinavia. In addition there is a glossary of technical terms, which is nearly identical to that in Dixon\xe2\x80\x99s famous Student\xe2\x80\x99s Handbook of British Mosses, though less extensive.\nNevertheless it may be doubted whether this book actually fills a need in Scandinavian bryology. It is not suited for \xe2\x80\x9cworkers in all fields of botany, forestry, limnology, etc.\xe2\x80\x9d, as the author suggests, since keys to the families are lacking. Besides, there is the excellent moss flora of Brotherus, Die Laubmoose Fennoscandias, not mentioned in this connection in the preface.

Beschreibung: In ons land is Galanthus nivalis L. \xe2\x80\x9evrij algemeen, doch steeds verwilderd\xe2\x80\x9d (Bekn. Schoolflora, 8e druk). Het blijft daarbij in het midden gelaten van hoe lang geleden zulk een verwildering stamt. In sommige gevallen (De Kaagoevers; de omgeving van Leimuidon) is de situatie ter plaatse van die aard, dat men aan een zeer grijs verleden gaat denken. Het begrip verwildering zou dan nog slechts inhouden, dat de plant oorspronkelijk verwilderd is en in deze zin ware het ook van toepassing op sommige andere soorten, die men als regel niet verwilderd noemt. Werkelijke datering is bij ons weten echter nergens mogelijk en daarmee blijft het probleem onopgelost. Wij willen daarom iets meedelen over een vindplaats ten opzichte waarvan althans een vaag vermoeden van datering kan worden uitgesproken.\nIn het dorp Warmond kan men naar het Westen afslaan langs de Kloosterlaan. Even v\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb3r de plaats waar deze zich in een pad door de weilanden verliest, ligt aan de Zuidzijde van de weg een nagenoeg cirkelvormige akker, omringd door een ongewoon diepe sloot waaromheen een ringvormige met struikgewas bezette strook, die wederom door oen sloot omgeven is. Vlak hierbij stond in do late middeleeuwen het mannenklooster Marienhove. De vorm van do akker wekt overigens meer associaties met een burcht, dan met oen klooster on inderdaad werd het klooster (volgens de .gangbare beschrijvingen der Warmondse kastelen en kloosters) in 1413 gesticht \xe2\x80\x9eop een woeste of verlaate plaats, Oud-Tellingen genaamd.\xe2\x80\x9d Door sommigen wordt dit ge\xc3\xafnterpreteerd als een aanwijzing, dat, nog vroeger, het kasteel of tenminste de \xe2\x80\x9ehofstede\xe2\x80\x9d Oud-Teilingen hier stond; anderen projecteren de ligging daarvan enige honderden meters zuidelijker.

Beschreibung: Dr. S. J. van Ooststroom vond op 31 Mei 1937 Pleurocladia lacustris A. Braun, een bruinwier, behorende tot de Ectocarpaceae, en v\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb3r noch na die tijd in Nederland gevonden. Het wier groeide overvloedig op de wortels van Bryopteris thelypteris langs de kant van de Nieuwkoopsche plassen. Dr. F. Drouet (Nat. Hist. Mus., Chicago) determineerde de soort. Het materiaal wordt bewaard in het Rijksher \xe2\x80\x93 barium.

Beschreibung: In 1929 werd in het kader van het Zuiderzee-onderzoek door Mevr. D.Koopmans-Forstmann en A.N. Koopmans een onderzoek ingesteld naar het voorkomen van Caltha palustris L. in Friesland (Mededeling no. 9 van de Zuiderzee-commissie; N.K.A. 1930).\nUit dat onderzoek bleek dat Caltha in de Westelijke helft van Friesland nagenoeg geheel ontbrak. De grenslijn bleek van Leeuwarden naar Sneek de grens tussen klei en veen te volgen. Uit het noordwestelijke kleigebied werd geen enkel bericht van hot voorkomen van Caltha ontvangen. In het kleigebied ten Zuiden van Sneek (het merengebied) werden enkele voorposten ontdekt n.l. Gaastmeer, Oudega (W.) on verder enkele plaatsen in de omgeving van Woudsend, De vindplaats, die het dichtst de Zuiderzee naderde, was een weiland in de buurt van Takozijl.

Beschreibung: Ames, Mrs Oakes C. Schweinfurth, Philip. Orch. Rev. 6\xc2\xb9 (1955) 5-6. Appraisal as a botanical illustrator.\nBabcock, E.B. 1877-1954 G.L. Stebbins, Madrono 13 (1955) 81-83, photogr.

Beschreibung: 9th Pacific Science Congress, Bangkok. According to the Preliminary Announcement the Congress will take place Nov. 18- \xe2\x80\x94Dec. 9, 1957. Organising chairman is M.C. Lak Kashemsanta, Dep. of Agriculture, Bangkok. Fifteen general subjects have been entered for contributing papers and discussion, viz: (a) Problems confronting tropical botanical institutions, (b) Vegetation types of the Pacific basin, (1) Tropical, (2) Temperate, (c) Ethnobotany of Thailand and contiguous countries, (d) Vernacular names of Pacific plants. (e) Phycology in the Pacific basin. (f) Algal ecology, with special reference to coral reefs and atolls. (g) Bibliographic problems in the natural sciences in the Pacific. (h) The teaching of botany and the training of botanists in the tropics. (i) Systematics, evolution and distribution of Pacific plants, (j) Botany of medical plants in the Pacific basin, (k) Forest botany in the Pacific basin. (l) Botany of agricultural plants and weeds. (m) Plant ecology in the Pacific. (n) Mycology and phytopathology in the Pacific. (o) Plant physiology in the Pacific.\nBesides, a special symposium on Climate, Vegetation, and Land Utilization in the Humid Tropics, sponsored by Unesco, will be convened by Dr F.R. Fosberg.

Beschreibung: Bentham, G. & J.D. Hooker, Genera plantarum.\nCf. W.T. Stearn on its history and dates of publication in J. Soc. Bibl. Nat. Hist. 3 (1956) 127-132.

Beschreibung: Recently a cover and an Index have been distributed belonging to numbers 9-12, so that these can be bound into a second volume.\nThe Foundation suffered a great loss by the passing away of the trustee, Dr E.D. Merrill, Febr. 25, 1956, Dr Merrill took a great interest in promoting the work and we will dearly miss his advice, his help, and the privilege of having access to the colossal store of his knowledge of the Malaysian flora. As a trustee of the Foundation he has been replaced by Mr E.J.H. Corner, F.R.S., Cambridge.

Beschreibung: INTRODUCTION\nHardly any group of birds is of a greater interest to the zoogeographer and to the student of evolution and speciation than the family of the Zosteropidae. It was with the fact in mind that no conclusions as regards these fields of investigation could be drawn without the reliable base of a good classification that Stresemann (1931) 1) undertook a revision of the IndoAustralian members of the family.\nStresemann\'s revision is a pioneer work that will long remain the base for any further work in the group. Since 1931, however, 45 further names have been given in the Indo-Australian group of the Zosteropidae, adding two valid species and about 25 valid races to the number already known. Though several partial revisions have greatly elucidated some obscure points in our knowledge in recent years (Mack, 1932; Mayr, 1933; Bartels Jr., 1937; Stresemann, 1939; Mayr, 1944), no comprehensive paper has appeared since 1931.\nMoreover, Stresemann\'s was only a first attempt at classification, being barely more than a check-list of species and races. Now the time seems ripe for giving a full account of every described form, including its life-history, and with particular reference to the great gaps still existing in our knowledge of even the commonest forms.\nOriginally I intended to revise the family as a whole, but at an early stage of the investigations it appeared that Mr. Moreau was reviewing the African group of species. As a consequence, the present work is confined to the non-African members of the family, hence, it covers the same geographic area as Stresemann\'s paper.

Beschreibung: Xantolis Raf., Sylv. Tell., 1838, 36 \xe2\x80\x94 Planchonella Pierre, p.p., Not. bot. Sapot., 1890, 34; Dubard, Ann. Mus. col. Mars. 20, 1912, 41; Lam, Ann. Jard. bot. Bzg, s\xc3\xa9r. 3, 7, 1925, 193; Lam, l.c., s\xc3\xa9r. 3, 8, 1927, 467 \xe2\x80\x94 Sideroxylon L., p.p., Engler, Nat. Pfl. Fam. 4, 1, 1897, 143 and Nachtrag, 1897, 27 \xe2\x80\x94 Hormogyne DC, p.p., Prodr. 8, 1844, 176 \xe2\x80\x94 Pouteria Aublet sensu Baehni, p.p., Candollea 9, 1942.\nTrees or shrubs, often spiny. Leaves alternate, estipulate, sometimes with the flowers conferted at the tips of brachyblasts, entire, with a marginal nerve, tertiary nervation transverse or reticulate, sparse, slender. Flowers \xe2\x99\x82\xe2\x99\x80, 5-merous, solitary or clustered, axillary or sometimes along an axillary shoot, bracts small. Calyx with a short tube and mostly lanceolate lobes, marcescent. Corolla lobes longer than the tube. Stamens generally inserted at the base of the lobes, each with two small tufts of ferruginous hairs on either side of the base of the glabrous filaments, rarely only one hair, anthers sagittate, with prolonged connective, dehiscing extrorsely or slightly lateral. Staminodes petaloid, often long aristate, fimbriate-ciliate along the margin, except in X. racemosa (Dub.) van Royen and X. siamensis (Fletcher) van Royen in which the margin is either dentate or entire. Ovary 5-, rarely 4-celled, densely hirsute, disk absent; style long exsert, ovules inserted halfway up or at the base of the cells, funiculus often long. Fruits drupaceous, 1- or 2-seeded, seeds ellipsoid, laterally compressed, testa crustaceous, scar ovate or linear, as long as seed to 2/3 its length, or small and circular, basal, embryo with copious albumen and foliaceous cotyledons, radicle exserted.

Beschreibung: In the present study only those species of the genus Pouteria have been incorporated which are found in the area covered by the Flora Malesiana, as well as those of Australia and western Polynesia.\nThe results of this study could not have been obtained without the kind help of the Directors of the herbaria of Berkeley, Brisbane, Bogor, Florence, Jamaica Plain, Kew, Lae, Leiden, London, Manila, Melbourne, Paris, Singapore, Stockholm, Sydney and Z\xc3\xbcrich to whom we express our most sincere thanks.

Beschreibung: Trees. Leaves estipulate, alternate, scattered, simple, oblong to obovate, petiolate, tertiary nerves transverse, often numerous, always faint. Inflorescences many-florous, fasciculate on brachyblasts which are inserted in the axils of leaves or their scars, rarely in those of stout petiole-like bracts. Flowers 6(\xe2\x80\x948)-merous. Sepals 6(\xe2\x80\x948), spirally arranged or pseudo-cyclical. Corolla exsert, lobes 6(\xe2\x80\x948), as long as or longer than tube. Stamens 6(\xe2\x80\x948), inserted just or well below the corolla-throat, epipetalous. Staminodes 6(\xe2\x80\x948), episepalous, inserted in the throat. Ovary 6(\xe2\x80\x948)-celled, borne on a short stout gynophore, disk infundibuliform at apex of gynophore, more or less connate with the basal (fertile) part of the ovary, the whole (except style) hispidulous pilose, cells episepalous, ovules one in each cell, inserted in the lower half of the cells, apotropous, micropyle inferior; style short, glabrous, truncate. Fruits unknown.\nType species: Krausella forbesii (Moore) H. J. Lam.

Beschreibung: After the revision of Manilkara (Blumea 7, 1953, 401\xe2\x80\x94412) new material became available and enabled the description of a new species.

Beschreibung: Vochysia sectio Ciliantha Stafleu, subsectio Ferrugineae Warming. A V. vismiifolia Spruce ex Warming stipulis incrassatis, foliis lanceolatis longe acuminatis, floribus calcari longo modice incurvo, petalo intermedio stamen aequante, stigmate terminali parvo instructis differt.\nHolotypus: \xe2\x80\x9ccoll. unknown\xe2\x80\x9d (comm. D. Allen) in U, fl. 14 Nov. 1953. PERU, Nanay River near Iquitos, altitude 100 m., \xe2\x80\x9cquillo sisa\xe2\x80\x9d, tree more than 100 feet high, on clayey soil about 20 feet above river (Isotypes: US 2104976, Y 47782).

Beschreibung: During the year 1948, Mr. W. H. Schuster, Laboratory of Inland Fisheries, Buitenzorg (Bogor), sent samples for determination from coastal saltwater-ponds kept for raising Chanos chanos (bandeng). Cyanophyceae have proved to form an important ingredient of the diet of the bandeng-fry.\nThe cooperation in studying the thick layer of Cyanophyceae on the bottom of the ponds stopped at the end of the year, since difficulties of transport arose. The names of the identified species were published previously (Schuster 1949). The present author wishes to draw attention to the Cyanophyceae communities of two ponds with different vegetation. The data concerning these ponds were received from Mr. Schuster.

Beschreibung: After the revision of Burckella (Blumea 6, 1952, 580\xe2\x80\x94593) some new material became available which enabled the description of the fruits of two species. In addition, some details of two more species can now be given.

Beschreibung: This is the second and concluding part of a report on the birds of the Netherlands Antilles, the first part dealt with the birds of St. Martin, Saba, and St. Eustatius (Studies fauna Cura\xc3\xa7ao Car. Is. 6, no. 25, 1955, p. 1-82). The present part will give a full account of the birds of Aruba, Cura\xc3\xa7ao, and Bonaire.\nAccompanied by my wife I stayed in these islands from September 22, 1951 until April 19, 1952, only interrupted by a week\xe2\x80\x99s visit to Venezuela and the period between February 1 and March 14, 1952, when we were working in St. Martin, Saba, and St. Eustatius. Our collection of birds from Aruba, Cura\xc3\xa7ao, and Bonaire comprizes 986 specimens, representing 103 species, all of which have been deposited in the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam. Although part of the collection has been prepared in the field by my wife and me, a not unimportant number of collected birds was kept in the freezing rooms of the Abattoir of the Veterinary Service in Cura\xc3\xa7ao (Parera) and Aruba (Oranjestad), from where it was shipped to Holland under deep-freezing temperatures and subsequently prepared by the taxidermists of the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam. For most valuable help in this matter of preserving our specimens, which considerably facilitated our work in the field, we are greatly indebted to Mr. J. W. M. Diemont, Director, Mr. B. A. Bitter, and other employees of the Veterinary Service of the Netherlands Antilles.

Beschreibung: For a long time, investigation of the fauna of Suriname encountered great difficulties. These included: great abundance of species; inaccessibility of the territory concerned; lack of zoologists on the spot, and little interest in Neotropical material on the part of Dutch biologists. Moreover, the practice of this branch of science has depended on the initiative of private individuals, the result being that no definite programme has been followed. Owing to these circumstances investigation of the zoology of Suriname has lagged far behind investigation of its botany and geology.

