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  • bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general  (1,117)
  • USA
  • English  (1,150)
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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Chicago, Ill. : The University of Chicago Press
    Call number: PIK D 029-19-92536
    Keywords: USA ; Demokratie
    Description / Table of Contents: More democracy -- Unequal wealth distorts politics -- What has gone wrong -- Thwarting the will of the people -- The political clout of wealthy Americans -- Corporations and interest groups -- Polarized parties and gridlock -- What can be done -- Equal voice for all citizens -- Overcoming gridlock and democratizing institutions -- How to do it -- A social movement for democracy -- Signs of progress
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 369 Seiten , Diagramme
    ISBN: 9780226508962 , 9780226509013 (electronic)
    Language: English
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint is the printed edition of the Special Issue published in Materials. The reprint provides an overview on current international research activities in the field of advanced pulse laser machining technology. It covers fundamental and applied aspects and collects contributions of renowned scientists from academics and industries working in the fields of laser processing, materials science, physics, chemistry, and engineering in order to foster the current knowledge and present new ideas for future applications and new technologies.
    Keywords: multi-beam micromachining ; beam splitting ; invar ; shadow masks ; OLED ; nanosecond laser ; direct laser interference patterning ; design of experiments ; central composite design ; morphological filtering ; surface texture homogeneity ; micro structuring ; bearing steel ; dual laser beam processing ; excited state absorption ; semiconducting thin films ; stimulated emission depletion ; femtosecond laser ; silicon ; amorphization ; crystallization ; spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry ; transmission electron microscopy ; atomic force microscopy ; laser ablation ; ultrafast ; re-deposition ; fs-laser writing ; waveguides ; element redistribution ; Soret effect ; diffusion competition effects ; ultra-short pulses ; double pulses ; burst processing ; MHz bursts ; GHz bursts ; X-ray emission ; micromachining ; dose rate ; X-ray spectrum ; ultrafast laser ; laser ; ultrashort pulse ; plasma ; X-ray ; Bremsstrahlung ; resonance absorption ; burst ; bi-burst ; beam shaping ; squared top-hat ; fs-laser ; laser surface structuring ; laser-induced periodic surface structures ; micro-channels ; glass ; ultrafast laser processing ; Bessel beam ; X-ray emission hazards ; ultrashort pulsed laser ; radiation protection ; industrial applications ; protection housing ; ambient dose rate ; pulsed laser ; laser micromachining ; mechanical shutter ; solenoid shutter ; electro-optic modulator shutter ; opening time ; lifetime ; X-ray energies ; X-ray dose rate ; laser printing ; laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) ; digital manufacturing ; additive manufacturing ; printing of materials ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Global warming is imposing tremendous challenges upon human and otherwise biotic life on Earth. A warmer atmosphere holds more moisture. The consensus is that the moisture transport by the atmospheric circulation strengthens and makes already wet areas of moisture convergence wetter and already dry areas of moisture divergence drier. Therefore, the tropics and mid-to-high latitudes will get wetter and the subtropics will get drier. Without any change in the interannual variability of hydroclimate, the change in the mean hydroclimate would equally increase drought risk in some places and flood risk in others. Moreover, global warming will cause the interannual variability of the hydroclimate to intensify, which will induce more droughts and floods. Furthermore, the changing atmospheric circulation interaction with the land surface may cause storm track alterations and may play an important role in shaping moisture redistribution. The author's contributions have documented the precipitation trends in southeast of the US, the Nile River Basin Ethiopia, Iraq, the Huai River Basin of northern China, and the Qilian Mountains of western China. The precipitation predictability on both global and regional scales are also studied. The interaction among climate systems in southeast Asia is also explicitly documented.
    Keywords: El Niño ; winter weather types ; precipitable water ; surface water vapor pressure ; consistency ; interannual and long-term trend ; precipitation ; trend analysis ; Iraq ; climate projection ; CMIP5 ; groundwater levels ; rainfall ; temperature ; Mann–Kendall test ; Bayesian Ensemble Algorithm ; rainstorm process ; rainstorm intensity ; risk estimation and mapping ; CMIP6 ; risk prediction ; Southwest China ; rainstorm and flood ; spatial and temporal change ; atmospheric circulation ; rainfall change ; CHIRPS ; PERSIANN-CDR ; descriptive statistics ; non-parametric trends ; Google Earth Engine ; central Punjab ; climate change ; land cover/land use ; vegetation ; NDVI ; Huai River Basin ; trends and variability ; flood magnitude ; Qilian Mountains ; cyclones power dissipation index (PDI) ; monsoon trough ; El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) ; Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) ; Walker circulation ; predictability ; global ; seasonal precipitation ; ENSO ; MJO ; climate trend ; land use land cover ; Nile River Basin ; water resources ; raindrop spectrum ; radar ; dynamic Z-I ; LSTM neural network ; precipitation estimation ; Loess Plateau ; spring maize ; relative soil moisture ; drought index ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Landscapes and cultural heritage have faced many challenges over time, including modifications and degradation that appear with time, overlaps with other challenges not previously observed, and the influence of cities and management. One of the most visible and globally discussed challenges is climate change. Therefore, there is an urgent need to launch initiatives to tackle climate change and other current challenges from the perspective of landscape and cultural heritage protection. This Special Issue presents selected papers of studies conducted in relation to the 28th Conference on the Series of Garden Art and Historical Dendrology entitled “Climate Change and Current Challenges for Landscapes and Cultural Heritage” that was held on 28 and 29 October 2021. This collection serves as a platform for the exchange of experiences among researchers from different scientific domains.
    Keywords: nature reserves ; landscape fragmentation ; north–south transitional zone ; spatial differentiation ; Qinling–Daba Mountains ; habitat quality ; water dams ; Krakow fortress ; climate change ; environmental management ; cultural heritage conservation ; urban densification ; prefabricated housing estates ; spatial devastation ; protection of urban layout ; Cracow ; climate change mitigation ; cultural heritage ; urban renewal ; urban parks ; therapeutic landscapes ; climate resilience ; vernacular heritage ; climate narratives ; climate adaptation ; climate stories ; courtyard ; urban green infrastructure ; urban pattern ; supervised classification ; ecosystem services (ES) ; urban cemeteries ; biocultural diversity (BCD) ; urban green infrastructure (UGI) ; questionnaire survey ; Leipzig ; Łódź ; sensory gardens ; urban green spaces ; aromatic herbs ; plant smell memory ; stress ; human wellbeing in urban areas ; restorative environments ; history of gardens ; castle garden ; goosefoot avenue ; star-shaped garden layout ; Austro-Hungarian Empire ; Transylvania as part of Romania ; green infrastructure ; resilience management ; biodiversity ; scenario analysis ; cellular automata model ; historic psychiatric hospitals ; therapeutic landscape ; green therapy ; horticulture therapy ; historical commons ; human cultural heritage ; local development ; landscape values ; rainwater management ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are dramatically influencing the environment, and research is strongly committed to proposing alternatives, mainly based on renewable energy sources. Low GHG electricity production from renewables is well established but issues of grid balancing are limiting their application. Energy storage is a key topic for the further deployment of renewable energy production. Besides batteries and other types of electrical storage, electrofuels and bioderived fuels may offer suitable alternatives in some specific scenarios. This Special Issue includes contributions on the energy conversion technologies and use, energy storage, technologies integration, e-fuels, and pilot and large-scale applications.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; n/a ; PV ; GHG savings ; lithium-ion battery (LIB) ; probability prediction ; decarbonization ; supercapacitor (SC) ; least squares support vector machine ; EV fleet forecasts ; alternative maritime power (AMP) ; Markov chain ; feasibility study ; D funding ; hybrid power system ; numerical analysis ; ship structure ; optimal sizing ; cellulosic ethanol ; electric vehicles EV ; biofuel ; green ship ; R&amp ; bulk carrier ; molten carbonate fuel cell system ; sparse Gaussian process regression ; power-to-gas ; combination method ; charging infrastructure ; jet fuel ; flow characteristics ; hybrid refinery ; LNG-fueled ship ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Wildfire risk can be perceived as the combination of wildfire hazards (often described by likelihood and intensity) with the susceptibility of people, property, or other valued resources to that hazard. Reflecting the seriousness of wildfire risk to communities around the world, substantial resources are devoted to assessing wildfire hazards and risks. Wildfire hazard and risk assessments are conducted at a wide range of scales, from localized to nationwide, and are often intended to communicate and support decision making about risks, including the prioritization of scarce resources. Improvements in the underlying science of wildfire hazard and risk assessment and in the development, communication, and application of these assessments support effective decisions made on all aspects of societal adaptations to wildfire, including decisions about the prevention, mitigation, and suppression of wildfire risks. To support such efforts, this Special Issue of the journal Fire compiles articles on the understanding, modeling, and addressing of wildfire risks to homes, water resources, firefighters, and landscapes.
    Keywords: wildfire risk ; object-oriented image analysis ; Sentinel-2 ; fire behavior ; flammap ; wildfire management ; water supply ; erosion ; wildfire containment ; Potential fire Operational Delineations ; Monte Carlo simulation ; transmission risk ; WUI ; fire ; defensible space ; prescribed fire ; community vulnerability ; fire suppression costs ; Zillow ; wildfire ; predictive modeling ; fire spread model ; Monte Carlo ; spatial modeling ; area difference index ; statistics ; precision ; recall ; principal components analysis ; risk assessment ; structure loss ; wildland–urban interface ; mitigation ; mapping ; land use ; disaster ; fire spread models ; surrogate modeling ; sensitivity analysis ; global sensitivity analysis ; colour coding ; communication ; forest fire ; ordinal categorization ; palette ; risk ; firefighter safety ; safe separation distance ; safety zones ; LCES ; Google Earth Engine ; lidar ; LANDFIRE ; Landsat ; GEDI ; parcel-level risk ; post-fire analysis ; risk mitigation ; rapid assessment ; natural hazards ; fuels ; fire hazard ; remote sensing ; LiDAR ; Sentinel ; modeling ; simulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue was to collect and present research results and experiences on energy supply in the Visegrad Group countries. This research considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects. It was important to determine how the V4 countries deal with energy management, how they have undergone or are undergoing energy transformation and in what direction they are heading. The articles concerned aspects of the energy balance in the V4 countries compared to the EU, including the production of renewable energy, as well as changes in its individual sectors (transport and food production). The energy efficiency of low-emission vehicles in public transport and goods deliveries are also discussed, as well as the energy efficiency of farms and energy storage facilities and the impact of the energy sector on the quality of the environment.
    Keywords: energy supplies ; energy security ; energy market ; EU countries ; Hellwig’s method ; sustainability strategies ; sustainable development ; Visegrád Group ; sustainable strategic management ; the renewable energy sector ; energy use ; structures ; food production systems ; Visegrad Group ; energy mix ; renewables ; energy in transport ; energetic efficiency ; energy sources ; economic growth ; developing and developed countries ; energy sector ; environmental quality ; renewable energy sources (RES) ; nuclear energy ; southeastern Poland ; sustainability ; renewable energy sources ; European Union ; cluster analysis ; Visegrad Group countries ; fuels ; cointegration ; Granger causality ; electricity prices ; households ; directions of price changes ; biogas energy ; solar energy ; hybrid biogas plant ; renewable energy ; circular economy ; off-grid systems ; energy efficiency ; social and economic aspects of energy ; economic efficiency ; low emissions ; zero emissions ; e-commerce ; last mile ; parcel lockers ; efficiency of logistics processes ; economies of scale ; simulation of logistics processes ; COVID-19 ; BESS management ; price arbitration ; shift load ; microgrid ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Special Issue, “Mapping Indigenous Knowledge in the Digital Age”, explores Indigenous engagement with geo-information in contemporary cartography. Indigenous mapping, incorporating performance, process, product, and positionality as well as tangible and intangible heritage, is speedily entering the domain of cartography, and digital technology is facilitating the engagement of communities in mapping their own locational stories, histories, cultural heritage, environmental, and political priorities. In this publication, multimodal and multisensory online maps combine the latest multimedia and telecommunications technology to examine data and support qualitative and quantitative research, as well as to present and store a wide range of temporal/spatial information and archival materials in innovative interactive storytelling formats. It will be of particular interest to researchers engaged in studies of global human and environmental connection in the age of evolving information technology.
    Keywords: transdisciplinary research ; knowledge dialog ; participatory mapping ; qualitative analysis ; community-based management ; Dawes ; allotment ; GIS ; map ; automation ; PLSS ; geographic information systems ; reservation ; indigenous ; Standing Rock ; community mapping ; learning community ; natural resources management ; Cyberatlas ; Native Americans ; first nations ; historic cartography ; toponymy ; Indigenous maps ; indigital ; undergraduate education ; native science ; Inuinnait ; Inuinnaqtun ; cybercartography ; digital return ; multi-media cartography ; digital heritage ; native guidance system ; Lençóis Maranhenses region ; Maranhão coast ; traditional communities ; Cybercartographic Atlas ; indigenous mappings ; decolonial cartography ; mythical spaces and indigenous orientations ; sky map ; collaborative work ; Pa Ipai ; Baja California ; Mexico ; mapping ; reconciliation ; art ; digital pedagogy ; reflexivity ; Cybercartography ; GIAMedia ; FOSS ; intercultural literacy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: The high importance of free radical chemistry for a variety of biological events, including ageing and inflammation, has attracted considerable interest in understanding the related mechanistic steps at the molecular level. Modelling the free radical chemical reactivity of biological systems is an important research area. When studying free-radical-based chemical mechanisms, biomimetic chemistry and the design of established biomimetic models come into play to perform experiments in a controlled environment, suitably designed to be a similar as possible to cellular conditions. This Special Issue provides readers with a wide overview of biomimetic radical chemistry, where molecular mechanisms have been defined and molecular libraries of products are developed to be used as traces for the discoveries of some relevant biological processes. Several subjects are presented, with five articles and five reviews written by specialists in the fields of DNA, proteins, lipids, biotechnological applications and bioinspired synthesis, with “free radicals” as the common denominator.
    Keywords: guanine ; guanyl radical ; tautomerism ; guanine radical cation ; oligonucleotides ; DNA ; G-quadruplex ; time-resolved spectroscopies ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; oxidation ; catalase mimics ; peroxide ; diiron-peroxo complexes ; structure/activity ; kinetic studies ; biomimetic chemistry ; cysteine ; ketone reduction ; free radicals ; pulse radiolysis ; kinetics ; DNA oxidation ; DNA hole transfer ; molecular dynamics ; quantum dynamics ; electron transfer ; charge transfer ; quantum coherence ; chemiluminescence ; reaction mechanisms ; singlet oxygen ; reactive oxygen species ; light emission ; crosslink ; dimerization ; protein oxidation ; radicals ; di-tyrosine ; di-tryptophan ; disulfides ; thiols ; aggregation ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; collagen ; riboflavin ; hyaluronic acid ; EPR spectroscopy ; keratoconus ; STEM ; DNA biosensor ; chemical nucleases ; DNA-drug interaction ; copper complexes ; metallodrugs ; MEP pathway ; antibiotics ; IspH ; LytB ; [4Fe-4S] cluster ; reductive dehydroxylation ; bioorganometallic intermediate ; inhibitors ; methionine ; neighboring group effect ; hydroxyl radical ; triplet state of carboxybenzophenone ; one-electron oxidants ; laser flash photolysis ; peptides ; proteins ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This Special Issue highlights fundamental changes to the questions that we can ask about both the recent past and deep time. Delve into the forefront of paleontological research with this Special Issue reprint. Renowned paleontologists from around the world share groundbreaking insights into ancient life on Earth. Discover the latest advances in fossil discovery, analytical techniques, interdisciplinary collaborations, and technological innovations that are shaping our understanding of evolution and the Earth's history. This collection of cutting-edge research is a must-read for scientists, researchers, and enthusiasts interested in the dynamic field of paleontology in the modern era.
    Keywords: REE ; Tyrannosaurus rex ; molecular paleontology ; geochemical taphonomy ; diagenesis ; bone ; protein ; collagen ; Hell Creek Formation ; cuticle ; Eocene ; Fur Formation ; insects ; melanin ; mo-clay ; pigment ; Stolleklint Clay ; structural coloration ; Ølst Formation ; fossil ; dinosaur ; paleoproteomics ; porphyrin ; keratin ; feather ; taphonomy ; degradation ; microbes ; CO2 ; apatite ; paleontology ; China ; history ; 20th century ; 21th century ; paleobiology ; history and philosophy of paleontology ; twenty-first-century paleontology ; paleobiological revolution ; technoscience and global issues ; fossil proteins ; rare earth elements ; soft-tissue preservation ; geochemistry ; soft tissues ; molecular preservation ; Hornerstown Formation ; shallow marine ; glauconite ; hybridization ; introgression ; ancient DNA (aDNA) ; hominin paleontology ; paleoanthropology ; Brachylophosaurus ; Judith River Formation ; ELISA ; RIA ; Venta Micena site ; VM-0 ; VM-1960 ; taxonomy ; morphometrics ; phylogeny ; evolution ; morphological clock ; molecular clock ; biodiversity ; palaeobiogeography ; macroevolution ; primates ; Cercopithecidae ; monkeys ; genotype:phenotype mapping ; dentition ; Equidae ; Equinae ; hipparionini ; protohippini ; equini ; paleoecology ; paleoclimatology ; biochronology ; steroids ; diet ; coprolites ; Gryphaea dilatata ; crystallographic texture ; pole figures ; neutron diffraction ; recrystallization ; thick-walled shells ; molecular taphonomy ; fossils ; preservation ; mass spectrometry ; dinosaurs ; Neanderthal ; Combe-Grenal ; juvenile ; mandible ; periodontitis ; tooth ; tartar ; SEM analysis ; n/a ; terrestrialization ; artrhopods ; Cambrian explosion ; molecular clocks ; palaeontology ; phylogenomics ; teeth ; enamel ; microanalysis ; Purussaurus ; Neoepiblema ; miocene ; ICP-MS ; MEV ; microscopy ; magnetic resonance imaging ; micro-computed tomography ; radiocarbon dating ; DNA barcoding ; synchrotron ; bone remodeling ; elemental analysis ; diagenetic alteration ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue introduces recent research results on MEMS packaging and 3D integration whose subjects can be divided as follow; three papers on biocompatible implantable packaging, three papers on interconnect, three papers on bonding technologies, one paper on vacuum packaging, and three papers on modeling and simulation.
    Keywords: heterogeneous integration ; wafer bonding ; wafer sealing ; room-temperature bonding ; Au-Au bonding ; surface activated bonding ; Au film thickness ; surface roughness ; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) packaging ; inkjet printing ; redistribution layers ; capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUT) ; fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) ; adhesion ; thin film metal ; parylene ; neural probe ; scotch tape test ; FEM ; MEMS resonator ; temperature coefficient ; thermal stress ; millimeter-wave ; redundant TSV ; equivalent circuit model ; S-parameters extraction ; technology evaluation ; MEMS and IC integration ; MCDM ; fuzzy AHP ; fuzzy VIKOR ; fan-out wafer-level package ; finite element ; glass substrate ; reliability life ; packaging-on-packaging ; thermal sensors ; TMOS sensor ; finite difference time domain ; optical and electromagnetics simulations ; finite element analysis ; ultrasonic bonding ; metal direct bonding ; microsystem integration ; biocompatible packaging ; implantable ; reliability ; Finite element method (FEM) ; simulation ; multilayer reactive bonding ; integrated nanostructure-multilayer reactive system ; spontaneous self-ignition ; self-propagating exothermic reaction ; Pd/Al reactive multilayer system ; Ni/Al reactive multilayer system ; low-temperature MEMS packaging ; crack propagation ; microbump ; deflection angle ; stress intensity factor (SIF) ; polymer packaging ; neural interface ; chronic implantation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Symmetry can play an important role in the field of nonlinear systems and especially in the design of nonlinear circuits that produce chaos. Therefore, this Special Issue, titled “Symmetry in Chaotic Systems and Circuits”, presents the latest scientific advances in nonlinear chaotic systems and circuits that introduce various kinds of symmetries. Applications of chaotic systems and circuits with symmetries, or with a deliberate lack of symmetry, are also presented in this Special Issue. The volume contains 14 published papers from authors around the world. This reflects the high impact of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: chaos ; bifurcation ; closed curve equilibrium ; synchronization ; nonlinear equations ; iterative methods ; rotation–translation formula ; symmetric encryption ; chaotic map ; image encryption ; simultaneous confusion and diffusion ; chaotic oscillator ; lyapunov exponents ; poincare map ; integrated circuit ; fpga ; time-delay ; boolean networks ; hidden attractor ; amplitude control ; offset boosting ; cryptography ; substitution box ; postprocessing ; symmetry ; asymmetry ; chaotic system ; random bit generation ; logistic map ; chaos-based cryptography ; entropy ; prediction ; fractional-order ; glucose-insulin system ; chaotic attractor ; active control ; chaos theory ; electrical circuit analysis ; jerk circuit ; Chua’s diode ; system of differential equations ; quantum mechanics ; molecular quantum transitions ; singularity ; dozy chaos ; dozy-chaos mechanics ; charge transfer ; condensed matter ; direct and reverse processes ; optical band shapes ; Egorov resonance ; hyperchaotic behavior ; arduino microcontrollers ; optical channel ; chaotic flow ; hyperbolic sinusoidal function ; voice encryption ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The World Health Organization recommends the consumption of plant foods instead of animal-origin foods due to their high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol. Consumption of plant products has led to research on the beneficial properties of their components beyond basic nutrients. Vegetable-derived peptides have shown multifunctional effects related to chronic diseases, attracting interest from the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This reprint highlights studies on various vegetable extracts, such as chestnut, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat, and Protium heptaphyllum gum resin, which have demonstrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-regulating properties. Specific compounds derived from plants, such as methyl p-coumarate and lupin protein hydrolysate, have shown effectiveness in reducing inflammation and anxiety, respectively. A vegetable extract of rosemary has been studied for its potential to treat osteogenesis imperfecta. Moreover, this repprint reviews Lycium barbarum berries, essential oils from Annonaceae species, antioxidant compounds, phytosterols, and natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis was discussed. Overall, these studies suggest that vegetable-derived bioactive compounds could serve as new nutraceuticals to prevent and treat a wide range of chronic diseases.
