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  • Articles  (36)
  • Phytoplankton  (35)
  • J24
  • J31
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  • 2020-2023  (36)
  • 1
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    Bioactive trace metals and their isotopes as paleoproductivity proxies: an assessment using GEOTRACES-era data (2022)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Horner, T. J., Little, S. H., Conway, T. M., Farmer, J. R., Hertzberg, J. E., Janssen, D. J., Lough, A. J. M., McKay, J. L., Tessin, A., Galer, S. J. G., Jaccard, S. L., Lacan, F., Paytan, A., Wuttig, K., & GEOTRACES–PAGES Biological Productivity Working Group Members (2021). Bioactive trace metals and their isotopes as paleoproductivity proxies: an assessment using GEOTRACES-era data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 35(11), e2020GB006814. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006814.
    Description: Phytoplankton productivity and export sequester climatically significant quantities of atmospheric carbon dioxide as particulate organic carbon through a suite of processes termed the biological pump. Constraining how the biological pump operated in the past is important for understanding past atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and Earth's climate history. However, reconstructing the history of the biological pump requires proxies. Due to their intimate association with biological processes, several bioactive trace metals and their isotopes are potential proxies for past phytoplankton productivity, including iron, zinc, copper, cadmium, molybdenum, barium, nickel, chromium, and silver. Here, we review the oceanic distributions, driving processes, and depositional archives for these nine metals and their isotopes based on GEOTRACES-era datasets. We offer an assessment of the overall maturity of each isotope system to serve as a proxy for diagnosing aspects of past ocean productivity and identify priorities for future research. This assessment reveals that cadmium, barium, nickel, and chromium isotopes offer the most promise as tracers of paleoproductivity, whereas iron, zinc, copper, and molybdenum do not. Too little is known about silver to make a confident determination. Intriguingly, the trace metals that are least sensitive to productivity may be used to track other aspects of ocean chemistry, such as nutrient sources, particle scavenging, organic complexation, and ocean redox state. These complementary sensitivities suggest new opportunities for combining perspectives from multiple proxies that will ultimately enable painting a more complete picture of marine paleoproductivity, biogeochemical cycles, and Earth's climate history.
    Description: T. J. Horner acknowledges support from NSF; S. H. Little from the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P018181/1); T. M. Conway from the University of South Florida; and, J. R. Farmer from the Max Planck Society, the Tuttle Fund of the Department of Geosciences of Princeton University, the Grand Challenges Program of the Princeton Environmental Institute, and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment of Princeton University.
    Keywords: Biological pump ; Marine chemistry ; Biogeochemical cycles ; Micronutrients ; Phytoplankton ; Paleoceanography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 2
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    Phytoplankton surveys in the Arctic Fram Strait demonstrate the tiny eukaryotic alga Micromonas and other picoprasinophytes contribute to deep sea export (2022)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Bachy, C., Sudek, L., Choi, C. J., Eckmann, C. A., Nöthig, E.-M., Metfies, K., & Worden, A. Z. Phytoplankton surveys in the Arctic Fram Strait demonstrate the tiny eukaryotic alga Micromonas and other picoprasinophytes contribute to deep sea export. Microorganisms, 10(5), (2022): 961, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050961.
    Description: Critical questions exist regarding the abundance and, especially, the export of picophytoplankton (≤2 µm diameter) in the Arctic. These organisms can dominate chlorophyll concentrations in Arctic regions, which are subject to rapid change. The picoeukaryotic prasinophyte Micromonas grows in polar environments and appears to constitute a large, but variable, proportion of the phytoplankton in these waters. Here, we analyze 81 samples from the upper 100 m of the water column from the Fram Strait collected over multiple years (2009–2015). We also analyze sediment trap samples to examine picophytoplankton contributions to export, using both 18S rRNA gene qPCR and V1-V2 16S rRNA Illumina amplicon sequencing to assess the Micromonas abundance within the broader diversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes based on the phylogenetic placement of plastid-derived 16S amplicons. The material sequenced from the sediment traps in July and September 2010 showed that 11.2 ± 12.4% of plastid-derived amplicons are from picoplanktonic prasinophyte algae and other green lineage (Viridiplantae) members. In the traps, Micromonas dominated (83.6 ± 21.3%) in terms of the overall relative abundance of Viridiplantae amplicons, specifically the species Micromonas polaris. Temporal variations in Micromonas abundances quantified by qPCR were also observed, with higher abundances in the late-July traps and deeper traps. In the photic zone samples, four prasinophyte classes were detected in the amplicon data, with Micromonas again being the dominant prasinophyte, based on the relative abundance (89.4 ± 8.0%), but with two species (M. polaris and M. commoda-like) present. The quantitative PCR assessments showed that the photic zone samples with higher Micromonas abundances (〉1000 gene copies per mL) had significantly lower standing stocks of phosphate and nitrate, and a shallower average depth (20 m) than those with fewer Micromonas. This study shows that despite their size, prasinophyte picophytoplankton are exported to the deep sea, and that Micromonas is particularly important within this size fraction in Arctic marine ecosystems.
    Description: This research was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB-1639033, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Investigator Award grant 3788, and fellowships from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Research at Harvard University and the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg for Marine and Climate Science, awarded to A.Z.W. Contribution to HGF POF-IV 6.1, 6.3, and 6.4.