Beschreibung: The zoological collections made by the 1948\xe2\x80\x941949 Surinam Expedition contain about 200 mammals, brought together by the zoologists Dr. D. C. GEIJSKES and Mr. P. H. CREUTZBERG. Though the collection consists mainly of species which had already been reported from Dutch Guiana, it is of considerable value, in the first place on account of the detailed data concerning the localities, biotopes, and biology, and secondly because not only the skins and skulls of the collected specimens have been preserved but as a rule also their complete skeletons.\nThe present paper \xc2\xb9) deals with the Primates; the other groups of mammals will be treated in subsequent publications. Thanks are due to Dr. D. C. GEIJSKES, who is responsible for the notes on the biology of the species. The skeletons of the material dealt with here have recently been studied in the Leiden Museum by Mr. G. E. ERIKSON of Harvard Medical School, Boston, who intends to publish the results of his investigation in the near future.

Beschreibung: Mapping of the Paleozoic of the Central Pyrenees by students in geology of Leiden University under the directorship of Prof. Dr L.U. de Sitter started in 1948 with the Arize massif. Since then the survey has shifted first eastwards, 1949 St. Barth\xc3\xa9lemy massif; then westwards, 1950 Salat valley; 1951 Riberot valley (sheet 2); 1952, Garonne valley (sheet 1), and then southwards, 1953 and 1954 Valle de Ar\xc3\xa1n, then south again to the Pallaresa and the S\xc3\xa8gre (1955\xe2\x80\x941957).\nThe survey has been restricted almost exclusively to the Paleozoic because the Mesozoic had been mapped by Casteras (1933) in the north and by Misch (1934), in the south, therefore only the Paleozoic rocks in their nonmetamorphic and metamorphic state have been differentiated on the map, whereas the Mesozoic rock contours except part of the Triassic, have been taken over in a simplified form from the 1 : 80.000 sheet Foix of the Carte g\xc3\xa9ologique de France. Many internal reports and maps have accumulated in the files of the Geological Institute in Leiden of which only a few have been published. Often preliminary surveys have been succeeded by further detailed fieldwork by graduate students, other regions have been worked over again by ourselves so that now a start can be made with a final comprehensive series of maps on a scale 1:50.000 of which Sheet 3, Ari\xc3\xa8ge, France, containing mainly the satellite massifs of Arize, Trois Seigneurs and St. Barth\xc3\xa9lemy (see fig. 1) is the first to be published.

Beschreibung: Vom 28. April bis dem 12. Juni unternahmen einige biologische Studenten der Amsterdamer Universit\xc3\xa4t eine zoologische Sammelreise nach Jugoslawien. Bei dieser Gelegenheit wurden auch reichlich Mollusken gesammelt, sowohl Meeresmollusken, als auch Land- und S\xc3\xbcsswassermollusken. \xc3\x9cber die marinen und terrestrischen Mollusken soll an anderer Seite berichtet werden. In den folgenden Zeilen werden nur die S\xc3\xbcsswassermollusken ber\xc3\xbccksichtigt, mit Ausnahme der Pisidien, welche von dem Spezialisten dieser Gruppe, Herrn J. G. J. KUIPER, bearbeitet werden sollen. Es handelt sich in meinem Aufsatz also nur um die Gastropoden, die Najaden und die Gattung Dreissena.

Beschreibung: Vom Amsterdamer Zo\xc3\xb6logischen Museum wurde im Jahre 1954 eine Sammelreise nach Jugoslawien unternommen, w\xc3\xa4hrend der auch eine Reihe von Cyclopoiden gefischt wurde. F\xc3\xbcr die \xc3\x9cberlassung des Materials zur Bearbeitung m\xc3\xb6chte ich an dieser Stelle besonders Herrn J. H. STOCK meinen besten Dank aussprechen.\nDie Cyclopoiden Jugoslawiens sind bereits fr\xc3\xbcher mehrfach bearbeitet worden (vgl. dazu PETKOVSKI, 1954: 1, 2). Zum Vergleich f\xc3\xbcr die vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurden vor allen Dingen Arbeiten KIEFERS und PETKOVSKIS herangezogen. Herrn Dr. T. K. PETKOVSKI m\xc3\xb6chte ich f\xc3\xbcr Ausk\xc3\xbcnfte und Unterst\xc3\xbctzung durch Literatur an dieser Stelle meinen Dank sagen.

Beschreibung: P. actius actius Eversm.\nBogdo-ola montes 1 \xe2\x99\x82 1 \xe2\x99\x80 ex c. Oberth\xc3\xbcr ex c. Groum-Grshimaloi; Borochoro montes 4 \xe2\x99\x82 ; Tianschan orient. 1 \xe2\x99\x82 1 \xe2\x99\x80 ex c. Groum-Grshimaloi, f. ocelloconjuncta n.c. 1 \xe2\x99\x80 ex c. Elwes. Hierher geh\xc3\xb6rt auch: Karaschar 1 \xe2\x99\x82, fr\xc3\xbcher bei subsp. caesar Stdgr. aufgef\xc3\xbchrt. subsp. ambrosius Stichel Aksu- Tal, f. fermata Bryk & Eisner 1 \xe2\x99\x80 Holotype. Zugang: Aksu-Tal 1 \xe2\x99\x82, f. ornata n.c. 2 \xe2\x99\x82, f. tripicta + ornata n.c. 1 \xe2\x99\x82, 1 \xe2\x99\x80, f. ampliusanalis n.c. 1 \xe2\x99\x80.\nDie Diagnose in Parnassiana v.III p. 70 ist dahingehend zu berichtigen, dass die Vorderfl\xc3\xbcgelmitte einiger \xe2\x99\x80 doch schwarz \xc3\xbcberschuppt ist, indessen viel schw\xc3\xa4cher als bei der Nominatform. subsp. caesar Stdgr.\nKourouk-tag, Korla f. albocentrata Bryk & Eisner 1 \xe2\x99\x80 Holotype, 1 \xe2\x99\x82 Allotype. Zugang: Kourouk-tag f. medionigrodivisoocellata n.c. 1 \xe2\x99\x82, 1 \xe2\x99\x80 mit aberrativ ausgebreiteter Hinterrandsschw\xc3\xa4rze, die fast die ganze Zelle ausf\xc3\xbcllt, das Costalauge ber\xc3\xbchrt und mit den Analflecken zusammenfliesst, f. actinobolus Stgr. 1 \xe2\x99\x80 abg. Verity, Rhop. Pal. T. XII, fig. 17.\nHingewiesen sei auf die bei dieser Unterart dicht bei einander stehenden Zellflecke. subsp. frischi O. Bang-Haas Kanchowfu, Nordabh\xc3\xa4nge Nashi-Pass, f. pura O. Bang-Haas 1 \xe2\x99\x82 Holotype, f. totialbopicta n.c. 1 \xe2\x99\x82 Holotype. subsp. pseudobrutus Bryk & Eisner Mustag-Ata, Yarkend, 1 \xe2\x99\x80 Holotype, f. jambicus Bryk = f. quadripicta

Beschreibung: The specimens described in the present paper have been collected by Dr.\nTh. L. Verhoeven at Liang Toge, a cave near Warukia, 1 km south of a hamlet called Lepa, in Manggarai, western Flores. This cave, as well as many others explored in the island by Verhoeven (1952, 1953), contains a Mesolithic flake and blade industry (Van Heekeren, 1957, p. 107). The faunal remains obtained from Liang Toge consist almost exclusively of jaws and bones of large rats, and it is of interest to place these specimens on record as they represent forms that are new to science, different from the one and only giant rat that is still living on Flores, Papagomys armandvillei Jentink).\nThe discovery of new giant rats in a comparatively recent cave deposit such as that of Liang Toge in Flores, which is definitely post-Pleistocene, is not very surprising. The Lesser Sunda Islands are almost a blank as far as prehistoric mammals are concerned, and the first prehistoric fauna of this area to become known, viz., that of Timor, likewise in a Mesolithic context (Sarasin, 1935), proved to contain a distinct genus and species of giant rat, Coryphomys b\xc3\xbchleri Schaub (1937). Like the living Papagomys armandvillei of Flores, the subfossil Timor form belongs to the Muridae with complexly folded molars, subfamily Phloeomyinae (see Simpson, 1945, p. 91). This group, the member genera of which exist for the most part high in the mountains of the remoter islands of the Malay Archipelago, presents the appearance of a relict fauna (Tate, 1936, p. 505). As in other murid groups extending into the area east of Wallace\'s Line, a physiological shift in the direction of giantism is apparent (Tate, l.c., p. 612). Simpson (1945, p. 208) holds the center of murid evolution to have been in the tropical and

Beschreibung: I am indebted to the authorities of the Leiden Museum for the opportunity of examining and reporting on the large collection made by the late Dr. E. Jacobson on Simalur island and on its smaller satellite Pulau Babi, in 1913, between the months of January and September.\nThe collection is large enough to enable one to study good series of a number of the forms collected, and to justify the naming of several new races. Some new forms had already been named by Dr. C. A. van der Willigen, who studied the collection several years ago. Whenever possible I adopted Dr. van der Willigen\'s MS names.\nIt is now possible to compare the faunas of Simalur Is., Nias Is., and Enggano Is., but the fauna of the Mentawi islands is unfortunately still very imperfectly known.\nI have to thank Dr. L. A. W. C. Venmans for figures of the radulae of several species of which he has kindly made preparations, and Mrs. van der Feen (n\xc3\xa9e van Benthem Jutting) for helpful notes. Also my thanks are due to Dr. van Regteren Altena for the trouble he has taken in making the collection available to me. And lastly I must record my indebtedness to the late Mr. Wilkins of the British Museum (Natural History) for the three figures of new forms described below, and for other help which he always was ready to give.\nLarge though the collection is, I do not doubt that future collecting will add other forms to the Simalur list. Any conclusions, therefore, made from the present list are subject to reservations.\nThe type-specimens of the new forms described below are in the Leiden Museum.

Beschreibung: The present paper is the result of an examination of some type specimens in the Brussels Museum, collected by G. Semper in the Philippines and described by Friedrich Brauer in 1868; it includes also a discussion of one species recorded from these islands by Edm. de S\xc3\xa9lys Longchamps in the last part of his "Synopsis des Agrionines", in 1877. These were rendered accessible to study during my visit to Brussels in June, 1938, by Mons.\nAntoine Ball, at that time entomologist of the Mus\xc3\xa9e Royal d\'Histoire Naturelle. Through his kindness I was permitted afterwards to borrow the types for further study and to keep them for almost twenty years. This enabled me to make comparisons with certain species included in a splendid collection of Philippine dragonflies in the Senckenberg Museum, sent to me on loan in 1938 ; these had been assembled by G. Boettcher, many years in advance, in behalf of the late Dr. F. Ris, whose collection was bequeathed to the Natur-Museum Senckenberg, Frankfurt a. M.\nOf the six species of Amphicnemis and Teinobasis described by Brauer and de S\xc3\xa9lys, only three were represented in the Boettcher collection, the rest belonging either to undescribed forms, or might prove identical with some species or other recorded by J. G. Needham & M. K. Gyger, in their account (1939) of the Zygoptera of the Philippines.\nJudging by the great number of apparently undescribed species at present available for study, each of the Philippine islands has developed an astonishingly rich and diversified zygopterid fauna. Among the species pertaining to such genera like Drepanosticta, Risiocnemis, Amphicnemis and Teinobasis, several were found to approach each other so closely that detailed descriptions and accurate camera lucida drawings of morphological features are

Beschreibung: Some time ago Prof. Dr. W. Weyrauch at Lima, Peru, sent to me specimens of a species of the subfamily Neniinae that proved to be new to science. Already about 70 species of the subfamily have become known from Peru, for an important part discovered by Prof. Weyrauch himself.\nAndinia (Ehrmanniella) flammulata spec. nov. (Figs. 1, 2) Diagnosis. A small, rather fusiform species of the subgenus Ehrmanniella Zilch. The decollated shell is provided with rather irregular fine white striae.\nEspecially below the suture these striae are thickened, strikingly white, and arranged in groups of about 5 to 15 on low nodules. These nodules alternate with brown, quite smooth, malleated patches. At some distance it looks like small white and brown areas running obliquely over the surface of the shell below the suture. Lunella more or less interrupted below the middle. The principal plica is only 1/4 whorl long. The receptaculum seminis and its duct unto the junction with the diverticulum are as long as the diverticulum itself.\nDescription. The shell is decollate, somewhat fusiform, moderately strong, with rather convex whorls of which the penultimate is broadest. Whorls of the decollate shell 4 to 7; some shed tops (juvenile shells) with straight outlines consist of about 10 whorls; sculptured with low, but rather large nodules (which can be taken as corresponding with the upper parts of the obliquely running ribs of Polinski\'s Nenia wagneri1)) below the suture, provided with groups of about 5-15 clear white striae, between these nodules there are brown smooth patches, often running obliquely below the nodules; 1) \xe2\x80\x9ebreite, niedrige, stumpfe und wulstartige Rippen, welche von links oben nach rechts unten verlaufen". the middle and lower parts of each whorl are usually rather irregularly

Beschreibung: Of the three Guyanas on the north coast of South America, Suriname is the middle one, lying between French Guyana to the east and British Guyana to the west. The frontiers between these three countries are formed by the Marowijne River (Suriname \xe2\x80\x94 French Guyana) and the Courantyne River (Suriname \xe2\x80\x94 British Guyana).\nIn general the Guyanas are much alike in geographical features \xe2\x80\x94 covered with tropical rain forest for the most part and with savannas and swamps for the rest. The freshwater molluscs live in the large rivers and the bush creeks in the hinterland, and in the swamps, canals and trenches in the more or less cultivated coastal plain.

Beschreibung: In 1957 werden de karteringen in twee gescheiden gebieden in de Pyrenee\xc3\xabn voortgezet, verder in een gebied in N.-Leon aansluitend aan het N.-Palenciagebied begonnen en in Galicia eveneens voortgezet.\nIn de Spaanse Pyrenee\xc3\xabn werd dit jaar begonnen met gebieden, die uit het Segredal te bereiken zijn en op de duur zullen aansluiten met het Pallaresagebied. In de Franse Pyrenee\xc3\xabn werd het onderzoek aan het massief van Aston voortgezet.

Beschreibung: The Devonian stratigraphy in the Valle de Ar\xc3\xa1n of the Central Pyrenees, is different from that of its surroundings.\nIn this area a zone of graded greywackes occurs together with a rock type of supposedly littoral facies, in an oblong basin, which has been filled longitudinally by sediments slipping down in turbidity currents from the delta slope in the West, thus building up the graded sediments of the deepest part of this basin.\nThe Hercynian orogeny has folded this area very strongly, developing an intense cleavage. This cleavage together with repeated alternation of sediments of different competency caused the enormous variety of secondary folds with their special tectonical problems.

