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  • Articles  (20,545)
  • 2005-2009  (20,545)
  • Technology  (20,545)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the Architecture on the Mechanical Performances of Alumina-Zirconia-Mullite Ceramic Laminates (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1103-1108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Ceramic laminates with different architecture have been produced and characterized inthis work. Thickness of single layers, composition and stacking sequence have been changed inorder to modify the corresponding stable growth range of surface defects and final strength.Laminates composed of alumina/zirconia and alumina/mullite have been considered. Themechanical behaviour of the materials is discussed in terms of the residual stress profile and theapparent fracture toughness curve
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1103.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FGM's for Biomedical Applications (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1124-1133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Functionally graded materials (FGM) were fabricated for bio-medical applications,(1) implants, (2) dental core and post, (3) guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes.(1) FGM implants of Ti/HAP and TiN/HAP with the concentration changing gradually in thelongitudinal direction of cylinder were fabricated to optimize both mechanical properties andbiocompatibility in each region. Concentration gradient was formed by packing of dry powders intomold. Spark plasma sintering was effective for sintering of non-uniform composition in FGM. Brinelhardness decreased gradually from Ti part to HAP part, which contributes to stress relaxation in theimplanted region of bone. In vivo tests showed that osteogenesis and maturation is more advanced inthe HAP rich region.(2) FGM dental core and post made of composite resin was fabricated by laser lithography, oneof the photo-curing type CAD/CAM systems. The elastic modulus changed gradually from 10.6GPain core part to 2.9GPa at the apex of post by decreasing the filler content of ceramic powders from64% to 0% in polymer matrix. Stress analysis using finite element method showed the stressrelaxation by further 30 % in FGM, compared with the uniform composite resin.(3) Biodegradable GTR membrane composed of nano HAP/collagen reinforced with PLGA wasprepared. The membrane has the three layer structure with the thickness of about 100μm for eachwhere the composition of HAP/collagen is increased from pure PLGA. The graded membranestructure could give the different functions of the high degradation speed and Ca ion release toenhance osteoconductivity for bone remodeling in the high HAP/collagen side and the relatively lowdegradability to prevent the ingrowth of fibroblasts in the pure PLGA side
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1124.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Multi-Layered and Graded Die Coatings for Materials Processing Applications (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1145-1154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: The paper will present the methodology used to design optimized die coatings employed inmaterial forming processes in an effort to extend the life and effect efficient operation of the dies. Anoptimized die coating 'architecture' requires that the coating system be essentially non-wetting withthe material (metal, glass, polymer) being formed in the die, coupled with good wear and oxidationresistance Other factors, such as delaying the onset of thermal fatigue cracking (heat checking), andan acceptably low coefficient of friction. And, possibly, self-lubricating, also need to be consideredbased on the processing and forming conditions that include both liquid and solid materials. Manydifferent die coatings have and are being used with different levels of success. This paper presents thecurrent understanding that has been gained in laboratory testing, in-plant trials, and modeling in aneffort to generate a fundamental understanding of how such optimized die coating systems may bedesigned for specific forming operations and conditions, with examples based on dies used inaluminum pressure die casting, glass molding, and metal forming operations
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1145.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and Structural Characterization of TiN/ZrN Superlattices Deposited by Reactive R.F. Magnetron Sputtering (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1206-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: TiN/ZrN multilayers coatings have been deposited using a reactive R. F. magnetronsputtering process. Nitride layers with different sputtering conditions have been stacked in order toobtain superlattices having different preferred orientations. The deposition rate has beenconsidered as independent parameter which changes the energy and the momentum transfer of thebackscattered particles, influencing films structure evolution
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1206.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coating of Polymer Surfaces by Liquid Phase Deposition of TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉: A Biologically-Inspired Approach (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1246-1251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: The coating of polymer surfaces with ceramics up to now is basically only accomplishableby vacuum-based technologies such as sputtering, because the thermal load is low compared toother methods such as sol-gel processing. Since the investment costs for the equipment required areconsiderably high and the coating is limited to line-of sight deposition, simple and cost-effectiveprocessing routes are sought.In all higher organisms inorganic materials are synthesized at ambient temperatures under physiologicalconditions. Therefore the study of biomineralization processes has gained considerable academicattention in the last decades. One of the key features of inorganic material deposition in vitois the interaction between supersaturated solutions and specifically modified surfaces.Following this paradigm so-called bio-inspired approaches can be developed which go beyond thecurrent limitations of synthetic techniques. One example is the mineralization of planar polymersurfaces with TiO2 at 50oC. Using polystyrene latex particles as templates, all four stagescommonly found in natural biomineralization can be emulated in a completely artificial system