    Keywords: hypercholesterolemia ; gene expression ; HMGCR ; PCSK9 ; PPARα ; enzymatic activity ; molecular docking ; statin ; monacolin ; breu branco ; seed storage proteins ; peptides ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; trypsin inhibitors ; quinoa ; amaranth ; buckwheat ; in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion ; natural products ; Brazilian species ; essential oil ; applications ; phytosterols ; neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s disease ; blood brain barrier ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; dyslipidemia ; diabetes ; enzyme-assisted extraction ; plant material ; phenolic compounds ; oligosaccharides ; prebiotic ; nanocellulose ; nanofibers ; fermentation ; sustainability ; cancer ; drug delivery ; oral mucositis ; treatment ; lupin ; protein hydrolysates ; anxiety ; ApoE−/− ; functional foods ; peptidomics ; rosemary extract ; collagen type I ; unfolded protein response ; autophagy ; proteasome ; skin fibroblasts ; apoptosis ; osteogenesis imperfecta ; asthma ; methyl p-coumarate ; Th2 cytokines ; eosinophil ; NF-κB ; Castanea sativa shells ; Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) ; antimicrobial activity ; goji berries ; pro-healthy effects ; phenolics ; biological properties ; functional ingredients ; in vitro cultures ; Ruta montana ; coumarins ; alkaloids ; antibiofilm formation ; antibacterial activity ; antioxidant activity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Considering the worldwide problem of aquatic pollution, we proposed this reprint, which presents a collection of articles on different aspects of environmental pollution, from monitoring to the evaluation of toxicity. In particular, the volume concerns the issues specifically related to emerging contaminants in aquatic environments, such as plastics and pharmaceuticals. However, to confer to this volume a more holistic view, some articles on priority pollutants, such as heavy metals and pesticides, are also reported.
    Keywords: aquatic ecosystems ; pollution ; monitoring ; toxic effects ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue of the journal Axioms collects submissions in which the authors report their perceptions and results in the field of mathematical physics and/or physical mathematics without any preconditions of the specific research topic. The papers are intended to provide the reader with a broad window into the status of the research field showing our understanding of how a known concept changes our thinking in that area of science. The papers in the Special Issue highlight the current two issues in physics and mathematics under hot debate: fractional calculus and entropy.
    Keywords: weak detonation ; high activation regime ; nonlinear PDEs ; Fuchsian reduction analysis ; Lorentz transformation ; blow-up ; hot spot ; chemically reactive flows ; nonlinear equations in partial derivatives ; hyperbolic equations ; Bäcklund transformations ; Clairin’s method ; differential relationships ; the Liouville equation ; symbolic calculus ; canonical system of q-difference equations ; q-Euler integral ; multi-term fractional differential equation ; quasilinear equation ; Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative ; defect of Cauchy type problem ; fixed point theorem ; initial-boundary value problem ; deformed numbers ; deformed algebras ; deformed calculus ; nonadditive entropy ; vibration control ; boundary control ; intermediate state control ; separation of variables ; Riemann–Liouville fractional differential equations ; nonlocal boundary conditions ; positive parameters ; positive solutions ; existence ; nonexistence ; Patlak–Keller–Segel systems ; the Cattaneo model of chemosensitive movement ; hyperbolic models ; shock waves ; conservation laws ; constrained Hamiltonian system ; canonicalization ; symplectic method ; numerical simulation ; extended Chebyshev functional ; generalized proportional Hadamard fractional integral operator ; manipulation system ; geometric approach ; noninteraction ; two-phase flow ; Sobolev spaces ; analytic semigroups ; fractional interpolation ; local and global solutions ; seismic tensorial force ; far-field seismic waves ; near-field seismic waves ; seismic mainshock ; quasi-static deformations ; mathematical physics ; Elliott Lieb ; the International Association of Mathematical Physics (IAMP, history and development) ; Letters in Mathematical Physics (LMP) ; history ; God as an (optional) axiom ; metamathematics ; symmetries ; particle physics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PB Mathematics::PBT Probability & statistics
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The first experiments on electron scattering were completed before the “official” discovery of this particle by J. J. Thomson. In spite of this, our knowledge of cross sections is still far from complete.More recent experiments had some unexpected results, like selective fragmentation of DNA constituents by low-energy electrons, or “reverse” phenomena, i.e., synthesis of simple amino acids from inorganic precursors, triggered by slow electrons. The most recent need for cross sections comes from modeling plasmas for industrial and thermonuclear applications, and atmospheres of solar and extra-solar planets.Both fundamental research (experiments, theory, reviews) and applications of electron-scattering cross sections in various processes are welcome.
    Keywords: ionization ; electron ; positron ; few body ; electron scattering ; integral cross sections ; alcohols ; isomeric effect ; butanol ; pentanol ; electron mobility ; multiple-scattering effects ; disordered systems ; weak localization ; electron and positron scattering ; spin asymmetry ; critical minima ; total polarization ; coulomb glory ; water ; vibrational excitation ; R-matrix ; electron-molecule collisions ; interstellar medium ; model potential ; wave-packet propagation ; vibrational cross-section ; backscattering ; electron optics ; inelastic collisions ; numerical simulations ; electron ionization ; electron capture ; helium droplets ; cross section ; MCDF wavefunctions ; wavelengths ; transition rates ; relativistic distorted wave method ; cross sections ; rate coefficients ; ionizing radiation ; dissociative electron attachment ; mass spectrometry ; DNA damage ; cross-section calculations ; plasma simulation ; electron atomic collisions ; ionization cross section ; approximation of cross sections ; alkali metals ; noble gases ; electron elastic scattering ; scattering cross-sections ; positron scattering ; total cross-sections ; dispersion relation ; electron scattering cross sections ; electron transport in gases ; electron track simulation ; positron impact ionization ; positron-molecule scattering ; binary-encounter-Bethe ; argon optical emission spectroscopy ; plasma processing ; coronal models ; collisional-radiative model ; nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium plasmas ; population kinetics ; radiation transport ; opacity effects ; Non-Maxwellian plasmas ; metastable states ; electron-impact ionization ; BEB approach ; elementary processes in plasmas ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: It is our pleasure to present this Special Issue of Molecules entitled “Food Processing and Its Impact on Phenolic and other Bioactive Constituents in Food”. Bioactive compounds including phenolic ingredients have long been used as important constituents of a healthy diet. As a result, consumer awareness about the important role of high-quality products rich in bioactive compounds—especially phenolic compounds—in human nutrition, health, and prevention against diseases has increased. Additionally, methods for food processing, regardless of the technology used, have a huge impact on the quality of the final products. Therefore, the big challenges for scientists lie in the monitoring of changes during food processing and the optimization of technology to achieve the minimal degradation of nutrients (including phenolic compounds). Thus, for this Special Issue, I encourage you to read some interesting papers aimed at bringing the latest scientific news, insights, and advances in the field of food processing and its impact on bioactive constituents in food, especially phenolic compounds. The information presented will certainly arouse considerable interest among a large group of our readers from different disciplines and research fields.
    Keywords: apple ; phenolic compounds ; genetic resources ; HPLC-DAD ; thyme ; oregano ; dry herbs ; polyphenols ; chlorophyll ; carotenoids ; microbial ; cytotoxicity ; dissolution test ; functional food ; innovative food ; drying ; natural food ; Helianthus tuberosus ; pro-healthy properties ; plant polyphenols ; food processing ; phenolic content ; bioavailability ; bioaccessibility ; coffee Arabica ; roasting process ; brewing methods ; antioxidant activity ; flavonoids ; caffeine ; pH of infusions ; tannins ; snack ; baking ; carotenoids content ; chlorophyll content ; total polyphenols content ; calorific value ; sensory properties ; sourdough fermentation ; inoculation ; lactic acid bacteria ; FODMAP ; fructans ; antioxidants ; chocolate ; free radical scavenging activity ; reducing power ; functionalization of food ; electronic nose analysis ; isoflavone conversion ; thermal process ; immature seeds ; mature seeds ; internal water content ; konjac ; linseed flour ; fat substitute ; volatile compounds ; lipid oxidation ; encapsulation ; Mauritia flexuosa (aguaje) ; controlled dehydration ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The eradication of vector-borne diseases is threatened by the limited range of available insecticides, leading, inevitably, to the development of resistance. This is particularly concerning for malaria control, which relies heavily on insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS). New chemistries are being developed, and innovative deployment of insecticides may play a role in overcoming resistance, either through new types of tools or new means of distribution. A variety of novel product types and vector control strategies are under development and evaluation, which is to be celebrated, but a strong evidence base is needed to guide effective operational deployment decisions. Novel approaches should be supported by robust data collected using appropriate and validated methods to monitor efficacy, durability, and any emerging resistance. This reprint presents original research into developing and characterizing new vector control products, as well as understanding and monitoring insecticide resistance. Review articles explore the impact of insecticide resistance and offer guidance on insecticide choice in the face of pyrethroid resistance. Consensus methodologies are presented, in the form of standard operating procedures (SOPs) designed to be adopted and used to generate reproducible data that can be compared and interpreted across and between studies. It is hoped that this collection of articles offers inspiration and guidance on how consistent data can be generated to inform more effective development, evaluation, and use of new and existing vector control tools.
    Keywords: prallethrin ; insecticide ; spatial treatment ; mosquito fitness ; protection ; pyrethroids ; Aedes albopictus ; Culex pipiens ; life tables ; mosquito ; bite-proof garment ; model ; textile ; non-insecticidal ; physical barrier ; insecticide selection ; out-crossing ; strain authentication ; laboratory screening ; pyrethroid ; pyrethroid resistance ; insecticide resistance ; insecticide resistance management ; vector control ; malaria ; malaria control ; Anopheles ; host-seeking behavior ; insecticide exposure ; pathogen transmission ; Aedes aegypti ; Anopheles gambiae ; ATSB ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Iroquois ; RNAi ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; Anopheles mosquito ; fertility ; ovary development ; pyriproxyfen (PPF) ; side-effects ; machine learning ; image classification ; automated identification ; convolutional neural network ; insecticide-treated net (ITN) ; PBO ITN ; synergist ITN ; dual-AI ITN ; insecticide resistance management (IRM) ; method validation ; durability monitoring ; bioinsecticide ; disease transmission ; insecticide-resistance ; mosquito-borne disease ; mosquito control ; natural compounds ; phytochemical ; malaria vector ; insecticide treated nets ; cytochrome P450s ; kdr ; cuticular resistance ; deltamethrin ; imidacloprid ; bifenthrin ; β-cyfluthrin ; etofenprox ; α-cypermethrin ; λ-cyhalothrin ; thiacloprid ; mosquitoes ; Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; diagnostic bioassay ; resistance monitoring ; insecticide-treated nets (ITN) ; strain characterisation ; method development ; product evaluation ; quality control (QC) ; dual active ingredients (dual-AI) ; bioefficacy ; IRS ; application technology ; broflanilide ; clothianidin ; pirimiphos-methyl ; WHO tube ; WHO tunnel test ; ITNs ; interceptor ; interceptor G2 ; membrane ; human arm ; rabbit ; bioassay ; bio-efficacy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Phenolic compounds in food such as fruits, vegetables, wine, spices, and oils have been characterized and their possible effects on human health has been studied in depth. Several technological aspects have also been considered concerning the sustainable extraction of phenolic compounds, the long-term storage effects, and the influence of fermentation and boiling techniques on their properties.
    Keywords: chestnut ; water curing ; non-targeted MS analysis ; antioxidants ; Arecaceae ; polyphenols ; volatile content ; antioxidant activity ; liquid chromatography ; inflammation ; lung ; oxidative damage ; antiviral ; polyphenol ; phenolic acids ; flavonoids ; Vicia faba ; functional food ; green solvents ; biologically active compounds ; selective separation ; medicinal plants ; ultrasonic-assisted extraction ; microwave-assisted extraction ; kombucha ; black tea ; long-term storage ; antioxidant scavenging activity ; total phenolic content ; meat quality ; antimicrobial activity ; C. scolymus ; food quality ; beverages ; health properties ; antioxidant activities ; fibrinogen ; albumin ; rutin ; tannic acid ; resveratrol ; binding properties ; first order ; kinetic modelling ; zero order ; food processing ; herbal tea ; boiling ; EVOO ; vegetables ; phenolic compounds ; thermal treatment ; processing techniques ; bioaccessibility ; bioavailability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The articles in this Special Issue cover a very wide range of topics related to the cultivation, management and use of fast-growing tree species. In addition to research on breeding and on the influence of pruning practices on the height growth of paulownia, three articles deal with the influence of site characteristics and nutrient availability on the physiology and yield security of fast-growing tree species. Another article focuses on the modeling of soil carbon in Salix plantations, while the article by Boruszewski et al. reports on potentially suitable areas for the planting of fast-growing tree species in Poland. Zitzmann and Rode examine the impact of short-rotation plantation management on phytodiversity, while Helbig et al. deal with the influence of leaf feeding on the growth of poplars and willows. Finally, Hernandez-Estrada et al. describe the dry matter loss of poplar wood chips during storage.
    Keywords: woody biomass crops ; bioenergy ; biodiversity ; species richness ; flora ; vascular plants ; short rotation coppices ; poplars ; willows ; feeding simulation ; defoliation ; herbivory ; short rotation coppice ; phosphatase activity ; nutrient content ; growth stages ; biomass ; willow ; Salix ; capacity ; European larch ; fast-growing trees ; plantations ; plantation area ; poplar cultivar “Hybrid 275” ; sown area ; biomass production ; life cycle assessment ; climate impact ; soil organic carbon ; genotypic difference ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; genome editing ; Populus ; INRA 717-1B4 ; pyramidal plant habitus ; leaf petiole angle ; branch angle ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; carbon ; physiology ; F. mandshurica ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; photosynthetic vitality ; chlorophyll and phenol content ; nutrition supply ; dry matter yield ; land reclamation ; spring pruning ; year-long pruning ; branching ; angle diversion of sprout ; dry matter losses ; poplar wood chips ; laboratory scale ; cultivable saproxylic microbiota ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book presents the advances in plant salinity stress and tolerance, including mechanistic insights revealed using powerful molecular tools and multi-omics and gene functions studied by genetic engineering and advanced biotechnological methods. Additionally, the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the improvement of plant salinity tolerance and the underlying mechanisms and progress in breeding for salinity-tolerant rice are comprehensively discussed. Clearly, the published data have contributed to the significant progress in expanding our knowledge in the field of plant salinity stress and the results are valuable in developing salinity-stress-tolerant crops; in benefiting their quality and productivity; and eventually, in supporting the sustainability of the world food supply.
    Keywords: watermelon ; salt stress ; RNA-seq ; amino acids ; endocytosis ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; halophyte ; high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) ; Na+ transporter ; salt tolerance ; Sporobolus virginicus ; aquaporins ; barley ; ion transport ; oocytes ; plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) ; GmbZIP15 ; transcription factor ; drought stress ; soybean ; biotechnology breeding ; high-throughput sequencing ; QTLs ; rice ; halophytic wild barley ; salinity ; osmotic stress ; metabolome ; transcriptome ; ionome ; stress adaptation ; Hordeum marinum ; aquaporin ; Zygophyllum xanthoxylum ; plant growth ; abiotic stress ; sensing ; signaling ; transcription factors ; osmoregulation ; antioxidation ; ion homeostasis ; jasmonates ; jasmonate signaling pathway ; crosstalk ; exogenous jasmonate applications ; GWAS ; PGPR ; ACC deaminase ; seed priming ; IAA ; cell wall integrity ; cell wall sensor ; LRXs ; CrRLK1Ls ; Millettia pinnata ; calmodulin-like ; heterologous expression ; halophiles ; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) ; RNA sequence analysis (RNA-seq) ; quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In recent years, new and emerging digital technologies applied to food science have been gaining attention and increased interest from researchers and the food/beverage industries. In particular, those digital technologies that can be used throughout the food value chain are accurate, easy to implement, affordable, and user-friendly. Hence, this Special Issue (SI) is dedicated to novel technology based on sensor technology and machine/deep learning modeling strategies to implement artificial intelligence (AI) into food and beverage production and for consumer assessment. This SI published quality papers from researchers in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Spain, and Mexico, including food and beverage products, such as grapes and wine, chocolate, honey, whiskey, avocado pulp, and a variety of other food products.
    Keywords: sensory ; physicochemical measurements ; artificial neural networks ; near infra-red spectroscopy ; wine quality ; machine learning modeling ; weather ; consumer acceptance prediction ; data fusion ; emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; galvanic skin response ; machine learning ; neural networks ; sensory analysis ; avocado ; cultivars ; preference mapping ; sensory evaluation ; sensory descriptive analysis ; consumer science ; unifloral honeys ; botanical origin ; physicochemical parameters ; classification ; natural language processing ; deep learning ; sensory science ; flavor lexicon ; long short-term memory ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint reviews a crop pest management use for several essential oils and the properties of an excellent lemon (citral) source. Research is reported on the biological properties of enhanced lemon oil along with the human intake of citrus beverages and the less common medicinal mastiha oil. Oils and hydrolates of rosemary and lavender were analyzed by headspace/GC-MS to better define their antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, and yeast particle encapsulation was investigated for the controlled release of bioactive terpenes.
    Keywords: monoterpenes ; mastiha oil ; absorption ; Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck ; essential oil ; citral ; nutraceuticals ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; terpenes ; yeast particles ; antimicrobial ; anthelmintic ; prodrug ; beverages ; Citrus ; coumarins ; furocoumarins ; polymethoxyflavones ; linear retention indices ; liquid chromatography ; tandem mass spectrometry ; multiple reaction monitoring ; quality control ; Backhousia citriodora ; lemon myrtle ; lemon oils ; geranial ; neral ; iso-citrals ; citronellal ; flavor ; fragrance ; biological activity ; Lavandula angustifolia ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; essential oils ; hydrolates ; chemical analysis ; volatile compounds ; phytochemicals ; synergism ; fractional inhibitory concentration ; insect mortality rate ; phytopathogenic fungi ; insect pests ; pesticide resistance ; fungicide resistance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book is relevant to architects, urban designers, planners, and policy makers concerned with enhancing climate-sensitive urban form and planning. It discusses building and neighborhood design: layout and design features that maximize energy efficiency and thermal comfort without compromising the ability of other buildings to enjoy similar benefits; the use of interstitial spaces (piazzas, streets, and parks) to improve the microclimate at the neighbourhood-level; design intervention case studies; innovative uses of interstitial spaces to improve the local climate at the neighborhood level; and urban radiative cooling solutions to mitigate the unintended climate consequences of urban growth and suggestions for ways forward.
    Keywords: cooling effect ; urban park ; thermal comfort ; physiological equivalent temperature ; perceived thermal comfort ; urban heat island ; air temperature ; sustainable cities ; smart cities ; urban health ; global warming ; urban green spaces ; sustainable urban development ; climate change mitigation and adaptation ; urban resilience  ; heatwaves ; urban overheating ; urban heat island intensity ; energy budget equation ; sensible heat flux ; latent heat flux ; advective heat flux ; Australian climatic conditions ; coastal cities ; desert climate ; surface urban heat island effect ; land use/land cover ; partial least square regression ; nonlinear programming ; Shanghai ; China ; urban form ; urban microclimate design ; city ; sustainability ; sustainable development ; cool roof ; passive radiative cooling ; metamaterials ; prototype ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHH Thermodynamics & heat
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This Special Issue contains one review and five original articles, all of which address cutting-edge research in the field of water and environmental virology. The review article by Gerba and Betancourt summarizes the current status and future needs for the development of virus detection methods in water reuse systems, especially focusing on methods to assess the infectivity of enteric viruses. Original papers cover a variety of research topics, such as an environmental monitoring survey of group A rotaviruses in sewage and oysters in Japan, the occurrence and genetic diversity of noroviruses and rotaviruses in a wastewater reclamation system in China, the detection of viruses and their indicators in tanker water and its sources in Nepal, integrated culture next-generation sequencing to identify the diversity of F-specific RNA coliphages in wastewater, and the development of a portable collection and detection method for viruses from ambient air and its application to a wastewater treatment plant.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; reuse ; aerosols ; viral indicator ; wastewater treatment ; microbial contamination ; index virus ; real-time PCR ; tanker water ; virus ; wastewater reclamation ; pathogenic virus ; infectivity ; chlorination ; molecular methods ; wastewater ; next-generation sequencing ; fecal source tracking ; oyster ; fecal-source marker ; viral contamination ; cell culture ; pathogenic microorganisms ; rotavirus ; ultraviolet disinfection ; F-specific RNA bacteriophage strain ; sewage ; waterborne gastroenteritis viruses ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This reprint is devoted to “greener catalysis for environmental applications”, and primarily covers the catalytic synthesis of value-added chemicals, as well as the catalytic removal of pollutants. The most important topics covered were the conversion of waste to the product, solvent-free conditions as well as toxicity assessment of the reaction products.
    Keywords: selectivity tuning ; CO2 methanation ; reverse water gas shift ; photocatalysis ; dye ; UV ; peroxydisulfate ; advanced oxidation process ; Fischer-Tropsch ; jet fuel ; gasoline ; CoMn ; hydrotalcite-like precursors ; heterogeneous catalysis ; montmorillonite ; benzimidazoles ; gallium ; vanadium ; hydrodesulfurization ; hydrogenation ; synthesis method ; catalysis ; zero valent iron ; de-chlorination ; borohydride ; sol-gel ; ferromagnetic ; glycine–nitrate process ; copper-based nanoparticles ; photocatalysis activity ; NP9EO ; Fenton degradation ; ofloxacin ; Fe3O4 ; zeolite ; heterogeneous ; ion exchange resins ; waste cooking oil ; reuse of catalyst ; epoxidation ; Circular Economy ; contaminants of emerging concern ; advanced oxidation processes ; by-products ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Vegetable crops provide valuable minerals and vitamins that are indispensible for human health. Scientists have been working on the genetics of vegetable crops, deciphering the molecular bases of agronomically important traits. These genetic bases and variations in vegetable traits will greatly facilitate vegetable genetic improvement. Therefore, the genes of and genetic research on vegetable crops are of great importance. This Special Issue is a collection of 13 important research papers addressing the genes, genetics, and breeding of major vegetable crops. In the present book, the authors described the genes and QTLs responsible for stress tolerance, disease resistance, vegetable yield, and quality. The 13 research papers cover germplasm enhancement and evaluation, QTL mapping, gene isolation, marker development, and gene expression as well as gene editing in a wide range of vegetable species, including broccoli, pepper, eggplant, onion, and Cucurbita species. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection regarding their own work and the goal of improving breeding efficiency with molecular breeding to generate environment-adaptive, high-yield, and high-quality vegetable crops with which to feed the global population of 9.7 billion in an extreme climate by 2050.