Beschreibung: Het Westelijk gedeelte van de Republiek Columbia (Zuid Amerika) wordt ingenomen door de Cordilleras de los Andes, welke in genoemde republiek uit drie hoofdketens bestaat, t. w. de West Cordillera, de Centrale Cordillera en de Oost Cordillera. Een studie werd gemaakt van een centraal gelegen Strook door de Westelijke en Centrale Cordillera, waartoe drie gebieden geologisch gekaarteerd werden en de structurele concepties in profielen werd weergegeven.\nDe oudste gesteenten, die in de Centrale Cordillera aan de dag komen, bestaan uit een epimetamorfe serie van prasinieten, afgewisseld met grafietschisten; ondergeschikt komen kwartsphyllieten en gneisachtige kwartsschisten voor; voorts werd een aantal inschakelingen van metamorfe diabazen waargenomen. Een tuf-oorsprong voor de prasinieten wordt verondersteld; de metamorfe diabazen zijn waarschijnlijk ge\xc3\xafnterstratifieerde lavas ge\xc3\xabxtrudeerd tijdens dit vulkanisme. Het grondgebergte van de Centrale Cordillera wordt bij wijze van proef vergeleken met de metamorfe gesteenten van Oud-Palaeozoische ouderdom, welke in de Oost Cordillera aan de dag komen.\nEen beschrijving wordt gegeven van de Jura-Triassische formaties, welke de Oostelijke helling van de Centrale Cordillera bedekken en gelegen zijn tussen de R\xc3\xado Coello en R\xc3\xado Cucuana. Monzonieten en granodiorieten werden tijdens de Jura ge\xc3\xafntrudeerd. Een sectie werd gemaakt door het marine Krijt, dat een micro- en macrofauna bevat.\nOp de Westflank is het grondgebergte van de Centrale Cordillera in abnormaal contact met de Diabaas Groep (\xe2\x80\x9eporfyriet formatie\xe2\x80\x9d-Grosse) van Midden tot Boven Cretaceische ouderdom. Deze Diabaas Groep bestaat uit submarine lavas, ge\xc3\xafnterstratifieerd met kiezelleien en cherts. Ingeplooide limnische afzettingen van Paleocene ouderdom liggen discordant op de Diabaas Groep. Een schollenbouw is karakteristiek voor beide flanken van de Centrale Cordillera.\nHet grondgebergte van de West Cordillera wordt hoofdzakelijk gevormd door twee formaties, t. w. de Dagua Groep en de reeds genoemde Diabaas Groep. Eerstgenoemde kan op de volgende wijze in drie series onderverdeeld worden: de onderste serie, bestaande uit phyllitische leien; de middelste serie, bestaande uit fijnzandige gesteenten, afgewisselde door enige kalkhorizonten, voorts leien, die phyllitisch kunnen zijn tengevolge van dislocatie-effecten; de bovenste serie, bestaande uit kiezelleien en zwarte chert. De Dagua Groep wordt concordant bedekt door de Diabaas Groep. Deze bezit dunne inschakelingen van schalies en kiezelleien, waarin een Boven Krijt fauna gevonden werd. Het Cauca bekken is ge\xc3\xafntrudeerd door tonalieten van Boven Krijt tot Onder Tertiaire ouderdom, welke duidelijke thermale contacten teweeg gebracht hebben. Het middengedeelte van de West Cordillera heeft een typische schubstructuur. De Cauca vallei moet niet gezien worden als een tectonische slenk in de gebruikelijke zin van het woord, doch als een neergedrukt, gekanteld blok.\nIn het laatste hoofdstuk worden enige opmerkingen gemaakt over de ontwikkeling van de Andine geosynclinalen.

Beschreibung: The relation between orogenic movements and metamorphism is discussed. Schistosity and especially lineations are characteristic for metamorphites of the synkinematic phase. Lineations show a regular pattern. Late-kinematic metamorphism accompanied by different kinds of movement result in irregular rock flowage and rheomorphism. The structures of synkinematic mica-schists, gneisses, amphibolites and marbles are discussed.\nIn the three satellite massifs a series of gneisses and granitic rocks exists which are the products of silica and sodium metasomatism of originally pelitic rocks. The time and duration of the metamorphism determines the final state of the rocks. Synkinematic metamorphism alone gave rise to the garnet-augen-gneisses which, being rather dry, can be classified in the granulite facies. The lower part of these augen-gneisses are converted into schistose (not linear) gneisses and granites by post-kinematic feldspathisation. At the same time many anhydrous minerals are replaced by hydrous ones. Late-kinematic feldspathisation without a preceding synkinematic feldspar phase, leads to the formation of migmatites (sillimanitegneisses), and by continuing metamorphism to quartz-diorites. The transitional rocks between the garnet-augen-gneisses and the migmatites are the granitic biotite-muscovite-gneisses. Rheomorphism and mobilization of tho quartz-diorites is an important feature and probably leads finally to the intrusive biotite-granodiorites.\nThe muscovite-granites and gneisses which in part are also synkinematic, show a strong late phase of microclinization, due to potash metasomatism, originating from the underlying migmatites. In the mica-schists also, a syn- and post-kinematic phase of metamorphism can be detected.\nThe biotite-granodiorites show a different texture compared with the quartz-diorites of the migmatite-series. Their age is younger than the last phase of metamorphism, since the biotite-granodiorites did not participate in a late stage of muscovitisation, which is characteristic for most of the metamorphic rocks. These granodiorites are considered as intrusive magmatic bodies, originating from deeper levels, where continuing rheomorphism has lead to complete liquefaction.\nChemical analyses showed that the migmatites and the basal gneisses are enriched in silica, sodium and some calcium. Aluminium, iron, some magnesium, and titanium are removed. The quartz-diorites lost part of their potash. The muscovite-granites and gneisses show a strong enrichment in silica, sodium and potash. Aluminium, iron and magnesium are expelled.\nCharacteristic for the synkinematic phase is abundance of anhydrous minerals which suggest metasomatism in a dry state. Post-kinematic metasomatism goes together with introduction of water. The behaviour of water is considered to be responsible for the structural difference between syn- and post-kinematic rocks.\nFinally the repartition of the various gneisses in the three satellite massifs is discussed.

Beschreibung: In 1956 werden de karteringen in de Pyrenee\xc3\xabn, N.-Palencia (Asturi\xc3\xab) en Galici\xc3\xab voortgezet. Geen nieuwe gebieden werden in het onderzoek betrokken, die niet direct aansloten bij die van vorige jaren.\nIn de Pyrenee\xc3\xabn werd als nieuw werk voornamelijk uitgegaan van de kartering in het zuidelijk gedeelte van de Noguera Pallaresa tussen Llavorsi en Pobla de Segur. De Flamisell en de Ma\xc3\xb1anet werden in het onderzoek betrokken. Bovendien werd door Dr. Zwart en de Heer Allaart samen met de Heer Verspijck de metamorfe zone rond de Ari\xc3\xa8ge opnieuw in studie genomen.

Beschreibung: The northern part of the contact aureole of the biotite-granite of Qu\xc3\xa9rigut contains limestones and dolomites, which have been metamorphosed over a distance of about 100 to 150 metres. Further, a wide innermost border zone of the igneous body is characterized by the development of some hornblende and the occurrence of many dark inclusions, as well as aplitic and porphyritic dikes. A narrow outermost border zone of the granite is conspicuous by a much larger proportion of hornblende and accessories, the development of clinopyroxene in the immediate vicinity of the contact, and finally by a heterogeneous texture. Scarce localities where comparatively fresh granite is in direct contact with the dolomitic country rock, revealed the presence of a narrow zone of silicate skarn, developed exactly at the junction. Adjoining the skarn, the granite of the outermost border zone shows a very narrow and highly modified border facies over a distance of a few mm. to 5 cm., the so-called transition zone. Three types of this zone are distinguished: a prehnite-rich type, a clinozoisite- and zoisite-rich type and a grossularbearing one.\nThough the contact is very irregular, the zone of the silicate skarns follows all its curves and is remarkably constant in width (4\xe2\x80\x947 cm.). The adjoining country rock being almost pure dolomitic marble, the zone of the silicate skarns has apparently been formed by extensive metasomatism over a very limited distance. Within the skarn zone itself, a zonal structure is also apparent, with six different mineral assemblages, the spinel-xanthophyllite zone being the most conspicuous. Since the skarn consists mainly of a diopsidic clinopyroxene, it is broadly speaking a silicated dolomite. According to the mineralogical composition of the different zones, however, a certain amount of iron and aluminium has also been introduced by diffusion from the adjacent granitic magma, the proportion of both elements diminishing towards the marble. Among the various earlier and later minerals observed in the skarns, a thulite-like clinozoisite, amesite and diaspore may also be mentioned.\nAlternating layers of pure and impure limestones and dolomites, making up the bulk of the country rock, have been subjected to thermal metamorphism and partly also to pneumatolytic action. The pure limestones and dolomites were recrystallized to pure marbles. Impure limestones were transformed into calcite marbles with varying proportion of contact minerals, such as clinozoisite-epidote, prehnite, diopside, grossular, idocrase and wollastonite. Pure and impure quartzitic layers and lenses intercalated between the earlier limestones are now calc-silicate hornfelses, composed mainly of the minerals just mentioned. The impure dolomites were converted into dolomitic marbles with magnesium-rich minerals such as forsterite, phlogopite and spinel, while pneumatolytic action superimposed on the thermal metamorphism partly transformed the forsterite into clinohumite. Besides these four widespread minerals, chondrodite, humite and fluoborite have been found locally. Some of the spinels display two different colours within the same crystal. All steps in the progressive alteration of spinel into hydrotalcite are visible.\nOf the more than sixty minerals encountered in the rocks of the contact aureole and the border zone of the granite (listed on p. 255), six are probably new for France, viz. amesite, fluoborite, hydrotalcite, manasseite, xanthophyllite and a thulite-like clinozoisite. The alteration phenomena of some of the earlier minerals are of special interest and we may mention here that of spinel into diaspore, hydrotalcite and two types of amesite; of xanthophyllite into a. o. amesite, prehnite and clinozoisite; and finally of biotite into a. o. pumpellyite and garnet. Comparative studies of rocks from several other areas revealed similar alteration phenomena. The secondary garnet of a peculiar, flat, lenticular shape is probably of hydrothermal origin and appears to be a quite common mineral which has apparently hitherto been confused with other minerals such as zoisite.\nFinally, two new localities of clintonite have been found, one in Spain (Serran\xc3\xada de Ronda) and the other in the U.S.A. (Franklin).

Beschreibung: DE PYCNOGONIDEN-\nFAMILIE AUSTRODECIDAE\nToen mij, in 1954, uit Oslo een verzameling Pycnogonida van de \xe2\x80\x9eNorwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunda 1937\xe2\x80\x941938\xe2\x80\x9c ter bewerking werd opgezonden, kon ik niet vermoeden dat deze kleine collectie aanleiding zou geven tot een uitgebreide revisie van een gehele familie. In het Noorse materiaal van Tristan da Cunha bevond zich evenwel \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n Austrodecus soort, die sterk geleek op een reeds beschreven vorm van de Antarctische Austrodecus glaciale. Om geheel zeker te zijn van de determinatie vroeg ik enig vergelijkingsmateriaal van deze vorm ter leen aan het British Museum (Natural History) te London. Tot mijn verrassing bleek niet alleen het materiaal van Tristan da Cunha tot een andere soort te behoren, doch bleek ook het Antarctische materiaal veel minder uniform te zijn dan ik had verwacht. Dr. Isabella Gordon, conservatrix van de afdeling Pycnogonida in het British Museum, zond mij desgevraagd welwillend het gehele, zeer grote materiaal op, verzameld tijdens de Discovery Expedition en de British \xe2\x80\x93 Australian \xe2\x80\x93 New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition. Het bleek nu al spoedig dat een algehele revisie van de familie Austrodecidae nodig was. Hiertoe werd van een aanzienlijk aantal instituten materiaal geleend, zodat ik van alle soorten exemplaren onder ogen kreeg. Alle soorten zijn beschreven of opnieuw beschreven en afgebeeld (pags. 33\xe2\x80\x9477) en hun verschilmerken opnieuw op hun waarde onderzocht (pags. 26\xe2\x80\x9427). Naast deze biosystematische revisie, werd veel aandacht besteed aan de waarschijnlijke wijze van ontstaan van de soorten der Austrodecidae.\nTegenwoordig wordt meer en meer aangenomen dat geographische isolatie \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n der belangrijkste factoren is bij het soortvormingsproces. Bij op het land levende organismen is reeds bij herhaling aangetoond dat de morphologische en genetische samenstelling der populaties die tezamen een soort vormen, varieert met de landstreek door die populaties bewoond. Indien de soort in zijn areaal zeer continu verspreid is, uit zulke geographische variatie zich meestal in geleidelijke veranderingen in de morphologische en genetische samenstelling. Is daarentegen de verspreiding discontinu, bijvoorbeeld doordat ge\xc3\xafsoleerde populaties van een soort op eilanden voorkomen, dan kunnen er sprongsgewijze veranderingen aantoonbaar zijn. In het algemeen worden zulke afwijkende populaties ondersoorten genoemd. Als zo\xe2\x80\x99n ondersoort het contact met de overige populaties verliest, zal zij, door toedoen van allerlei processen zoals mutatie, selectie, adaptatie, \xe2\x80\x9egenetic drift\xe2\x80\x9c ..., haar eigen weg gaan. In de loop van de tijd zal zij zodanige verschillen met de oorspronkelijke soort gaan ontwikkelen, dat zij als een aparte soort dient te worden opgevat. Behalve morphologische verschillen zijn er dan ook genetische verschillen ontwikkeld, zodat kruisingen tussen de oorspronkelijke soort en de daarvan afgeleide niet meer mogelijk zijn.\nDit proces nu wordt soortvorming door geographische isolatie, of ook wel geographische speciatie, genoemd. Bij zeedieren, die in den regel meer continu verspreid zijn dan landdieren, treedt isolatie zoveel moeilijker op. Soortvorming door geographische isolatie is daarom slechts zelden aangetoond bij zeedieren. Het is derhalve interessant dat werd gevonden dat deze wijze van soortvorming bij de zeespin-familie Austrodecidae een zeer belangrijke rol heeft gespeeld. Zoals bekend, geschiedt geographische speciatie in twee stappen. Tijdens de eerste stap valt de aanvankelijk continu verspreide soort uiteen in een aantal ge\xc3\xafsoleerde populaties. Als geen uitwisseling van genenmateriaal tussen deze populaties plaatsvindt, zullen deze populaties van elkaar divergeren, tot ondersoorten worden en daarna tot soorten. Tijdens de tweede stap kunnen sommige van deze allopatrische populaties weer in elkaars verspreidingsgebied terecht komen, doch zij zullen hier naast elkaar kunnen blijven voortbestaan omdat zij tijdens hun geographische isolatie tevens een voortplantingsisolatie hebben verkregen. De Pycnogoniden-familie Austrodecidae nu, levert een aantal fraaie voorbeelden van beide stappen (pags. 10\xe2\x80\x9414). Als mogelijke redenen waarom de soortvorming door middel van geographische isolatie in deze familie zo actief is (is geweest), worden o.a. aangewezen: de merkwaardige geographische en klimatologische condities in de zuidelijke zee\xc3\xabn (pags. 20\xe2\x80\x9421), de zeer gespecialiseerde morphologische bouw der Austrodecidae, die waarschijnlijk met een gespecialiseerde levenswijze gecorreleerd is (pag. 19) en de afwijkende voortplanting (pag. 19). De familie Austrodecidae omvatte v\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb3r de revisie slechts vijf soorten, waarvan er \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n met drie (onbenoemde) varieteiten. N\xc3\xa1 de revisie is dit aantal uitgebreid tot 17 zekere soorten en een viertal onzekere. De verspreiding dezer soorten is nogal merkwaardig: een aantal bewoont de Antarctische wateren (het Antarctische continent, South Georgia), terwijl verscheidene andere de, eveneens koude, wateren der Antiboreale zone (Vuurland, Patagoni\xc3\xab, Falkland eilanden, Macquarie eiland, Campbell en Auckland eilanden, Prince Edward eilanden, Tristan da Cunha en Gough eiland enz.) bewonen. Via de eilanden-reeks ten oosten van Australi\xc3\xab (Macquarie eiland, Campbell en Auckland eilanden, Nieuw Zeeland) dringen een niet onbelangrijk aantal soorten naar het noorden door tot ver in de warm-gematigde zone.\nHet is in dit verspreidingspatroon opvallend, dat de heden ten dage door de Austrodecidae bewoonde kusten onderling sterke klimatologische verschillen vertonen en vaak door grote afstanden van elkaar gescheiden zijn. Bij nadere beschouwing valt het echter tevens op, dat vrijwel al deze kusten volgens de theorie van de Drift der Continenten vroeger \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n kustlijn zouden hebben gevormd (pag. 25). Vergelijken wij de kaarten die A. Wegener heeft vervaardigd ter illustratie van de drifttheorie (fig. 10) dan zien wij dat practisch het gehele huidige verspreidingsgebied van de Austrodecidae, van Patagoni\xc3\xab in het westen tot Nieuw Zeeland in het oosten, deel uitmaakte van de continue zuidelijke kustlijn van Pangaea, het oercontinent voordat de continenten uit elkander geweken waren. De verspreiding van de Austrodecidae kan dus met de theorie van de Drift der Continenten goed in overeenstemming geacht worden.

