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  • Books  (279)
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  • Physical geography.  (279)
  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :  (279)
  • University of Virginia Library
  • Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
  • Wabern : Federal Office of Topography, Swiss Geological Survey
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  • 1
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Conservation Biology. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I - Tropical and Subtropical Brazilian Coastal Zone -- 1. Brazilian Coastal Zone: Mangroves and Salt Marshes -- 2. Zonation and succession of mangrove and salt marsh ecosystems: typical and associated vegetation species -- Part II - The Mangrove Ecosystem -- 3. Variability of Mangroves along the Brazilian Coast -- 4. Ecophysiological and phenology aspects of mangrove species on the Brazilian coast -- 5. Genetic and epigenetic diversity of mangrove plants: markers of adaptation in a changing environment -- 6. A Review on litterfall in Brazilian mangroves -- Part III - The Salt Marsh Ecosystem -- 7. Brazilian salt marshes -- Part IV - The Mangroves and Salt Marshes Associates -- 8. Microbial diversity and microbial food chain -- 9. Brazilian mangrove and salt marsh macroalgal communities -- 10. Invertebrates: Ecology macro and meiofauna associated with mangroves and marshes Brazilian -- 11. Biodiversity, ecology and socioeconomic importance of brachyuran crabs from Brazilian mangroves and salt marshes -- 12. Fish composition in mangroves and salt marshes along the Brazilian coast -- 13. Birds associated with mangroves and salt marshes in Brazil -- 14. Marine mammals and mangroves and mangroves and salt marshes in Brazil: past, present and potencial scenarios -- Part V - Conservation Strategies -- 15. Historical ecology of mangroves: investigating the past to conserve the future -- 16. Economic valuation as a tool for conservation of the Brazilian marine biodiversity of mangrove and salt marsh ecosystems -- 17. Mangrove protected areas in Brazil: controversies and perspectives -- 18. Contributions of environmental education to mangrove conservation -- 19. Magrove and salt marsh ecosystems: what to expect from climate changes -- 20. Coastal zone adaptive management -- Index.
    Abstract: This book offers a new ecosystemic approach to the understanding of mangrove and salt marsh ecosystems. Brazil has one of the largest areas of mangroves in the world, where salt marshes might or might not be associated. Different landscapes comprise the extensive coastline, where mangrove and salt marsh species’ composition is discussed through the analysis of physiography, zonation, and succession processes. Both salt marsh and mangrove plants and the associated macroalgae will be characterized in their ecophysiological and phenological aspects, as well as genetic and epigenetic diversity. The chapters on microbial diversity and litterfall expose the well-known importance of these ecosystems as highly productive carbon sinks and pumps. The associated fauna of invertebrates (benthic meio and macrofaunas, especially brachyuran crabs) and vertebrates (fishes, birds, and mammals) are presented in a special section. The conservational approach encompasses issues, such as historical ecology, economic valuation, protected areas, environmental education, climate changes, and adaptive management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 394 p. 54 illus., 41 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031134869
    Series Statement: Brazilian Marine Biodiversity,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Business information services. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; IT in Business.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Future air quality networks -- 2. General data processing techniques -- 3. Fields deployments performances -- 4. Special applications -- 5. Cooperative and regulatory efforts.