    Keywords: Green algae ; Phytoplankton ; qPCR ; Sedimentation ; Carbon flux
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 3
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    Experiments on orientation of colonial diatom Stephanopyxis turris in Couette flow using hologram imagery analysis (2022)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Phytoplankton Orientation - Diatom Stephanopyxis
    Description: Data from experiments on orientation of colonial diatom Stephanopyxis turris in Couette flow using hologram imagery analysis. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/809515
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1657332
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Orientation ; Diatom ; Holography ; Stephanopyxis turris
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    The microbiological drivers of temporally dynamic Dimethylsulfoniopropionate cycling processes in Australian coastal shelf waters (2022)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in O’Brien, J., McParland, E. L., Bramucci, A. R., Ostrowski, M., Siboni, N., Ingleton, T., Brown, M. V., Levine, N. M., Laverock, B., Petrou, K., & Seymour, J. The microbiological drivers of temporally dynamic Dimethylsulfoniopropionate cycling processes in Australian coastal shelf waters. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, (2022): 894026, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.894026.
    Description: The organic sulfur compounds dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) play major roles in the marine microbial food web and have substantial climatic importance as sources and sinks of dimethyl sulfide (DMS). Seasonal shifts in the abundance and diversity of the phytoplankton and bacteria that cycle DMSP are likely to impact marine DMS (O) (P) concentrations, but the dynamic nature of these microbial interactions is still poorly resolved. Here, we examined the relationships between microbial community dynamics with DMS (O) (P) concentrations during a 2-year oceanographic time series conducted on the east Australian coast. Heterogenous temporal patterns were apparent in chlorophyll a (chl a) and DMSP concentrations, but the relationship between these parameters varied over time, suggesting the phytoplankton and bacterial community composition were affecting the net DMSP concentrations through differential DMSP production and degradation. Significant increases in DMSP were regularly measured in spring blooms dominated by predicted high DMSP-producing lineages of phytoplankton (Heterocapsa, Prorocentrum, Alexandrium, and Micromonas), while spring blooms that were dominated by predicted low DMSP-producing phytoplankton (Thalassiosira) demonstrated negligible increases in DMSP concentrations. During elevated DMSP concentrations, a significant increase in the relative abundance of the key copiotrophic bacterial lineage Rhodobacterales was accompanied by a three-fold increase in the gene, encoding the first step of DMSP demethylation (dmdA). Significant temporal shifts in DMS concentrations were measured and were significantly correlated with both fractions (0.2–2 μm and 〉2 μm) of microbial DMSP lyase activity. Seasonal increases of the bacterial DMSP biosynthesis gene (dsyB) and the bacterial DMS oxidation gene (tmm) occurred during the spring-summer and coincided with peaks in DMSP and DMSO concentration, respectively. These findings, along with significant positive relationships between dsyB gene abundance and DMSP, and tmm gene abundance with DMSO, reinforce the significant role planktonic bacteria play in producing DMSP and DMSO in ocean surface waters. Our results highlight the highly dynamic nature and myriad of microbial interactions that govern sulfur cycling in coastal shelf waters and further underpin the importance of microbial ecology in mediating important marine biogeochemical processes.
    Description: This research was supported by the Australian Research Council Grants FT130100218 and DP180100838 awarded to JS and DP140101045 awarded to JS and KP, as well as an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship awarded to JO’B.
    Keywords: DMSP ; DMS ; DLA ; Phytoplankton ; Bacteria ; qPCR ; 16S rRNA gene ; 18S rRNA gene
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 5
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    Oceanographic data from 12 monthly cruises off the Israeli coast in the east Mediterranean conducted between Feb 2018 and Jan 2019 at a continental shelf station (~140m depth) and an open-deep water station. (2022)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: SoMMoS dataset
    Description: Oceanographic data from 12 monthly cruises off the Israeli coast in the east Mediterranean. Cruises where conducted between Feb 2018 and Jan 2019. Data was collected from 2 stations, a continental shelf station (~140m depth) and an open-deep water station (~1450m depth) (THEMO1 station 33.040 N, 34.950 E, THEMO2 station 32.820 N, 34.380 E). For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/866995
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1635070
    Keywords: Eastern Mediterranean ; Levantine Basin ; Seasonal dynamics ; Primary productivity ; Bacterial productivity ; Phytoplankton ; Prochlorococcus ; Synechococcus ; Pico-eukaryotes ; Nutrients ; Pigments
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 6
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    Diel light cycles affect phytoplankton competition in the global ocean (2022)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Tsakalakis, I., Follows, M. J., Dutkiewicz, S., Follett, C. L., & Vallino, J. J. Diel light cycles affect phytoplankton competition in the global ocean. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 31(9), (2022): 1838-1849, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13562.
    Description: Aim Light, essential for photosynthesis, is present in two periodic cycles in nature: seasonal and diel. Although seasonality of light is typically resolved in ocean biogeochemical–ecosystem models because of its significance for seasonal succession and biogeography of phytoplankton, the diel light cycle is generally not resolved. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the impact of diel light cycles on phytoplankton competition and biogeography in the global ocean. Location Global ocean. Major taxa studied Phytoplankton. Methods We use a three-dimensional global ocean model and compare simulations of high temporal resolution with and without diel light cycles. The model simulates 15 phytoplankton types with different cell sizes, encompassing two broad ecological strategies: small cells with high nutrient affinity (gleaners) and larger cells with high maximal growth rate (opportunists). Both are grazed by zooplankton and limited by nitrogen, phosphorus and iron. Results Simulations show that diel cycles of light induce diel cycles in limiting nutrients in the global ocean. Diel nutrient cycles are associated with higher concentrations of limiting nutrients, by 100% at low latitudes (−40° to 40°), a process that increases the relative abundance of opportunists over gleaners. Size classes with the highest maximal growth rates from both gleaner and opportunist groups are favoured by diel light cycles. This mechanism weakens as latitude increases, because the effects of the seasonal cycle dominate over those of the diel cycle. Main conclusions Understanding the mechanisms that govern phytoplankton biogeography is crucial for predicting ocean ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycles. We show that the diel light cycle has a significant impact on phytoplankton competition and biogeography, indicating the need for understanding the role of diel processes in shaping macroecological patterns in the global ocean.