Beschreibung: Mme PRUVOT-FOL, 1933, p. 400, established the subgenus Tullia for Aplysia juliana QUOY et GAIMARD, and 1934, p. 41 added other species of Aplysia with a distinct sucking disk at the end of the foot. Living animals have been figured and their variation has been described by BABA 1937a, p. 211, and 1949, p. 24 and 125 as Tethys and Aplysia sibogae. In a recent paper, PILSBRY, 1951, beautifully figured and described the living animals as Aplysia (subgen. nov. Metaplysia) badistes nov. spec. He points to the fact (verified in our preserved animals) that the anterior part of the foot-sole also tends to form a sucking disk. However, it is not separated by a (more or less distinct) groove from the rest of the foot (see PILSBRY\xe2\x80\x99S fig. 4) as is the posterior disk.\nIn 1955 a paper was published by MACNAE, who considers that at least five species of the subgenus Tullia belong to one species, ENGEL having suggested this identity when he had the pleasure of seeing Dr. MACNAE in Amsterdam and discussing his old notes on Tullia with him. We agree with him that most specimens of the subgenus Tullia belong to one species, viz. juliana (syn.? sorex). We only accept some Tullia\xe2\x80\x99s (cf. p. 22) as separate species. MACNAE gives valuable remarks on the living animals, their \xe2\x80\x9dprogression in the way of a looper caterpillar\xe2\x80\x9d and the appearance of the sole of the foot. He observed that the sucking disk is visible only when the animal is \xe2\x80\x9dlooping\xe2\x80\x9d, and sometimes (not always !) after preservation. Is is probable that the posterior disk is distinct only in specimens which were preserved while the posterior pedal glands were in a state of active secretion. \xc2\xb9)

Beschreibung: ZMA.\xc2\xb9) 100273, holotype. Longueur totale 49 mm. Longueur \xc3\xa9talon 45 mm. Longueur de la t\xc3\xaate 9 mm. Hauteur 10 mm. D 95. A 82. C 12. V 4. S? Mx IV. En centi\xc3\xa8mes de la longueur \xc3\xa9talon: t\xc3\xaate 20; hauteur 22. En centi\xc3\xa8mes de la longueur de la t\xc3\xaate: \xc5\x93il 11; uropt\xc3\xa9rygie 44. L\xe2\x80\x99aire nasale z\xc3\xa9nithale est enti\xc3\xa8rement squameuse; peut-\xc3\xaatre en est-il de m\xc3\xaame pour l\xe2\x80\x99aire nasale nadirale, bien qu\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa0 un fort grossissement (X80) il m\xe2\x80\x99ait \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 possible d\xe2\x80\x99y apercevoir quelques s\xc3\xa9ries de papilles \xc3\xa9pidermiques(\xc2\xb2) A l\xe2\x80\x99exception de la r\xc3\xa9gion c\xc3\xa9phalique, la pholidose z\xc3\xa9nithale est presque enti\xc3\xa8rement d\xc3\xa9truite. L\xe2\x80\x99individu est enti\xc3\xa8rement d\xc3\xa9color\xc3\xa9, \xc3\xa0 part le p\xc3\xa9ritoine, dont la pigmentation m\xc3\xa9lanique reste discernable. Etymologie: fallax, trompeur.\nSiboga, station 256, parages des \xc3\xaeles Kei, 5\xc2\xb0 26\xe2\x80\x99 6\xe2\x80\x9d S, 132\xc2\xb0 32\xe2\x80\x99 5\xe2\x80\x9d E, 397 m., vase.

Beschreibung: In the spring of 1954, from April 28 to June 14, six members of the scientific staff of the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam made a collecting trip to Yugoslavia. The primary purpose of this journey was collecting for the Museum, animals from that part of Europe being only poorly represented. At the same time, it was the intention to collect large series at as many localities as possible for the study of geographical variation. Collecting activities were restricted to certain animal groups, according to the personal interest and collecting experience of the participants. Therefore, the collections chiefly consist of invertebrates: (Macro) Lepidoptera, Arachnoidea, Isopoda, Mollusca, and aquatic microfauna (Copepoda, Amphipoda, Nematoda, Hydrachnidae, Halacaridae).\nThe results of the expedition will be published under the collective title \xe2\x80\x9cZoological results of a collecting journey to Yugoslavia, 1954\xe2\x80\x9d, and will appear successively in Beaufortia.

Beschreibung: An investigation was made in order to ascertain the mode of variation of length and breadth of eggs of the black-headed gull (Larus r. ridibundus) from a colony on the northeastern side of the island of Texel in the Netherlands. The colony can be divided into two ecologically different areas. A difference could be shown in the measurements of eggs collected in these areas. Two possible explanations of this coincidence are given.\nMethods of egg collecting and measuring are discussed, and data and tables of the findings during 1950, 1951 and 1952 are furnished. On account of the flood and disaster of 1953 the investigation was broken off before its completion. The fact that mean measurements and weights must be used with due caution is emphasized.

Beschreibung: Von seilen des Zoologischen Museums in Amsterdam wurde im Jahre 1954 eine Exkursion gemacht nach Jugoslavien. Zum Ergebnis geh\xc3\xb6rte auch eine kleine Sammlung Wassermilben. Diese Milben waren mir freundlichst von Herrn J. H. STOCK, Zoologisches Museum, Amsterdam, zur Bearbeitung \xc3\xbcberreicht worden. Folgende Arten habe ich in der Sammlung feststellen k\xc3\xb6nnen: Stat. 14. Forelia curvipalpis, \xe2\x99\x80 . . . . . . 2 St\xc3\xbcck Mideopsis crassipes, \xe2\x99\x80 . . . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Arrenurus albator. \xe2\x99\x80 . . . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Stat. 15. Forelia curvipalpis, Nymphe . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Mideopsis crassipes. Stat. 16. \xe2\x99\x82, \xe2\x99\x80 . . . . . . 2 St\xc3\xbcck Forelia curvipalpis, Nymphe . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Lebertia inaequalis, Stat. 74. Nymphe . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Limnesia undulata, \xe2\x99\x82, \xe2\x99\x80, Ei . . . . 3 St\xc3\xbcck Neumania vernalis var., ?, \xe2\x99\x82 . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Brachypoda versicolor, \xe2\x99\x80, Ei . . . 13 St\xc3\xbcck Stat. 75a. Lebertia inaequalis, Nymphe . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Stat. 75b. Lebertia inaequalis, \xe2\x99\x80 . . . . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck Stat. 77. Lebertia inaequalis. \xe2\x99\x82, Nymphe . . 3 St\xc3\xbcck Brachypoda versicolor, \xe2\x99\x80, Ei . . . 1 St\xc3\xbcck

Beschreibung: From August 16 till September 1, 1955, Dr. H. C. Bl\xc3\xb6te, Mr. J. J. Barkman, and the present author were the leaders of an excursion of students in biology of the University at Leiden to Central France. For some two weeks the party was hospitably lodged in the "Station Biologique" in the village Besse-en-Chandesse (d\xc3\xa9partement Puy de D\xc3\xb4me), 30 km S.S.W. of Clermont-Ferrand. Thanks to the generosity of Prof. R. Hovasse and Dr. L.\nOlivier, we could stay in this biological institute, which belongs to the University at Clermont-Ferrand.\nDuring the excursion the author paid special attention to the collecting of land and freshwater Mollusca. The very dry and hot weather during our stay was one of the main difficulties in carrying the project into execution; moreover, the region has a rather poor malacofauna as a result of the nearly complete absence of lime in the soil.\nThe climate of the here discussed part of Auvergne, the massif of the Monts Dore, is typically Atlantic; the region has a considerable amount of rainfall (1150\xe2\x80\x942500 mm per annum). The highlands are situated at the northwestern border of the Massif Central, representing an area completely exposed to the northern and western winds of the Atlantic Ocean. The warmest month is August with an average temperature of 14.80 C.\nThe Massif Central is of volcanic origin; it consists mainly of metamorphous granite, formed during the Lower Carboniferous, on which beds of lava and volcanic ashes were deposited during the Tertiary. The cones of four extinguished volcanoes rise from a slightly undulating table-land of a height of about 1000 m; the highest of these mountains, the Puy de Sancy, attains a height of 1866 m. Mineral sources are the only remains of volcanic

Beschreibung: From Mr. A. Werner, collector and animal dealer at Munich, Germany, the Leiden Museum received a collection of 1012 well preserved specimens of fishes from Stanley Pool (L\xc3\xa9opoldville), Belgian Congo. As several species proved to be new for this locality and are not mentioned in Poll\'s paper on the fishes from Stanley Pool (1939), the following publication was considered worth while. Moreover, a new Synodontid species, Synodontis werneri, is described.\nIn the present report, the various species are recorded in the same order as in Poll\'s account. The name of the locality, being always the same, is omitted further on.\nProtopterus dolloi Boulenger 2 ex., January 1956, 76-91 mm.\nBoth specimens are juvenile and have the tail slightly mutilated. Scales in 90-98 transverse rows between occiput and vent, 42-44 around the body. The rather stout limbs are short, the anterior pair about 4.5 in head, the posterior pair 5/5 and 4/2 in head, the small specimen having the longest posterior limbs. The three external gills are small, 1-1.5 eye-diameter. The distance from origin of dorsal fin to occiput is about 1.5 times the distance to vent.\nThe colouration is wholly dark.\nProtopterus spec. 57 ex., August 1955, 33-47 mm.\nThese juvenile specimens appear to belong to a second species, but a definite identification seems inadvisable on account of lack of sufficient comparative material.\nThe following data can be given: head 4-4.5 in head and trunk; dorsal

Beschreibung: For several years, The New York Botanical Garden has conducted a study of vegetation overlying certain ferruginous areas principally in Venezuela. During the winter of 1954-55, field work was organized to continue reconnaissance of plant-cover growing on iron-cap or ore-bodies in northeastern Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, and British Guiana. In addition to studies in iron-bearing localities, observations and some statistical studies were made on manganiferous and bauxitic deposits in the region of Guiana.\nDr. Cowan spent the period October-March in the field. We were together for the first three weeks, and again in the fore-part of January. Dr. Jan C. Lindeman of Utrecht accompanied Dr. Cowan for two weeks to Nassau-gebergte in Suriname. Independently I visited Nassau Mountains and Moengo for three weeks in March.

Beschreibung: PR\xc3\x89\nFACE\nAu cours d\'\xc3\xa9tudes sur la biologie des Processa des mers europ\xc3\xa9ennes (1937-1944), le premier auteur fut frapp\xc3\xa9 par les diff\xc3\xa9rences singuli\xc3\xa8res que pr\xc3\xa9sentaient des sp\xc3\xa9cimens qui, en accord avec l\'opinion courante, devaient se rapporter \xc3\xa0 une m\xc3\xaame esp\xc3\xa8ce. I1 r\xc3\xa9solut d\'approfondir le c\xc3\xb4t\xc3\xa9 syst\xc3\xa9matique de la question et rassembla un tr\xc3\xa8s important mat\xc3\xa9riel provenant de localit\xc3\xa9s vari\xc3\xa9es. Les p\xc3\xaaches les plus consid\xc3\xa9rables ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 effectu\xc3\xa9es au voisinage de Monaco (de Nice \xc3\xa0 Menton) avec l\'aide pr\xc3\xa9cieuse du personnel et des moyens du Mus\xc3\xa9e Oc\xc3\xa9anographique ou de p\xc3\xaacheurs de la r\xc3\xa9gion. D\'autres r\xc3\xa9coltes ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 effectu\xc3\xa9es dans la r\xc3\xa9gion de Roscoff et sur les c\xc3\xb4tes du Finist\xc3\xa8re par l\'auteur lui-m\xc3\xaame; des exemplaires provenant de la m\xc3\xaame r\xc3\xa9gion lui ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 c\xc3\xa9d\xc3\xa9s par divers chercheurs et en particulier par Messieurs Ch. Bocquet et R. Cornet. D\'assez nombreux exemplaires ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 trouv\xc3\xa9s dans des estomacs de Trigles p\xc3\xaach\xc3\xa9s au large d\'Arcachon (Nouvel, 1950) et Monsieur P. Lubet a eu l\'amabilit\xc3\xa9 d\'effectuer, pour nous, quelques r\xc3\xa9coltes dans le bassin. Enfin, diff\xc3\xa9rentes collections ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 confi\xc3\xa9es au m\xc3\xaame auteur par le Museum d\'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, le Mus\xc3\xa9e Oc\xc3\xa9anographique de Monaco, la Station Biologique de Banyuls, l\'Institut Ch\xc3\xa9rifien de Rabat et par le Professeur Th. Monod. L\'examen de cet abondant mat\xc3\xa9riel amena l\'auteur \xc3\xa0 conclure que les deux esp\xc3\xa8ces europ\xc3\xa9ennes admises par Lebour (1936) repr\xc3\xa9sentaient, en r\xc3\xa9alit\xc3\xa9, deux groupes d\'esp\xc3\xa8ces.\nLors de ses recherches sur les Caridea Ouest-africains, le second auteur distingua trois esp\xc3\xa8ces de Processa et lorsqu\'il voulut comparer celles-ci avec le mat\xc3\xa9riel europ\xc3\xa9en, il rencontra les m\xc3\xaames difficult\xc3\xa9s que le premier