    Abstract: This volume offers expert contributions proposing new and recently set scientific standards for smart air quality (AQ) networks data processing, along with results obtained during field deployments of pervasive and mobile systems. The book is divided into 5 main sections; 1) future air quality networks, 2) general data processing techniques, 3) field deployments performances, 4) special applications, and 5) cooperative and regulatory efforts. The authors offer different sources of data for the production of trustworthy insights, including spatio-temporal predictive AQ maps meant to boost citizen awareness, and informed participation in remediation and prevention policies. Readers will learn about the best and most up-to-date practices for measuring and assessing air quality, while also learning about current regulatory statuses regarding air quality technology design and implementation. The book will be of interest to air quality regulatory agencies, citizen science groups, city authorities, and researchers and students working with air quality sensors and geostatistics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 178 p. 86 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031084768
    Series Statement: Environmental Informatics and Modeling,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environmental chemistry. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Analytical chemistry. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Analytical Chemistry. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Lake Urmia – A Hypersaline Waterbody in a Drying Climate -- Seasonal Variation of Evaporation from Hypersaline Basin of the Urmia Lake -- Sediment distribution pattern in Lake Urmia -- The Vanishing of Urmia Lake: A Geolimnological Perspective on the Hydrological Imbalance of the World’s Second Largest Hypersaline Lake -- Modelling Biogeochemical and Physicochemical Regime Changes During the Drying Period of Lake Urmia -- A Review of Tectonics and Seismotectonics of Urmia Lake, NW Iran -- Local Changes in Meteorological Parameters Caused by Desiccation of the Lake Urmia -- Analysis of the Long-Term Trend of Temperature, Precipitation, and Dominant Atmospheric Phenomena in Lake Urmia -- Hydroclimate of the Lake Urmia Catchment Area: A Brief Overview -- Global and Regional Signals in the Water Level Variation in hypersaline Basin of the Lake Urmia -- Comparative Study of the Major Ion Composition in Eurasian Salt Lakes: Lake Urmia, Lake Issyk-Kul, Aral Sea, and Dead Sea -- Hydro-Meteorological Observations in Hypersaline Basin of Lake Urmia -- Lake Urmia Brine Evolution from 2007 to 2019 -- Salt load impact on Lake Urmia basin volume -- How Climate Change and Human Interaction Alter Chemical Regime in Salt Lakes, Case Study: Lake Urmia, Aral Sea, the Dead Sea, and Lake Issyk-Kul -- Modelling Physical and Chemical Processes of the Hypersaline Lake Urmia: Water Level Decline and Restoration by Water Conveyance -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book provides a holistic review of the environmental status of Lake Urmia in terms of its hydrodynamic, chemical, and ecological properties. Lake Urmia is a shallow landlocked hypersaline water body located in the northwest part of Iran, and it is known as one of the largest continental salt lakes in the world. Divided into 16 chapters, the book gathers leading experts from various scientific disciplines, and it covers past and current characteristics of the lake and traces projections on how the water quantity, quality, chemical, and ecological state of Lake Urmia Basin can develop in the future. The book outcomes are based on the analyses of the data of observations and unique models that were elaborated for the Lake Urmia system development studies. Particular attention is given to the basin drought in response to anthropogenic drivers and environmental pressures such as climate variability and climate change and their impact on the aquatic environment. The impact of water conveyance on Lake Urmia to improve the physical, chemical, and biological natural state is also discussed in this book, where an intensive and challenging observation plan in this harsh environment is combined with uniquely coupled and adopted hydrodynamical-biogeochemical models. Given its scope, the book offers an invaluable source of information for researchers, students, and environmental managers interested in the Lake Urmia environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 330 p. 60 illus., 30 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031410536
    Series Statement: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 123
    DDC: 577.14
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Emergency medical services. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Water. ; Emergency Services.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Linkage Between Social and Hydrological Systems to Support Resilience: A Case of Freshwater Wetland in Bangladesh -- Chapter 2. Indigenous Approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction, Community Sustainability and Climate Change Resilience -- Chapter 3. The Adaptation to Climate Change in the Primary Education and Approach from the Social Sciences Textbooks -- Chapter 4. Building Climate Change Adaptation and Risk Knowledge In the Arctic Through Preparedness and Contingency Practices -- Chapter 5. Ecological Resilience for Transformative Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation -- Chapter 6. Mitigating Disaster Risks and Vulnerabilities through Climate Finance and Sustainable Water Management: Policy Considerations for Sub-Saharan Africa and Malawi -- Chapter 7. Assessing Risks and Resilience to Hydro-meteorological Disasters -- Chapter 8. Flood Resilient Plan for Urban Area: A Case Study -- Chapter 9. Flood and Drought Risk Assessment, Climate Change and Resilience -- Chapter 10. Flood Risk Predictions in African Urban Settlements: A Review of Alexandra Township, South Africa -- Chapter 11. Anthropological Study of a Typical Drought Prone Village in India- Strategies for Sustainable Rural Habitat -- Chapter 12. Risk Management of Extreme Precipitation in Mexico: Building Resilience -- Chapter 13. Increasing Temperature Risk and Community Resilience: Urban Aspects -- Chapter 14. Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development -- Chapter 15. Climate Change, Food Security and Resilience: Hydrologic Excess and Deficit Measurement -- Chapter 16. Climate Change and Agro Forestry Resilience Strategy In West Africa’S Cocoa Supply Chain Dynamics -- Chapter 17. Spatial-Temporal Changes of Water Resources: Associated Impact as a Natural Hazard -- Chapter 18. Vulnerability of Climate Change on Water and Sanitation Sectors and Coping Mechanisms by the Communities of Economically Poor Hard to Rich Areas of Bangladesh -- Chapter 19. Climate Governance, Resilience and Enterpreneurship In Nigeria: An Empirical Review.