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1246.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionally Graded Electrode Materials for Thermoelectric Devices (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1134-1138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: The electrodes for solar thermoelectric modules require high thermal conductivity in thethickness direction and high electrical conductivity in the plane direction; but the whole electrodemust be electrically insulated in the thickness direction. To meet such requirements, two materialsystems of TiB2/AlN/Cu and Cu/AlN/Cu with AlN as a middle layer were designed and studied,because AlN has high thermal conductivity and electrical resistance. The TiB2/AlN/Cu FGMs werefabricated via spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, in which a temperature gradient was achievedby using a specially designed mold. The Cu/AlN/Cu symmetrical FGMs were fabricated by aninfiltration-like process using a symmetrical porosity-graded AlN plate as a preform
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1134.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suspension Plasma Spraying: From Injection to Coating (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1163-1172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1163.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain-Focused Microstructure Simulations: Stress-Induced Evolution of Polycrystalline Films (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1178-1183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: We discuss simulations of grain boundary motion utilizing a grain-continuum approach torepresenting polycrystalline films; i.e., as a system of distinct but interacting continua. Fieldvariables are computed as functions of position in each grain; e.g., internal stresses andconcentrations. Grain boundaries are represented and tracked using multiple level sets, providing amethod to evolve the grain structure in time. We demonstrate the approach using stress-driven grainboundary migration in polycrystalline copper films, assuming that migration is due to vacancymigration. The anisotropic elastic constants of single crystal copper are used for each grain, underspecified rotations (grain orientations). Stresses and stress gradients are thermally induced in a filmwith 〈111〉 texture, with the exception of a single 〈100〉 grain on a silicon dioxide film on a siliconsubstrate. Grain boundary velocities are calculated from the fluxes of vacancies to grain boundaries.The computed velocities are then used to update the level sets that represent the grain boundaries
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1178.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational Phase Studies of Oxide Ceramics (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: This paper shows how phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of variousmulticomponent oxide systems can be represented with the use of model equations for the Gibbsenergies of all phases as functions of temperature and composition. Starting from the stoichiometricphases and random solutions, the complexity of the models increases tremendously when orderingtendencies or certain defects in the lattice of ionic crystals, such as vacancies and/or variableoxidation states have to be taken into account
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.17.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis Mechanisms of the Combustion Synthesis of IntermetCers Composites (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1029-1034 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Combustion synthesis techniques have been applied to an equiatomic mixture ofAluminium, Nickel, Titanium and Carbon powders in order to obtain NiAl/TiC composites. Bothcombustion modes have been used: the Self-propagating High-temperature mode (SHS), in whichthe reaction propagates through the sample under the form of a heat wave and the ThermalExplosion mode (TES), in which the reaction occurs simultaneously in the complete sample. Thereactions have been followed in-situ by time-resolved diffraction, using synchrotron X-rays for theSHS mode and neutrons for the TES mode. Scanning Electron Micrographs and X-ray diffractionpatterns of the final product have shown that the same final products were obtained when themixture was synthesised under both combustion modes: a composite made of small and round TiCparticles (~1 micron) embedded into a matrix of larger NiAl grains (5 microns). However, theTime-Resolved Diffraction studies have shown that, even with the same final products, the twocombustion modes follow two completely different routes. Thus, for the SHS mode, the reaction istriggered by the formation of Nickel Aluminide and 3 intermediate phases are observed, and for theTES mode, the self-sustained reaction starts with the formation of Titanium Carbide and nointermediate phases have been seen
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.1029.pdf
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