Beschreibung: In the introduction the criteria are mentioned which enable us to distinguish the products of the synkinematic and post-kinematic phases of the Hercynian metamorphism. A short characteristic has been given of the Silurian and Cambro-Ordovician rocks.\nThe mica-schists, discussed in Chapter I, are exposed in the southeastern, central and northern parts of the mapped area. The grade of metamorphism increases from north to south in this rock-series. A biotite-, an andalusiteand a sillimanite zone can be distinguished. The biotite- and andalusite zones originated during the synkinematic phase. However, the sillimanite of the mica-schists is thought to be post-kinematic. There are indications that the rocks of the sillimanite zone have undergone high-grade metamorphism. In the low-grade biotite-muscovite-schists a marble layer occurs with biotite-gneiss bands, containing fairly basic plagioclase.\nThree varieties of synkinematic gneiss are distinguished: A) Sillimanitegneisses (migmatites), B) quartz-dioritic gneisses and C) homogeneous biotite-gneisses. The migmatites predominate in a 200 m thick zone which is located structurally below the mica-schists. The migmatization (both lit-par-lit replacement and metamorphic differentiation probably were involved) appears to be late- to post-kinematic. Nearly all the sillimanite, however, is postkinematic. The quartz-dioritic gneisses are supposed to have been formed by a selective sodium metasomatism of lime-bearing pelites. The biotite-gneisses possibly originated from semipelitic or pelitic rocks by sodium metasomatism.\nThe quartz-diorites which occur structurally below the zone of migmatites, mentioned above, occupy most of the area in the north-eastern and southeastern parts of the region investigated. In most cases it was clear that these rocks were formed by rheomorphism at the expense of migmatites. On the other hand, static recrystallization of homogeneous biotite-gneisses may also result in the formation of quartz-diorites. The field observations show that rheomorphism took place on a regional scale in the Trois Seigneurs massif. Nowhere do the quartz-diorites break through the sillimanite-gneiss zone, which forms a continuous envelope around these rocks. Numerous relics of the pre-existing rock series are still recognizable in the autochthonous quartzdiorites.\nThe resisters (Chapter IV) occur as conformable layers or lenses in the synkinematic gneisses. These lenses and layers have been broken into many pieces, due to the flow movements in the rheomorphic quartz-diorites. A series of rock types of sedimentary origin (part I) could be distinguished: magnesian and non-magnesian marbles and lime-silicate rocks, hornblende and biotite-bytownite-gneisses (presumably original marls) and quartzites. They may be intercalated, and usually show a typical sedimentary banding. Transitions between the three different types have been observed. Another group of resisters (part II) show characteristics which indicate that they are of igneous origin. The quartz-gabbros (part III) probably originated at the expense of amphibolites through an extreme static recrystallization.\nIn the registers a synkinematic paragenesis can be distinguished which can be placed in the amphibolite facies. The following minerals: diopside, clinopyroxene, grossularite, wollastonite, forsterite, spinel, calcic plagioclase and green hornblende characterize this paragenesis. Furthermore a high-grade post-kinematic association is present which contains, among others: cummingtonite, light green amphibole, pargasite, cordierite (?), anthophyllite (?), and bytownite. During the post-kinematic phase the green hornblende of the hornblende-bytownite-gneisses apparently remained stable as did the clinopyroxene, grossularite and basic plagioclase of the lime-silicate rocks. In association with late cross-cutting pegmatites a low-grade paragenesis occurs: sericite, pennine, epidote, clinozoisite, prehnite, actinolite and albite. It was not possible to establish, whether the tremolite, epidote and clinozoisite of the lime-silicate rocks originated in association with pegmatites, or as a result of the cooling in the rock series during the latest stages of the metamorphism. In general the resisters probably underwent an isochemical metamorphism.\nSills or cross-cutting dykes of pegmatite and leucocratic granitic rocks (Chapter V) are of frequent occurrence in the gneisses of the Trois Seigneurs massif. They originated during many different stages of the Hercynian metamorphism. In the quartz-diorites the early sills reacted as plastic bodies during the stage of rheomorphism and preserved their original parallel position. The muscovite-granite of the Pic d\xe2\x80\x99Estibat is located close above the migmatite boundary.\nThe biotite-muscovite granite of la Ruse (Chapter VI) is possibly intrusive and perhaps originated at the expense of a concentration of pegmatites and leucocratic granites which, as a rule, occur near the migmatite boundary.\nThe biotite-granodiorite of the Pic des Trois Seigneurs is described in Chapter VII. Its intrusive character is clear, mainly from evidence of shouldering aside the enclosing rocks. It is suggested that the original magma of the granodiorite originated at the expense of autochthonous gneisses and quartzdiorites which have become intrusive. There are indications that the granodiorite body narrows downward and that the connection with the autochthonous rocks has more or less been lost.\nBodies of chlorite-albite rock (Chapter VIII) occur in many places in the gneisses and quartz-diorites of the mapped area, but also in the biotite-granodiorite of the Pic des Trois Seigneurs, and even in the micaschists. It could be proved that these rocks were formed through a strong sodium metasomatism under hydrothermal conditions. Especially in the field, the original appearance of the pre-existing rocks has been well preserved. Small lenses of chloritite frequently occur in the chlorite-albite rocks. They are original basic resisters. These rocks appear to be later than the late-Hercynian cross-cutting pegmatites. The age of the chlorite-albite rocks could not yet be determined. Possibly they are associated with the late-Hercynian period of faulting or with the Alpine orogeny. The influence of chloritization and albitization is also clear in gneisses and quartz-diorites near important fault zones.\nThe structural relations of the Trois Seigneurs massif with respect to the surrounding mesozoic rocks and the axial zone of the Pyrenees are discussed in the last chapter.

Beschreibung: The present publication deals with the geology of the area known as the Ida ou Zal, situated principally in the Palaeozoic of the Western High Atlas mountains in Morocco. The area extends grosso modo between Argana (N), Sidi Idir (E), Menizla (S) and Tirkou (W); its centre lies at 34\xc2\xb010 N\xe2\x80\x9412\xc2\xb065 W.\nThe stratigraphical sequence covers formations from \xe2\x80\x94 as we assume \xe2\x80\x94 the Infracambrian (loc. Adoudounien) up to and including the Trias.\nIn the so-called Caledonian geosyncline, extending in a roughly E\xe2\x80\x94W direction along the northern edge of the African shield, series of Older Palaeozoic sediments of some 10 km thickness were deposited starting with the Basal-formation (?) of the Adoudounian (?) and reaching up to and including the Upper-Ordovician (Caradoc?).\nIn the Adoudounian it came to a vehement volcanism with lava extrusions probably of a basaltic or andesitic composition. The Georgian s.s. consists of marbles and limy shales, for the greater part presenting the appearance of what the French call \xe2\x80\x9ecalcaires scoriac\xc3\xa9s\xe2\x80\x9d. As to the origin of this extraordinary type of rock the present author puts forward a tectonic explanation. A volcanic activity with submarine extrusions of spilitic lavas took place at the end of the Georgian, probably continuing into the beginning of the Acadian. The Lower Acadian is characterised by re-sedimented tuffs, showing graded beddings. The Sardic tectonic phase reveals itself by at least a disconformity that includes the Potsdamian; a slight angular unconformity between the Ordovician and the Acadian seems probable.\nGothlandian (Wenlock-Ludlow) and Devonian (Siegenian) only occur in overthrust sheets.\nThe autochthonous was folded by a Hercynian phase; the tectonic elements are directed N\xe2\x80\x94S in the Western part of the area, curving to neary NE\xe2\x80\x94SW in the East. The author presumes that this folding is related directly to that of the Anti Atlas, where it is attributed to the Second Erzgebirge folding-phase. The palaeozoic of the Western High Atlas may probably be considered as the Northern flank of a wide anticlinorium, the Southern offshoots of the Anti Atlas forming the Southward dipping flank; the Precambrian outcrops in the core. The curving of the tectonic elements in the Western High Atlas and in the Western Anti Atlas is analogous. A hypothesis is set forward that explains the curving through an adaptation of the tectonical elements \xe2\x80\x94 whilst folding \xe2\x80\x94 to the NW corner of the African shield.\nOverthrusts developed, probably as a result of later Hercynian tectonic movements, i. c. one of the Asturian phases. A large overthrust can be followed in the field from the extreme SE of the area to its Western part. As far as could be observed the overthrust is mainly composed of Georgian and Acadian p.p. the sandy formation, presumably Acadian, in the present publication known as \xe2\x80\x9cAcadien gr\xc3\xa9seux probable\xe2\x80\x9d. Overthrusted Gothlandian and Devonian appear in the Western part of the area, partly between, partly in front of the principal mass of the overthrust. The writer supposes that the root of the overthrust will lie somewhere to the south east. A subsiding basin was formed during the greater part of the Stephanian and the beginning of the Autunian, in which lacustrine sediments \xe2\x80\x94 first red, later greenish \xe2\x80\x94 were deposited, covering a pre-existing relief. The total thickness amounts to at least 1500 m, the formation bears all characteristics of a post-orogenetic suite. It is taken that the lake can be considered as an Intramontane trough (Umbgrove) ; the longitudinal extension was parallel to the direction of the structural elements of the basement i. e. N\xe2\x80\x94S. It is assumed that the whole width of the area was part of the basin.\nThe area was lifted and slightly folded in about E\xe2\x80\x94W direction by the Post-Autunien tectonic phase (Saalian phase). The \xe2\x80\x9eAgadir ou Anzizen fault\xe2\x80\x9d originated during or after the folding; the author assumes that at this stage other E\xe2\x80\x94W faults came into being as well. In the case of the Agadir ou Anzizen fault, the southern block subsided with respect to the northern block. In the area all of the Stephano-Autunien sediments N of the fault were eroded. There the Trias covers directly the pre-Stephanian Palaeozoic, while on the other side the Trias overlies Stephano-Autunien, from which it is separated by an angular unconformity.\nThe Trias has a typical molasse fades; it is completely composed of red sediments, attaining a thickness of about 2400 m, not counting the conglomerats at its base. The source of the sedimentary material probably must be sought in the southeast. According to the writers conception the first Triassic deposits were deltaic in a lake, covering a pre-existing relief. After the lake had been filled-up, a sandy and marly sedimentation developed, partly in lagoonal environment. The Triassic sedimentary sequence ended with the deposition of red clays that were overlain by basaltic lavas.\nThe dioritic volcanic vent near Zarhenrhin has probably been one of the feeders of the extrusions. The dioritic dyke system too, is probably connected with the Late-Triassic volcanic period. Perhaps there exists a relation between the iron mineralisation near Agadir ou Anzizen and the occurrence of the dioritic dykes.\nThe Alpine orogeny slightly folded the Triassic with an E\xe2\x80\x94W direction. Principally however the Alpine tectonics revealed itself in faulting: all of the E\xe2\x80\x94W faults show an Alpine shift, possibly a rejuvenation of a late-Hercynian fault system.\nAn erosion-plane was formed during a period of quiet, on grounds of analogy supposedly the \xe2\x80\x9cSurface pr\xc3\xa9hammadienne\xe2\x80\x9d. An erosion plane on a lower level may probably be taken for the \xe2\x80\x9cSurface villafranchienne\xe2\x80\x9d. Between these two the configuration of the topography permits to distinguish some relics of intermediate levels, indicating the action of tectonic pulsations. Terraces were formed as a consequence of climatical changes during the Pleistocene.

Beschreibung: Les insectes faisant l\'objet de ce m\xc3\xa9moire font partie des collections du Mus\xc3\xa9e de Leiden et m\'ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 communiqu\xc3\xa9s par Monsieur le Docteur Bl\xc3\xb6te.\nJe tiens \xc3\xa0 lui exprimer ici ma plus vive reconnaissance.\nEn plus des 16 esp\xc3\xa8ces nouvelles dont suivent les descriptions j\'ai pu relever dans le mat\xc3\xa9riel confi\xc3\xa9 huit autres esp\xc3\xa8ces in\xc3\xa9dites du genre Exocentrus Muls. Les descriptions de ces huit esp\xc3\xa8ces seront publi\xc3\xa9es par moi ult\xc3\xa9rieurement au cours d\'une r\xc3\xa9vision compl\xc3\xa8te du genre Exocentrus Muls. 1. Myagrus javanicus, n. sp.\nAllong\xc3\xa9. Antennes deux fois et demie plus longues que le corps ( \xe2\x99\x82 ) ou presque deux fois plus longues ( \xe2\x99\x80 ); le troisi\xc3\xa8me article de la longueur du quatri\xc3\xa8me, de moiti\xc3\xa9 plus long que le scape. Lobes inf\xc3\xa9rieurs des yeux beaucoup plus hauts que larges, presque deux fois plus longs que les joues. Front faiblement trap\xc3\xa9ziforme. Pronotum tr\xc3\xa8s transverse, dens\xc3\xa9ment et peu finement ponctu\xc3\xa9 et pourvu d\'une assez longue \xc3\xa9pine lat\xc3\xa9rale conique pointue.\nElytres tronqu\xc3\xa9s \xc3\xa0 l\'apex (l\'angle marginal pro\xc3\xa9minent et pointu), dens\xc3\xa9ment et tr\xc3\xa8s finement granul\xc3\xa9s sur le sixi\xc3\xa8me basilaire, ensuite de plus en plus finement ponctu\xc3\xa9s.\nBrun fonc\xc3\xa9, couvert de pubescence brun clair, les points prothoraciques en majeure partie d\xc3\xa9nud\xc3\xa9s. Elytres marbr\xc3\xa9s de brun fonc\xc3\xa9 et orn\xc3\xa9s de taches blanches rang\xc3\xa9es sous forme de deux bandes transversales, une pr\xc3\xa9m\xc3\xa9diane et une postm\xc3\xa9diane. F\xc3\xa9murs post\xc3\xa9rieurs et tibias post\xc3\xa9rieurs rev\xc3\xaatus en partie de pubescence brun fonc\xc3\xa9. Tarses \xc3\xa0 pubescence gris clair. Antennes rouges \xc3\xa0 fine pubescence blanch\xc3\xa2tre, la partie apicale des articles III et\nIV\net le quart apical des articles V \xc3\xa0 X ainsi qu\'un anneau m\xc3\xa9dian sur le dernier article, \xc3\xa0 pubescence brun fonc\xc3\xa9.

Beschreibung: The peridots in the gem collection of our Museum were acquired a long time ago (part of them were from the collection of King William I of the Netherlands).\nWe should be sceptical about data on the origin of this material. Firstly we do not generally know whether the stones were bought or received as a gift; we learned by experience that a person giving material (often a layman) will not be too precise when stating the locality especially as he will not see its importance. Moreover in the last century scientists could not realize yet how valuable an accurate description of the locality would be nowadays. For they did not think of the possibility that samples of one mineral from various localities might have different properties (of course they did not yet know the importance of an investigation as to the nature of inclusions). Besides in cataloguing small objects (such as gemstones) systems were used which did not rule out mistakes, so that a recent investigation of old material may present difficulties as to the definite locality.

Beschreibung: An inventarisation of the plankton living in an old branch cut off from the river Waal has been made on August 16, 19 and 23, 1955. In the deep part lake plankton (Limnoplankton) was found, and in the shallow parts pond plankton (Heleoplankton) occurs. Some rare plankters typical for oligotrophic waters were found in a certain part of the river branch. A chemical analysis of this part of the water shows no real difference with other parts. The part of the old branch connected with the river Waal has a plankton community of its own. This is caused by the polluted river water. The horizontal distribution of plankton on August 16, 1955, was investigated. The vertical distribution of plankton investigated on August 28, 1941, is also given.