    Description: Simons Collaboration on Computational Biogeochemical Modeling of Marine Ecosystems supported M.J.F. and S.D. on CBIOMES grant #549931; C.L.F. on CBIOMES grants #827829 and #553242; and J.J.V. and I.T. on CBIOMES grant #549941. The National Science Foundation supported I.T. and J.J.V. on award #1558710 and J.J.V. on awards #1637630, #1655552 and #1841599.
    Keywords: Biogeography ; Diel light cycle ; Global ocean ; Modelling ; Nutrient cycles ; Phytoplankton ; Resource competition
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  • 7
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    Bacterioplankton diversity and distribution in relation to phytoplankton community structure in the Ross Sea surface waters (2022)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cordone, A., D’Errico, G., Magliulo, M., Bolinesi, F., Selci, M., Basili, M., de Marco, R., Saggiomo, M., Rivaro, P., Giovannelli, D., & Mangoni, O. Bacterioplankton diversity and distribution in relation to phytoplankton community structure in the Ross Sea surface waters. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, (2022): 722900, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.722900.
    Description: Primary productivity in the Ross Sea region is characterized by intense phytoplankton blooms whose temporal and spatial distribution are driven by changes in environmental conditions as well as interactions with the bacterioplankton community. However, the number of studies reporting the simultaneous diversity of the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in Antarctic waters are limited. Here, we report data on the bacterial diversity in relation to phytoplankton community structure in the surface waters of the Ross Sea during the Austral summer 2017. Our results show partially overlapping bacterioplankton communities between the stations located in the Terra Nova Bay (TNB) coastal waters and the Ross Sea Open Waters (RSOWs), with a dominance of members belonging to the bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. In the TNB coastal area, microbial communities were characterized by a higher abundance of sequences related to heterotrophic bacterial genera such as Polaribacter spp., together with higher phytoplankton biomass and higher relative abundance of diatoms. On the contrary, the phytoplankton biomass in the RSOW were lower, with relatively higher contribution of haptophytes and a higher abundance of sequences related to oligotrophic and mixothrophic bacterial groups like the Oligotrophic Marine Gammaproteobacteria (OMG) group and SAR11. We show that the rate of diversity change between the two locations is influenced by both abiotic (salinity and the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio) and biotic (phytoplankton community structure) factors. Our data provide new insight into the coexistence of the bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in Antarctic waters, suggesting that specific rather than random interaction contribute to the organic matter cycling in the Southern Ocean.
    Description: Samples were collected in the framework of Plankton biodiversity and functioning of the Ross Sea ecosystems in a changing Southern Ocean [P-ROSE – (PNRA16_00239)], and CDW Effects on glacial mElting and on Bulk of Fe in the Western Ross sea [CELEBeR – (PNRA16_00207)] projects – Italian National Antarctic Program – funded by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), awarded to OM and PR, respectively. MM was supported by an Earth-Life Science Institute (Tokyo, Japan) visiting fellowship. This work was partially supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 948972) to DG.
    Keywords: Bacterial diversity ; Bacterioplankton ; Phytoplankton ; Ross Sea ; Antarctica
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  • 8
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    Marine microeukaryotem metatranscriptomics: sample processing and bioinformatic workflow recommendations for ecological applications (2022)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cohen, N., Alexander, H., Krinos, A., Hu, S., & Lampe, R. Marine microeukaryotem metatranscriptomics: sample processing and bioinformatic workflow recommendations for ecological applications. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, (2022): 867007, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.867007.
    Description: Microeukaryotes (protists) serve fundamental roles in the marine environment as contributors to biogeochemical nutrient cycling and ecosystem function. Their activities can be inferred through metatranscriptomic investigations, which provide a detailed view into cellular processes, chemical-biological interactions in the environment, and ecological relationships among taxonomic groups. Established workflows have been individually put forth describing biomass collection at sea, laboratory RNA extraction protocols, and bioinformatic processing and computational approaches. Here, we present a compilation of current practices and lessons learned in carrying out metatranscriptomics of marine pelagic protistan communities, highlighting effective strategies and tools used by practitioners over the past decade. We anticipate that these guidelines will serve as a roadmap for new marine scientists beginning in the realms of molecular biology and/or bioinformatics, and will equip readers with foundational principles needed to delve into protistan metatranscriptomics.
    Description: We acknowledge funding support from the University of Georgia Skidaway Institute of Oceanography (to NRC), National Science Foundation (NSF) (OCE-1948025 to HA), and Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship (DE-SC0020347 to AIK). SKH participation was supported through NSF OCE-1947776.
    Keywords: Metatranscriptomics ; Phytoplankton ; Biological oceanography ; Microbial ecology ; Bioinformatics
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  • 9
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    Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton and mixotrophs in a temperate estuary (2022)
    Inter Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Millette, N. C., da Costa, M., Mora, J. W., & Gast, R. J. Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton and mixotrophs in a temperate estuary. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 677, (2021): 17–3,. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13850.