    Abstract: This book is part of a six-volume series on Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience. The series aims to fill in gaps in theory and practice in the Sendai Framework, and provides additional resources, methodologies, and communication strategies to enhance the plan for action and targets proposed by the Sendai Framework. The series will appeal to a broad range of researchers, academics, students, policy makers, and practitioners in engineering, environmental science and geography, geoscience, emergency management, finance, community adaptation, atmospheric science, and information technology. This volume offers indigenous approaches to disaster risk reduction, community sustainability and climate change resilience, as well as agro-ecological innovations for improving resilience to climate change. The focus is on adaptation strategies for sustainable terrestrial and marine ecosystems to reduce the impacts of anthropogenic factors that exacerbate disaster risk, including hydro-meteorological services for climate resilience, food security measures in agriculture and livestock, flood mitigation plans, and increased climate change education and awareness. The book concludes with three case studies in Africa detailing the impacts of strengthened climate change resilience measures, adaptive social protections, and improved water availability through hydro-electric technologies. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 457 p. 134 illus., 117 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031221125
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Natural disasters. ; Geographic information systems. ; Atmospheric science. ; Physical geography. ; Biogeography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geographical Information System. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Biogeosciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Vegetation Fires and Biomass Burning in South/Southeast Asia – An Overview -- Section I: Mapping , Monitoring and Modeling of Vegetation Fires -- 2. Wildfire monitoring using infrared bands and spatial resolution effects -- 3. Status and Drivers of Forest Fires in Myanmar -- 4. Vegetation Fires and Entropy Variations In Myanmar -- 5. Crop residue burning and forest fire emissions in Nepal -- 6. Firewood Burning Dynamics by the Sri Lankan Households: Trends, Patterns, and Implications -- 7. Burnt Area Signal Variations in Agriculture and Forested Landscapes of India - A Case Study Using Sentinel A/B Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 8. Application of Interferometry SAR for Monitoring of Peatland Areas– Case Studies in Indonesia -- 9. Active Fire Monitoring of Thailand and Upper ASEAN by Earth Observation Data: benefits, lessons learned and what still needs to be known -- 10. Detecting Vegetation Regrowth after Fires in Small Watershed Settings Using Remotely Sensed Data and Local Community Participation Approach -- 11. Long-Term Spatiotemporal Distribution of Fire over Maritime Continent and their Responses to Climate Anomalies -- 12. Vegetation Fires in Laos - An Overview -- 13. Vegetation Fires, Fire Radiative Power and Intermediate Fire Occurrence Intensity (IFOI) Hypothesis Testing in Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia -- 14. Analyzing fire behavior and calibrating a fire growth model in a seasonal dry tropical forest area -- Section II: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution -- 15. Spatiotemporally resolved pollutant emissions from biomass burning in Asia -- 16. Twenty-year variations of aerosol optical depth over Asia in relation to anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions -- 17. Light Absorption Properties of Biomass Burning Emissions in Bangladesh: Current State of Knowledge -- 18. Remote Sensing of greenhouse gases and aerosols from agricultural residue burning over Pakistan -- 19. A comparative study of energy, emissions and economic efficiency of various cookstoves in Nepal -- 20. Estimation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Emissions from Biomass Burning Using Satellite Imaging and Burn Severity -- 21. Characteristics of Transboundary Haze and General Aerosol over Pulau Pinang, Malaysia -- 22. Measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions from fire-prone peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, using ground-based