Beschreibung: In 1908 Prof. E. Dubois cited and very briefly diagnosed a new species of emydine turtle, Hardella isoclina, from the Trinil Beds in Java. The very fine unique type shell has never been figured or fully described, the generic assignment appears to be incorrect, and the original diagnosis is insufficient.\nProf. Boschma and Dr. Brongersma of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden have, as custodians of the Dubois Collection, very generously offered me the opportunity of redescribing this form.\nThe fossil is a very distinct species and a very noteworthy component of the Trinil fauna but even after much study and comparison it proves impossible to refer it with confidence to any known genus, and in the absence of any knowledge of the characters of the skull no new genus can be satisfactorily defined. The Trinil form appears to resemble most closely the living species mutica from southern China, Formosa, Hainan, and Japan, and since mutica is currently though questionably assigned to the genus Clemmys it will be convenient for the present to refer the Dubois species to Clemmys with a query: Clemmys? isoclina (Dubois) Diagnosis: an emydine resembling "Clemmys" mutica but differing in greater size, in having the posterior margin of the carapace not at all serrate, in having the gular region not produced and the inguinal scute larger.\nType: Dubois Collection No. 2722, an almost perfect shell, lacking only the anal region of the plastron.\nType locality: Kedoeng Panas, Java.\nHorizon: Pleistocene, Trinil Beds.

Beschreibung: Bevor ich mit der Bearbeitung des dritten genus der Parnassiinae beginne, muss ich noch einmal einen R\xc3\xbcckblick auf die bereits erfolgte Revision werfen. Ich habe schon fr\xc3\xbcher erw\xc3\xa4hnt, dass meine Publikationen durch Auff\xc3\xbchrung aller in meiner Sammlung befindlichen Exemplare einen wissenschaftlichen Katalog dazu darstellen sollen. Da ich inzwischen die Bestimmung getroffen habe, dass meine Sammlung in den Besitz des Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, \xc3\xbcbergehen soll, hat dieses mich ersucht, sein eigenes Parnassius-Material in meine Sammlung einzugliedern.\nAusserdem habe ich mehr als 20 000 Parnassier aus collection R. Oberth\xc3\xbcr erwerben k\xc3\xb6nnen, die mein schon vorhandenes Material wertvoll erg\xc3\xa4nzen.\nIch beabsichtige deshalb auch, nicht nur Neueing\xc3\xa4nge \xe2\x80\x94 auch aus eigenem Sammeln \xe2\x80\x94 aufzuz\xc3\xa4hlen, sondern \xc3\xbcberall dort, wo das w\xc3\xbcnschenswert, bezw. erforderlich ist, fr\xc3\xbcher gegebene Diagnosen zu erg\xc3\xa4nzen.\nLeider hat die Sichtung des reichen Oberth\xc3\xbcr\'schen Materials erneut erwiesen, wie unzuverl\xc3\xa4ssig sehr h\xc3\xa4ufig die Fundortangaben sind, und im besonderen, dass sehr selten vermerkt ist, welche Tiere aus Zucht stammen.\nF\xc3\xbcr den Widerspruch, der darin liegt, dass es zweifellos distincte subspecies gibt, dass bei deren Zucht die Rassenmerkmale aber verwischt werden, habe ich noch keine plausible Erkl\xc3\xa4rung finden k\xc3\xb6nnen. Die Erbmasse scheint jedenfalls in sich nicht so gefestigt zu sein, dass nicht bei einer St\xc3\xb6rung der nat\xc3\xbcrlichen Entwicklungsbedingungen Ausschl\xc3\xa4ge in der vollen Variabilit\xc3\xa4tsbreite der Art m\xc3\xb6glich w\xc3\xa4ren. Dass die Erscheinungsform der Parnassier auch in ihrem Fluggebiet durch klimatische Bedingungen stark beeinflusst wird, ist eine bekannte Tatsache.\nMit der Aufz\xc3\xa4hlung der Neueing\xc3\xa4nge werde ich auch, um den Nomen-

Beschreibung: A collection of 561 specimens of East Asian freshwater fishes has recently been presented to the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden by Mr. A. Werner, Munich, a well known collector and naturalist. A close examination of the present material provided several interesting data, which are given below, while one sample proved to belong to a species and genus new to science.\nThe localities given by Mr. Werner are : Colombo, Calcutta, Bangkok, and Singapore, but some of the Singapore material seems to have been imported, presumably from Sumatra or Borneo.\nKryptopterus bicirrhis (C. V.) 18 ex., Singapore, probably 1956, 38-73 (46-87) mm.\nOccasionally the name Cryptopterus is still used for the present species.\nThe original name was given by Bleeker (1858, p. 283) as Kryptopterus.\nKaup (1859, p. 11) used the name Cryptopterus for his new genus of apodal fishes; it has to be rejected as a homonym and, moreover, is at present regarded as a synonym of Ophichthys Ahl (1789, p. 5). G\xc3\xbcnther ( 1864, p. 38) corrected Bleeker\'s name to Cryptopterus, an example followed by numerous later authors, but at present Bleeker\'s orthography is generally preferred.\nBotia macracanthus (Blkr.) 30 ex., Singapore (probably imported from Borneo), 1956?, 26-52 (33-66) mm.\nThis very characteristic species seems to occur only in Borneo and Sumatra; it is not mentioned in Fowler\'s list of the fishes known from Malaya (1938, p. 54).\nBotia horae Smith

Beschreibung: The present paper deals with part of a recently acquired collection of freshwater fishes, captured by Mr. J. VAN DER KAMP, Amsterdam, during his military service in Surinam in the years 1956 and 1957. All material is finely preserved and ecological data as well as numerous black and colour photographs by the collector add to the scientific interest of the collection.

Beschreibung: Innerhalb der Characicae (wahrscheinlich sogar der Cypriniformes) ist die beschriebene Bewegungsform der Brustflossen f\xc3\xbcr die kleine Gruppe der Nannostomidi kennzeichnend.\nDas Verhalten von Nannostomus beckfordi aripirangensis wird beschrieben. Auff\xc3\xa4llig ist eine besondere Kampfform der M\xc3\xa4nnchen (\xe2\x80\x9eVertikalkampf\xe2\x80\x9d), der an anderen Fischen bisher nicht beobachtet wurde, auch nicht an Nannostomus marginatus. Die Kopfabw\xc3\xa4rtsstellung dabei ist vermutlich ein Epiph\xc3\xa4nomen vegetativer Erregung. Der Kampf von N. beckfordi aripirangensis hat (wenigstens im Aquarium) keine erkennbare Funktion ; die Tiere besetzen keine Reviere ; der Kampf st\xc3\xb6rt das Laichgesch\xc3\xa4ft empfindlich.

Beschreibung: Some time ago the \xe2\x80\x9cInstitute Agron\xc3\xb3mico do Norte, Belem, Par\xc3\xa1, Brazil\xe2\x80\x9d sent me a set of specimens for identification among which I detected a new species of Henriquezia Spruce ex Bth. This discovery induced me to study once more and now in somewhat more detail the relation between this genus and the nearly related Platycarpum Humb. et Bonpl. and the position these two genera occupy with regard to the habitually rather similar Gleasonia Standl., a subject to which I had already paid some attention at an earlier occasion, and on which I had reported in a note which is to be found at the base of p. 16 of my work on \xe2\x80\x9cthe African Species of Oldenlandia L sensu Hiern et K. Schumann\xe2\x80\x9d in Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. v. Wetensch., Sect. 2, 48, no 4, 1952. By the good office of Dr Bassett Maguire I received on loan from the New York Botanical Garden the rich materials by which, as a result of the Botanical Garden\xe2\x80\x99s recent expeditions to Tropical America, these genera are represented in its herbarium, and during a recent visit to England I could study also the valuable collections in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. In the course of these studies I discovered among the Platycarpum specimens too a new species. Descriptions of the latter and of my new Henriquezia will be found further on in this paper. They are, however, but of secondary importance; the main object of this study is to ascertain as precisely as possible the taxonomical position of these three rather puzzling genera.\nIn the note on p. 16 of my work on \xe2\x80\x9cthe African Species of Oldenlandia L sensu Hiern et K. Schumann\xe2\x80\x9d I stated that Gleasonia Standl. \xe2\x80\x9con account of the large and flat exalbuminous seeds and also because of the very peculiar structure of the testa is to be referred to the Henriquezieae, a tribe that will have to be removed as a separate family to the Tubiflorae.\xe2\x80\x9d In support of this opinion I referred to Fig. c, d, e and f of Tab. V, which represent the testa of Henriquezia verticillata Spruce ex Bth., of Platycarpum orinocense Humb. et Bonpl. and of two species of Gleasonia, viz. Gl. uaupensis Ducke and Gl. macrocalyx Ducke.

Beschreibung: In revising the New World representatives of the genus Lindsaea, the author came across a fern specimen from Borneo preserved in the Rijksherbarium, Leiden, that did not seem to fit into any described genus. It had been described as Schizoloma stortii v. A. v. R., but in the author\xe2\x80\x99s opinion the genus Schizoloma Gaud., typified by Lindsaea ensifolia Sw., cannot be maintained (Kramer, 1957). Almost all species that in modern works have been left in it (e.g. HOLTTUM, 1954; ALSTON, 1956, as Schizolegnia) should be put back in Lindsaea. This, however, cannot be done with Sch. stortii, as this species possesses a peculiar combination of characters unlike anything found in Lindsaea. Its pinnae have a median main vein as in L. ensifolia, but are freeveined, and they have a large basal acroscopic auricle as in Isoloma, but are non-articulate. There is a remote resemblance to Lindsaea walkerae Hook., which may be its closest relative, as stipulated by van ALDERWEREKT van ROSENBURGH in his original description; the natural place of that species too would perhaps be in a separate genus. Sch. stortii differs from it, a.o., by its pale axes and alternate auriculate pinnae. Because of its apparently rather isolated position, it seems indicated to create a separate genus for this fern.\nXyropteris Kramer, genus novum. \xe2\x80\x94 Ex affinitate Lindsaeae et Isolomae, exstat petiolo rhachideque pallida, pinnis alternis exarticulatis praeter auriculam basalim acroscopicam aequilateralibus, venis liberis, soris continuis. (Name derived from Greek \xce\xbe\xce\xbd\xcf\x81\xcf\x8c\xce\xbd, razor-blade).

Beschreibung: Herba parva delicata subcaespitosa repens, caule pergracili sat conferte piloso, pilis erectis; foliis alternis vel supremis oppositis elliptico-obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi acutis vel subobtusis, supra crispo-pubescentibus subtus glabris vel dissite pubescentibus ciliolatis palmatim 3-5-nerviis; petiolo pergracili; spicis terminalibus axillaribusve gracillimis; drupa obliquo-ovoidea, apice obliqua, stigmate subapicali.\nA very small, delicate, subcespitose, herbaceous plant, the stems scarcely 1 mm. in diameter when dry, pilose with spreading hairs, commonly densely so in young growth, branching, the sterile branches comparatively short and stolon-like, the fruiting branches ascending 3-5 cm. Leaves alternate, or the uppermost appearing opposite, the blades elliptic-obovate, the apex rounded, the base acute or obtusish, up to 7 mm. wide and 10 mm. long, but mostly about 3-4 X 5-7 mm., the upper surface crisp-pilose, the lower surface glabrous, or occasional leaves pilose, the margin ciliate, palmately 3- or 5-nerved, the nerves with very slender cross-connecting-anastomosing nervules as viewed by transmitted light, drying membranous and translucent, the blades with a pair of longitudinal brown stripes above and pale green beneath when growing; petiole filiform, mostly 3-5 mm. long, sparsely pilose glabrescent, flattened above and laterally ridged by the decurrent blade margins. Spikes terminal or axillary, very slender, closely flowered, up to 1.5 (or more?) cm. long, the peduncle 5-8 mm. long, thinly pilose glabrescent, the bracts round-peltate, the margin uneven or irregular. Fruit obliquely ovoid with oblique apex and subapical stigma.

Beschreibung: Il n\xe2\x80\x99existe pas, actuellement, de catalogue des H\xc3\xa9patiques du Surinam. Les H\xc3\xa9patiques de ce pays restent tr\xc3\xa8s peu connues. Cependant, certaines ont attir\xc3\xa9 l\xe2\x80\x99attention des Bryologues et ont \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 cit\xc3\xa9es dans quelques ouvrages anciens ou r\xc3\xa9cents. Je ne ferai pas ici une r\xc3\xa9vision compl\xc3\xa8te de ces publications, mais je crois utile de noter les principales : 1. C. MONTAGNE, Seconde centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles, Ann. Sc. Nat., 1841, p. 71. \xe2\x80\x94 Les esp\xc3\xa8ces suivantes, r\xc3\xa9colt\xc3\xa9es par Splitgerber, sont signal\xc3\xa9es: Plagiochila serrata Lindb., P. hypnoides Lindb., Phragmicoma surinamensis Mont., Lejeunia Splitgerberiana Mont., Lejeunia flava Sw., Lejeunia phylloloba Mont, et Nees. 2. C. Montagne, Quatri\xc3\xa8me Centurie, Ann. Sc. Nat., 1843, p. 23. \xe2\x80\x94 Phragmicoma calcarata Mont. (leg. Splitgerber) est not\xc3\xa9. Plus tard, Montagne consid\xc3\xa8re ce Phragmicoma comme semblable au Lejeunia lunulata (Web.) N. (in Cryptogamia Guyanensis, 1855). 3. C. Montagne, Sylloge generum specierumque Cryptogamarum, 1856. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es: Calypogeia Michelii Mont., in Surinamo Batavorum (Hb Miquel) ; Lejeunia surinamensis M. ad folia in Surinamo (Splitgerber) ; Lejeunia Splitgerberiana M. in Surinam (Splitgerber) ; Lejeunia Funckiana N. ab E. Surinam (Funck). 4. GOTTSCHE, Lindenberg, NEES ab ESENBECK, Synopsis hepaticarum, 1844. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es du Surinam: Lejeunia Funckiana N. ab E.; Lejeunia opaca Gottsche (leg. Splitgerber); Micropterygium vulgare N. ab E., Lindb. et G.; Lejeunia Sagraeana Mont. var. \xce\xb2 minor (leg. Splitgerber). 5. A. W. Evans, Hepaticae of Puerto Rico, Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl., 1908, 34, p. 553. \xe2\x80\x94 Une esp\xc3\xa8ce cit\xc3\xa9e du Surinam: Mastigolejeunea auriculata (Wils. et Hook.) Schiffn., Kegel leg. 6. A. W. EVANS, Hepaticae of Puerto Rico, Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl., 1912, 39, p. 221 \xe2\x80\x94 Une esp\xc3\xa8ce cit\xc3\xa9e: Diplasiolejeunea Rudolphiana St., \xe2\x80\x9cDutch Guiana, Kegel\xe2\x80\x9d. 7. H. REIMERS, R\xc3\xa9vision der Lebermoosgattung Micropterygium, Hedwigia, 1933, pp. 133-204. \xe2\x80\x94 Une vari\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 cit\xc3\xa9e du Surinam: Micropterygium trachyphyllum var. guyanense, notamment d\xe2\x80\x99apr\xc3\xa8s une r\xc3\xa9colte de Weigelt. 8. F. M. Pagan, A preliminary list of the Hepaticae of Puerto Rico. The Bryologist, 1939, p. 42 et p. 78. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es du Surinam: Radula Kegelii Gottsche, Symbiezidium granulatum (Nees) Trev., Symbiezidium barbiflorum (Lindenb. et G.) Evs. Ces deux derni\xc3\xa8res esp\xc3\xa8ces sont, d\xe2\x80\x99ailleurs, signal\xc3\xa9es \xc3\xa0 nouveau du Surinam par F. M. Pagan dans son \xe2\x80\x9cCatalogue of the Hepaticae of Guadeloupe\xe2\x80\x9d (The Bryologist, 1942, p. 106). 9. M. FULFORD, Studies on American Hepaticae IV. \xe2\x80\x94 A revision of the genus Symbiezidium, Lloydia, 5, 1942, pp. 293-304. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es d\xe2\x80\x99apr\xc3\xa8s STEPHANI: S. transversale et S. barbiflorum. 10. M. FULFORD, Studies on American Hepaticae \xe2\x80\x94 VI. Ceratolejeunea, Brittonia, 5, 1945, pp. 368-403. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es du Surinam: Ceratolejeunea cornuta r\xc3\xa9colt\xc3\xa9 \xc3\xa0 Paramaribo par Kegel (Cit\xc3\xa9 par LINDENBERG et GOTTSCHE, 1851); C. deciscens, r\xc3\xa9colt\xc3\xa9 par Focke, sans localit\xc3\xa9 pr\xc3\xa9cise, cit\xc3\xa9 par SANDE LACOSTE. 11. L. CLARK et R. D. SVIHLA, The Bryologist, 1947, p. 383 et 1948, p. 239-242. \xe2\x80\x94 Esp\xc3\xa8ces cit\xc3\xa9es: Frullania gymnotis; F. nodulosa (Paramaribo, Hans; Lanjouw, 163).\nOutre ces indications \xc3\xa9parses, il faut citer la seule liste importante: LINDENBERG et GOTTSCHE, Plantae Kegelianae, Expositio Hepaticarum Surinamensium, Linnaea, 24, 1851, pp. 625-639. Les 42 esp\xc3\xa8ces, vari\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9s et formes r\xc3\xa9colt\xc3\xa9es par Kegel sont cit\xc3\xa9es. Elles correspondent, en fait, \xc3\xa0 environ 39 esp\xc3\xa8ces et vari\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9s reconnues actuellement. Parmi ces esp\xc3\xa8ces, 11 appartiennent aux genres Plagiochila, Radula, Frullania, Dendroceros, les autres \xc3\xa0 la famille des Lejeun\xc3\xa9ac\xc3\xa9es.