    Description: A significant proportion of phototrophic species are known to be mixotrophs: cells that obtain nutrients through a combination of photosynthesis and prey ingestion. Current methods to estimate mixotroph abundance in situ are known to be limited in their ability to help identify conditions that favor mixotrophs over strict autotrophs. For the first time, we combine microscopic analysis of phototrophic taxa with immunoprecipitated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled DNA amplicon sequencing to identify and quantify active and putative mixotrophs at 2 locations in a microtidal temperate estuary. We analyze these data to examine spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton and mixotrophs. Microscopy-based phototrophic diversity and abundances reveal expected seasonal patterns for our 2 stations, with the start of growth in winter and highest abundances in summer. Diatoms tend to dominate at the site with less stratification, while dinoflagellates and euglenids are usually more prominent at the stratified station. The BrdU-based mixotroph identifications are translated to the microscopy identification and abundances to estimate the proportion of mixotrophs (cells 〉10 µm in size) at both sites. The average proportion of potential mixotrophs is higher at the station with higher stratification (51%) compared to the station with lower stratification (30%), and potential mixotrophs tend to be higher in summer, although we did not conduct BrdU experiments in any of the other seasons. Combining the identification of active mixotrophs through the uptake of BrdU-labeled bacteria with robust abundance measurements can expand our understanding of mixotrophs across systems.
    Description: N.C.M. was funded by a Woods Hole Sea Grant Postdoctoral Fellowship (award number NA14OAR4170074), and M.dC. was funded by a WHOI Summer Student Fellowship. This is VIMS contribution number 4057.
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Mixotrophs ; Estuaries ; Chl a
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  • 10
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    Día Internacional de la Alfabetización 2018: mejorar los resultados de programas integrados de alfabetización y desarrollo de competencias. (2022)
    UNESCO | Paris, France
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-05
    Description: Este documento de trabajo examina los vínculos entre el aprendizaje de la alfabetización, el desarrollo de competencias y el mundo del trabajo, en línea con el tema del Día Internacional de la Alfabetización (ILD, por sus siglas en inglés) 2018. Su objetivo es identificar acciones de política que ayudan a integrar el aprendizaje de la alfabetización y el desarrollo de competencias, con el objetivo de apoyar las vías hacia el empleo.
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT Documento de trabajo preparado para la Conferencia Internacional sobre “Alfabetización y desarrollo de competencias” (París, 7 de septiembre de 2018)
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Desarrollo de competencias ; Alfabetización ; Educación ; Desempleo ; Igualdad de género
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
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  • 11
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    Toxic and harmful microalgae of the World Ocean. (2022)
    International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation | Copenhagen, Denmark
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-21
    Description: This monograph reviews marine micro-algal species from all origins around the globe for their toxic or harmful character. We have considered the ex-pressions toxic and harmful in their widest sense, and have classified them into five groups: (i) high biomass bloom-forming species (harm from oxy-gen depletion and/or physical effects), (ii) producers of toxins affecting man through food consumption, (iii) species harmful to man through direct contact, including aerosolised routes, (iv) microalgae toxic to other marine organisms (e.g. fish or invertebrates) and (v) those that do not cause any of the above problems but have been found to produce toxins in culture as assessed by bioassays or chemical analysis. With this classification, 174 taxa are listed. This study has been undertaken in the context of the work carried out by different task teams of the Intergovernmental Panel on Harmful Algal Blooms (IPHAB) of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC of UNES-CO). Many efforts have been made to retrieve information from the peer- reviewed literature; much information has also been found from extensive and systematic reading of grey literature, including conference proceed-ings (mainly International Conferences on Harmful Algae and International Conferences on Molluscan Shellfish Safety) and reports of the ICES Working Group on Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics. It is our intent that this review will serve the scientific community at large and provide a sound literature base for updating the IOC species list as appropriate. The references listed in this book will be made available to this community for regular updates. The authors are aware of the aims both of IPHAB to make a Global HAB Status Report and of GlobalHAB, a recent initiative to foster and enlarge research at the global scale to document and understand the changing occurrence and distribution of harmful algal blooms. In the first chapter, we reviewed literature to examine factors that may contribute to the changing distribution of harmful algal blooms around the planet. In addition to straightforward environmental factors such as nutri-ent loads and ratios, we also consider a number of more complex issues such as increased awareness and monitoring, ballast water discharges, climate change (including global warming) and overfishing. Subsequently, the liter-ature was examined for occurrence of individual species, and any apparent distributional changes. In this second part, a short taxonomic description is given for each species as well as its global distribution, major regional harmful or poisoning events and information on toxins produced, as appro-priate. We have found the numerous changes in taxonomic classification and associated name changes particularly challenging for assessing trends, and so have listed the basionym and syno nyms where appropriate. As this study aims to make a comprehensive review, we apologise for any omissions or misrepresentations and welcome comments from area managers, taxono-mists and the scientific community at large. The third section collates in-formation from the first two, as well as from other studies, that have exam-ined trends over longer periods, i.e. typically over several decades. Overall, studies converge to conclude that blooms are on the increase in many areas world-wide. Finally, while it has not been possible to treat every individual toxin analogue separately within the framework of this monograph, we have cross-referenced the toxin groups and taxonomic groups in two tables to give an overview of the toxin groups produced by all the species considered. An interesting finding of this review was that large uncertainty exists for most ichthyotoxic species concerning the compounds responsible for their toxicity to fish. The systematic literature search on taxa, toxins and regional events includes publications up to December 2014. The review is published as a bilingual edition (English and French) to serve as large a community as possible.