    Keywords: pepper ; Capsicum annuum ; Phytophthora capsici ; high-density genetic map ; QTL ; Capcicum annuum L. ; RNA-Seq ; nitrogen-use efficiency ; low-nitrogen tolerance ; CaHSP18.1a ; gene silencing ; transgenic Arabidopsis ; heat stress ; gene expression ; pumpkin ; simple sequence repeat (SSR) ; syntenic relationship ; cross-species markers ; population structure ; eggplant ; heat shock factor (Hsf) ; heat shock protein (Hsp) ; thermotolerance ; C. frutescens ; SSR ; germplasm ; genetic diversity ; CRISPR/Cas ; gene knockout ; genome editing ; germplasm resource ; precision editing ; regulatory framework ; trait improvement ; Brassica oleracea ; broccoli ; candidate gene ; anthocyanin ; allelochemicals ; VOCs properties ; VOCs action ; VOCs detection ; green agriculture ; progress ; genetic researches ; molecular breeding ; transcriptomics ; transcription factor ; heritability ; genetic advance ; multi-trait selection ; principal component analysis ; HRM ; molecular marker ; phylogenetic analysis ; RNA sequencing ; SCAR ; SNP ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Metal 3D printing, as an advanced forming, can manufacture parts directly from digital model by using layer by layer material build-up approach. This manufacturing method can prepare complex shape metal parts in short time, with and high precision. Three-dimensional printing processes can be classified into two major groups: Powder Bed Fusion-based technologies and Directed Energy Deposition. Three-dimensional printing features freedom of part complexity, part design, and light-weighting for aerospace, automobile, and other industries application. The Global Metal 3D Printing Market is mainly driven by the the fast developing of aerospace and automobile industry. The Global Metal 3D Printing Market size was valued at USD 534.18 Million in 2020 and is projected to reach USD 4458.76 Million by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 30.38% from 2021 to 2028.
    Keywords: 17-4PH ; SLM ; solution temperature ; microstructure and properties ; selective laser melting ; CuCrZr alloy ; process parameters ; relative density ; tensile properties ; Ni-based superalloys ; electron beam melting ; additive manufacturing ; Argon gas atomized ; plasma rotation electrode process ; powder characteristics ; residual stresses ; selective laser melting (SLM) ; finite element modeling (FEM) ; triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) ; copper corrosion ; liquefied petroleum gas ; H2S corrosion ; SEM ; XPS ; CLF-1 steel ; microstructure ; mechanical properties ; in-situ alloying ; composition inhomogeneity ; computer simulation ; processing map ; laser powder bed fusion ; graphene ; high temperature ; mechanical property ; alumina ; cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy ; electroless plating ; friction performance ; implants ; Laser Powder Bed Fusion ; defects ; process parameter ; powder bed fusion ; surface roughness ; porosity ; residual stress ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and is characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal excitability in the central nervous system. Despite the availability of thirty-six antiseizure medications, about one-third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to the pharmacological treatment and develop a so-called “pharmaco-resistant epilepsy” or “refractory epilepsy.” Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel, effective therapies based on novel mechanisms underlying neuronal excitability that leads to seizures. This reprint’s original research papers and review articles highlight unknown mechanisms underlying pharmaco-resistant resistant epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and seizure suppression.
    Keywords: 3CAI ; GRIA1 ; GRIA2 ; intractable epilepsy ; PICK1 ; protein kinase C ; pericytes ; mural cells ; cytokine ; blood-brain barrier ; neuroinflammation ; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 ; AKT ; cyclosporin A ; GluA1 ; GluR1 ; PDK1 ; refractory seizure ; temporal lobe epilepsy ; hippocampus ; 4-aminopyridine ; epilepsy model ; long-term potentiation ; AMPA receptor ; audiogenic epilepsy ; rodents ; fear reaction ; behavior genetics ; c-Fos ; early gene activation ; epileptogenesis ; lipopolysaccharide ; pentylenetetrazole ; post-traumatic epilepsy ; seizure susceptibility ; traumatic brain injury ; epilepsy ; ghrelin ; ghrelin receptor ; anxiety ; TRPV1 channels ; neuronal activity ; neuropsychiatric comorbidity ; immunofluorescence ; audiogenic kindling ; acoustically evoked seizures ; EACT ; generalized tonic-clonic seizures ; inherited epilepsy ; TMEM1A channels ; wild running seizures ; astrocyte ; ML365 ; pharmacoresistant epilepsy ; cortical atrophy ; hippocampal atrophy ; intracerebral electrode ; magnetic resonance imaging ; posttraumatic epilepsy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: The practical importance of economic valuation information can hardly be overstated. Coastal and marine resource policy planning and management benefit from complete information on the impact of policy decisions.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; internet survey ; open access ; contingent valuation method ; coastal management ; tourism ; Thailand ; marine ; wetlands ; harmful algae blooms ; environmental valuation ; quota ; cyanobacteria ; estuarine and coastal ecosystems ; wealth accounting ; seawater quality ; economic analysis ; remote sensing ; ecosystem restoration ; coastal ecosystems ; random utility model ; contingent behavior ; public policy ; habitat–fishery linkages ; Barbados ; coastal ecosystem services valuation ; fishery ; mangroves ; ecosystem services valuation ; coral reefs valuation ; recreational boating ; regulated open access ; non-market value ; economic valuation ; ecosystem services ; coastal ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This volume provides information and analyses to better grasp the social implications of geographical borders as well as the individuals who travel between them and those who live in border regions. Sociologists, anthropologists, philosophers, linguists, and scholars of international relations and public health are just some of the authors contributing to Rethinking Borders. The diversity in the authors’ disciplines and the topics they focus on exemplify the intricacies of borders and their manifold effects. This openness to so many schools of thought stands in contrast to the solidification of stricter borders across the globe. The contributions range from case studies of migrants’ sense of belonging and safety to theoretical discussions about migration and globalization, from empirical studies about immigrant practices and exclusionary laws to ethical concerns about the benefits of inclusion. It is timely that this collective work is published in the middle of a pandemic that has affected every single part of the world. Unprecedented border closures and stringent travel restrictions have not been enough to contain the virus entirely. As COVID-19 shows, diseases, ideas, and xenophobic and racist discourses know no borders. Plans that transcend borders are vital when dealing with global threats, such as climate change and pandemics.
    Keywords: distributive justice ; political legitimacy ; international legitimacy ; liberal theory of international relations ; immigration ; political self-determination ; territorial rights ; nationalism ; statism ; migration crisis ; ideal type ; refugees ; immigrants ; migration policy ; methodological nationalism ; nation-state ; state/anarchy model ; globalization ; epistemic ideals ; human mobility ; citizenship ; children in detention ; border policing ; illegalization ; neoliberalism ; USA ; Australia ; immigration detention ; care ; migration ; migration management ; nursing ; recruitment ; globalized labor markets ; Germany ; migration and crime ; human security ; border wall ; safest American city ; Latinos ; decolonisation ; SADC borders ; regional integration ; diversity ; superdiversity ; multiculture ; critical diversity studies ; racism ; discrimination ; diversity policies ; English name ; Chinese name ; Taiwan ; pragmalinguistics ; sociolinguistics ; naming practices ; identity ; nickname ; anti-immigration ; populism ; xenophobia ; globalists ; borders ; global health diplomacy (GHD) ; CARICOM ; public health ; health security ; epidemics ; Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ; non-communicable diseases (NCDs) ; peace ; foreign policy ; Caribbean ; border ; homelessness ; hard drug users ; self-inflicted violence ; body without organs ; group asylum ; sovereignty ; ethics of recognition ; ethics of care ; solidarity ; Axel Honneth ; Jürgen Habermas ; mental health ; point in time ; diagnosis ; border walls ; fences ; limited migration ; open borders ; free movement ; regionalism ; localism ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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  • 32
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: Silica and silicon-based nanostructures are now well-understood materials for which the technologies are mature. The most obvious applications, such as electronic devices, have been widely explored over the last two decades. The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together the state of the art in the field and to enable the emergence of new ideas and concepts for silicon and silica-based nanostructures.
    Keywords: maize ; NPK ; SiO2-NPs ; productivity ; fertilizer ; mineral ; weevils ; LC50 ; toxicity ; mesoporous silica ; nanomaterials ; desulfurization ; fuel ; JP-8 ; black silicon ; light absorption enhanced ; micro-nano manufacturing ; nanometer surface ; nano-silica ; tricalcium aluminate ; pozzolanic reaction ; C-A-S-H gel ; silicon nanoparticles ; silicon nanowires ; synthesis ; high energy density ; lithium-ion batteries ; high-capacity anode ; VLS ; laser pyrolysis ; size effect ; shape effect ; biomass rice husk ; silicon ; nanocrystals ; luminescence ; high porosity ; pH sensor ; temperature sensor ; dual sensor ; metal-assisted chemical etching ; Si nanostructures ; high aspect ratio ; zone plate ; silicon nanowire ; nanowire array ; silicon anode ; n-type silicon anode ; Li-ion battery ; nanowires ; nanonets ; transistor ; integration process ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 33
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This Special Issue provides a collection of recent research and reviews that investigate many areas of welfare assessment, such as novel approaches and technologies used to evaluate the welfare of farmed, captive, or wild animals. Research in this Special Issue includes welfare assessment related to pilot whales, finishing pigs, commercial turkey flocks, and dairy goats; the use of sensors or wearable technologies, such as heart rate monitors to assess sleep in dairy cows, ear tag sensors, and machine learning to assess commercial pig behaviour; non-invasive measures, such as video monitoring of behaviour, computer vision to analyse video footage of red foxes, remote camera traps of free-roaming wild horses, infrared thermography of effort and sport recovery in sport horses; telomere length and regulatory genes as novel biomarkers of stress in broiler chickens; the effect of environment on growth physiology and behaviour of laboratory rare minnows and housing system on anxiety, stress, fear, and immune function of laying hens; and discussions of natural behaviour in farm animal welfare and maintaining health, welfare, and productivity of commercial pig herds.
    Keywords: bioethics ; domestication ; genetic selection ; animal behavior ; animal welfare ; eye caruncle temperature ; Spanish Sport Horse ; performance test ; genetic lines ; heritability ; infrared thermography ; pigs ; welfare ; health ; herd management ; monitoring technologies ; animal husbandry ; welfare assessment ; wellbeing ; goat ; caprine ; dairy ; dairy cows ; heart rate ; sleep ; heart rate variability ; polysomnography ; animal-based welfare indicators ; camera traps ; wild horses ; precision swine farming ; ear tag pig sensor ; behavioral monitoring ; machine intelligence ; technology adoption ; broiler ; corticosterone ; performance ; telomeres ; telomere regulators ; stress biomarkers ; horse ; equine ; lying ; time budget ; locomotion ; geriatric ; orthopedic ; recumbency ; mixed commercial turkey flocks ; on-farm assessment ; YOLOv4 ; computer vision ; animal monitoring ; animal activity ; body posture ; rare minnow ; environmental enrichment ; growth ; physiology ; anxiety-like behavior ; enrichment ; hospitalization requirement ; lameness ; lesions ; tail biting ; attention bias ; conventional cage ; environmental complexity ; feather corticosterone ; IgA ; laying hen ; animal welfare assessment ; behaviour ; human intervention ; marine mammal ; cetacean ; management ; stranding ; wildlife ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The Special Issue aimed to bring together scientists working in various branches of control theory to discuss manufacturing control problems that include the following: enterprise control and digital ecosystem creation; the development of identification theory and methodology, and related mathematical problems; parameter, nonparametric, and structure identification and expert analysis; problems regarding selection and data analysis; control systems with an identifier; modeling in intelligent systems; simulation procedures and software; digital identification; reinforcement learning; quantum modeling; intelligent model predictive control; predictive cognitive issues; problems with software quality for complex systems; and global network resources for support processes of modeling and control.
    Keywords: decision-making ; psychic and behavioral components of activity ; action ; result of activity ; equilibrium stability ; consensus ; threshold behavior ; cognitive dissonance ; conformity ; informational control ; informational confrontation ; soft sensing ; multivariate filter ; reactive distillation ; optimal stochastic control ; path planning ; 2D random search ; interception ; external disturbances ; invariance ; block control principle ; decomposition ; high-gain factors ; sliding mode control ; sigmoid function ; Gramian method ; bilinear system process identification ; generalized Lyapunov equation ; knowledgebase ; associative search models ; wavelet analysis ; adaptive differential evolution ; evolutionary computing ; Hammerstein ; nonlinear system identification ; bilinear systems ; eigenmode decomposition ; spectral expansions ; Gramians ; observability ; controllability ; small-signal analysis ; numerical algorithm ; tokamak ; plasma equilibrium reconstruction ; linear plasma models ; identification ; state observer ; LMI ; least square technique ; deep neural network ; parametric uncertainty ; robust control ; super-stability ; regular form ; dynamic mode decomposition ; system identification ; Runge–Kutta method ; nonparametric model ; artificial neural network ; Izhikevich artificial neuron ; vestibular–ocular reflex ; control Lyapunov function ; Bayes criterion ; Haar wavelets ; loss function ; mean risk ; observable stochastic systems (OStS) ; stochastic process (StP) ; wavelet canonical expansion (WLCE) ; nonparametric identification ; dynamic system ; integral model ; Volterra equations ; smoothing cubic splines ; selection of the smoothing option ; modeling ; regularization ; inverse problems ; balanced identification ; error analysis ; one-dimensional heat equation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Radiopharmaceuticals are used in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, especially cancer. In general, radiopharmaceuticals are either salts of radionuclides or radionuclides bound to biologically active molecules, drugs, or cells. Tremendous progress has been made in discovering, developing, and commercializing numerous radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of cancer. Significant research is ongoing in academia and the pharmaceutical industry to develop more novel radiolabeled compounds as potential radiopharmaceuticals for unmet needs. This Special Issue aims to focus on all aspects of the design, characterization, evaluation, and development of novel radiolabeled compounds for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and the application of new radiochemistry and methodologies for the development of novel radiolabeled compounds. Outstanding contributions presented in this Special Issue will significantly add to the field of radiopharmaceuticals.
    Keywords: positron emission tomography (PET) ; pyrazoles ; fluorine-18 ; radionuclides ; PET probes ; imaging pharmaceuticals ; hypopharyngeal cancer ; 188Re-liposome ; repeated therapy ; NGS ; microRNA ; aprepitant ; radiopharmaceuticals ; neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist ; radionuclide chelators ; kidney uptake ; cleavable linkers ; neutral endopeptidase (NEP) ; renal brush border enzymes ; prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ; cancer imaging and therapy ; somatostatin analogs ; radiolabeling ; radionuclide therapy ; imaging ; adrenergic receptor ; positron emission tomography ; radiotracer ; cholecystokinin-2 receptor ; minigastrin ; molecular imaging ; targeted radiotherapy ; lutetium-177 ; EpCAM ; radionuclide ; SPECT ; iodine ; PIB ; breast ; cancer ; PET ; target-specific biomolecules ; immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals ; production processes ; 124I-labeled monoclonal antibodies ; radiotracers ; AAZTA ; scandium-44 ; FAP ; SA ; DPP ; PREP ; radioiodine labeling ; radioiodination ; biomolecules ; peptides ; proteins ; monoclonal antibodies ; 123,124,125,131I-labeled molecules and biomolecules ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: A collection of 18 scientific papers written in honor of Professor Karlheinz Schwarz's 80th birthday. The main topics include spectroscopy, excited states, DFT developments, results analysis, solid states, and surfaces.
    Keywords: density functional theory ; Coulomb systems ; excited states ; nodal variational principle ; DFT ; anatase TiO2(101) surface ; adsorption energy ; Bader charge ; helium atom ; screened Coulomb potential ; variational Monte Carlo method ; Lagrange mesh method ; comparison theorem ; TD-DFT ; MC-PDFT ; Lie–Clementi ; Colle–Salvetti ; OLEDs ; subphthalocyanines ; UV–visible spectra ; axial substituents ; peripheral substituents ; time-dependent DFT ; hexatetra-carbon ; electrical properties ; molecular aggregates ; singlet excitons ; triplet excitons ; TDDFT ; charge-transfer states ; charge-resonance states ; Frenkel states ; localized excitations ; diabatic states ; adiabatic states ; semiconductors ; oscillator strength ; hybrid exchange-correlation functional ; non-local potential ; statistics ; methods comparison ; benchmarking ; band gaps ; atomization energy ; DFT codes ; electronic structure calculation ; numerical accuracy and precision ; kinetic functional ; Yukawa potential ; periodic DFTB ; deMonNano ; graphene ; graphite ; benzene dimers ; deposited benzene ; supported clusters ; weighted mulliken charges ; LAPW method ; APW+lo method ; all-electron DFT ; density matrix functional embedding ; density-functional theory ; householder transformation ; He atomic basis sets ; helium dimer ; He2 potential well ; correlation energy ; complete basis set ; sigma basis set ; atomic multiplet theory ; crystal/ligand-field theory ; coordination compounds ; electronic structure ; Cu2OCl2 ; Cu2OBr2 ; Cu2OI2 ; oxyhalides ; magnetic couplings ; Néel temperature ; chemical pressure ; NMR ; machine learning ; zeolites ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This Special Issue collects original research articles discussing cutting-edge work as well as perspectives on future directions in the whole range of theoretical and practical aspects in these research areas: i) Theory of fuzzy systems and soft computing; ii) Learning procedures; iii) Decision-making applications employing fuzzy logic and soft computing.
    Keywords: fuzzy partition ; fuzzy transform ; new iterative method ; Cauchy problems ; ANFIS ; basmati rice ; image processing ; grading ; quality assessment ; fuzzy inference system ; causality ; statistics ; concept-mapping ; causal graph ; numerical methods ; systems of ordinary differential equations ; NIM ; fuzzy logics ; linear motion blur ; fuzzy deblurring ; electron beam calibration ; signal and image processing ; propagation modeling ; adaptive-network-based fuzzy system ; LoRa &amp ; LoRaWAN ; radio wave propagation ; artificial neural networks ; subtracting clustering ; dual double fuzzy semi-metric ; double fuzzy semi-metric ; fuzzy semi-metric space ; triangle inequality ; triangular norm ; eye gaze tracking ; interval type-2 fuzzy logic ; vision system ; mobile robots ; intelligent control ; ordered fuzzy number ; fuzzy relation ; preorder ; strict order ; equivalence relation ; variable neighborhood search ; experimental comparison ; statistical analysis ; traveling salesman problem ; soft computing ; modeling ; vector optimization ; methods of solution of vector problems ; optimal decision-making ; numerical realization of decision-making ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Ice crystals are the most ubiquitous material found in the cryosphere environment of the Earth, in the planetary system, and also in our daily lives. In recent years, ice crystals have increased in importance as one of the key materials for finding solutions to settle various environmental concerns at a global scale. Furthermore, ice crystals are unique materials which are potentially extremely useful in various applications, for example, within the food sciences, medical sciences, and other fields. In dealing with these interesting subjects, research on ice crystals has been more actively pursued in recent years. The Special Issue “Ice Crystals” presents a wide varieties of topics related to ice crystals. It can be considered as a status report reviewing the recent research on ice crystals and serves to provide readers with information on the latest developments concerning ice crystals.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; coarsening kinetics ; antifreeze protein ; microstructure ; ice crystals ; decomposition ; formation ; cryo-photo microscopy ; cryoprotective agent ; ice cream ; reformation ; tomography ; deformation ; clathrate hydrate ; Negative thermal expansivity ; tetrahydrofuran ; ice crystal ; pressure ; molecular dynamics ; Grüneisen parameter ; modelling ; ab initio calculation ; freezing ; nanoscale pores ; quasi-liquid layer ; electron paramagnetic resonance ; potential of mean force ; gas hydrate ; spin labeling ; pre-decomposition pressure ; mW model ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Thanks to their rich chemodiversity, marine natural products represent a unique source of new bioactive metabolites. As the new leading compounds in drug discovery and development, these molecules may represent challenges for the treatment of a number of human diseases, attracting the attention of many researchers during their chemical and biological studies. This Special Issue covers all fields of drugs research in which marine natural products are involved, including their isolation and characterization, biological activities, and medicinal applications as well as synthetic approaches and their related analogues. The cover picture shows “The Nudibranch mollusk Godiva quadricolor on a sponge, reflected under the surface during the low tide. Fusaro Lagoon, Bacoli (Naples)”.
    Keywords: alginate ; Sargassum duplicatum ; okra ; antioxidant ; diabetic ; wound healing ; sulfavant ; sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols ; sulfoglycolipids ; mass spectrometry ; UHPLC-MS ; lipids ; cancer therapy ; gold nanoparticles ; marine products ; natural products ; photosensitizer ; purpurin 18 ; reactive oxygen species ; seaweed ; biosilica ; diatom frustule ; sustainable production ; drug delivery ; Sargassum ilicifolium ; mangosteen rind ; diabetic mice ; Aquimarina sp. ; diketopiperazine ; N-phenethylacetamide ; epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) ; A549 cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies.
    Keywords: incremental pumps ; profiling of generating tools ; helical surfaces ; Romania ; coastal area ; wind energy ; measurements ; IEC classes ; wind turbines ; mass tourism ; management model ; Constanta ; PESTEL ; Black Sea ; sustainability ; eggplant peels ; bioactive compounds ; hydrogels ; anthocyanins ; beetroot peel ; betalains ; polyphenols ; CCD-RSM ; optimal control ; metaheuristic algorithms ; evolutionary algorithms ; simulation ; ventilation on ships ; HVAC requirements ; COVID-19 ; spread the disease ; airborne transmission ; HEPA filtration ; UV disinfection ; heat recovery ; L-tryptophan ; polypyrrole ; sensor ; amino acid ; cyclic voltammetry ; chronoamperometry ; atorvastatin ; carbon nanotubes ; gold nanoparticles ; Hippophae rhamnoides L. ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; antioxidant activity ; microencapsulation ; modulation ; electromagnetic disturbances ; electromagnetic compatibility ; military ship ; communication systems ; navigation conditions ; Danube River ; management tool ; quality function deployment ; house of quality ; enwrapping surfaces ; profiling ; geometrical methods ; tower ; wind turbine ; load ; offshore wind ; marine renewable energy ; living labs ; design thinking ; coastal zone ; integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) ; Romanian coastal zone ; Black Sea basin ; wind parameters ; historical data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: The recognition of the exceptional chemical and biological properties of vanadium compounds has led, in recent decades, to extensive research exploring their chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. Due to the prospective application of vanadium compounds as therapeutic agents against diseases such as diabetes, cancer and those provoked by parasites and bacteria, vanadium coordination chemistry and biochemistry has been an area of extensive research. Currently, the most promising potential uses of vanadium compounds are as nutritional supplements and as anticancer agents potentiated by immunotherapy. Nevertheless, researchers from all over the world are dedicating their efforts to vanadium research related to other potential therapeutic applications of vanadium compounds and to obtain insights into their beneficial effects on health and their modes of action. This Special Issue collected research contributions focused on recent advances in vanadium chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. I expect that this collection will have a great impact on the future direction of vanadium research.