Beschreibung: Bryophyta. It was communicated by Prof. R. van der Wijk, Groningen, that the preparation of a first part of this series is in an advanced state.\nPteridophyta. Mr Alston finished the revision of Isoetaceae and is engaged on the revision of Schizaeaceae. Prof. Holttum has practically finished his revision of Gleicheniaceae. These revisions together are expected to comprise the first part of this series. Mr A.G.L. Adelbert is at the Rijksherbarium working on a thesis for Prof. Lam on the genus Lycopodium.

Beschreibung: On p. 475 it was erroneously mentioned that Miss S. Darnton accompanied Miss W.M.A. Brooke in Sarawak; she rightly collected in North Borneo.

Beschreibung: Moseley (1880, pp. 83-88) published a "List of all the Species of Stylasteridae at present known", remarking that this list is not to be regarded as constituting a revision of the species, but represents an attempt to draw attention to all the species of which an account has been published. This list, which was prepared with the assistance of Dr. F. Br\xc3\xbcggemann, of the British Museum, contains sixty species, arranged in twelve genera.\nThe present list contains about one hundred described species of Stylasterina in addition to those mentioned by Moseley. Here again the genera are arranged according to the apparently natural system, while within each genus the species are placed in alphabetical order, an arbitrary arrangement being indicated because generally too little is known about the relationship of the different forms, even when representing species with well-defined characters.\nIn the present paper the data are compiled in the manner of lists of synonyms, with notes indicating the geographical distribution or pointing to apparent mistakes. These lists of names are partly based on data that cannot be checked with respect to their reliability; therefore, numerous misidentifications are included. Only evident errors are expressly noted.\nWhen the identity of a described species with an earlier described form has been fully established, the former has been placed in the synonymy of the latter; when definite proof seems to be lacking it is noted in square brackets that a certain author has the opinion that one name is a synonym of another. Undoubtedly future research will show that many of the described species have no definite separate standing, but as long as this has not been proven they must, at least provisionally, keep their original status.

Beschreibung: The present paper comprises supplementary notes on Ganua, based on material which has come to our knowledge after the last contribution on the genus had been published.\nIn the following text the previous papers have been referred to as follows: Van den Assem 1953 = Rev. Sap. IV. Ganua in Blumea 7 (2), 1953, 364\xe2\x80\x94400. Van den Assem & Kostermans 1954 = Rev. Sap. IVa. Ganua (Add. Notes) in Blumea 7 (3), 1954, 481\xe2\x80\x94483.

Beschreibung: Herba nana, basi lichenoidea; individua foliata parvula folia 3 vel 4 naviculiformia, apice obtusa gerentia. Flores terminales, a spathella membranacea inclusa, pedicellis brevibus. Tepala dua, staminis basi in utraque latere posita, oblanceolata, apice acuta. Stamen unum, filamentis linearibus; antherae dorsifixae, ovoideae, apice obtusae, basi incisae, 2-loculares, rimis dua longitudinalibus lateraliter dehiscens; grana pollinis 2-locularia. Ovarium ellipsoideum, compressum, apice acutum, basi decurrens, 12-costatum, costus suturalibus longitudinaliter dimidiatis, 2-locularem septis caducis, placenta centrali, ovulis paucis; styli 2, ovato-lanceolati, basi coherentes, papillati. Capsula ovario exacte similis vel eo paullum maior, septicide, seminibus oblongo-obovoideis.\nThalloid base up to 7 cm in diam. Shoots suberect, 1\xe2\x80\x941.5 mm long. Leaves c. 0.7 by 0.5 mm. Spathella rupturing at apex with a few irregular lobes, pedicels c. 0.5 cm long. Tepals oblanceolate, 2\xe2\x80\x942.5 mm long, one-nerved, acute. Stamen 1, inserted at side of ovary directed to the thalloid base, 4\xe2\x80\x945 mm long, filaments linear, 3.5\xe2\x80\x944.5 mm long, anther ovoid, c. 0.5 mm long, apex obtuse or truncate, deeply cleft at base. Ovary 1.5\xe2\x80\x942 by c. 1 mm, acute at apex, with 12 distinct nerves of which the two sutural ones divide later longitudinally, originally 2-celled, but septae soon disappearing. Styles c. 0.5 mm long. Capsule as large as ovary or slightly larger.

Beschreibung: Recently (1955) I have published a new version of a phylogenetical tree of the Cormophyta, based on morphology, mainly ramification, leaf types, and sporangia. The concept is monophyletic but its basis is strewn with so many queries that the way is open to a number of different opinions. I add a corrected copy of my chart at the end of the present paper (fig. 2), so as to enable the reader to compare my views with those of Greguss (fig. 1).\nThe difficulty lies of course in our still extremely scanty knowledge of the very oldest land plants and of whether one or several eventually more or less closely related algal groups have succeeded in conquering dry land and converting themselves into true land plants in which the greater part of the sporophyte developed into aerial shoots. As a matter of course the fact whether a progeny should be considered to have originated mono- or polyphyletically merely depends on the degree of relatedness of the ancestral group (s). Mono- and polyphyly may seem controversial when extreme cases are compared; actually they are connected by a series of gradual differences just like mono- and polytopy, analogy and homology, and the like, whose criteria may be found in the fields of time, space and/ or genealogical relationship.

Beschreibung: Linnaea borealis L. Deze soort werd door H. Gaasenbeek einde augustus 1957 gevonden in Drente in de boswachterij Gieten van het Staatsbosbeheer, in vak 45, onder Larix van ca. 25 jaar de plek was enkele m\xc2\xb2 groot.\nCarex flava L. Deze hier te lande zeer zeldzame soort, die tot nu toe alleen bekend was van enige plaatsen in Zuid-Limburg en van Drimmelen, N.-Br. (intussen wel verdwenen) en Weert, L. werd door Chr. G. van Leeuwen gevonden bij Gameren, Gld., aan een slootkant in komgrond-graslanden, ten Z.W. van de beschermde eendekooi.

Beschreibung: Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. Deze soort werd begin Januari 1957 door de lieren M. T. Jansen en J. A. E. de Kleuver gevonden op een muurtje bij het station te Veenendaal.\nCeterach officinarum Lamk. et DG. Op dezelfde stenen danin de omgeving van Woerden waarop een paar jaar geleden o.a. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum werd gevonden, trof C. Sipkes op 18 Dec. 1956 een klein exemplaar van Ceterach of-ficinarum aan. Een zeer merkwaardige vondst van deze soort, die tot nu toe bij ons alleen in Limburg en vroeger ook bij Paterswolde werd gevonden.

Beschreibung: De ssp. flavensis was tot voor kort alleen bekend van de IJselmeerkust ter hoogte van het Kampereiland en van Schokkerhaven in de Noordoostpolder. In de zomer van 1956 ontdekte ik de plant tevens op een eilandje in het Kadoelermeer hij Vollenhove en aan de rand van een matig voedselrijk veen tussen Rotsterhaule en Rotstergaast in Friesland. Bovendien trof ik een ex. aan in het \xe2\x80\x9cHerbarium Frisicum\xe2\x80\x9d van D.T.E. v.d. Ploeg (nr. 49\xe2\x80\x94179), op 16 Aug. 1949 in oen oevervegetatie bij Akkerwoude in Friesland deze plant was door Kloos als Scirpus tabernaemontani Gmel. gedetermineerd.\nS. lacustris ssp. flevensis lijkt in habitus vrij sterk op ssp. glaucus (Sm.) Hartm. (S. tabarnaernontani Gmel. der flora\xe2\x80\x99s), doch in kenmerken is zij intermediair tussen ssp. lacustris (S. lacustris L. der flora\xe2\x80\x99s) en ssp. glaucus. Voor de kenmerken kan naar p.430 van vol.3 van da Acta Botanica Neerlandica (1954) worden verwezen.

Beschreibung: Gedurende do laatste vijf jaren hebben vele floristen Schiermonnikoog bezocht, wat ertoe geleid hoeft dat de soortenlijst van het eiland aanzienlijk is uitgebreid, De soorten die \xe2\x80\x9enieuw\xe2\x80\x9d zijn worden in dit artikel vermeld. Onder \xe2\x80\x9enieuw\xe2\x80\x9d is verstaan, dat de soort in de publicaties van v\xc3\xb3\xc3\xb3r 1927 niet voorkomt. Daartoe word eerst een overzicht gemaakt van de vondsten vermeld door Suringar (1860), Winkler Prins (1867), Holkema (1870), van Eeden (1874), Kloos (1926). De mij bekende vondsten van na 1930 zijn afkomstig van Koopmans c.s. (1930), het N.J.N.-sociologenkampje (1952), den Hartog en de Wilde (1952), van der Ploeg en (ged.) Jansen (1952-\xe2\x80\x9956), Westhoff (1953), Kruseman (1954), de Unio--excursie(20- 25 Aug. 1956), De bovengenoemde vinders zijn in de hier volgende lijsten aangegeven door de resp. symbolen: S, Wi P, H, F, K, Ko, soc.gr., !, P, W, Kr en Unio. Daar aan M.T. Jansen ook tijdens de Unio-excursie vele bijzondere vondsten te danken zijn, is bij deze laatste een J vermeld. Van da meeste soorten met ! berust bewijsmateriaal in mijn herbarium. Do symbolen der vinders zijn alleen gegeven, indien de vinder de soort \xe2\x80\x9enieuw\xe2\x80\x9d vond, dus, behoudens enkele uitzonderingen, bij do eerste vondst na 1927.

Beschreibung: Vlak bij de oude kerk van Wassenaar staat een \xe2\x80\x9edeftig gebouw met verdieping, waarvan de middenpartij boven de houten kroonlijst prijkt met het in zandsteen uitgehouwen wapen van de heerlijkheid Wassenaar \xe2\x80\x93 Zuidwijk.\xe2\x80\x9d 1) Het is het uit de eerste helft der 18e eeuw stammende voormalig Raad-, Baljuws- of Rechthuis. Erachter ligt een grote tuin, die voor de voorbijganger onzichtbaar blijft. Wel loopt vlak naast het huis een steeg, maar deze is door een, tientallen meters lange, hoge oude muur van de tuin afgesloten.\nVermoedelijk kweekt men in deze tuin, onder andere, Aubrieta deltoidea, want de steegzijde van de muur is daarmee rijkelijk begroeid. Deze begroeiing beperkt zich niet tot enige over de rand van de muur heenhangende exemplaren, doch men vindt ze, wortelend, op elke hoogte en hier en daar zelfs gelijkvloers tuisen de straatstenen. Afgezien van wat Asplenium ruta-muraria L. en enkele \xe2\x80\x9ebanaliteiten\xe2\x80\x9d kan vrijwel van een reincultuur gesproken worden. In de bloeitijd levert de fel-paarse steeg een kostelijke en on-nederlandse aanblik. Het begrip bloeitijd is bovendien ruim te nemen: bij een bezoek in December 1956 bevond zich tenminste nog \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n exemplaar in bloei.

Beschreibung: Verschenen: Heukels-Wachter, Beknopte Schoolflora voor Nederland, 9e druk, bewerkt door Dr. S. J. van Ooststroom; 424 pag., Groningen, P. Noordhoff N.V., 1957- Prijs geb. f. 6,50.

Beschreibung: 1. Op mijn vraag omtrent het voorkomen van Juncus subnodulosus Schrank (zie Corr. bl. no. 1, p, 11) ontving ik van Dr. D. Bakker te Ens een plant, afkomstig van Katseveer (Z.-Beveland), in een dichtgegroeid weel achter da dijk, 1948, en van E. E. van der Voo een opgave van de Kil van Hurwenen hij Zaltbommel, 1954. Voorts trof ik nog in herbarium een exemplaar van Drimmelen, langs de Amer, leg. N. P. W. Balke, 1937. Uit het oosten van het land, waarvan 3 zekere, en enige niet bevestigde opgaven bekend zijn, heb ik tot nu toe nog geen gegevens ontvangen. Mocht aan iemand een groeiplaats in het Gelderse, Drentse (bekend van De Punt en Eelderwolde) of Subcentreurope district bekend zijn, dan houd ik mij zeer aanbevolen voor opgave, liefst met materiaal. 2. Juncus balticus Willd., tot nu toe van de Waddeneilanden en het Zwanewater (zuidgrens van het areaal) vermeld, blijkt tot de Waddeneilanden beperkt te zijn Het materiaal van het Zwanewater behoort nl. tot Juncus maritimus. Hiermee is de zuidgrens dus opgoschoven tot Texel. 3. Juncus acuatiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm., in onze flora\xe2\x80\x99s als algemeen opgegeven, is volgens het mij ter beschikking staande herbariummateriaal in het Waddendistrict zeer zeldzaam, in hut Fluviatiele district zeer zeldzaam (of ontbrekend?) in het Hafdistrict alleen maar bekend van de stroken, die aan het Duin- en Gelders District grenzen. Materiaal uit bovengenoemde gebieden is zeer welkom. 4. Van de nog algemenere Juncus articulatus L. zag ik graag materiaal uit het Hafdistrict, want volgons mijn herbariummatoriaal komt ze daar ook alleen maar voor in dezelfde stroken als tij J. acutiflorus genoemd. 5. Juncus fuscoater Schreb. werd, behalve van enige plaatsen in het Fluviatiele district, ook van Eibergen opgegeven. Deze laatste vindplaats moet vervallen; de opgave berust op een verkeerde determinatie.