    Description: Principality of Monaco (Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation)
    Description: Region des Pays de la Loire (through the COSELMAR regional project)
    Description: International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae (ISSHA)
    Description: OPENASFA INPUT For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows: Lassus P.; Chomérat, N.; Hess, P.; Nézan, E. 2016. Toxic and Harmful Micro-algae of the World Ocean / Micro-algues toxiques et nuisibles de l’océan mondial. Denmark, International Society for the Study of Harmful Algae / Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO. IOC Manuals and Guides, 68. (Bilingual English/French).
    Description: Published
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: HAB ; Harmful Algae Bloom ; Oxygen depletion ; Fish ; Invertebrates ; Taxonomy ; Ichthyotoxic ; Phytoplankton ; Microphytobenthos
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 525pp.
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  • 12
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    Targeted and untargeted lipidomic analysis of haptophyte cultures reveals novel and divergent nutrient-stress adaptations (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Lowenstein, D. P., Mayers, K., Fredricks, H. F., & Van Mooy, B. A. S. Targeted and untargeted lipidomic analysis of haptophyte cultures reveals novel and divergent nutrient-stress adaptations. Organic Geochemistry, 161, (2021): 104315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2021.104315.
    Description: Lipids comprise a significant, highly plastic proportion of the biomass in haptophytes, a ubiquitous, globally significant, and genetically diverse clade of photosynthetic microalgae. Recent studies have investigated the cellular lipidomes of disparate, individual species of haptophytes under nutrient-replete and nutrient-limited conditions, but have not investigated how lipidomes vary across the larger evolutionary clade or its ecological functional groups. We cultured eight species of haptophytes, including five strains of Emiliania huxleyi, for analysis via high performance liquid chromatography–high resolution accurate mass–mass spectrometry (HPLC–HRAM–MS), and performed untargeted computational and hierarchical cluster analyses on their lipidomes. We identified similarities and differences in lipidomes along both evolutionary and ecological lines, and identified potential biomarkers for haptophyte sub-clades, including 38 glycosphingolipids, seven betaine-like lipids, and three phosphatidyl-S,S-dimethylpropanethiol (PDPT) sulfo-phospholipids. We also provide the first evidence for the glycolipid, glucuronosyldiacylglycerol, in eukaryotic microalgae. We conducted a more targeted study of four haptophyte species under nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited conditions to investigate their lipidomic responses to nutrient stress. Under N- and P-limitation, the species exhibited disparate lipidomic responses. Uniquely, in response to N-limitation, E. huxleyi CCMP 374 heavily upregulated PDPT from 3.6 ± 0.9% to 10.4 ± 1.5% of quantified polar lipids. These previously uncharacterized lipidomes and responses to nutrient limitation reflect divergent evolutionary strategies and challenge popular phenotypic extrapolations between species.
    Description: This work was funded by a grant to B.A.S.V.M. from the Simons Foundation (#721229) and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (#5703). Support was also provided through grants to B.A.S.V.M. from the National Science Foundation (#17562524 and #2022597). Support for K.M. was provided by the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council in the form of a SPITFIRE Doctoral Training Partnership (# NE/L002531/1).
    Keywords: Betaine lipids ; Coccolithophore ; Haptophyte ; Polar lipids ; Nutrient limitation ; Phospholipids ; Phytoplankton ; Triacylglycerols
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 13
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    Direct measure of phytoplankton cell quotas from field populations sampled from multiple cruises cruises between 2010 and 2016 (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Sorted Cell Quotas
    Description: This dataset represents direct measures of phytoplankton cell quotas from field populations, contributing to the project goal of understanding how taxon-specific stoichiometry and growth rates, genomic analyses control the stoichiometry of surface ocean plankton. The field work included several cruises: AE1123 (September/October 2011) and AE1226 (September 2012) both from Bermuda to Puerto Rico, AE1319 (June 2013) from Bermuda to the Labrador Sea, and NH1418 (May 2014) from Hawaii to Tahiti, among others. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/849153
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1046297, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1045966
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Elemental stoichiometry ; Nutrient ratios ; Biodiversity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 14
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    Coastal phytoplankton and mercury dynamics in watersheds along the U.S. East Coast from New Jersey to Maine assessed using particulate and dissolved samples collected in 2015 and 2016 (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Coastal Phytoplankton
    Description: Dissolved total mercury, dissolved methylmercury, dissolved organic carbon as well as different size fractions of coastal phytoplankton were measured in watersheds along the U.S. East Coast from New Jersey to Maine in 2015 and 2016. Chlorophyll and phaeopigment data and other parameters were also recorded. Samples were collected at different stages of the tide and over different months in the two years. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/840578
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1634048
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Mercury ; Methylmercury ; Estuary ; Size fractionation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 15
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    Concentrations of mercury forms and ancillary parameters in size fractionated plankton samples and in water collected during 2014 from Long Island Sound and the adjacent shelf (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: LIS plankton
    Description: Concentrations of mercury forms and ancillary parameters were investigated in size fractionated plankton samples and in water from Long Island Sound and the adjacent shelf. Samples were collected in three separate seasons (Spring, Summer, Fall) during 2014 to research the temporal trophic transfer dynamics of mercury and methylmercury into zooplankton and phytoplankton. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/840875
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1634048
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Estuary ; Mercury
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 16
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    Phytoplankton and bacteria abundance from flow cytometry from samples collected in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in May 2017 and May 2018 (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: BLOOFINZ-GoM flow cytometry abundance