    Keywords: polyoxometalates ; decavanadate ; cytotoxicity ; insulin-like activity ; diabetes therapy ; vanadium biochemistry ; vanadium speciation ; vanadium ; proteins ; DNA ; fluorescence ; binding constants ; mechanism of action ; oxidovanadium(V) ; vanadium Schiff base coordination complex ; low acute toxicity ; Oxidovanadium(V) ; Schiff base ; X-ray crystallography ; DNA interaction ; 2-aminopyrimidinium ; experimental and theoretical characterization ; DFT ; docking RNA/DNA ; vitamin E ; EPR ; tocopherol ; 51V NMR ; urethane ; aerosol delivery ; lung cancer ; apoptosis ; antineoplastic ; oxidovanadium(IV) phenantrholine chrysin ; vanadium cellular uptake ; anticancer ; albumin interaction ; glycosylated flavonoid ; oxidovanadium(IV) complex ; antitumoral ; antioxidant ; cell signaling ; cancer ; anticancer agents ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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  • 42
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book includes the 14 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): Applications in Economics and Finance” of the MDPI journal Mathematics, which encompasses a wide range of topics connected with the theory and applications of PLS-SEM methodology. These topics involve, among others, prediction of stock market investment intention, institutional quality and international competitiveness, governance paradigms and public innovation, information and communication technologies in the supply chain, influence of the ability to absorb information from the environment and proactivity on the company's results, quality management, effects of the corporate social responsibility on financial performance, resource management for the improvement of the healthcare system, and the application of maximum entropy bootstrapping to time series. It is expected that the book will prove worthwhile and helpful for those working in the area of PLS-SEM, regardless of the field of application (economics, finance, marketing, education or other). Applications of higher order constructs, mediating variables, multigroup analysis and the latest advances in applied methodology can all be found in this book.
    Keywords: self-consciousness ; e-commerce ; consumer behavior ; Technology Acceptance Model ; risk tolerance ; financial well-being ; financial literacy ; overconfidence bias ; herding behavior ; social interaction ; investment intention ; stock market participation ; institutional quality ; international competitiveness ; emerging economies ; PLS-SEM ; lean manufacturing ; quality management ; commercial performance ; wastes ; DIRFT ; luxury fashion goods ; status consumption ; status quo ; clothing innovativeness ; clothing involvement ; PLS-PM ; public service logic ; new public management ; innovation ; co-creation ; co-production ; Spain ; cognitive destination image ; cruise ; satisfaction ; loyalty ; behavioral intention ; structural equation modeling ; National Health Services ; health–disease status ; health system performance ; health system sustainability ; health policy ; healthcare quality ; partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) ; structural equation model ; information and communication technology ; ICT integration ; PLS-SEM bootstrapping ; PLS-SEM with time series ; marketing mix modeling ; maximum entropy bootstrapping ; proactivity ; absorptive capacity ; potential absorptive capacity ; realised absorptive capacity ; structural equation modelling ; video tutorials ; blended learning ; online learning ; financial mathematics ; COVID-19 ; autonomy ; effectiveness ; CO2 emissions ; ESDA ; China ; corporate social responsibility ; corporate performance ; human resources management ; customer satisfaction ; partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The management of wildlife populations and their habitats are interdisciplinary fields that encompass many scientific disciplines that also impact the lives of people. Therefore, these are truly applied sciences where human dimensions play an important role.This book highlights the importance of conducting rigorous studies to design and implement the effective management and restoration of wild populations and their habitats. A new paradigm in conservation is developing that goes beyond the boundaries of protected areas to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The 16 papers in this book, including reviews and a project report, cover a broad range of topics, exploring a diversity of subjects that are representative of current practices and novel applications.We would like to thank both the MDPI publishers and editorial staff for their support and help during the process of editing this book, in addition to the authors for their contributions.
    Keywords: road safety ; roadkill ; clustering ; growth rate ; traffic intensity ; mitigation measures ; roadkill analysis ; movement patterns ; habitat characterisation ; multiple criteria ; multi-objective ranking ; environmental awareness ; machine learning ; random forest model ; structural equation modelling ; latent class analysis ; visitor mapping ; social–ecological systems ; cultural rural landscape ; protected areas ; rewilding ; rural socioeconomics ; forest expansion ; rural to urban land conversion ; biocultural heritage ; biodiversity ; naturalness ; land-cover change ; habitat quality ; InVEST ; ecosystem-based approach and assessment ; nature-based solution ; decision-making support ; national park management ; wildlife protection ; biodiversity conservation ; policy framework ; policy formulation ; China ; agricultural management ; amphibians ; beta diversity ; community ecology ; metacommunities ; constructed wetlands ; bats ; urban ecology ; long-term monitoring ; acoustics ; city parks ; community dynamics ; conservation evaluation ; at-risk species ; golden-winged warbler ; landowner incentives ; New England cottontail ; Natural Resources Conservation Service ; U.S. Department of Agriculture ; Working Lands for Wildlife ; camera-trapping ; conservation puma ; relative integrated anthropization index ; INRA ; South American grey fox ; habitat adaptability ; habitat model ; habitat selection ; habitat suitability ; use versus availability ; Maxent ; presence points ; GPS radio-collars ; anthropogenic variables ; species distribution models ; Spermophilus citellus ; maximum entropy modeling ; species distribution modeling ; climate change refugia ; urodela ; salamandridae ; caudata ; biosphere reserve ; habitat restoration ; species management ; life project ; activity patterns ; Lepus granatensis ; population decline ; niche ; Oryctolagus cuniculus ; roadside census ; predator–prey relationships ; spatio-temporal behavior ; abundance ; distance sampling ; population density ; R package ; wildlife survey ; uncertainty ; occupancy modeling ; road ecology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes 16 original articles published in a Special Issue that focuses on the pathological significance of amyloid-β in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, the main cause of dementia. Collections in this reprint provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of repositioning drugs and new agents for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of innovative strategies for the prevention and treatment of such diseases.
    Keywords: activation phenotypes ; microglia ; neuroinflammation ; immunohistochemistry ; temporal cortex ; Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid ; amyloid β-protein (Aβ) ; mAb158 ; oligomers ; protofibrils ; amyloid aggregation ; supported lipid bilayers ; time-lapse AFM ; molecular dynamics simulation ; alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid β ; bryostatin-1 ; ECE1 ; iPS ; nELAV ; neurotoxicity ; oligomer ; protein kinase C ; α-secretase ; APP mutation ; recessive inheritance ; familial Alzheimer’s disease ; Aβ oligomers ; amyloid imaging ; microbiota ; bacterial amyloid ; FUBA ; curli ; CsgA ; amyloid beta ; oxidative stress ; supplement ; phosphodiesterase III inhibitor ; cerebral micro-hemorrhage(s) ; cerebral amyloid angiopathy ; amyloid-β protein ; transgenic mice ; NMR ; CD ; Aβ ; β-amyloid peptide ; α/β-discordant ; Dutch-type mutation ; E22Q ; FAD ; Amyloid β ; Polyphenol ; Pro-oxidant ; Alzheimer’s Disease ; molecular imaging ; amyloid β-peptides ; islet amyloid polypeptide ; high-speed atomic force microscopy ; amyloid PET ; tau PET ; amyloid precursor protein ; mutation ; cerebellum ; PBB3 ; PiB ; axon ; traditional medicines ; Polygalae Radix ; diosgenin ; naringenin ; kihito ; amyloid-β ; antimicrobial ; antiviral ; antimicrobial peptide ; neurodegenerative disease ; misfolding ; fluorescence microscopy ; FRET ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Copper-based catalysts possess important applications in diverse reactions and have received considerable attention from material and catalysis researchers. A great challenge in this field is the facile synthesis of copper-based catalysts with enhanced catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability. This Special Issue of Catalysts, entitled “Synthesis and Applications of Copper-based Catalysts”, presents state-of-the-art synthetic strategies for copper-based catalysts, as well as information on their structure and catalytic use in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, which is helpful for developing novel high-efficiency Cu-based catalysts and synthetic methodology, and for exploring their new catalytic applications.
    Keywords: metal-organic frameworks ; Cu2O ; styrene oxidation ; H2O2 ; base free ; low-temperature ; CO-SCR ; Cu-Mn oxide spinels ; Cu/Cu3P nanoarrays ; Cu nano-substrates ; electrocatalyst ; HER ; ceria ; hydride ; CO2 hydrogenation ; single Cu doping ; density functional theory ; Cu-based catalysts ; CO + NO ; catalytic performances ; O2 resistance ; H2O and SO2 resistance ; adsorption ; dissociation ; density-functional theory calculations ; Cu-skin Cu3Au(111) surface ; CO catalytic oxidation ; CO preferential oxidation ; template ; CTAB ; mixed oxides ; copper oxides ; tin oxides ; BCN/graphene composite ; CVD ; anti-corrosion ; organocopper reagents ; Cu catalysts ; 1,4-conjugate addition ; sulfur heterocycles ; thiochromone ; thioflavanones ; 2-alkylthiochroman-4-ones ; copper ; catalysis ; amination ; amines ; polyamines ; aryl halides ; adamantane ; nanoparticles ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The extraction and exploration of cellulose-based polymers is an exciting area of research. For many years, wood (especially from bleached kraft wood pulp) was considered the main source of cellulosic compounds because of its abundance in nature. However, in the past decade, researchers have been devoted to finding alternatives to extract cellulose from byproducts of agricultural crops and/or textile wastes, which are both highly available at a very reduced raw material cost. This book brings together original research that details the recent progresses and new developments in this field, and how this research is contributing to a circular economy.
    Keywords: citrus sinensis ; nano-fibrillated cellulose ; silver nanoparticles ; acid hydrolysis ; heavy metal sorption ; anaerobic digestion ; biofuel ; biomass ; cotton-based waste ; closed-loop ; lignocellulose ; textile waste ; cellulose nanofibre ; green materials ; biopolymers ; environmental ; recycled newspaper ; composite laminates ; water resistance ; high strength ; cotton wastes ; textile ; nanomaterials ; cellulose nanocrystal ; extraction methods ; environmental application ; regenerated cellulose fiber ; Au NP ; controllably assembled ; SERS ; dimetridazole ; cellulose hydrogel ; thermo-responsive ; sustained release ; silver sulfadiazine ; burn wound ; polymer ; carpet fiber ; direct analysis in real time ; time of flight ; mass spectrometry ; function switching ; oleamide ; cellulose nanofibers isolation ; carpet wastes ; supercritical carbon dioxide ; enhanced properties ; recovery of cellulose ; textile fibers ; eco-efficiency ; circular economy ; textile industry ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue, “Plant Oxidative Stress: Biology, Physiology, and Mitigation”, published 11 original research works and 1 review article that discussed the various aspects of ROS Biology, metabolism, and the physiological mechanisms and approaches to mitigating oxidative stress. These types of research studies show further directions for the development of crop plants that are tolerant to abiotic stress in the era of climate change.
    Keywords: heat stress ; grafting ; cucumber ; bitter-melon rootstock ; polyamines ; photosynthesis ; salicylic acid ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; excess boron ; lipid peroxidation ; enzymatic antioxidant ; glutathione ; proline ; stomatal conductance ; arsenic stress ; soybean ; growth ; antioxidant enzymes ; ascorbate–glutathione cycle ; glyoxalase system ; altitudinal variation ; antioxidant activity ; bioactive compounds ; endemic species ; oxidative damage ; sequential application of antioxidants ; salinity ; Cucumis sativus ; photosynthetic efficiency ; antioxidant defense systems ; antioxidants ; cadmium ; oxidative stress ; peptone ; spinach ; alpha-tocopherol ; foliar spray ; okra varieties ; salt ; drought ; plants ; ROS ; genomics ; approaches ; integration ; abiotic stress ; antioxidant defense ; phytohormones ; pulse crop ; water deficit ; AsA-GSH pathway ; methylglyoxal ; micronutrient ; osmoregulation ; reactive oxygen species ; trace elements ; Olea europaea L. ; selenium biofortification ; olive pollen ; cytosolic Ca2+ ; Cucurbita pepo (L.) ; mineral uptake ; nucleic acids ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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  • 48
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: This reprint describes recent advances made in the field of antifungal development, especially the discovery of new drugs and drug repurposing. The articles presented in this book provide useful information and insight for the development of new antifungal drugs or intervention strategies. The identification of new, safe molecules, and cellular targets, as well as the elucidation of their antifungal mechanisms of action, will further the effective control of fungal pathogens, especially those resistant to current therapeutic agents.
    Keywords: nanoparticles ; fungi ; drug delivery systems ; marine ; biological synthesis ; myconanotechnology ; canesten ; clotrimazole ; vulvovaginal ; vaginitis ; mycosis ; candidosis ; yeast infection ; candida ; candida albicans ; vaginal health ; anticandidal activity ; indazole ; pyrazole ; 3-phenyl-1H-indazole ; drug design ; acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) ; capsule ; CAP64 ; Cryptococcus ; membrane potential (ΔΨM) ; photodynamic treatment ; photosensitiser ; ultrastructure ; drug repurposing ; antifungals ; repositioning ; yeasts ; emerging fungi ; multidrug resistance ; therapeutic alternatives ; new targets ; Candida auris ; Aspergillus spp. ; antifungal ; beta-glucan ; polycations ; Galleria mellonella model ; retinoids ; Candida spp. ; onychomycosis ; Malassezia spp. ; dermatophytes ; microbiology ; mycology ; all-trans retinoic acid ; Acanthamoeba ; free-living ameba ; Acanthamoeba keratitis ; isavuconazonium sulfate ; cyst ; drug ; drug discovery ; drug targets ; invasive aspergillosis treatment ; invasive fungal infections ; fission yeast ; cell wall ; β(1,3)-D-glucan synthase ; antifungal drugs ; echinocandin drugs ; echinocandin resistance ; Fks resistance hot spots ; cytokinesis ; septation ; cell separation ; cell integrity ; cell lysis ; sporotrichosis ; Felis catus ; quinones ; hydrazones ; zoonoses ; host-directed drug therapy ; azoles ; polyenes ; echinocandins ; viral infections ; azole ; synergy ; resistance ; Candida ; natural products ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 49
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on recent aspects of gravitational theory and cosmology. It contains subjects of particular interest for modified gravity theories and applications to cosmology, special attention is given to Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet, f(R)-gravity, anisotropic inflation, extra dimension theories of gravity, black holes, dark energy, Palatini gravity, anisotropic spacetime, Einstein–Finsler gravity, off-diagonal cosmological solutions, Hawking-temperature and scalar-tensor-vector theories.
    Keywords: Gauss–Bonnet ; innermost stable circular orbits ; spinning test particle ; Einstein-Maxwell-scalar black holes ; modified gravity theory ; Hawking-Page phase transition ; regular black hole ; Minkowski core ; Lambert W function ; black hole mimic ; modified and massive gravity ; two measure theories ; Einstein and Finsler gravity ; off-diagonal cosmological solutions ; nonholonomic dynamical Weyl-scale symmetry breaking ; (anisotropic) inflation ; dark energy ; reconstructing procedure ; Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity ; nonlinear electrodynamics ; hawking temperature ; entropy ; heat capacity ; black hole shadow ; energy emission rate ; quasinormal modes ; cosmology ; torsion ; multifield cosmology ; anisotropic spacetimes ; Kantowski–Sachs ; anisotropic inflation ; galactic rotation ; nonspherical gravitational sources ; modified gravity ; cosmology:theory ; large-scale structure of universe ; gravitation ; fractional-dimension gravity ; dark matter ; cosmological dynamics ; Weyl integrable theory ; scalar field ; interaction ; Painlevé–Gullstrand metrics ; Lense–Thirring metric ; Killing tensor ; Killing–Yano tensor ; separability ; Carter constant ; geodesic integrability ; isometric embeddings ; symmetrical surfaces ; free embedding ; unfolded embedding ; Regge–Teitelboim gravity ; embedding theory ; black hole ; magnetic field ; chaos ; symplectic integrator ; non-linear symmetry realization ; conformal symmetry ; Ricci-based gravity ; Palatini gravity ; exoplanets ; planet’s interior ; electromagnetic ; covariant ; field ; constraints ; curved space ; alternative theories of gravity ; supermassive black hole ; stellar dynamics ; variation of constants ; inflation ; f(R)-gravity ; k-inflation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Emergent quantum mechanics explores the possibility of an ontology for quantum mechanics. The resurgence of interest in ""deeper-level"" theories for quantum phenomena challenges the standard, textbook interpretation. The book presents expert views that critically evaluate the significance—for 21st century physics—of ontological quantum mechanics, an approach that David Bohm helped pioneer. The possibility of a deterministic quantum theory was first introduced with the original de Broglie-Bohm theory, which has also been developed as Bohmian mechanics. The wide range of perspectives that were contributed to this book on the occasion of David Bohm’s centennial celebration provide ample evidence for the physical consistency of ontological quantum mechanics. The book addresses deeper-level questions such as the following: Is reality intrinsically random or fundamentally interconnected? Is the universe local or nonlocal? Might a radically new conception of reality include a form of quantum causality or quantum ontology? What is the role of the experimenter agent? As the book demonstrates, the advancement of ‘quantum ontology’—as a scientific concept—marks a clear break with classical reality. The search for quantum reality entails unconventional causal structures and non-classical ontology, which can be fully consistent with the known record of quantum observations in the laboratory.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; non-locality ; ultraviolet divergence ; constraints ; Kilmister equation ; bohmian mechanics ; epistemic agent ; Bohmian mechanics ; relational space ; Feynman paths ; Langevin equation ; quantum causality ; emergent quantum gravity ; quantum ontology ; interpretations ; emergent quantum state ; undecidable dynamics ; molecule interference ; emergent quantum mechanics ; no-hidden-variables theorems ; mind–body problem ; physical ontology ; quantum foundations ; matter-wave optics ; conscious agent ; diffusion constant ; Bell theorem ; Burgers equation ; objective non-signaling constraint ; self-referential dynamics ; Bell inequality ; interpretation ; photochemistry ; Born rule statistics ; sub-quantum dynamics ; dynamical chaos ; weak measurement ; p-adic metric ; Levi-Civita connection ; David Bohm ; H-theorem ; the causal arrow of time ; strong coupling ; vortical dynamics ; fundamental irreversibility ; magnetic deflectometry ; quantum thermodynamics ; de Broglie–Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics ; wavefunction nodes ; stochastic quantum dynamics ; entropic gravity ; metrology ; Schrödinger equation ; gauge freedom ; Monte Carlo simulations ; micro-constituents ; nonequilibrium thermodynamics ; Bell’s theorem ; emergent space-time ; spin ; quantum field theory ; time-symmetry ; Gaussian-like solutions ; Hamiltonian ; number theory ; fractional velocity ; ergodicity ; fractal geometry ; atomic metastable states ; operator thermodynamic functions ; Canonical Presentation ; Retrocausation ; interpretations of quantum mechanics ; Bohm theory ; quantum mechanics ; zero-point field ; conspiracy ; pilot wave ; quantum holism ; toy-models ; curvature tensor ; Aharonov–Bohm effect ; computational irreducibility ; Stochastic Electrodynamics ; diffraction ; retrocausality ; resonances in quantum systems ; stochastic differential equations ; Bianchi identity ; past of the photon ; commutator ; relational interpretation of quantum mechanics ; free will ; nomology ; trajectories ; primitive ontology ; Mach–Zehnder interferometer ; weak values ; singular limit ; interior-boundary condition ; Poincaré recurrence ; quantum inaccessibility ; symplectic camel ; surrealistic trajectories ; observables ; Stern-Gerlach ; decoherence ; quantum non-equilibrium ; generalized Lagrangian paths ; superdeterminism ; black hole thermodynamics ; nonlocality ; measurement problem ; entropy and time evolution ; bouncing oil droplets ; spontaneous state reduction ; quantum theory ; many interacting worlds ; complex entropy. ; Turing incomputability ; iterant ; space-time fluctuations ; quantum potential ; ontological quantum mechanics ; photon trajectory ; Dove prism ; the Friedrichs model ; contextuality ; discrete calculus ; transition probability amplitude ; gravity ; pilot-wave theory ; matter-waves ; de Broglie-Bohm theory ; covariant quantum gravity ; atom-surface scattering ; de Broglie–Bohm theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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  • 51
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue of Entropy, titled “Recent Advances in Single-Particle Tracking: Experiment and Analysis”, contains a collection of 13 papers concerning different aspects of single-particle tracking, a popular experimental technique that has deeply penetrated molecular biology and statistical and chemical physics. Presenting original research, yet written in an accessible style, this collection will be useful for both newcomers to the field and more experienced researchers looking for some reference. Several papers are written by authorities in the field, and the topics cover aspects of experimental setups, analytical methods of tracking data analysis, a machine learning approach to data and, finally, some more general issues related to diffusion.
    Keywords: diauxic growth ; replicator equation ; mesoscopic model ; integro-differential equations ; anomalous diffusion ; statistical analysis ; single-particle tracking ; trajectory classification ; fractional Brownian motion ; estimation ; autocovariance function ; neural network ; Monte Carlo simulations ; multifractional Brownian motion ; power of the statistical test ; machine learning classification ; feature engineering ; confinement ; information theory ; Brownian particle ; stochastic thermodynamics ; CTRW ; diffusing-diffusivity ; occupation time statistics ; wound healing dynamics ; single pseudo-particle tracking ; phase contrast image segmentation ; 3D single-particle tracking ; Fisher information ; non-uniform illumination ; SPT ; deep learning ; residual neural networks ; random walk ; heterogeneous ; endosomes ; single particle trajectory ; stochastic processes ; trapping ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 52
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, specially those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is now a common problem being defined as one of three priorities for the safeguarding of One Health by the Tripartite Alliance, which includes the World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Office International des Epizooties (OIE). Bacteria resistance profiles, together with the expression of specific virulence markers, have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. These bacterial traits are interconnected, since not only the presence of antibiotics may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and consequently infection pathogenesis, but some virulence factors may also contribute to an increased bacterial resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential for decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine. However, the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains has not been consider until recently. This Special Issue aims to publish manuscripts that contribute to the understanding of the impact of bacterial antimicrobial resistance and virulence in the three areas of the One Health triad–i.e., animal, human and environmental health.