Beschreibung: De interessante vondst van deze varen aan een bruggetje bij Woerden, door Sipkes beschreven (Corr. bl. no. 3, p. 37), geeft mij aanleiding tot vermelding van het volgende.\nInderdaad is Ceterach in het Middell. Zeegebied algemeen en komt de soort b.v. ook veel in Joegoslavi\xc3\xab voor. Dat het varentje echter bij ons niet winterhard zou zijn en \xe2\x80\x9cindien het reeds voor de koude februarimaand van dit Jaar (= 1956) op de oostkant van het bruggetje gegroeid had, het zeker doodgevroren zou zijn geweest\xe2\x80\x9d, is vermoedelijk in zijn algemeenheid niet waar.

Beschreibung: Of adventieve planten minder, evenveel of zelfs wellicht meer belangstelling verdienen dan indigene is een onderwerp waarover even lang en doelloos gesproken kan worden als over de vraag of het technisch toegankelijk worden van kern-energie de mensheid overwegend gevaar don wel nut zal opleveren. Indien echter een adventieve plant stand hordt en, tijdelijk of zelfs blijvend, deel gaat uitmaken van de flora van een bepaalde streek, dan pleegt de belangstelling onverdeeld te zijn.\nVoorbeelden hiervan zijn wel door ieder van ons te geven. Op het oude Pothoofd te Deventer stonden (en staan wellicht nog?) exemplaren van een kennelijk winterhard geworden Sisymbrium wolgense Bieb., terwijl op, enige kilometers afstand dezelfde soort adventief pleegt voor te komen in de omgeving van de huidige meelfabriek. Toen in 1933 Parentucellia viscosa L., voor het eerst na ruim een halve eeuw en dan nog wel op een drietal plaatsen, in ons land werd teruggezien, was het wel overeenkomstig de verwachting, dat zij te Amsterdam en Oploo weer snel zou verdwijnen, doch niet, dat zij in de Wieringermeer in grote hoeveelheid zou standhouden. Elk onzer zal vermoedelijk, uit eigen ervaring puttende, even treffende gevallen kunnen aanhalen. Recent is het volgende:

Beschreibung: Van Polygonum cuspidatum zijn mij de volgende vier standplaatsen op de Veluwezoom tiekend: 1. Bronbos van de Hemelse Berg te om bronnen en langs bronbeekjes, Alno-Ulmion-vegetatie, bodem jong, nitraat- en humusrijk slibhoudend zand, iets zuur, beschaduwd. 2. Oever van het beekje door het Zwijersdal te Oosterbeek, noordelijk van de oude kerk; Polygonum ouspidatum-facies, licht bodem jong, humusrijk zand, zuur. 3. Verdroogde beekbodem, zuidelijk van de weg Arnhem-Dieren, bij Daalhuizen, Velp; fragmentaire Alno-Ulmion-vegetatie met Polygonum cuspidatum-facies, licht bodem jong, humusrijk zand, zuur. 4. Oever van de Beekhuizerbeek ter hoogte van de grote vijver. Beekhuizen hij Velp; Alno-Ulmion-vegetatie, bodem jong, humusrijk zand, zuur.\nVoor alle vier standplaatsen geldt het volgende: Polygonum cuspidatum wordt tot 2\xc2\xbd meter hoog en bedekt grote, gesloten oppervlakten, waardoor de bestaande vegetaties zeer verarmd worden; alleen Ranunculus ficaria handhaaft zich goed en kan plaatselijk, zoals b.v. op de Hemelse Berg, de gehele bodem bedekken.

Beschreibung: Goodyera repens (L.) R.Br. op Ameland. Naar aanleiding van de mededeling van dr. S.J. van Ooststroom, Dennenorchis op de Waddeneilanden (D.L.N. p.12) het volgende.\nToen ik in 1952 van M.T. Jansen hoorde van zijn vondst van Goodyera op Ameland, herinnerde ik mij een paar exemplaren van deze soort, die ik vond in het herbarium van het Friesch Natuurhistorisch Museum te Leeuwarden. Deze planten waren op Ameland verzameld als Epipactis palustris. Ik vermeldde toen op het etiket do juiste naam met de opmerking: deugt do vindplaats wel? Dit laatste in verband mot het feit, dat mij gebleken was, dat de etiketten van dit herbarium voor een groot deel volkomen onbetrouwbaar zijn. On deze reden besteedde ik dan ook geen nadere aandacht aan deze planten.

Beschreibung: Op de berm van de grote weg vlak bij het grenskantoor van Reusel (N.Br.) vond ik in Augustus 1955 een vrij groot aantal exemplaren van een Tragopogon, die ik niet thuis kon brengen. De grote hoofdjes op aan de top sterk verdikte stelen deden me aan T. porrifolius denkens, maar de weinige nog aanwezige bloemen waren helder geel, als hij onze gewone T. pratensis. Ik overwoog of ik misschien met een kruisingsproduct van T. porrifolius en T. pratensis te doen had, maar dat was toch niet waarschijnlijk. Bastaarden van deze twee soorten vertonen altijd een intermediaire bloemkleur. Een oplossing werd niet gevonden, omdat de mogelijkheid van een voor Nederland nieuwe Tragopogon niet in me opkwam en er dus geen buitenlandse flora werd opgeslagen. Toen ik echter deze zomer op een excursie in Tirol Tragopogon dubius leerde kennen, werd het me duidelijk, dat dit eigenlijk wel eens een oude kennis kon zijn. Bij terugkeer in Leiden werden de in Reusel verzamelde planten nog eens bekeken. Ze bleken inderdaad tot T. dubius Scop. te behoren en wel tot de ssp. major (Jacq.) Vollm. De vondst is reeds vermeld in de lijst van nieuwe plantesoorten enz. in De Levende Natuur 59, 1956, p. 261 maar het leek me goed er hier nog eens de aandacht op te vestigen. De gele Tragopogons lijken sterk op elkaar en de nieuweling zou gemakkelijk voorbijgelopen kunnen worden. Ze heeft het Nederlandse burgerrecht nog wel niet op overtuigende wijze verkregen, want de planten werden vrijwel op de grens met Belgi\xc3\xab gevonden, maar ze zou zich kunnen verspreiden of elders al vaste voet hebben gekregen. We moeten met nieuwe Composieten op onze hoede zijn! Het natuurlijke areaal van T. dubius ligt niet zo ver van onze grenzen. Het reikt tot N.- Frankrijk en Midden-Duitsland en aan pogingen van de soort om met \xe2\x80\x99s mensen hulp het areaal te vergroten schijnt het niet te ontbreken. Zo deelde Ir. De Langhe mondeling mee, dat de soort ook in Belgi\xc3\xab gesignaleerd is. Is ze daar mogelijk aan \xe2\x80\x99t inburgeren? Het uitkijken is dus naar een gele Tragopogon met knotsvormige hoofdjes \xe2\x80\x93 stelen. Wie die vindt, heeft zeker T. dubius te pakken.

Beschreibung: Excursie van de Commissie voor het Floristisch Onderzoek van Nederland naar Gorinchem en omstreken, 19-24 augustus 1957.\nAan deze excursie werd door een 18-tal leden van de Kon. Ned. Botanische Vereniging deelgenomen.

Beschreibung: In Corr.bl. no.1, p.11 (december 1956) vroegen wij on opgaven van vindplaatsen; liefst met zo nauwkeurig mogelijke gegevens betreffende de standplaats van enige soorten, die hier te lande min of meer ingeburgerd zijn, en wel van Impatiens glandulifera Royle, Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. en Rudbeckia laciniata L. Over de eerste twee soorten ontvingen wij vrij veel gegevens, over de laatste slechts een enkele.\nWij willen nu aan de hand van de ontvangen opgaven, gecombineerd met de ons reeds uit herbarium en literatuur bekende gegevens samenvatten? wat ons nu over de bovengenoemde soorten bekend is. Allen, die ons opgaven zonden, danken wij hierbij voor hun moeite; wij zijn echter overtuigd, dat er een vollediger beeld ontstaan zou zijn, als nog meer abonn\xc3\xa9\xe2\x80\x99s de moeite genomen zouden hebben, ons van hun bevindingen op de hoogte te stellen.

Beschreibung: Op 14 Jan. 1952 vond de heer E.E. van der Voo op een oud bruggetje ten noorden van Woerden, gemeente Kamerik, oen groeiplaats van Asplenium trichomanes. Hiervan werd melding gemaakt in een rapport van do Afd. Natuurbescherming van het Staatsbosbeheer van de hand van de heer J. van der Veer (14 April 1955). Dit rapport kwam ter kennis van Ir. N. Roorda van Eysinga, Directeur van het Zuid-Hollandsch Landschap en deze verzocht de heer Kipp, Bosbouwkundig Ambtenaar van de Prov. Planologische Dienst on mij de groeiplaats te bezoeken en plannen voor te bereiden het gehele bruggetje zo nodig naar elders over te brengen, wanneer dit gevaar liep door de eigenaar afgebroken te zullen worden. Dit gevaar is niet denkbeeldig want de muren staan niet goed recht meer en alle dergelijke bruggetjes in de omgeving zijn in de loop der jaren reeds door meer solide bouwsels vervangen.\nBij het bruggetje aangekomen zag ik op 18 Dec. 1956 direkt een 100 tal prachtige planten van de genoemde Asplenium trichomanes tegen het oostmuurtje.

Beschreibung: Eerder dan verwacht, ontving ik een aanvulling op de in mijn vorig opstel genoemde geschriften, waarin over de rassen van L. perenne mededelingen voorkomen. De reactie kwam van het Instituut voor Biologisch en Scheikundig Onderzoek van Landbouwgewassen, Afd. Vegetatiekunde, Wageningen. Dit schrijven bleek tevens een belangrijke completering te bevatten op het door W. P. Cnossen, \xe2\x80\x9cOns Grasland\xe2\x80\x9d reeds ter kennis gebrachte. De inhoud van de brief volgt hier: \xe2\x80\x9cHet artikel: \xe2\x80\x9cLolium perenne met korte uitlopers\xe2\x80\x9d, voorkomend in het Correspondentieblad no. 3 van 1 april 1957, had onze speciale aandacht.

Beschreibung: De Nederlandse rijksgrens is geen floristische scheidingslijn en daarom kan men zich afvragen hoever de plantengeographische districten van Nederland, onderscheiden door Van Soest (1929, 1952), zich over die grens uitstrekken. Vanuit dit gezichtspunt heb ik mij bezig gehouden met de begrenzing van het Drentse District (D. D. ).\nCalluna-Erica-heiden (op zand- en veengronden) noemt Van Soest (1952) voor het D.D., evenals voor de Gelderse en Kempense Districten, het meest kenmerkend. In het D.D. spelen, naast atlantische, de noordelijke soorten een belangrijke rol, die in het Gelderse D. minder wordt en in het Kempense D. nagenoeg onbetekenend is. Ook over onze rijksgrens in Nieder-Sachsen zijn deze heiden met dezelfde soorten als in ons D.D. kenmerkend, hoewel zij daar evenals bij ons in een snel tempo verdwijnen. Vele van onze heide- en veenplanten worden daar ook reeds zeldzaam of zijn uitgestorven, zoals Lycopodium selago L., Lobelia dortmanna L., Parnassia palustris L., Scorzonera humilis L., Saxifraga hirculus L.; Carex aquatilis Wahlenb. is in 1955 ook in Oost-Friesland gevonden (A. Neunann, in brief meegedeeld). Cirsium dissectum (L.) Mill. zou 200 jaar geleden begonnen zijn uit het D.D. naar O.-Friesland op te dringen en heeft nu de Jade bereikt.

Beschreibung: In het eerste nummer van het Correspondentieblad gaf ik een overzicht van het werk van hot I.V.O.N. in het algemeen. Op verzoek van een aantal aspirantmedewerkers wil ik nu nog even iets over de practijk van het inventariseren laten volgen.\nAls basis voor de inventarisatie wordt, zoals reeds werd medegedeeld, gebruikt de Topografische kaart van Nederland 1 : 50.000. Deze wordt door verticale lijnen (de vouwen van do kaart) en horizontale lijnen (die erop worden getekend) in 40 kwadraten verdeeld van 5 x 5 km. Dit zijn de z.g. uurhokken, de eenheden voor de inventarisatie. Per uurhok worden nl. do daarin voorkomende plantensoorten in het veld genoteerd. Dit noteren geschiedt op gedrukte \xe2\x80\x9ehoklijsten\xe2\x80\x9d, verkrijgbaar bij het I.V.O.N. p.a. Rijksherbarium, afd. Nederland, Nonnensteeg 1, Leiden,

Beschreibung: Mr A.G.L. Adelbert, curator of the Botanic Garden \xe2\x80\x99Setia Mulia\xe2\x80\x99 W. Sumatra, went on leave end 1956; he will not return. Mr T. van Kregten, curator of the same garden came on leave March 1957.\nMr A.G. Alphonso, Horticultural Assistant, Singapore Botanic Gardens, returned to Singapore in December, 1956, after a two years\xe2\x80\x99 study course at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, where he obtained the Kew Diploma.

Beschreibung: M.A.H.A. Magazine. On p. 495 it was announced that this quarterly published by the Malayan Agri-Horticultural Association was revived and the volumes now received (vol. 12 for 1955 and 15 for 1956) appear to be as well executed as before, with numerous illustrations, several coloured plates, and a varied text of interest to gardeners, and horticulture, people interested in agriculture and life-stock, and in growing plants, cactus & succulents, orchids, etc. both native and introduced. The price for each part of vol. 12 was Str. $ 1.50; this has now been raised to Str. $ 2. Annual subscription for membership is Str. $ 10. c/o Messrs Walgrens Ltd. P.O. Box 277. Kuala Lumpur.\nMuelleria. An Australian journal of Botany. This is a new journal issued by the Melbourne Botanical Garden, financed by the Maud Gibson Gardens Trust, Melbourne. The first number, dated Aug. 1955 (distributed 22.2.1956), with a foreword by Prof. Turner and a preface by the director, Mr A.W. Jessep, covers 64 pages 8\xc2\xb0 and is well executed. It is named after the Baron, F. von Mueller, who was 26 Jan. 1855 appointed Victoria\xe2\x80\x99s first Government Botanist, and added such lustre and world renown to his office. Intended primarily for the publication of botanical monographs, descriptions of new species, horticultural papers, systematic and historic notes by officers of the Melbourne Herbarium, the largest repository in Australia, it will be wide enough in scope to embrace items of interest by members of other herbaria, and by amateur botanists both within and outside Victoria. It will be issued from time to time, as occasion demands; Mr J.H. Willis has consented to act as editor. The first number contains several interesting papers, some of which have been incorporated in the bibliography.