    Description: Phytoplankton and bacteria abundance from flow cytometry from samples collected in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises NF1704 and NF1802 in May 2017 and May 2018 For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/835414
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA16NMF4320058
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Bacteria ; Prochlorococcus ; Synechococcus ; Gulf of Mexico
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 17
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    Continous Plankton Recorder phytoplankton and zooplankton occurrence and count data from The CPR Survey in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2014 to 2019 (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: CPR plankton occurrence 2014-2019
    Description: Continous Plankton Recorder phytoplankton and zooplankton occurrence and count data from the Marine Biological Association of the UK, the CPR Survey, in the North Atlantic Ocean from Jan. 2014 to April 2019. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/765141
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1154661, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1657887
    Keywords: Time series ; Monitoring ; CPR ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Diet ; Size ; Sampling event
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 18
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    Model output of phytoplankton community composition variability as a function of intensity and duration of environmental disturbance at the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) location and nearby regions between 2003 and 2014 (2021)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Modeled phytoplankton dynamics
    Description: Model output of phytoplankton community composition variability as a function of intensity and duration of environmental disturbance at the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) location and nearby regions between 2003 and 2014. Model output was generated from numerical model simulations. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/854787
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538525, NSF Ocean Sciences Research Initiation Grants (NSF OCE-RIG) OCE-RIG-1323319
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Community dynamics ; HOT ; Model results ; Disturbance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 19
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    Teamwork in the viscous oceanic microscale (2021)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kanso, E. A., Lopes, R. M., Strickler, J. R., Dabiri, J. O., & Costello, J. H. Teamwork in the viscous oceanic microscale. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(29), (2021): e2018193118, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018193118.
    Description: Nutrient acquisition is crucial for oceanic microbes, and competitive solutions to solve this challenge have evolved among a range of unicellular protists. However, solitary solutions are not the only approach found in natural populations. A diverse array of oceanic protists form temporary or even long-lasting attachments to other protists and marine aggregates. Do these planktonic consortia provide benefits to their members? Here, we use empirical and modeling approaches to evaluate whether the relationship between a large centric diatom, Coscinodiscus wailesii, and a ciliate epibiont, Pseudovorticella coscinodisci, provides nutrient flux benefits to the host diatom. We find that fluid flows generated by ciliary beating can increase nutrient flux to a diatom cell surface four to 10 times that of a still cell without ciliate epibionts. This cosmopolitan species of diatom does not form consortia in all environments but frequently joins such consortia in nutrient-depleted waters. Our results demonstrate that symbiotic consortia provide a cooperative alternative of comparable or greater magnitude to sinking for enhancement of nutrient acquisition in challenging environments.
    Description: We are grateful to Y. Garcia for help with organism sampling and sorting. E.A.K. is funded by NSF-2100209, NSF RAISE IOS-2034043 and NIH R01 HL 153622-01A1. R.M.L. is a CNPq research fellow (grant # 310642/2017-5). J.H.C. and J.O.D. are funded by Grant NSF-2100705.
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Nutrient limitation ; Symbiosis ; Diffusion limitation ; Cell size
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 20
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    A regional, early spring bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii on the New England continental shelf (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-20
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2021. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 126(2), (2021): e2020JC016856, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016856.
    Description: The genus Phaeocystis is distributed globally and has considerable ecological, biogeochemical, and societal impacts. Understanding its distribution, growth and ecological impacts has been limited by lack of extensive observations on appropriate scales. In 2018, we investigated the biological dynamics of the New England continental shelf and encountered a substantial bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii. Based on satellite imagery during January through April, the bloom extended over broad expanses of the shelf; furthermore, our observations demonstrated that it reached high biomass levels, with maximum chlorophyll concentrations exceeding 16 µg L−1 and particulate organic carbon levels 〉 95 µmol L−1. Initially, the bloom was largely confined to waters with temperatures 〈6°C, which in turn were mostly restricted to shallow areas near the coast. As the bloom progressed, it appeared to sink into the bottom boundary layer; however, enough light and nutrients were available for growth. The bloom was highly productive (net community production integrated through the mixed layer from stations within the bloom averaged 1.16 g C m−2 d−1) and reduced nutrient concentrations considerably. Long‐term coastal observations suggest that Phaeocystis blooms occur sporadically in spring on Nantucket Shoals and presumably expand onto the continental shelf. Based on the distribution of Phaeocystis during our study, we suggest that it can have a significant impact on the overall productivity and ecology of the New England shelf during the winter/spring transition.
    Description: This project was supported by the US National Science Foundation (Grants 1657855, 1657803, and 1657489). NES‐LTER contributions were supported by grants to HMS from NSF (Grant 1655686) and the Simons Foundation (Grant 561126). VPR operations were supported by the Dalio Explore Fund.
    Description: 2021-07-15
    Keywords: Biomass ; New England ; Nutrients ; Phaeocystis ; Phytoplankton ; Productivity
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  • 21
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    A metabolic lens on phytoplankton physiology (2021)
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-20
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Oceanography at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2021.