    Keywords: MRSA ; EMRSA-15 ; MLSB ; bacteremia ; bloodstream infections ; antibiotic resistance ; aquatic contamination ; probabilistic sampling ; San Francisco Estuary ; coast ; Pseudomonas ; Shewanella algae ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; biocide ; Listeria monocytogenes ; biofilm ; planktonic culture ; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; Escherichia coli ; fosfomycin ; nitrofurantoin ; antimicrobial resistance ; antibiotic susceptibility ; WGS ; phylogenetic analysis ; DNA mismatch repair system ; Salmonella Choleraesuis ; Iberian pig ; wild boar ; phylogenetic relationship ; plasmid replicon typing ; colistin ; carcass ; cfr gene ; fexA gene ; linezolid ; mutation ; pig ; public health ; S. aureus ; avian colibacillosis ; salmonellosis ; MDR ; tetA ; nisin ; mutant prevention concentration ; mutant selection window ; antimicrobial susceptibility testing ; horizontal gene transfer ; Salmonella ; reptiles ; isolation ; biofilms ; chlorhexidine gluconate ; wounds ; Gram-negative bacteria ; colonization ; infection ; clonal lineages ; resistance genes ; virulence factors ; Staphylococcus aureus ; skin and soft-tissue infections ; plasmids ; Panton–Valentine leucocidin ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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  • 53
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: The book continues with an experimental analysis conducted to obtain accurate and complete information about electric vehicles in different traffic situations and road conditions. For the experimental analysis in this study, three different electric vehicles from the Edinburgh College leasing program were equipped and tracked to obtain over 50 GPS and energy consumption data for short distance journeys in the Edinburgh area and long-range tests between Edinburgh and Bristol. In the following section, an adaptive and robust square root cubature Kalman filter based on variational Bayesian approximation and Huber’s M-estimation is proposed to accurately estimate state of charge (SOC), which is vital for safe operation and efficient management of lithium-ion batteries. A coupled-inductor DC-DC converter with a high voltage gain is proposed in the following section to match the voltage of a fuel cell stack to a DC link bus. Finally, the book presents a review of the different approaches that have been proposed by various authors to mitigate the impact of electric buses and electric taxis on the future smart grid.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; adaptive ; electric vehicle ; state of charge (SOC) ; high voltage gain ; lithium-ion battery ; climate change ; ssustainable transport ; driving cycle ; smart grid ; robust ; battery powered vehicle ; Huber’s M-estimation ; electric taxi ; public transportation ; sustainable development ; DC-DC converter ; square root cubature Kalman filter (SRCKF) ; coupled inductor ; fuel cell vehicles ; charging approaches ; ripple minimization current ; variational Bayesian approximation ; electric propulsion ; electric bus ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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  • 54
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The 1st International Electronic Conference on Chemical Sensors and Analytical Chemistry was held on 1–15 July 2021. The scope of this online conference was to gather experts that are well-known worldwide who are currently working in chemical sensor technologies and to provide an online forum for the presention and discussion of new results. Throughout this event, topics of interest included, but were not limited to, the following: electrochemical devices and sensors; optical chemical sensors; mass-sensitive sensors; materials for chemical sensing; nano- and micro-technologies for sensing; chemical assays and validation; chemical sensor applications; analytical methods; gas sensors and apparatuses; electronic noses; electronic tongues; microfluidic devices; lab-on-a-chip; single-molecule sensing; nanosensors; and medico-diagnostic testing.
    Keywords: electrochemical sensors ; carbon nanotubes ; electropolymerization ; gallic acid ; ellagic acid ; syringaldehyde ; vanillin ; cognac and brandy carbon dots ; pH sensing ; active surface preservation ; nanosensor ; fluorescence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 55
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The plant kingdom, with its terrestrial and marine natural products, has been widely explored. Plant-based products have long been used to prevent and treat various ailments. Many natural compounds have been reported to have a variety of interesting and significant biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic, antidiabetic, anti-atherogenic, and antiproliferative, as well as cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties. Therefore, researchers pay special attention to the bioactive compounds synthesized by plants. Opportunities in functional ingredients and treatment of NCDs (oxidative stress, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.) are widely explored. However, many therapeutic properties of plants are still to be discovered. This Special Issue reprint intends to substantially contribute to our knowledge of their beneficial properties. Natural products could be a vast resource in respect of human well-being improvement. This Special Issue reprint also aims to disseminate some of the most recent and significant contributions in natural product research on phytochemicals and biological activity.
    Keywords: Sempervivum tectorum L. ; mineral content ; bioavailable fraction ; heavy metals ; open-field plants ; tissue culture plants ; in vitro callus culture ; Rubus subg. Rubus Watson ; Vaccinium corymbosum L. ; phenolics ; radical scavenging activities ; ferric reducing power ; waste peel ; essential oil ; GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; antimicrobial activity ; chemical composition ; antioxidant activity ; fluorescence ; total phenolic content ; Aspergillus flavus ; maize ; peel extracts ; AFB1 ; qRT-PCR ; Opuntia spp. ; phytochemicals ; biological activities ; antioxidant capacity ; chemopreventive effect ; integrated pest management ; Oriental fruit fly ; pomology ; post-harvest disease control ; Sambucus nigra L. ; medicinal plants ; flavonoids ; phenols ; carbohydrates ; amino acids ; Flos Abelmoschus manihot ; medicinal part ; non-medicinal parts ; UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS ; metabolite profiling ; multivariate statistical analysis ; juniper ; natural products ; tree ; leaves ; disease ; bioactive compounds ; microbial resistance ; turmeric ; Curcuma aromatica ; Curcuma caesia ; Curcuma longa ; Curcuma zanthorrhiza ; enantiomeric distribution ; chiral ; cultivars ; foliar sprays ; Humulus lupulus ; liming ; phenolic compounds ; plant vigour ; polyphenols ; antimicrobial activity enhancement ; ascorbic acid ; Maillard reaction products ; laccase–mediator system ; horseradish peroxidase–H2O2 system ; tomato pomace ; by-product utilization ; finger millet ; gluten-free ; potato flour ; convenience food ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 56
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint compiles several studies on radiation interactions with biomolecules. The fragmentation induced by slow electron and electron scattering processes are described, and the induced processes by UV radiation are characterised. The present Special Issue offers complementary studies on radiation induced by photons and electrons in biological (and related) target molecules. The present collection provides important insights on radiation physics and chemistry and the advances in knowledge in these areas.
    Keywords: methane ; cross-section ; elastic scattering ; electrons ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; DNA cleavage ; ECD ; spectroscopy ; guide RNA ; RNP complex ; SpCas9 ; radiosensitizer ; low-energy electron ; dissociative electron attachment ; roaming ; tirapazamine ; predissociation ; electron scattering cross sections ; benzene ionization ; VUV photoabsorption ; halopyrimidines ; valence and Rydberg states ; time-dependent density functional theory ; radiosensitizers ; taurine ; elastic constant ; Brillouin scattering ; acoustic mode ; negative ions ; oxaloacetic acid ; citric acid ; mass spectrometry ; anticancer drugs ; cisplatin ; platinum (II) halo-carbonyl complexes ; low-energy electrons ; dissociative ionization ; focused electron beam induced deposition ; sevoflurane ; pheomelanin ; nitrotyrosine ; dityrosine ; photooxidation ; photosensitizer ; IR radiation ; horseradish peroxidase ; catalase ; alkaline phosphatase ; antioxidant ; vapor ; coherent domain ; anion–molecule collisions ; electron detachment cross sections ; positive ion-induced fragmentation ; molecular dynamics ; radiotherapy ; X-ray ; modified nucleosides ; DNA damage ; hypoxia ; chemoradiation ; low-energy electron interaction ; perfluorination ; HF formation ; pentafluorothiophenol ; 2-fluorothiophenol ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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  • 57
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint reports on new advances in basic and applied research of soil pollution and remediation. A list of contaminants are targeted, including toxic metal(loid)s (e.g., Pb, As, Sb, and multi-metals), organic contaminants (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, phenanthrene, and petroleum), and antibiotics (e.g., sulfadiazine). The occurrence, environmental behaviors, and risks of these contaminants are explored. Special attention is devoted to techniques for the remediation of polluted soils, such as stabilization/solidification, photocatalytic degradation, and thermal desorption. This reprint provides new insights into soil pollution and remediation.
    Keywords: miyun reservoir ; pollution assessment ; binary mixing model ; source appointment ; illegal use ; non-point source pollution ; agricultural use ; veterinary use ; Three Gorges ; sulfadiazine ; Cu2+ co-existence ; paddy soils ; adsorption ; soil properties ; β-CD modified BC ; stabilization/solidification ; response surface methodology ; synchronous adsorption investigations ; PHe ; primary explosives site ; heavy metal contamination ; antimony ; co-occurring metal ; Fe–Al-based amendment ; immobilization ; heavy metals ; input flux ; source ; management ; garland chrysanthemum ; lettuce ; antioxidant defense enzymes ; GSH ; PCs ; comprehensive evaluation method ; contaminated soil ; ex situ thermal desorption ; environmental impact ; resource utilization ; low-molecular-weight organic acid salts ; phosphate ; arsenic-contaminated soil ; microorganisms ; nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) ; biochar ; photocatalysis ; synergy ; TPH ; soil ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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  • 58
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Rising pollution, climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels are leading many countries to focus on renewable-based energy conversion systems. In particular, recently introduced energy policies are giving high priority to increasing the use of renewable energy sources, the improvement of energy systems’ security, the minimization of greenhouse gas effect, and social and economic cohesion. Renewable energies’ availability varies during the day and the seasons and so their use must be accurately predicted in conjunction with the management strategies based on load shifting and energy storage. Thus, in order to reduce the criticalities of this uncertainty, the exploitation of more flexible and stable renewable energies, such as the geothermal one, is necessary. Geothermal energy is an abundant renewable source with significant potential in direct use applications, such as in district heating systems, in indirect use ones to produce electricity, and in cogeneration and polygeneration systems for the combined production of power, heating, and cooling energy. This Special Issue includes geothermal energy utilization and the technologies used for its exploitation considering both the direct and indirect use applications.
    Keywords: geothermal power production ; abandoned oil reservoirs ; in situ combustion ; organic Rankine cycle (ORC) ; plunger pump ; centrifugal pump ; pressure drop ; temperature utilization rate ; system generating efficiency ; carbonate geothermal reservoirs ; sustainable geothermal energy exploitation ; southern Italy ; numerical simulation ; dual-loop ORC ; mixture working fluids ; entropy generation ; entransy loss ; exergy loss ; Ground source heat pump ; oval cross-section ; groundwater ; borehole heat exchanger ; CFD ; Sandtank ; granite ; physical characteristics ; cyclic ; thermal treatment ; water cooling ; hybrid renewable polygeneration plant ; micro organic Rankine cycle ; evacuated solar thermal collectors ; photovoltaic panels ; plastic heat exchanger ; Organic Rankine Cycle ; geothermal energy ; shell and tube heat exchanger ; fouling resistance ; mobile thermal energy storage (M-TES) ; phase change material (PCM) ; LCOH ; heat transport ; renewable energy source ; household hybrid system ; dynamic simulation ; economic analysis ; TRNSYS software ; heating and cooling network ; polygeneration system ; geothermal energy community ; ORC ; energy district ; heat pump ; R1234ze ; CO2 ; geothermal ; renewable energy ; historic building ; energy saving ; earth-to-air ; horizontal pipe ; 2D model ; air conditioning ; renewable energy sources ; thermal performances ; energy efficiency ; parametric study ; geothermal resource ; Monte Carlo simulation ; assessment ; thermal reservoir ; North Jiangsu Basin ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 59
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint contains 14 articles on various aspects of many-body physics. Most of the articles are devoted to different phenomena in Bose–Einstein condensate (M.R. Pathak and A. Nath; M.H. Figlioli Donato and S.R. Muniz ; B. Halder with coauthors; O.E. Alon).L. Madeira and V.S. Bagnato discuss the route of an out-of-equilibrium system to its thermalized state. M.R. Singh discusses the many-body interactions in plasmonic nanohybrids. M. Pudlak and R. Nazmitdinov analyze electron transport through a one-dimensional quantum ring, subject to Rashba spin–orbit interaction in the presence of external fields. R. Friedberg and J.T. Manassah report computer investigations on the duration memory for storage for an isolated atom. M.C. Pagnacco with coauthors describe the crazy-clock phenomenon. V.I. Yukalov and E.P. Yukalova consider materials with nanoscale phase separation. E.M. Anitas investigates materials with fractal-like geometry. L. Madeira with coauthors address the topic of quantum turbulence. K. Ziegler discusses how the employment of the diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix can be used to probe closed quantum systems that are measured at random times. L. Salasnich analyzes the collective dynamics of electrons in graphene positioned between the two slabs.
    Keywords: plasmonics ; nano-optics ; dipole-dipole interaction ; density matrix method ; dressed states ; Kerr effect ; quantum dots ; metallic nanoparticles ; graphene ; quantum many-body theory ; acoustic plasmons ; Bose-Einstein condensates ; infinite-particle-number limit ; many-body theory ; mean-field theory ; position variance ; momentum variance ; angular-momentum variance ; solvable models ; harmonic-interaction model ; anisotropy ; dynamics of closed quantum systems ; random probing ; separation of time scales ; Hilbert-space localization ; quantum turbulence ; Bose-Einstein condensate ; out-of-equilibrium ; small-angle scattering ; fractional Brownian surfaces ; fractal dimension ; Hurst exponent ; spectral exponent ; nanoscale phase separation ; quasi-equilibrium system ; heterophase mixture ; zeroth-order transition ; nucleation point ; four-color optical lattice ; soliton ; crazy clock ; Briggs–Rauscher reaction ; state I to state II transition ; symmetry breaking ; iodine ; K-means analysis ; random number generator ; non-thermal fixed points ; out-of-equilibrium system ; Bose–Einstein condensate ; turbulence ; Josephson effect ; spinor BEC ; toroidal superfluid ; quantum droplets ; multi-color periodic confinement ; Rashba spin–orbit interaction ; semiconductor quantum ring ; Floquet theory ; light–matter coupling ; magnetic field ; bit retrieval ; long-time memory ; Nyxion ; continuous pump ; coalescence ; Aurora ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are two phytohormones that regulate, in an antagonistic way, plant growth as well as several developmental processes from seed maturation and germination to flowering time, through hypocotyl elongation and root growth. In general, ABA and GA inhibit and promote, respectively, cell elongation and growth. Consequently, this mutual antagonism between GA and ABA governs many developmental decisions in plants.In addition to its role as a growth and development modulator, ABA is primarily known for being a major player in the response and adaptation of plants to diverse abiotic stress conditions, including cold, heat, drought, salinity or flooding. Remarkably, different works have also recently pointed to a function for GA in the control of some biological processes in response to stress.The selection of research and review papers of this book, mostly focused on ABA, covers a wide range of topics related to the most recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of ABA and GA functions in plants.
    Keywords: Picea wilsonii ; transcription factor ; PwNAC11 ; drought stress ; ABA signaling ; Arabidopsis ; GA signaling ; AGB1 ; MYB62 ; protein interaction ; ABA deficiency ; fruit dehydration ; gene expression ; hormone application ; Pinalate ; postharvest ; upstream open reading frame ; translation ; abscisic acid ; protein kinase WNK8 ; ABA ; drought ; metabolites ; signaling ; crop breeding ; carotenoid ; CCD ; NCED ; poplar ; gibberellin (GA) ; abscisic acid (ABA) ; seed development ; seed maturation ; alternative splicing ; abiotic stress responses ; plant development ; root and tuber crops ; stem/root tuber development ; GA ; gibberellic acid ; arabidopsis ; ABI5 ; ABI5-binding proteins (AFPs) ; DELLA proteins ; SLEEPY1 ; germination ; dormancy ; storage proteins ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 61
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The expansion of urban areas has facilitated the conversion of undeveloped lands, which has led to environmental degradation, such as loss of habitats, hydro-modification, and the collapse of existing ecosystems. Recent climate change has exacerbated these damages by causing more frequent and serious hazards. To attenuate the impacts of urbanization and the negative effects of climate change, green infrastructure (GI) planning (e.g., nature-based strategies, technologies, policies, and solutions) has arisen as an important approach for balancing urban development and nature. GI offers a variety of benefits to our cities by reducing stormwater runoff, heat waves, and air pollution; expanding wildlife habitats; and increasing recreational opportunities and even nearby property values.
    Keywords: stormwater management ; urban heat island ; cost–benefit analysis ; ecosystem services ; urban green infrastructure ; green infrastructure ; indexing ; random forest ; interpretation of machine learning ; urbanization ; shapley additive explanation ; park characteristic ; extreme gradient boost ; Dallas ; land use land cover ; construction site ; particulate matter emissions ; emission factor ; prediction technology ; urban shrinkage ; vacancy parcel data ; multilevel analysis ; predicting vacancy ; access inequity ; systematic mapping ; empirical studies ; city scale ; inequity mitigation ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Glycosaminoglycans are linear, anionic polysaccharides (GAGs) consisting of repeating disaccharides. GAGs are ubiquitously localized throughout the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to the cell membranes of cells in all tissues. They are either conjugated to protein cores in the form of proteoglycans, e.g., chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), heparin/heparan sulfate (Hep/HS) and keratan sulfate (KS), as well as non-sulfated hyaluronan (HA). By modulating biological signaling GAGs participate in the regulation of homeostasis and also participate in disease progression. The book, entitled “Exploring the multifaceted roles of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)—new advances and further challenges”, features original research and review articles. These articles cover several GAG-related timely topics in structural biology and imaging; morphogenesis, cancer, and other disease therapy and drug developments; tissue engineering; and metabolic engineering. This book also includes an article illustrating how metabolic engineering can be used to create the novel chondroitin-like polysaccharide.A prerequisite for communicating in any discipline and across disciplines is familiarity with the appropriate terminology. Several nomenclature rules exist in the field of biochemistry. The historical description of GAGs follows IUPAC and IUB nomenclature. New structural depictions such as the structural nomenclature for glycan and their translation into machine-readable formats have opened the route for cross-references with popular bioinformatics resources and further connections with other exciting “omics” fields.
    Keywords: GAGs: ; Hyaluronic ; Acid, ; Heparan ; (Sulfate) ; Heparin, ; Heparosan ; Chondroitin ; Dermatan ; Keratan, ; GAGs ; like ; Peri ; and ; Extracellular ; Matrix ; Regulation ; &amp ; Biosynthesis ; of ; GAG ; Extraction ; Synthesis ; (chemical, ; metabolic ; engineering,...) ; Characterization ; sequence ; molecular ; weight, ; degree ; polymerization, ; 3D ; structures,....) ; structure/properties ; relationships ; oligosaccharides ; Glycobiology ; structure/function ; relationship ; Protein-GAG ; complexes ; in ; disease ; GAG-based ; biomaterials ; as ; nanocarriers ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases. The models are fundamental tools in biomedical research, and they are invaluable for providing new insights into mechanisms underlying organ function, establishing the pathophysiology of a disease, and testing potential therapeutic approaches.Models have been long used to study several diseases, including cardiovascular, oncologic, metabolic, infectious, and neurological diseases, among others. Animals or cells displaying pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases have been used as models. Moreover, mathematical models are also of great importance to disease modeling. Animal models offer the unique opportunity to investigate the function of genes and pathways and the in vivo effects of drugs, bridging the gap between basic science and the treatment of diseases. The selection of a suitable model system is a crucial step in research design. For disease modeling to be meaningful, a relevant cellular or genetic phenotype must be observed. Without the use of models, both research and clinical practice worldwide would be vastly different today.This Special Issue aimed to publish original research works or reviews with models of disease, highlighting their importance to search for new therapeutic strategies.
    Keywords: spontaneous models ; induced models ; genetically engineered models ; acute kidney injury ; biomarkers ; coagulation ; ischemia-reperfusion injury ; shock ; newborn lamb ; multiple intestinal loop model ; 3R ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; yeast cell wall fractions ; fatty liver disease ; glucose ; imipramine ; insulin ; obesity ; renal impairment ; retinal injury ; xenograft ; ectopic ; orthotopic ; hIBC ; cIMC ; whole-body ischemia ; cardiopulmonary resuscitation ; drug-induced hypothermia ; spinal motor neuron ; inflammation ; paraplegia ; virucidal drugs ; IBV ; chickens ; Coronaviridae ; silver nanoparticles ; artificial ribonuclease ; monoglyceride lauryl acid ; spinal cord hemisection ; Macaca radiata ; predegenerated nerve transplantation ; locomotor recovery ; Cornu Ammonis 1 ; glutaminergic synapse ; memory function ; oligodendrocyte ; pyramidal cells ; animal model ; trichotillomania ; hair-pulling ; body-focused repetitive disorder ; transitional cell carcinoma ; urothelial carcinoma ; histology ; therapeutic marker ; prognosis ; mandibular growth ; mandibular posterior displacement ; mandibular length ; condylar growth ; rat ; class III malocclusion ; orthodontic treatment ; antebrachial growth deformity ; dog ; osteotomy ; patient-specific instrumentation ; 3-D ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: There is increasingly intensive research for energy storage technologies development due to the enhanced energy needs of the contemporary societies. Increased global energy consumption results in the reduction in the availability of traditional energy resources, such as coal, oil and natural gas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new systems development based on the conversion and storage of sustainable and clean energy. Phase change materials (PCMs) are one of the key components for the development of advanced sustainable solutions in renewable energy and engineering systems. In order to update the field of renewable energy and engineering systems with the use of PCMs, a Special Issue entitled “Phase Change Materials: Design and Applications” is introduced. This book gathers and reviews the collection of ten contributions (nine articles and one review), with authors from Europe, Asia and Americam accepted for publication in the aforementioned Special Issue of Applied Sciences.
    Keywords: phase change materials ; thermal energy storage ; energy efficiency ; building applications ; construction materials ; phase-change material ; dispersion ; thermal-mechanical stability ; viscosity ; supercooling ; nucleating agent ; cold storage ; battery cooling ; LPMO ; Fourier Transform ac Voltammetry (FTacV) ; cyclic voltammetry ; Direct Electron Transfer (DET) ; lathrate hydrate ; tetrabutylammonium acrylate (TBAAc) ; crystal growth ; ultrasonic vibration ; polyurethane elastomers ; microencapsulated PCMs ; thermal properties ; mechanical properties ; phase change material ; sugar alcohol ; erythritol ; latent heat storage ; thermal stability ; degradation kinetics ; PCM ; mini-channels ; air ; melting ; solidification ; latent heat thermal energy storage ; phase change materials (PCM) ; macro-encapsulation ; rectangular slab ; experimental study ; sodium nitrate ; thermal conductivity ; microencapsulation ; latent heat ; multicriteria decision ; finite element ; automotive ; energy storage ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint is mainly aimed at economists involved in the energy market. Energy market processes have an enormous impact on people's day-to-day economic activities. The economics of sustainability leads the way in theorizing how best to prevent environmental degradation whilst also fostering positive economic development. For these reasons, the focus of this reprint is mainly on pollution and the energy transition. Works on energy resources and future-oriented solutions that reduce the consumption of classical energy resources are explored in the reprint. Papers relating to contemporary accounting and the stock market are also presented. The geographical area of the works showcased here essentially covers the entire eastern hemisphere of the globe (Asia, Africa and Europe). They are mainly empirical studies, although in one case a bibliometric analysis is included.
    Keywords: energy market ; stock market ; mood ; emotions ; weather ; causality ; industry ; renewable energy ; CO2 emissions ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; pollution charges ; green technology innovation ; industrial enterprise ; heterogeneity analysis ; oil prices ; inflation ; exchange rate ; goodwill ; impairment of goodwill ; quality of financial statements ; energy sector ; mining ; fuel ; disclosures of financial information ; nearly zero-energy housing ; NZEB ; barriers ; perceptions ; housing professionals ; sustainability transition ; energy ; green indicators ; blue indicators ; carbon neutrality ; nonlinear ARDL ; European Union ; sustainable energy development ; energy transformation ; energy strategy ; taxonomical analysis ; ranking ; TOPSIS method ; renewable energy transition ; non-euro area ; panel data ; Granger causality ; VECM ; human capital ; CO2 emission ; FDI ; technological innovation ; carbon emission efficiency ; carbon emission ; renewable energy sources ; government regulations ; subsidy programmes ; prosumers ; micro-installations ; regression discontinuity design ; green taxes ; greenhouse gas emissions ; indicators of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions ; sustainable development ; green energy ; innovation ; trends ; bibliometric analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Analytical chemistry is bound to face growing challenges in the future, especially for the quantification of trace analytes in complex matrices. Although the development of increasingly sensitive and specific instrumental techniques has achieved remarkable results, sample preparation is still a fundamental step, often limiting the whole workflow. In the context spawned by the recent international environmental policies that are responsive to the rapport of human activities with the surrounding environment, chemistry cannot hesitate to give its contribution. Almost pioneeringly, in analytical chemistry, we have been talking for some time about “green analytical chemistry”, its guiding principles, and the development of eco-friendly analytical approaches. However, the new and still open challenge is advance not only in eco-compatibility but mainly in eco-sustainability, rooting the future of analytical chemistry in new perspective aimed at minimizing the environmental impact of the analytical process by placing environmental cost as a priority aim on par with analytical performance. This is the reprint of a Special Issue that includes contributions focused on the progress in analytical chemistry based on the arguments previously raised and discussed, with a particular reference to eco-compatibility and eco-sustainability. The contributions include the development of low environmental impact methods and/or techniques or their applications.
    Keywords: dyes ; fatty acids ; microextraction ; magnetic ionic liquid ; sample preparation ; dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction ; single drop microextraction ; GC ; HPLC ; ionic liquids ; denitrogenation ; extraction ; pyridine ; quinoline ; aniline ; simulated oil ; adsorption ; gum Arabic ; magnetite ; nano-composite ; lead(II) ; mercury removal ; magnetic ; manganese ; cobalt ; iron ; spinel ; crosslinker ; phenolic acids ; vinylimidazole ; anion exchanger ; co-polymer ; solid-phase extraction ; sustainable analytical sample preparation ; indoor air quality ; fragrances ; indoor pollution ; endocrine disruptors ; analytical method ; GC-MS ; musks fragrances ; emerging contaminants ; α-isomethylionone ; halloysite nanotubes ; organosilyl-sulfonated halloysite nanotubes ; solid phase extraction ; pyrrolizidine alkaloids ; honey ; chlorzoxazone ; greener HPTLC ; paracetamol ; simultaneous detection ; validation ; AGREE ; traditional HPTLC ; vitamin D3 ; pulsed electric field ; bioactive compounds ; optimization ; mushrooms ; Agaricus bisporus ; phenyboronic-acid-functionalized ; Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles ; ortho-dihydroxy-containing compounds ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Accurate solar radiation knowledge and its characterization on the Earth’s surface are of high interest in many aspects of environmental and engineering sciences. Modeling of solar irradiance from satellite imagery has become the most widely used method for retrieving solar irradiance information under total sky conditions, particularly in the solar energy community. Solar radiation modeling, forecasting, and characterization continue to be broad areas of study, research, and development in the scientific community. This Special Issue contains a small sample of the current activities in this field. Both the environmental and climatology community, as the solar energy world, share a great interest in improving modeling tools and capabilities for obtaining more reliable and accurate knowledge of solar irradiance components worldwide. The work presented in this Special Issue also remarks on the significant role that remote sensing technologies play in retrieving and forecasting solar radiation information.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; PAR ; motion vector field ; radiative transfer ; global horizontal irradiance ; evapotranspiration ; HRV ; Kato bands ; understory light condition ; California Delta ; validation ; aerosol impact ; remote sensing ; solar radiation ; nowcasting ; India ; cloud categories ; Clouds and the Earth Radiant Energy System (CERES) ; brightness temperature ; Himawari-8/Advanced Meteorological Imager (Himawari-8/AHI) ; water vapor ; clear sky index ; water resource management ; broadband albedo at the top of the atmosphere (TOA albedo) ; data fusion ; solar energy ; shortwave radiation ; AMESIS ; satellite-derived dataset ; insolation ; solar variability ; subcanopy light regime ; clustering analysis ; solar energy systems ; forest canopy ; radiance ; MSG ; GOES satellites ; radiation model ; solar radiation trends ; clear sky ; downward shortwave radiation ; reflected shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere (RSR) ; SEVIRI ; photosynthetically active radiation ; surface solar radiation ; solar irradiance ; earth observation ; high turbidity ; Geostationary Korea Multi-Purse Satellite/Advanced Meteorological Imager (GK-2A/AMI) ; Solis scheme ; solar radiation forecasting ; surface energy balance ; light attenuation ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes impactful chapters related to document-image related visual sensing, which do present and comprehensively discuss selected scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques. Indeed, document imaging/scanning approaches are essential techniques for digitalizing documents in various real-world contexts. This reprint emerging from the Special Issue "Document-Image Related Visual Sensors and Machine Learning Techniques” can be viewed as a result of the crucial need for document management systems. Such technologies are being applied in various fields or different domains and parts of the world to address relevant challenges that could not be addressed without the advances made in these technologies. The reprint includes impactful chapters that present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and innovative ideas on sensing technologies and machine-learning techniques to overcome a series of key challenges related to document imaging/scanning, text detection, text recognition, and documents clustering.
    Keywords: feature learning ; incomplete multimedia data ; fuzzy c-means ; variational autoencoder ; multispectral imaging ; document scanning ; portable sensor ; depth image filtering ; point clouds filtering ; Kinect v2 ; depth resolution ; close range ; hand pose ; image binarization ; optical character recognition ; document images ; local thresholding ; image pre-processing ; natural images ; scene text recognition ; visual sensor ; text position correction ; encoder-decoder network ; chart recognition ; deep learning ; visualization ; classification ; detection ; perspective correction ; house architecture type classification ; house type classification ; convolutional neural networks ; document classification ; feature selection ; data augmentation ; imbalanced dataset ; scene text detection ; multiple scales ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This book focuses on the up-to-date studies on the sustainability with changing climate and extremes. The main contributors discussed the changing climate and extreme events, as well as their impacts on natural and human dimension sustainability, including the incorporated social–ecologic and socioeconomic processes. Special attention is given to four main sections: natural disasters in agriculture; urban/rural ecosystem, tourism, and ecosystem service; extreme climate indices, and newly created dataset for climate change.
    Keywords: trade conflict ; carbon emissions ; import and export trade ; cooperative emission reduction ; meteorological hazards ; risk assessment ; spatial pattern ; population exposure ; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ; climate change ; slope geohazards ; new geohazard clusters ; extreme cooling events ; Arctic Oscillation ; winter in China ; atmospheric circulation ; GPP ; CMIP6 ; ESM ; STA ; China ; warm days ; cold days ; warm nights ; cold nights ; hot days ; frost days ; compound drought and heatwave events ; complex network ; event synchronization ; atmospheric circulation patterns ; urban agglomeration ; drought ; heat wave ; flood ; GM (1, 1) ; Arctic ; universal thermal climate index (UTCI) ; spatial-temporal changes ; 1979–2019 ; ecosystem services trade-offs ; land-use change ; soil conservation ; carbon storage ; water yield ; precipitation gradient ; Loess Plateau ; climate hazards ; geospatial analysis ; urban adaptation ; risk management ; snow disaster ; risk zoning ; Heilongjiang Province ; precipitation ; model resolutions ; cold region of China ; spatiotemporal distribution ; spatiotemporal variation ; 1961–2019 ; high-resolution and high-quality precipitation data ; independent and non-independent test ; the 0.01° multi-source fusion precipitation product ; extreme precipitation event ; forest types ; NDVI ; AVHRR GIMMS ; temperature range ; precipitation range ; snow cover ; black carbon concentration ; radiative forcing ; northeast China ; high temperature ; mobile phone data ; impact factor ; Zhuhai City ; WRF model ; projection ; short-lived heatwave event ; long-lived heatwave event ; Yangtze River Basin ; central and western Pacific ; thermocline ; yellowfin tuna ; CPUE ; El Niño ; La Niña ; GAM model ; spring soil moisture ; impact mechanism ; Songnen Plain ; Sanjiang Plain ; maize ; diurnal temperature range ; fresh air index ; natural microclimate comfort index ; fresh air–natural microclimate comfort index ; scenic spots ; Fujian province ; extreme climate indices ; temporal and spatial dynamics ; linear trend ; climate abrupt change ; central China ; peanut drought ; Shandong Province ; natural disaster risk assessment principles ; dry-hot wind disaster ; Shandong province ; natural disaster risk assessment principle ; summer maize ; inter- and mixed cropping ; flowering period ; yield ; potato climatic productivity potential ; Inner Mongolia ; effect ; human mobility ; rainfall ; taxi GPS data ; community ; Zhuhai central areas ; citrus ; quality ; future projection ; state-owned forest farms ; human resource allocation ; industrial structure ; coordination and adaptation ; personal structure ; contiguous poverty-stricken areas ; rainstorms and droughts ; direct economic losses ; disaster-affected population ; drought and flood ; vulnerability ; risk prediction ; agroecosystem ; heatwaves ; population exposure change ; global warming ; 1.5 °C warming scenario ; 2.0 °C warming scenario ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This Special Issue gathers papers reporting research on various aspects of remote sensing of Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) and the use of satellite SSS in oceanography. It includes contributions presenting improvements in empirical or theoretical radiative transfer models; mitigation techniques of external interference such as RFI and land contamination; comparisons and validation of remote sensing products with in situ observations; retrieval techniques for improved coastal SSS monitoring, high latitude SSS and the assessment of ocean interactions with the cryosphere; and data fusion techniques combining SSS with sea surface temperature (SST). New instrument technology for the future of SSS remote sensing is also presented.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; n/a ; satellite salinity ; one-dimensional (1D) aperture synthesis radiometer ; smos ; Gulf of Maine ; retrieval errors ; Aquarius ; combined active/passive SSS retrieval algorithm ; ocean surface roughness ; upwelling ; salt transport ; quality assessment ; sea ice ; SMOS ; microwave radiometry ; Arctic Gateways ; Aquarius satellite ; validation ; sea surface temperature ; water transport ; forward model ; river discharge ; sea surface salinity ; remote sensing ; retrieval algorithm ; Water Cycle Observation Mission (WCOM) ; SMAP ; microwave remote sensing ; alboran sea ; surface velocity ; Arctic Ocean ; sea surface salinity (SSS) ; coastal ; brightness temperature (TB) ; interferometric microwave imager (IMI) ; Scotian Shelf ; MICAP ; different instrument configurations ; bias characteristics ; mediterranean sea ; Gulf of Mexico ; calibration ; retroflections ; Arctic ocean ; salinity ; Sea Surface Salinity ; Arctic rivers ; Argo ; data processing ; aquarius ; ocean salinity ; Aquarius Validation Data System (AVDS) ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This reprint includes contributions from leaders in the field of personalized medicine in ophthalmology. The contributions are diverse and cover pre-clinical and clinical topics. We hope you enjoy reading the articles.
    Keywords: subthreshold micropulse laser ; 577-nm laser ; laser fixed parameters ; diabetic retinopathy ; diabetic macular edema ; optical coherence tomography ; autofluorescence ; real-life ; diabetic macular oedema ; visual prognosis ; indicators ; personalized medicine ; age-related macular degeneration ; choroidal neovascularization ; classification ; machine learning ; type 2 diabetes ; retinopathy ; ethnicity ; general practice ; risk factors ; progression ; glycemic gap ; glucose variability ; ETDRS classification ; biomarkers ; phenotypes ; anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ; diabetic retinopathy severity scale ; panretinal leakage index ; neovascular age-related macular degeneration ; anti-VEGF therapy ; retinal thickness ; visual acuity ; variability ; leakage index ; microaneurysms ; intravitreal aflibercept ; neovascularization ; ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography ; retinal imaging ; quantitative biomarkers ; precision medicine ; autoantibodies ; AT1-receptor ; PAR1 ; VEGF-A ; VEGF-B ; VEGF-receptor 2 ; AMD ; complement system ; semi-quantitative multiplex profilin ; mass spectrometry ; C4 ; vitronectin ; factor I ; genetic variants ; metabolites ; HDL ; central area thickness ; biomarker ; microRNA ; anti-VEGF ; retina ; edema ; OCT ; tomography ; microphysiological systems ; blood-neural barriers ; neurovascular unit ; disease modeling ; 3D models ; organ-on-a-chip ; inner blood-retinal barrier ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Rapid establishment of seedlings in forest regeneration or afforestation sites after planting is a prerequisite for a successful reforestation. Seedling survival after outplanting can be improved by using high-quality seedling material. Seedling quality consists of several features, such as genetic source, morphological properties, nutritional status, stress resistance, and vitality of the seedlings. Field performance of the seedlings is a complex process which can be affected by many nursery and silvicultural practices. Nursery cultural practices strongly affect seedling quality, which is generally at its highest level during the growth period at the nursery. Afterwards, when the seedlings are transported from the nursery to the planting site (including seedling storage, handling, shipping, and planting practices), the quality of seedlings can only remain the same or decline. To ensure successful regeneration, it is important to produce seedlings that retain their high quality until planting, and to establish them quickly in the forest regeneration site.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; container parameters ; forest regeneration material ; physiological attributes ; somatic embryogenesis ; Quercus rubra ; antioxidant enzymes ; nursery production ; shortleaf pine ; historical perspective ; maturation ; Appalachia ; bulk density ; Quercus robur L. ; rabbit ; western larch ; Picea abies L. Karst. ; sessile oak ; climate change ; physiological quality ; nursery culture ; Fennoscandia ; pedunculate oak ; elk ; seeds ; survival ; small mammal ; loblolly pine ; Norway spruce ; white oak ; growing media ; germination ; morphological attributes ; embling production ; mechanization ; browse ; contractor ; field performance ; reforestation ; white-tailed deer ; forest biotechnology ; cultural practice ; hybridization ; nutrients ; silviculture ; black locust ; scarification index ; seedling quality ; tree planting machine ; seed size ; herbicide ; artificial regeneration ; restoration ecology ; porosity ; northern red oak ; cryopreservation ; leaf senescence ; tree seedling ; Douglas fir ; Quercus ; growth ; mine reclamation ; forestry ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: I am grateful to all the authors who contributed to this Special Issue and the referees for reviewing the manuscripts. Finally, I give my thanks to Ms. Alisa Si and all the editorial staff of Nanomaterials for their support during the publication of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: Si ; MnO2 ; rGO ; sea urchin-like structure ; lithium-ion battery ; high performance ; silica-based anode ; Ketjen Black ; electrochemical properties ; pseudocapacitor ; carbon nanotube ; polyaniline ; fractional-order circuit model ; memory effect ; fractional derivative ; zinc-ion batteries ; conducting polymers ; zinc-ion diffusion ; metal–organic framework ; supercapacitors ; energy density ; specific capacitance ; stability ; self-powered ; wearable flexible sensor ; energy harvesting ; human motion monitoring ; triboelectric nanogenerator ; NiMoO4@MnCo2O4 ; microstructure ; electrochemical performance ; cycling stability ; semiconductor superlattice ; dielectric capacity ; energy storage ; first-principles calculation ; supercapacitor ; organic crosslinked polymer ; porous carbon ; electrochemistry ; α-Fe2O3@MnO2 ; electrode materials ; flexibility ; hydrogen generation ; porous titanium oxide cage ; PtNi nanoparticles ; sodium borohydride hydrolysis ; NaBH4 ; graphene oxide ; catalytic activity ; hydrolysis ; aqueous zinc ion battery ; transition metal chalcogenides ; layered structure ; cathode ; energy storage mechanism ; g-C3N4 ; perovskite solar cells ; additive ; surface modifier layer ; Li-rich cathode material ; voltage and capacity fade ; testing mode ; cobalt-containing nanomaterials ; morphological design ; bio-derived hard carbon ; Coulomb efficiency ; Na-ion batteries ; storage mechanism ; fibrous phosphorus ; lithium-Ion battery ; anode ; CuMn2O4 ; nanosheet arrays ; hydrothermal ; battery-type ; CoO@rGO ; graphene ; MOF ; flexible electrodes ; hollow structure ; ultrafast integration ; lithium-ion batteries ; proton exchange membrane fuel cell ; mechanical vibration ; durability ; platinum migration ; accelerated stress test ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Myxobacteria are fascinating and important prokaryotes. They have large genomes and exhibit a wide range of interesting behaviors, including multicellular fruiting body formation, social interaction, predation, and secondary metabolite production. Substantial progress is being made in understanding their ecological roles and the evolutionary forces that have shaped their phenotypes and behaviors. Novel species of myxobacteria are regularly described, often producing unusual metabolites and enzymes which can be of significant biotechnological interest. Molecular studies, ranging in subject from individual enzymes to entire ‘omes, continue to provide rich insights into myxobacterial biology. This collected volume brings together five research articles and three reviews, to provide a snapshot of current myxobacterial research in all its diversity.
    Keywords: carotenoids ; comparative genomics ; development ; fruiting body formation ; one-component systems ; quorum signalling ; two-component systems ; myxobacteria ; Myxococcales ; germination ; bacterial cell wall ; sporulation ; morphology ; photoreceptor ; photosensitizer ; photoregulation ; singlet oxygen ; plasmalogens ; CarF ; vitamin B12 ; CarH ; ECF-sigma ; CarD-CdnL ; microbial food web ; trophic interactions ; predator–prey interactions ; mesopredator ; social bacteria ; nematodes ; experimental community ; behavior ; Myxococcus sp. ; Corallococcus sp. ; Melittangium sp. ; Archangium sp. ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; Myxococcus xanthus ; phase contrast microscopy ; fluorescence microscopy ; aggregation ; rippling ; deep learning ; generative adversarial network ; pretator-prey coevolution ; antagonism ; mucoidy ; predatory bacteria ; bacterial predation ; prey diversity ; negative frequency dependence ; experimental evolution ; MyxoEE-6 ; functional genomics ; genome evolution ; genome organisation ; pan-genome ; proteomics ; taxonomy ; transcriptomics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Land use is the projection of human activities in space, and it has become an important insight into the transformation and reconstruction of human society and economy. Rural land use in China is undergoing rapid transformation driven by the rapid development of science and technology. Effectively grasping the change and transformation process of rural land use and its internal mechanism provides an important reference for revealing the inherent laws of China's rural development. Rural land use is closely related to the rural vitalization strategy and urban–rural integration in the new era. An in-depth study of China's rural land use and policy reform provides the basis of knowledge for formulating and optimizing urban–rural relations. This Special Issue focuses on the changes, effects, and regulation of rural land use in China, focusing on its main contradictions and solutions, building a cooperative network and sharing platform for rural land use research from a multidisciplinary perspective, and further deepening the theoretical innovation and practical application of rural land use research. We invited scholars from various disciplines to contribute to the Special Issue, especially with papers on the subjects of theoretical innovation, technological innovation, and practical innovation in this field.
    Keywords: family farm ; efficiency ; DEA model ; Tobit model ; farm operation ; influencing factors ; soybean ; production pattern ; spatial agglomeration ; policy implications ; spatiotemporal changes ; crop planting structure ; black soil region ; Northeast China ; county-level ; geographic characteristics ; hollow village ; actor–network ; governance mode ; operation process ; appropriate tillage sand land ; land survey ; limiting factor ; land evaluation ; cultivated land protection ; Green Transition of Cultivated Land-use (GTCL) ; Water-Land-Food-Carbon (WLFC) ; coupling coordination ; land use change ; rural settlements ; spatial pattern evolution ; land policy ; China ; different modes ; land transfer ; livelihood capital ; difference-in-differences model ; Land Certificated Program (LCP) ; farmland “stickiness” ; land production function ; property rights ; agricultural policy ; cultivated land multifunctionality ; coupling coordination degree ; spatial-temporal pattern ; driving force ; major grain-producing areas ; northeast China ; comprehensive land consolidation ; pilot project ; decision-making evaluation ; farmers ; social investors ; non-agriculturalization rate ; ecological risk ; cultivated land change ; landform ; land management ; increasing versus decreasing balance (IVDB) ; balanced quota ; revenue ; inverted U-shaped curve ; Zhejiang province ; territorial space ; production–living–ecological space ; spatio-temporal variation ; eco-environment effect ; territorial spatial pattern ; eco-environmental quality ; soil contamination ; phytoremediation ; passivation ; farmer ; questionnaire survey ; paddy field ; dryland ; topographic gradient ; landscape characteristics ; land-use change ; rural settlement ; spatial distribution ; scale distribution ; morphological distribution ; the metropolitan fringe area ; Nanjing ; farmland transfer ; farmland function ; income structure ; rural household consumption ; consumption structure ; Yunnan Province ; farmers’ land transfer behavior ; herd effect ; geo-network ; the farmland right system reform ; creditor rights ; real rights ; agricultural modernization ; labor migration ; spatio-temporal evolution ; driving factor ; family structure ; heterogeneity ; area of land transfer ; rural–urban migration ; rural development ; land consolidation ; income distribution ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: One last comment concerns the fundamental contributions of Fourier analysis to quantum physics: Quantum mechanics and quantum field theory.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; self-electrorefining ; hedyphane group ; structural combinatorics ; CuFe2O4 ; Kamchatka ; Raman ; El Dragón ; apatite supergroup ; borate ; ariegilatite ; oyonite ; Tuscany ; gahnite ; magnesioferrite ; Szklary pegmatite ; aurihydrargyrumite ; Au6Hg5 phase ; Trentino ; Peru ; Germany ; cerromojonite ; sulfosalt ; pyrometamorphism ; Bellerberg volcano ; manganese ; gold ; spinel supergroup ; selenium ; CuAl2O4 ; clinokurchatovite ; sharyginite ; Poland ; copper ; kurchatovite ; copper oxide ; antimony ; nabimusaite group ; laachite ; lead ; thermaerogenite ; intercalated hexagonal antiperovskite ; placer ; Lower Silesia ; Eldfell ; Tolbachik volcano ; structural complexity ; nöggerathite-(Ce) ; Val di Fiemme ; Oyon district ; sanidinite ; cuprospinel ; sulfate ; fumarole sublimate ; Cretaio ; polymorphism ; polytypism ; tiberiobardiite ; fiemmeite ; stacking faults ; CO3-group ; Hatrurim Complex ; least-action principle ; phosphorus ; Laacher See ; new oxalate mineral ; Japan ; verneite ; alkaline volcanic rock ; arsenic ; Raman spectroscopy ; single-crystal investigation ; Rusinovite ; Eifel ; Lima department ; Italy ; barioferrite ; configurational entropy ; Hekla ; mercury ; Bolivia ; parafiniukite ; aluminofluoride ; new mineral ; Shadil-Khokh volcano ; Vesuvius ; bournonite group ; Ehime ; calcium ; lillianite homologous series ; chalcophyllite group ; sou?ekite ; silicate ; pyrometamorphic rocks ; crystal structure ; zirconolite ; bismuth ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The reprint provides the most relevant and state-of-the-art in the field, including recent developments in the production of natural compounds from various bioresources, and their formulations as bioactives. This reprint also covered the engineered approaches for enhanced biological properties and their potential applications. Identification of novel compounds and bioprocess tools to improve the quantity and quality of bioactive compounds and their formulations are exclusively covered in this reprint.