    Description: Phytoplankton are communities of diverse groups of prokaryotic and eukaryotic single-celled organisms responsible for nearly 50% of global primary production. The relative abundance of individual groups changes dynamically in response to environmental perturbations. Recent studies suggest that such changes are primarily driven by the distinct physiological responses employed by each group towards a particular perturbation. Although knowledge of some of these responses has come to light in recent years, many aspects of their metabolisms remain unknown. We attempt to address this gap by studying the metabolism of several phytoplankton groups using metabolomics. Firstly, we developed a method to enhance the analysis of untargeted metabolomics data. Secondly, we constructed two conceptual models describing how metabolism of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo responds to phosphorus and nitrogen stress. These conceptual models revealed several new stress response mechanisms not previously reported in other phytoplankton. Finally, we compared the metabolic changes of several distinct phytoplankton groups to uncover possible adaptation and acclimations that distinguish them. This analysis revealed several pathways and metabolites that represent the studied groups. The contributions of these pathways and metabolites towards physiology may support the ecological fitness of these organisms.
    Description: None of this work would have been possible without a variety of funding sources. I was supported for three years by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and one year with a GEM fellowship. The research was carried out with grants from the MIT Microbiome Center (Award ID #6936800, EBK), the Simons Foundation (Award ID #509034, EBK), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Award ID #3304 EBK), the National Science Foundation (Award ID #OCE-0619608 to EBK and OCE-1057447 to EBK and MCKS) and the WHOI Ocean Ventures Fund.
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Metabolism ; Metbolomics
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
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  • 22
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    Particulate organic carbon deconstructed: molecular and chemical composition of particulate organic carbon in the ocean (2020)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kharbush, J. J., Close, H. G., Van Mooy, B. A. S., Arnosti, C., Smittenberg, R. H., Le Moigne, F. A. C., Mollenhauer, G., Scholz-Boettcher, B., Obreht, I., Koch, B. P., Becker, K. W., Iversen, M. H., & Mohr, W. Particulate organic carbon deconstructed: molecular and chemical composition of particulate organic carbon in the ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 518, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00518.
    Description: The dynamics of the particulate organic carbon (POC) pool in the ocean are central to the marine carbon cycle. POC is the link between surface primary production, the deep ocean, and sediments. The rate at which POC is degraded in the dark ocean can impact atmospheric CO2 concentration. Therefore, a central focus of marine organic geochemistry studies is to improve our understanding of POC distribution, composition, and cycling. The last few decades have seen improvements in analytical techniques that have greatly expanded what we can measure, both in terms of organic compound structural diversity and isotopic composition, and complementary molecular omics studies. Here we provide a brief overview of the autochthonous, allochthonous, and anthropogenic components comprising POC in the ocean. In addition, we highlight key needs for future research that will enable us to more effectively connect diverse data sources and link the identity and structural diversity of POC to its sources and transformation processes.
    Description: We thank the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies (HWK) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) project number 422798570, as well as the Geochemical Society, for funding which made the workshop possible. CA was additionally supported by OCE-1736772. BV was additionally supported by NSF OCE-1756254.
    Keywords: Marine particles ; Water column ; Phytoplankton ; Marine microbes ; Structural analysis ; Organic matter characterization ; Biomarkers
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  • 23
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) – cell abundance by flow cytometry (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: cell abundance
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of three CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of cell abundances measured by forward scatter. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771421
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
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  • 24
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) - Phosphate, silicate, and nitrate plus nitrite measurements (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: Nutrients
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of three CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of nutrients (phosphate, silicate, and nitrate plus nitrite) made over the course of the experiments. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771370
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
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  • 25
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    Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes in an experimental benthic chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016 (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: C and N isotopes
    Description: Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes in an experimental benthic chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016 For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/822239
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538393
    Keywords: Macroalgae ; Productivity ; Isotope enrichment ; Coral reef ; Invasive algae ; Phytoplankton
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  • 26
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    Continuous culture studies of possible climate change effects: Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335 growth in nitrate-limited and nutrient-replete cultures (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335 in nitrate-limited and nutrient-replete cultures
    Description: The marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana clone CCMP 1335 was grown in a continuous culture system on a 14:10 light-dark cycle under either nitrate-limited or nutrient-replete conditions, a photoperiod irradiance of either 50 or 300 micro-mol photons per square meter per second, partial pressures of either 400 or 1000 ppm CO2, and temperatures ranging from 5 to 32 degrees Celsius. Growth rates, photosynthetic rates, respiration rates, C:N ratios, C:Chlorophyll-a ratios, productivity indices, Fv/Fm ratios, and the initial slope and light-saturated asymptote of short-term photosynthesis-irradiance curves are reported. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779368
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1536581
    Keywords: Climate change ; Phytoplankton ; Light ; Temperature ; CO2 partial pressure ; Acclimation
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  • 27
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    Continuous culture studies of possible climate change effects: Synechococcus elongatus CCMP1629 growth in nitrate-limited and nutrient-replete cultures (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Synechococcus elongatus CCMP1629 in nitrate-limited and nutrient-replete cultures
    Description: The marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus clone CCMP1629 was grown in a continuous culture system on a 14:10 light-dark cycle under either nitrate-limited or nutrient-replete conditions, a photoperiod irradiance of either 50 or 300 micro-mol photons per square meter per second, partial pressures of either 400 or 1000 ppm CO2, and temperatures ranging from 20 to 45 degrees Celsius. Growth rates, photosynthetic rates, respiration rates, C:N ratios, C:Chlorophyll-a ratios, productivity indices, Fv/Fm ratios, and the initial slope and light-saturated asymptote of short-term photosynthesis-irradiance curves are reported. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/811093
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1536581