    Keywords: anti-solvent ; enzymatic saccharification ; EMIM-Ac ; ethanol ; ionic liquid ; lignocellulosic biomass ; recycling ; agro-industry ; microencapsulation ; bioactive compounds ; in vitro digestion ; yogurt ; cannabis ; cannabinoids ; postharvest ; drying ; curing ; storage ; biosynthesis ; pre-treatments ; sorption isotherm ; Raphanus sativus L. ; recombinant IFN-α2a ; apoptosis ; antiviral and antitumor activity ; Japanese knotweed rhizome bark ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; virus neutralization test ; nano-formulation ; nutraceuticals ; prebiotics ; nanofabricated delivery system ; liposomes ; nano-emulsions ; Abelmoschus manihot ; neurodegenerative disease ; oxidative stress ; proliferation ; inflammation ; nucleotide excision repair ; Actinosynnema pretiosum ; ansamitocin P-3 ; ssgA ; AdpA ; morphological differentiation ; pomegranate ; pomace ; extraction ; biological activity ; functional beverages ; sensory quality ; vitamins ; formulation ; homogeneous systems ; hydrophile–lipophile balance ; Emblica officinalis ; phytochemicals ; hyperlipidemia ; pharmacology ; nanoformulation ; Prunus mume ; vasorelaxant ; hypertension ; angiotensin receptor blockers ; agro-waste ; valorization ; value-added bioproducts ; micro/nano encapsulation ; agri-food-pharma applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The papers published in this Special Issue report on recent studies investigating the exploitation of by-products produced by the food industry. The topics investigated include the extraction setups used for valuable food waste by-products and their applications as adjuncts to food preparation; the appropriate selection of solvents and extraction processes; and the interactions between extracted fractions and supplementary foods. The papers evaluate a wide variety of foodstuffs and provide results regarding the extension their shelf-lives and activities as functional foods.
    Keywords: by-product ; rheological properties ; optimization ; melting profile ; antioxidant activity ; mayonnaise ; olive mill wastewater ; oxidative stability ; phenolic extract ; pork ; fatty acid ; amino acid ; mineral ; meat ; sustainability ; spent biomass ; prebiotic potential ; enzymatic digestion ; biorefinery ; circular economy ; by-products ; ovine scotta ; bioactive peptides ; bromelain ; pancreatin ; dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition ; ovine second whey cheese ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; wasted bread ; bioprocessing ; lactic acid bacteria ; soil amendment ; byproducts ; vegetable oil industry ; phenolics ; flavonoids ; photochemiluminescence ; cold-pressed oil by-product ; gum ; thixotropic behavior ; low-fat vegan mayonnaise ; thickeners ; gelling agents ; tomato pomace ; lycopene ; β-carotene ; extraction ; food by-products ; deep eutectic solvents ; non-thermal drying ; stilbene ; vine shoots ; viticulture waste ; trans-resveratrol ; ε-viniferin ; Italian varieties ; no-waste ; omega-3 ; smart sensors ; reuse ; fish oil industry ; recovery ; chemometrics ; lipid profile ; aquafaba ; cold-pressed oils ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; egg replacement ; physicochemical properties ; radical scavenging activity ; vegan mayonnaise ; Amberlite resin ; hazelnut skin ; polyphenols ; Pinot noir pomace ; solid–liquid extraction ; valorization ; fatty acids ; derivatization ; cranberry pomace ; dietary fiber ; technological properties ; kiwi byproducts ; probiotic ; prebiotic ; Lactobacillus casei ; ingredients ; functional foods ; microbial spoilage ; lipidic oxidation ; antioxidant ; predictive microbiology ; food preservation ; food safety ; sustainable strategy ; by-product reuse ; kinetic parameters ; Olea europaea ; waste reuse ; inulin ; high polymerization degree ; functional pasta ; glycemic index ; prebiotics growth ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Satisfactory acoustics is crucial for the ability of spaces such as auditoriums and lecture rooms to perform their primary function. The acoustics of dwellings and offices greatly affects the quality of our life, since we are all consciously or subconsciously aware of the sounds to which we are daily subjected. Architectural acoustics, which encompasses room and building acoustics, is the scientific field that deals with these topics and can be defined as the study of generation, propagation, and effects of sound in enclosures. Modeling techniques, as well as related acoustic theories for accurately calculating the sound field, have been the center of many major new developments. In addition, the image conveyed by a purely physical description of sound would be incomplete without regarding human perception; hence, the interrelation between objective stimuli and subjective sensations is a field of important investigations. A holistic approach in terms of research and practice is the optimum way for solving the perplexing problems which arise in the design or refurbishment of spaces, since current trends in contemporary architecture, such as transparency, openness, and preference for bare sound-reflecting surfaces are continuing pushing the very limits of functional acoustics. All the advances in architectural acoustics gathered in this Special Issue, we hope that inspire researchers and acousticians to explore new directions in this age of scientific convergence.
    Keywords: acoustic measurements ; impulse response measurements ; omnidirectional source ; dodecahedron ; acoustic parameters ; sound source ; reverberation time ; ISO 3382 ; auralization ; sound absorption ; perforated panels ; micro-perforated panels ; resonant absorbers ; frequency domain ; PUFEM ; room acoustics ; wave-based method ; discretization error ; explicit method ; finite element method ; high order scheme ; room acoustic simulations ; time domain ; shoebox concert hall ; diffusive surfaces ; diffusers location ; acoustical parameters ; variable acoustics ; subjective investigation ; acoustics ; opera house ; intangible cultural heritage ; open-air ancient theatres ; ISO 3382-1 ; firecrackers ; building acoustics ; sound absorption coefficient ; prediction models ; supervised learning method ; worship space acoustics ; acoustics simulation ; acoustic heritage ; archaeo-acoustics ; acoustic subspaces ; FDTD simulation ; speech intelligibility ; open-plan offices ; spatial decay ; ISO 3382-3 ; room absorption ; office noise ; speech ; calculation models ; absorption ; scattering ; airflow resistivity ; long space ; coherent image source method ; sound-absorbing boundary ; sound field modeling ; scale-model experiment ; reflection power ; room response ; directional decay rates ; room modes ; eigenbeam processing ; spatial correlation ; concert hall acoustics ; lateral reflections ; shoebox typology ; spatial impression ; perception thresholds ; skeletal reflections ; reflection sequence ; seat dip effect ; seat height ; seat spacing ; mechanism ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research.
    Keywords: allyl compounds ; molecular dynamic ; antioxidant enzyme ; oxidative stress ; phytochemical study ; Artemisia judaica ; essential oil ; wound healing ; inflammatory markers ; antibiofilm activity ; antioxidant activity ; Ammi visnaga L. ; chemical composition ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; circular economy ; volatile compounds ; antioxidants ; pro-oxidants ; enzymatic activity ; gas chromatography ; proanthocyanidins ; polyphenols ; Salvia officinalis ; chemical analysis ; aromatherapy ; inhalation ; TBARS ; FRAP ; colour parameter ; linseed and vitamin E ; oregano and rosemary ; microbiological profile ; beef meat ; phytochemicals ; medicinal plants ; plant-based nanostructures ; eco-friendly nanotherapeutics ; therapeutics ; phytobiotics ; apiaceae family ; Valeriana pilosa ; antioxidant activities ; molecular docking ; Embelia ribes Burm. ; Vidanga ; essential oils/extracts ; embelin ; vilangin ; pharmacology ; phytochemistry ; plant-based compounds ; natural products ; Amazon ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; S. edelbergii ; essential oils ; GC-MS analysis ; in vitro and in vivo biological activities ; antioxidant ; phytotoxic ; molecular modeling ; virtual ligand screening ; Amazonian natural products ; Artemia salina ; 1,8-cineole ; (Z)-α-trans-bergamotene ; citrus essential oils ; natural aromatic compounds ; therapeutic effects of citrus EOs ; characterization of citrus EOs ; new species ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; Salvia rosmarinus ; aromatic herbs ; wastes ; residues ; LC-HRMS/MS ; sweet orange ; cold pressing ; hydrodistillation ; scavenging activity ; reducing capacity ; virulence factors ; quorum sensing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The sustainable development of our planet depends on the use of energy. The increasing world population inevitably causes an increase in the demand for energy, which, on the one hand, threatens us with the potential to encounter a shortage of energy supply, and, on the other hand, causes the deterioration of the environment. Therefore, our task is to reduce this demand through different innovative solutions (i.e., both technological and social). Social marketing and economic policies can also play their role by affecting the behavior of households and companies and by causing behavioral change oriented to energy stewardship, with an overall switch to renewable energy resources. This reprint provides a platform for the exchange of a wide range of ideas, which, ultimately, would facilitate driving societies toward long-term energy efficiency.
    Keywords: natural resources ; globalization ; energy ; nonparametric causality in quantiles ; energy security ; power market ; near-zero emission technologies ; oxy-fuel combustion cycles ; emission rights sales mechanism ; economic assessment ; Oil Companies ; innovations ; investments in R&amp ; D ; forecasting the Innovation activities ; industry 4.0 ; Agenda 2030 ; sustainable human development ; measuring development ; energy sustainability ; indirect measurement ; composed indexes ; forecasting ; linear regression ; planning ; polynomial regression ; power supply ; green building ; housing projects management ; sustainable construction ; renewable energy sources ; real estate developers ; deviation ; energy dependence ; energy efficiency management ; energy saving ; cost ; risk limit ; energy industry ; energy supply ; energy intensity ; energy efficiency ; energy industry risks ; dilemma ; development ; Kazakhstan ; energy transitions ; Latin America ; power system ; sustainability ; economic growth ; pollution ; renewable energy ; oil and gas industry ; investments ; rating ; competitiveness ; financial analysis ; risk ; profitability ; merchandising technologies ; correlation ; scenario ; social development ; optimization ; investment ; financial portfolio ; financial leverage ; integral rating ; industry rating ; high-tech company ; decision-making ; minimax ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: In the last decades, inedible lignocellulosic biomasses have attracted significant attention for being abundant resources that are not in competition with agricultural land or food production and, therefore, can be used as starting renewable material for the production of a wide variety of platform chemicals. The three main components of lignocellulosic biomasses are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, complex biopolymers that can be converted into a pool of platform molecules including sugars, polyols, alchols, ketons, ethers, acids and aromatics. Various technologies have been explored for their one-pot conversion into chemicals, fuels and materials. However, in order to develop new catalytic processes for the selective production of desired products, a complete understanding of the molecular aspects of the basic chemistry and reactivity of biomass derived molecules is still crucial. This Special Issue reports on recent progress and advances in the catalytic valorization of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin model molecules promoted by novel heterogeneous systems for the production of energy, fuels and chemicals.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; n/a ; hemicellulose ; catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis reactions ; furfural ; ZSM-5 ; syngas ; renewable aromatics ; Diels–Alder ; lignin ; hydroisomerization ; levulinic acid ; bio-oil upgrade ; metal ferrites ; aromatic ethers ; hierarchical zeolites ; Chilean natural zeolites ; bioethanol ; renewable p-xylene ; desilication ; dimethylfuran ; GC/MS characterization ; biomass ; H-donor molecules ; heterogeneous catalysis ; polyols ; Brønsted acids sites ; spinels ; solketal ; glycerol ; chemical-loop reforming ; zeolite ; cellulose ; insulating oils ; hydrogenolysis ; lignocellulosic biomasses ; bio-insulating oil ; glycidol ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Witnessing the rise of nationalism, nativism, and xenophobia in many countries, theories of transculturalism arose, in part, out of the concern that multi- and intercultural identity models have not set themselves sufficiently apart from their own culturalist baggage, thus leaving their doors open to strong nationalistic and ethnocentric orientations. But how can we—how can literature—imagine transcultural communities? This volume attempts to examine whether transculturalism—with its questioning of the dominance of group identity and its return to the individual as a privileged site for cultural multiplicity—can offer guideposts for conceptualizing ‘individual’ diversity without underplaying the role of class, religion, and community. Several contributions to the volume view some of the ‘cosmopolitan’ genealogies of transculturalism cautiously, such as elitist individualism and utopianism, teleologically structured conceptualizations of humanism, and an indiscriminating belief in the ascendency of human universals. Nevertheless, highlighting particular understandings of transculturalism in interpretations of significant literary texts from the Middle Ages to the 21st century amounts, once again and by no small measure, to a political decision—one that historically has often been prompted by a search for commonalities as a basis for the design of universal human rights, international law, transnational structures, and global education.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; Transculturalism ; Commonality ; Transnationalism ; Cultural Memory ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: From a biological perspective, the subterranean realm is one of the less studied, but at the same time, one of the most promising, theatres for new findings and research. Compared to those on the surface, the ecological conditions occurring in subterranean habitats are relatively simple, and this may be an optimal scenario for understanding the mechanisms allowing the colonization, adaptation, and evolution of species, as well as their interactions within local communities. Diversity in subterranean habitats is often overlooked, and few studies embrace whole communities or try to assess functional relationships between species. This Special Issue reprint comprises papers covering a wide range of aspects related to the distribution, composition, and roles of subterranean communities occurring in different typologies of subterranean habitats.
    Keywords: cave biology ; subterranean habitats ; vertebrates ; invertebrates ; community dynamics ; biospeleology ; hypogean ; conservation ; biodiversity ; troglobite ; troglophile ; trogloxene ; extreme environment ; niche ; epikarst ; classification trees ; Copepoda ; random forests ; Diptera ; Limonia ; Limonia nubeculosa ; Neolimonia ; Trichoceridea ; cave community ; prey ; food resources ; occupancy ; abundance ; Astyanax ; Spelaeomysis ; Troglomexicanus ; Speocirolana ; Toro cave ; Sierra de El Abra ; troglomorphy ; stygobite ; fieldwork ; wild fish ; comparative biology ; behavior ; troglomorphism ; olfactory test ; infrared movies ; amino acids ; chondroitin ; plasticity ; cybernetics ; ecology ; cavefish ; dissolved oxygen ; cave evolution ; Astyanax mexicanus ; Ostracoda ; Yucatán Peninsula ; cenotes ; mitochondrial marker ; geometric morphometrics ; population ecology ; growth ; movements ; São Domingos karst area ; subterranean fishes ; evolution ; origin of troglobites ; Brazil ; subterranean biology ; environmental science ; biogeography ; distribution records ; groundwater ; underwater caves ; cenote ; mysid ; stygobiont ; bioindicator ; accidental cave visitors ; Arachnida ; Araneae ; arid ; levant ; Mediterranean ; species diversity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Over the last few decades, the Mediterranean Diet (MD), characterized by a high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, dairy products and non-refined cereals, a moderate intake of fish and poultry, and a low intake of red meat and sweets, has been recognized as a model for healthy eating. Indeed, adhering to the MD reduces the risk of metabolic and non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity cardiovascular disease and cancer. As an integral part of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle, regular physical activity (PA) is also associated with a reduced risk of chronic degenerative diseases, even if results often vary according to different types, duration and intensity or volume of PA. The World Health Organization recommends performing moderate-intensity PA for ≥150 min/week, and vigorous-intensity PA for ≥2 days/week to have these health benefits. It is viable to hypothesize that promoting adherence to the MD along with PA guidelines might provide a more comprehensive endorsement to obtain greater health benefits, over and above those acquired separately by the MD and PA. Thus, the ongoing promotion and monitoring of the MD pattern, including eating habits and PA, is crucially important at all life stages. Potential topics may include, but are not limited to, examining the impact of adherence to the MD and PA on health in different life stages as well as on metabolic risk factors and subsequent disease outcomes.
    Keywords: Mediterranean diet ; adherence ; Portuguese immigrants ; California ; Mediterranean Diet ; sustainable diet ; food frequency questionnaire ; diet self-perception ; socioeconomic profile ; health status ; adult population ; deprivation index ; lifestyle ; diet ; physical activity ; BMI ; socioeconomic status ; dietary supplements ; fitness ; MDSS ; IPAQ-SF ; cancer ; diet patterns ; cohort study ; epidemiology ; children ; youth ; kindergarten ; primary school ; secondary school ; faculty ; diabetes ; pediatrics ; food ; nutrition ; glucose ; weight ; blood pressure ; adolescence ; metabolic profile ; awareness ; health ; geographical location ; ethnic ; nutrition guidelines ; chronic disease ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens.
    Keywords: daily light integral ; cucumber seedling ; seedling quality ; flower development ; boron ; application methods ; growth ; fruit quality ; tomato ; protected greenhouse ; soilless culture ; poultry manure ; yield enhancement ; cucumber ; univariate analysis ; multivariate analysis ; nutrient uptake ; sweet onion ; nerokremmydo ; aeroponic ; floating ; nutrient film technique ; bulb ; application rate ; nitrate ; organic acid ; soil-borne pathogens ; soil pH ; sulfate ; growth rate ; root morphology ; ammonium to nitrate ratio ; nutrient solution composition ; nitrogen efficiency ; net assimilation rate (NAR) ; leaf nitrogen ; fruit temperature ; dry matter ; chlorophyll ; microbial activity ; organic fertilizer ; plastic shed cultivation system ; reductive soil disinfestation ; soil quality ; aromatic substances ; carbon exportation ; flavor quality ; nutrient and function indicator ; overall appearance ; microbial community ; microbial function ; co-occurrence network ; soil ecosystem ; alternate drip irrigation under mulch ; water ; zeolite amount ; tomato growth ; water use efficiency ; principal component ; solar radiation ; humidity ; temperature ; irrigation water use efficiency ; yield ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Micromixers are an important component in micrototal analysis systems and lab-on-a-chip platforms which are widely used for sample preparation and analysis, drug delivery, and biological and chemical synthesis. The Special Issue "Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Micromixers II" published in Micromachines covers new mechanisms, numerical and/or experimental mixing analysis, design, and fabrication of various micromixers. This reprint includes an editorial, two review papers, and eleven research papers reporting on five active and six passive micromixers. Three of the active micromixers have electrokinetic driving force, but the other two are activated by mechanical mechanism and acoustic streaming. Three studies employs non-Newtonian working fluids, one of which deals with nano-non-Newtonian fluids. Most of the cases investigated micromixer design.
    Keywords: microfluidics ; micro-mixer ; micro-jet ; XFEL ; molecular imaging ; sample delivery ; steric effect ; power-law fluids ; boundary slip ; oscillatory electroosmotic flow ; mass transport rate ; passive mixing ; curved mixing structure ; confocal microscopy ; mixing efficiency ; light-actuated AC electroosmosis (LACE) ; microfluidic mixer ; optical virtual electrode ; electrokinetics ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; 3D printing ; spiral micromixers ; dean flow ; trapezoidal cross-section ; mixing index ; convection and diffusion ; Kenics micromixer ; numerical simulation ; non-Newtonian fluids ; CMC solutions ; low Reynolds number ; passive micro-mixer ; mixing unit ; cross flow direction ; baffle impingement ; swirl motion ; mixing performance ; mixing ; micromixer ; density control ; lab on a chip ; pneumatically driven ; acoustic streaming ; acoustofluidics ; computational fluid dynamics ; artificial cilia ; flow manipulation ; biological/medical applications ; chaotic micromixer ; Nano-Non-Newtonian fluid ; mass mixing index ; thermal mixing index ; low generalized Reynolds number ; minimal mixing energy cost ; degree of mixing (DOM) ; modified Tesla micromixer ; tip clearance ; symmetric counter-rotating vortices ; drag and connection of interface ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: It is crucial that scientists and engineers develop their expertise and capability through research and practice to quantify the interaction of infrastructure with the surroundings and the ground upon which they are founded. Therefore, the engineering concept ‘soil–structure interaction’ forms an integral part of delivering successful project outcomes. As the Lead and Honorary Editor for this Special Issue, Soil–Structure Interaction, I cordially invited the submission of esteemed articles related to recent projects, research, or case studies. These articles detail how geosciences (soil, rock, ground water, geochemistry, geology, hydrogeology, surface run-off, rain, wind, and temperature) directly interact with and impact the performance of human-made structures, buildings, or infrastructure through the following aspects: i) Underground construction; ii) Innovative ground improvement methods; iii) Geological explorations and interpretation; iv) Instrumentation and field observational method; v) Use of artificial intelligence or algorithms; vi) Forensic engineering or inverse-analysis methods; vii) Geophysical methods for soil or rock characterization; viii) Advancement in laboratory and field testing of geomaterials; ix) Advancement in numerical analysis; x) Advancement in multi-disciplinary design theories, codes of practice, and engineering education.
    Keywords: large diameter bored pile ; finite element method ; load transfer ; failure mechanism ; overconsolidated stiff clay ; two dimensional axisymmetric ; drained and undrained conditions ; deep excavation ; contiguous bored pile wall ; capping beam ; groundwater ; wall permeability ; elastic settlement ; shallow foundations ; rigid footings ; contact pressure ; equivalent shape ; seismic response analysis ; soil structure interaction ; continuum mechanics ; structural mechanics ; soil spring ; high performance computing ; unbound granular materials (UGMs) ; degree of saturation (DOS) ; repeated load triaxial test (RLT) ; resilient modulus ; plastic strain ; dispersion curve ; shear wave ; seismic dilatometer ; soil mechanics ; in situ test ; biopolymer-treated soils ; soil improvement ; geotechnical properties ; biopolymer soil interaction ; soft soil behaviour ; soft soil stabilisation ; silt content ; unconfined compressive strength ; consolidated undrained strength ; microstructure analysis ; interface shear test ; surface roughness ; critical roughness ; random or ribbed surface roughness ; friction development ; PIV technology ; load–settlement response ; bi-directional static load test ; supercell ; analytical solution ; Randolph method ; the modified closed-form analytical solutions ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint of the Special Issue "Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics", includes an Editorial and fifteen high-quality papers published between April 2022 and April 2023 by global researchers. This collection addresses scholars and students interested in current progresses in taxonomy and systematics, which are crucial for all plant applications.
    Keywords: alpine species ; chromosome number ; Irano-Turanian region ; biogeography ; rapid radiation ; Veronica ; endemism ; morphometrics ; image analysis ; molecular analysis ; niche similarity ; nomenclature ; Magnoliaceae ; chloroplast genome ; phylogenomics ; intergeneric relationship ; Crassula ; Crassulaceae ; plastome ; codon usage ; codon aversion ; DNA barcoding ; evolutionary rates ; phylogeny ; Adonanthe ; molecular phylogeny ; taxonomy ; steppic plant ; demographic systematics ; ethology ; evolution ; natural selection ; next-generation sequencing ; ordination ; reproductive isolation ; sexual deceit ; speciation ; species circumscription ; Astragalus subgenus Hypoglottis ; Leguminosae ; Iran ; rapid diversification ; section Hypoglottidei ; section Stereothrix ; Australia ; carnivorous plants ; non-core Caryophyllales ; Nepenthales ; sundews ; typification ; Adelieae ; Argythamnia ; Caperonia ; Caperonieae ; Chiropetalum ; Ditaxeae ; Ditaxis ; phylogenetics ; Philyra ; Arecaceae ; Bentinckia ; biogeographic analysis ; karyomorphology ; Asteraceae ; ecology ; ddRADseq ; geography ; leaf morphology ; polyploidy ; chromosome numbers ; Crocus heuffelianus group ; Crocus series Verni ; dysploidy ; genome size ; genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) ; morphometry ; apomixis ; hybridisation ; multiple origins ; Sorbus austriaca ; genomics ; geometric morphometrics ; Ranunculus auricomus ; taxonomically complex groups (TCGs) ; arid lands ; Cactaceae ; colonization ; Mammillaria ; Mexican Plateau ; Miocene ; Pleistocene ; recent diversification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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  • 90
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book is a collection of a group of peer-reviewed scientific papers dealing with both the evaluation and the solution of the complex but pressing problem of water source pollution. In the case of both fresh and marine water, the environmental and health protection aspects are closely linked. Monitoring activities supply continuous information on the contamination levels in inland surface, ground, and coastal waters, providing an alert in case of increased or new contamination and monitoring the effectiveness of remediation strategies. On the other hand, new or improved remediation and bioremediation tools are urgently needed to tackle the scarcity of safe drinking water. The papers in this book represent interesting starting points for future researches.
    Keywords: acute toxicity ; Daphnia magna ; electrochemical oxidation ; emerging contaminants ; methiocarb ; glucocorticoids ; TiO2-solar light degradation ; freshwater pollution ; photoproducts ; matrix constituents ; human health analysis ; water contamination ; water quality model ; hydraulic model ; WDS ; water quality sensors ; agrochemicals ; photo-reactor ; advanced oxidation processes ; water pollution ; point sources ; antioxidant enzymes ; pharmaceutical residues ; pesticides ; detergents ; integrative indexes ; groundwater pollution ; pollution costs ; economic environmental protection instruments ; physico-chemical parameters ; heavy metals ; health risk index ; Pearson coefficients ; adsorption ; dye ; MWCNT ; kinetics ; isotherm models ; thermodynamic ; bioaccumulation ; Lake Chapala ; carp ; catfish ; PTWI ; bioremediation ; ecotoxicology ; Gibbula umbilicalis ; marine bacteria ; tributyltin ; TBT-tolerance ; microalgae ; Vibrio fisheri ; benzenesulfonamide ; benzothiazole ; benzotriazole ; biotoxicity tests ; ferrous lactate ; in situ chemical reduction ; trichloroethylene (TCE) ; green and sustainable remediation (GSR) ; 1,4-dioxane ; dynamic ; pollution ; dumping site ; transport phenomena ; superfund ; enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) ; dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) ; chlorinated hydrocarbons ; tetrachloroethene (PCE) ; trichloroethene (TCE) ; dichloroethene (DCE) ; anaerobic reduction ; metagenomics ; microplastics ; largemouth bass ; growth ; intestinal morphology ; intestinal microbiota ; PCBs ; monitoring ; biomonitoring ; statistical analysis ; Lake Baikal ; passive sampling ; trace contaminants ; seawater ; chromatography–mass spectrometry ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The community of biologists has been eager to realize the promise of DNA barcodes since the concept was first proposed in 2003. As we approach twenty years of DNA barcoding, their application continues to increase, and methods continue to be developed that utilize this ever-expanding resource for multiple fields of biology. The nearly ten million DNA barcodes available today provide a database that is especially useful for ecology and evolutionary biology. Thanks to these large and well-curated DNA barcode resources, fundamental biological questions can be more rigorously addressed regarding community evolution, assembly, herbivory, pollination, and species interactions across and among diverse habitats and organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. This reprint illustrates the wide variety of applications of DNA barcodes, especially in plants, to tackle research topics in ecology, evolutionary biology, plant–animal interactions, taxonomy, conservation, and ethnobotany.
    Keywords: alien woody plants ; horizon scanning ; DNA barcode ; predicting invasion success ; environmental policy ; propagule pressure ; trophic interactions ; diet specialization ; DNA barcoding ; bush cricket ; Barro Colorado Island ; Panama ; katydid ; tropical trees ; grass pollen ; metabarcoding ; plant barcodes ; high-throughput sequencing ; species interactions ; symbioses ; behavioral ecology ; elephant (Loxodonta africana) ; ForestGEO ; geographic mosaic of species interactions ; phylogenetic community ecology ; landscape ecology ; megaherbivores ; phylogenetic signal ; plant–herbivore interactions ; montane forest ; Ngel Nyaki ; species identification ; biobanking ; GenBank ; ITS2 ; matK ; psbA-trnH ; rbcL ; viridiplantae ; DNA metabarcoding ; pollen ; pollinators ; pollen metabarcoding ; plant–pollinator interactions ; honeybees ; bumblebees ; hoverflies ; medicinal plants ; nuclear barcode ; plastid barcodes ; unsupervised learning ; supervised learning ; ASTRAL ; biological collections ; cryptic species ; diversification ; fungal barcoding ; fungarium ; historical specimens ; natural history collections ; phenotype ; heathlands ; phylogenetic diversity ; barcoding ; phylogeny ; conservation ; refugia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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  • 92
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book focuses on how and why digital games and gambling are increasingly intertwined and asks “does this matter?” Looking at how “loot boxes” became the poster child for the convergence of gambling and gaming, Wardle traces how we got here. She argues that the intersection between gambling and gaming cultures has a long lineage, one that can be traced back throughout the 20th century but also incorporates more recent trends like the poker boom of the 1990s, the development of social media gambling products and the development of skin betting markets. Underpinned by changing technology, which facilitated new ways to bet, trade and play, the intersection between gaming and gambling cultures and products has accelerated within the last decade – and shows little signs of stopping. Wardle explores what this means for our understanding of risk, how gaming and gambling entities use each other for commercial advantage, and crucially explores what young people think of this, before making recommendations for action.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Internet ; Online ; Australia ; UK ; USA ; Reward ; Risk ; Money ; E-sports ; Leisure ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC1 Popular culture ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBS Sociology: sport and leisure ; thema EDItEUR::S Sports and Active outdoor recreation
    Language: English
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Few neurotransmitter systems have fascinated as much as the opioid system (i.e., opioid ligands and their receptors). Over the years, scientific studies of the endogenous opioid system have uncovered a complex and subtle system that exhibits impressive diversity, based on its critical role in modulating a large number of sensory, motivational, emotional and cognitive functions. Additionally, its important therapeutic value for the treatment of many human disorders, including pain, affective and addictive disorders, and gastrointestinal motility disorders, has been of persistent interest. This book specifically covers a broad area of the opioid research, offering up-to-date and new perspectives about opioid drug discovery. The diversity among the discussed topics ranging from medicinal chemistry to opioid pharmacology, from basic science to translational research, is a testimony to the complexity of the opioid system that results from the expression, regulation and functional role of opioid ligands and their receptors. This book will serve as a useful reference to scientists while also stimulating continuous research in the chemistry and pharmacology of the opioid system, with the prospective for finding improved therapies of human diseases where the opioid system plays a central role.
    Keywords: thiazole ; piperazine ; tail-clip ; hot-plate ; acetic acid-induced writhing test ; opioid ; prodynorphin ; epigenetics ; transcription ; human brain ; morphine dosing ; behavior ; locomotor activity ; tolerance ; µ-opioid receptor ; DAMGO ; SR-17018 ; buprenorphine ; nalbuphine ; kappa opioid receptor agonist ; pruritis ; scratching ; mice ; TAT-HIV ; cholestasis ; chloroquine ; deoxycholic acid ; analgesic ; δ opioid receptor ; G-protein-biased agonist ; opioid peptide ; rubiscolins ; µ-opioid analgesics ; angiotensin receptors ; chronic pain ; neuropathic pain ; delta opioid receptor ; inverse agonist ; irreversible antagonist ; non-competitive antagonist ; molecular pharmacology ; free fatty acid receptors ; lipids ; opioid receptor ; colitis ; chemotype ; high-throughput screen ; allosteric modulation ; beta-arrestin ; molecular dynamics ; opioid receptors ; β-amino acids ; peptide synthesis ; receptor binding studies ; functional assay ; nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor ; NOP receptor ; ligands ; nociceptin ; N/OFQ ; analgesia ; GPCR ; HS-731 ; peripheral opioid agonist ; binding ; selectivity ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamics simulations ; n/a ; fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) ; G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ; serotonin ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy is organized into twelve articles that explore therapeutic potential of different natural products from land and marine. The articles contain highly detailed coverage of information that has been overseen by an editorial board made up of well-respected, field-leading experts. The content in this book offers readers an in-depth and easily accessible reference work on every aspect of natural product research surrounding the pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacognosy, and bioinformatics of all natural products and their scaffolds, their mechanism of action, and their therapeutic values. These elements are essential to be selected as future drugs are almost never tested and developed in the actual therapeutic system, but rather in test systems from which parameters must be determined to predict activity in systems of varying ambient physiology. As different technologies rapidly evolve, there is an ever-increasing level of knowledge about the natural products, along with increasing capability to utilize bioactive molecules to predict new drugs against chronic diseases, all of which must be communicated to professionals in varying fields.
    Keywords: guaiane dimer ; melanoma ; molecular docking ; ADMET ; MM-GBSA ; marine drugs ; diabetes mellitus ; cancer ; cardiovascular disorders ; neurodegeneration ; shrimp (Penaeus Chinensis) ; peptides ; immunosuppression gut microbiota ; cyclophosphamide ; gut health ; prostate cancer ; nummularic acid ; docking ; apoptosis ; BAX ; p53 ; echimidine ; echimidine isomers ; hepatotoxicity ; Echium plantagineum L. ; rat hepatocytes primary culture ; Fragaria indica ; α-glucosidase ; α-amylase ; antioxidant ; bioactives ; antidiabetic ; diabetes ; antibacterial activity ; total phenolic contents ; total flavonoid contents ; DPPH ; ABTS ; antidiabetic enzymes ; HPLC-UV ; GC-MS ; endogenous hydrogen sulfide ; breast cancer ; signaling pathway ; tumor growth ; Michael products ; anti-inflammatory ; analgesic ; carrageenan ; COX-2 ; 5-LOX ; Pleurospermum candollei ; natural compounds ; thrombolytic ; antibacterial ; pharmaceuticals ; berbamine ; bergapten ; carveol ; paclitaxel ; ELISA ; Western blot ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 95
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Robust stress from the external environment does not only induce severe oxidative stress for aquatic animals, but also restricts the health and sustainable development of aquaculture. Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in aquatic animals, and excessive oxidative stress could induce cell and tissue damage. These phenomena manifest primarily as DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis. In general, endogenous and exogenous factors are the main elements that induce oxidative stress, including temperature, oxygen, life history, nutrition, food deprivation, industrial and agricultural pollutants. This Special Issue highlights and discusses the causes of oxidative stress, elucidates the underlying physiological mechanisms, and develops antioxidant resistance strategies that are of great importance for the development of aquaculture. More importantly, this Special Issue offers fresh perspectives on the expanding knowledge related to and research possibilities in the creation of antioxidant resistance in aquaculture
    Keywords: Aquatic animals ; Oxidative stress ; Regulatory mechanism ; Resist approach ; Stress biomarker ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Perennial woody plants usually face multifactorial adverse conditions during their long lifespan, which impairs their growth and productivity. To cope with these adverse conditions, trees deploy morphyological, physiological and molecular responses to adapt to the environmental constraints. By using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic approaches, many hub genes that are involved in stress response were identified. In recent years, with the advantages of transgenic technology in woody plants, many candidate genes participating in stress responses were functionally characterized and showed great potential for tree improvement under different stresses. On the other hand, cultivation strategies (including beneficial microorganism investigation, beneficial microorganism inoculation, mixed forest and so on) also play crucial roles in tree improvement under abiotic and biotic stress.
    Keywords: Salix matsudana ; NaCl stress ; salt tolerance index ; salt tolerance gene ; transcriptome sequencing ; gene ; water deficit ; fertilization ; aquaporins ; auxin ; abscisic acid ; poplar ; walnut oil ; fatty acid ; micronutrients ; secondary metabolites ; variation ; genetic effect ; climatic factors ; SpsNAC005 gene ; Populus × hopeiensis Hu & Chow ; Salix ; stress tolerance ; Juglans regia ; biomass ; soil contamination ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant enzymes ; Santalum album L. ; auxin response factors ; qRT-PCR ; drought ; phytoremediation ; root architecture ; antioxidant enzyme activity ; chlorophyll ; photosynthesis ; fine-root distribution ; plant-available water ; hydraulic characteristics ; Robinia pseudoacacia ; Loess Plateau ; nitrogen forms ; Cunninghamia lanceolata ; Schima superba ; morphological characteristics of root system ; pecan ; scion growth ; regulation ; epigenetics ; whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) ; mulberry ; MaTCP transcription factor ; drought tolerance ; root development ; transcription factor ; PtrWRKY51 ; salt tolerance ; photosynthetic rate ; water-use efficiency ; Paulownia fortunei ; PP2C family ; identification ; hormone treatment ; expression analysis ; drip fertigation ; optimized furrow fertilization ; soil nitrogen ; fine root traits ; poplar plantation ; Camellia oil ; foliar fertilizer ; nutrient-poor ; physiology ; organ-specific ; secondary metabolism ; transcriptome ; zinc stress ; sexual dimorphism ; siblings ; gene regulation ; ROS scavenging ; Populus × euramericana ; Camellia oleifera ; boron deficiency ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) ; root morphology ; physiological parameters ; grafting ; salt stress ; gas exchange ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; Hibiscus syriacus Linn. ; Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The oomycete genus Phytophthora represents one of the most notorious groups of tree pathogens in natural and semi-natural forest ecosystems. Since the discovery in the 1960s of the invasive P. cinnamomi, threatening some of the world’s richest plant communities in Australia, numerous Phytophthora diseases have been reported on forest trees worldwide, which were previously unknown to science. The most notable examples include the oak and beech declines triggered by different Phytophthora spp. in Europe and North America, the findings of sudden oak death and sudden larch death caused by P. ramorum in the Western USA and the U.K., respectively, and the association of P. austrocedri with mal del ciprés in Argentina and juniper decline in the U.K. All these epidemic events are driven by exotic invasive Phytophthora species, introduced through infested nursery plants from their native overseas environments. In recent years, many independent surveys have studied the diversity of Phytophthora species and the diseases they are causing across a diverse range of forests and other natural ecosystems. This Special Issue presents papers on Phytophthora surveys performed in different biogeographic regions and addresses the pathways, and ecological and economic impacts of these invasive forest pathogens.
    Keywords: soilborne pathogens ; pathways ; Populus ; Phytophthora plurivora ; Phytophthora pini ; pathogenicity tests ; biomass allocation ; dehesas ; drought ; montados ; oak decline ; plant traits ; root rot ; invasive species ; natural ecosystems ; streams ; vegetation type ; baiting ; ITS region ; leaf decay ; oomycetes ; aquatic fungi ; trophic specialization ; saprotroph ; pathogen ; parasite ; Phytophthora ; diversity ; wild apple forest ; decline ; forest disease monitoring ; holm oak decline ; biosecurity ; breeding systems ; hybridization ; Phytophthora cinnamomi ; biogeography ; center of origin ; GLMM ; tree mortality ; root rot. ; plantation ; open forests ; Phytophthora ×cambivora ; bark canker ; ectomycorrhiza ; cork oak ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The direction of fiber orientation plays a crucial role in deciding the mechanical performance of textile structural composites. Unlike conventional composite materials, geometrically oriented textile structures, e.g., woven, knitted, and braided constructions, can be designed and developed for load bearing in a particular direction. Their properties can be enhanced by modifying the geometry and material composition. One major challenge in producing textile structural composites with superior mechanical properties at a reasonably lower price is cost effective prepreg. Composites constructed from reinforcement having a well-defined geometry perform better than randomly oriented fibers at a reasonable cost. Their flex fatigue is superior to conventional preforms in specific applications. This Special Issue invites research as well as review articles dealing with different types of (2D, 3D, multiaxial) woven, knitted, and braided structures for load bearing structural composite applications. Use of industrial multifilament yarns of pure and hybrid composition in textile geometrical reinforcement structures can also be included. The methods of impregnation of such structures by thermoplastic and thermoset resins should be described. The superior performance in such structural composites must be highlighted. Methods of characterizing woven, knitted, and braided textile reinforced composites is the focus of this issue. Current and future applications of advanced textile structural composites can be summarized in the submitted articles. Theoretical (computational, numerical simulation etc.) as well as experimental work can be submitted with sufficient scientific innovation.
    Keywords: hybrid composite ; polyester waste fiber ; olive root fiber ; coir pith filler ; building materials ; mixture design analysis ; recycled cotton ; glass ; hollow knitted composite ; compression ; flexural modulus ; impact energy ; quasi-static test ; cyclic fatigue ; wavy-lap bond ; natural cotton fabric ; polymer composite ; mechanical properties ; service life ; safety ; SEM ; pressure-actuated cellular structure ; shape morphing ; compliant mechanism ; anisotropic flexure hinges ; textile-reinforced polymer composite ; integrally woven structure ; resin ; glass cloth ; substrate ; glass transition temperature ; surface finish ; pad cratering ; thermal resistance ; textile structural composite ; 3D weaving ; hollow structure ; spacer fabric ; woven honeycomb ; sandwich ; waste cotton ; impact ; flexural rigidity ; hybrid woven reinforcement ; preforming ; carbon-Kevlar ; epoxy resin ; add-on (%) ; amount of hardener (%) ; curing temperature ; curing time ; molding pressure ; fiber composites ; FRP ; architecture ; architectured materials ; hysteresis ; auxetic ; non-Newtonian fluids ; low-velocity impact ; personal protection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Each year, natural hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, severe storms, and drought, , affect humans worldwide, resulting in deaths, suffering, and economic losses. According to insurance broker Aon, 2010–2019 was the worst decade on record for economic losses due to disasters triggered by natural hazards, amounting to USD 3 trillion, which is USD 1 trillion more than for the period of 2000–2009. In 2019, the economic losses from disasters caused by natural hazards were estimated at over USD 200 billion (UNDRR Annual Report, 2019). In this context, remote sensing shows high potential to provide valuable information, at various spatial and temporal scales, concerning natural processes and their associated risks. The recent advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and techniques, are strongly contributing to the development of natural hazards research. With this Special Issue titled “Remote Sensing for Natural Hazards Assessment and Control”, we proposed state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing (RS) for Natural Hazards (NH). The aim was therefore to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, monitor, and model natural hazards. The present Special Issue of Remote Sensing encompasses 18 open access papers presenting scientific studies based on the exploitation of a broad range of RS data and techniques, as well as focusing on a well-assorted sample of NH types.
    Keywords: wildfires ; hillslope erosion ; satellite imagery ; rainfall erosivity ; RUSLE ; rockfall source areas ; identification ; relief ; slope angle ; rock mass strength ; rockfall susceptibility ; land subsidence ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; InSAR ; machine learning algorithm ; meta-heuristics ; Iran ; k-Nearest Neighbor ; Random Forest ; fires ; Landsat 8 ; Sentinel 2 ; Terra ; ASTER ; MODIS ; burned ; mapping ; hazard chain ; turbidity ; suspended sediment detection ; extreme climate events ; tailing dam risk management ; spatiotemporal pattern mining ; El Niño ; remote sensing ; geographic information system ; flash floods ; visual analysis ; SAR offset tracking ; glacier surface velocity ; glacier instability ; glacier hazards ; ice avalanches ; ENSO ; glacier mass balance ; glacier surface energy ; earthquake ; coseismic effects ; field line resonance ; acoustic gravity waves ; lithosphere-magnetosphere coupling ; burnt area monitoring ; Australia ; Sydney ; wildfire ; earth observation ; mid-resolution sensors ; time series analysis ; burn severity ; climate zones ; deep learning ; PRISMA ; burned area ; Sentinel-2 ; morphological operator ; convolutional neural network ; casualty prediction ; importance assessment ; spatial division ; support vector regression ; digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; displacement mapping ; UAS ; risk assessment ; random forest ; DInSAR ; Yan’an city ; settlement prediction ; reclaimed land ; exponential model ; Asaoka method ; wide-area deformation ; deformation detection ; time-series InSAR ; stacking ; Turpan–Hami basin ; heavy rainfall ; shallow landslides ; TRIGRS model ; spatial distribution ; susceptibility assessment ; Longchuan County ; Guangdong Province ; MT-InSAR ; ground deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1A/B ; image partition ; block adjustment ; Gaofen-2 ; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ; freeze–thaw processes ; permafrost ; Qilian Mountains ; natural hazards ; hazard ; vulnerability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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