    Keywords: Climate change ; Phytoplankton ; Light ; Temperature ; CO2 partial pressure ; Acclimation
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  • 28
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    Transcriptome data for bacteria collected eight hours after individual inoculation into a diatom Thalassiosira psuedonana culture (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Diatom Matrix RNAseq
    Description: Transcriptome data for bacteria Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3, Stenotrophomonas sp. SKA14, Polaribacter dokdonensis MED152, and Dokdonia MED134 collected eight hours after individual inoculation into a diatom Thalassiosira psuedonana culture. The sequence data description for PRHNA448168 is at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJNA448168. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/818765
    Description: NSF Division of Integrative Organismal Systems (NSF IOS) IOS-1656311
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Bacteria ; Co-cultures ; Transcriptomes ; RNAseq
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  • 29
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    Continous Plankton Recorder phytoplankton and zooplankton occurrence and count data from The CPR Survey in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2014 to 2019 (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: CPR plankton occurrence 2014-2019
    Description: Continous Plankton Recorder phytoplankton and zooplankton occurrence and count data from the Marine Biological Association of the UK, the CPR Survey, in the North Atlantic Ocean from Jan. 2014 to Jan. 2019. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/765141
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1154661, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1657887
    Keywords: Time series ; Monitoring ; CPR ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Diet ; Size
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  • 30
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) – pH measurements (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: pH
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of three CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of pH made over the course of the experiments. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771304
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
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  • 31
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) - Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) measurements (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: DIC
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of three CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) made over the course of the experiments. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771333
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) - cell size estimated by forward scatter from flow cytometry (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: cell size
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of three CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of cell size expressed as forward scatter as well as in equivalent spherical diameter (ESD) in microns. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771448
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) - Chlorophyll, particulate organic carbon and particulate organic nitrogen. (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: POC, PON, Chl a
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of CO2, temperatures, and light on growth and photophysiology of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of extracted chlorophyll, particulate organic carbon (POC), and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) made over the course of the experiments. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771594
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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    Series 3A: Multiple stressor experiments on T. pseudonana (CCMP1014) - photophysiology measurements (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Series 3A: photophysiology
    Description: The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of CO2, temperatures, and light on the growth of the diatom T. pseudonana CCMP1014 in a multifactorial design. This dataset contains measurements of photophysiology using the Light curve (LC3) protocol of the Aquapen-C AP-C 100 fluorometer. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/771461
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538602
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Ocean acidification ; Multiple stressors ; Photosynthesis ; Biogenic silica
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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    Benthic macroalgal and water column carbon uptake rates in an experimental chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016 (2020)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Benthic macroalgal carbon uptake rates
    Description: Benthic macroalgal and water column carbon uptake rates in an experimental chamber, Maunalua, O’ahu, Hawai’i, 2015-2016. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/822216
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1538393
    Keywords: Macroalgae ; Productivity ; Isotope enrichment ; Coral reef ; Invasive algae ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Effects of oceanic mesoscale and submesoscale frontal processes on the vertical transport of phytoplankton (2020)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans 124(8), (2019): 5999-6014, doi: 10.1029/2019JC015034.
    Description: Oceanic fronts are dynamically active regions of the global ocean that support upwelling and downwelling with significant implications for phytoplankton production and export. However (on time scales urn:x-wiley:jgrc:media:jgrc23568:jgrc23568-math-0001 the inertial time scale), the vertical velocity is 103–104 times weaker than the horizontal velocity and is difficult to observe directly. Using intensive field observations in conjunction with a process study ocean model, we examine vertical motion and its effect on phytoplankton fluxes at multiple spatial horizontal scales in an oligotrophic region in the Western Mediterranean Sea. The mesoscale ageostrophic vertical velocity (∼10 m/day) inferred from our observations shapes the large‐scale phytoplankton distribution but does not explain the narrow (1–10 km wide) features of high chlorophyll content extending 40–60 m downward from the deep chlorophyll maximum. Using modeling, we show that downwelling submesoscale features concentrate 80% of the downward vertical flux of phytoplankton within just 15% of the horizontal area. These submesoscale spatial structures serve as conduits between the surface mixed layer and pycnocline and can contribute to exporting carbon from the sunlit surface layers to the ocean interior.
    Description: The AlborEx experiment was conducted in the framework of PERSEUS EU‐funded project (Grant 287600) and was led by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and involved other national and international partners: Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB, Spain); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR, Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS, Italy); and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI, ONR Grant N00014‐16‐1‐3130). Glider operations were partially funded by JERICO FP7 project. Part of this work has been carried out as part of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) MedSUB project. CMEMS is implemented by Mercator Ocean in the framework of a delegation agreement with the European Union. S. R. and A. P. acknowledge support from WHOI Subcontract A101339. Data available from authors: Ship CTDs, glider and VM‐ADCP data files are available in the SOCIB data catalog (https://doi.org/10.25704/z5y2-qpye); model data are available at IMEDEA data catalog https://ide.imedea.uib-csic.es/thredds/catalog/data/projects/alborex/catalog.html. We thank all the crew and participants on board R/V SOCIB for their collaboration and Marc Torner and the SOCIB glider Facility for their efficient cooperation. We also thank B. Mourre for numerical data from the Western Mediterranean Operational Model to initialize the Process Study Ocean Model. Figures were created using the cmocean colormaps package (Thyng et al., 2016).
    Keywords: Vertical motion ; Ocean front ; Mesoscale ; Submesoscale ; Transport ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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