instruments -- 23. Air Pollution Caused by Deep Peatland Fire in Central Kalimantan -- 24. Chemical Speciation of PM0 Emissions from Peat Burning Emission in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia -- 25. GHG emissions estimation from Peatland fires in Indonesia – Review and Importance of Combustion Factor -- 26. Forest Fire Emissions in Equatorial Asia and Their Recent Delay Anomaly in the Dry Season -- Section III: Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems -- 27. Impact of vegetation fires on regional aerosol black carbon over South and East Asia -- 28. Detection and Modeling of South Asian Biomass Burning Aerosols from both Macro- and Micro-perspective -- 29. Remote sensing of agricultural biomass burning aerosols, gaseous compounds, long-distance transport and impact on air quality -- 30. Agricultural fires in Northeast China: Characteristics, Impacts, and Challenges -- 31. Air Pollution Modelling in Southeast Asia – An Overview -- 32. Trace gases and air quality in Northwestern Vietnam during recurrent biomass burning on the Indochina Peninsula since 0 – Field Observations and Atmospheric Simulations -- 33. Southeast Asian Transboundary Haze in the Southern Philippines, and Meteorological Drivers -- 34. An Operational Fire Danger Rating System for Thailand and Lower Mekong Region: Development, Utilization, and Experiences -- 35. Fires Hotspot Forecasting in Indonesia Using Long Short-Term Memory Algorithm and MODIS Datasets.
    Abstract: Vegetation fires are prevalent in several regions of the world, including South/ Southeast Asia (S/SEA). Fire occurrence and spread are influenced by fuel type, topography, climate, weather, and lightning, among others. In S/SEA, human-initiated fires are responsible for most of the incidents in addition to natural factors. Through biomass burning, vegetation fires can emit large quantities of greenhouse gases and air pollutants such as CO2, CO, NOx, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and other chemical species, including aerosols that can affect air quality and health at both local and regional scales. Moreover, biomass burning pollutants can travel long distances and impact regional climate. Therefore, quantifying vegetation fires and their impacts is critical at different spatial scales. This book includes contributions from renowned researchers from the USA and South/ Southeast Asia on various fire-related topics. The contributions resulted from several international meetings and workshops organized in Asia as part of the South/ Southeast Asia Research Initiative (SARI) under the NASA Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program. The book is divided into three sections, each containing multiple contributions: a) Mapping, Monitoring, and Modeling of Vegetation Fires, b) Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution, and c) Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems. These sections are preceded by an introductory chapter by the editors that highlights the latest satellite-derived fire statistics and the current fire situation in S/SEA. This book will be a valuable resource for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric, climate, environmental scientists, including policymakers, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on vegetation fires and emissions in South/Southeast Asia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 602 p. 245 illus., 231 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031299162
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cartography. ; Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Cartography. ; Regional Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Chapter1. Physical Setting of Nile Delta Coast -- Chapter2. Geomorphometric of Nile Delta Coastline -- Chapter3. Coastline Change Detection -- Chapter4. GIS – based Modeling of Sea-Level Rise by the end of 21th century -- Chapter5. Coastal Erosion Hazard Mapping -- Chapte6. Multi-Criteria Coastal Vulnerability Assessment -- Conclusion and Recommendations.
    Abstract: The book presents the results of a doctoral thesis conducted under the supervision of two international governmental universities in Egypt and the USA. This book is very important for specialists in the field of Physical Geography with concentration of Geographic Information Science and Remote Sensing techniques for Coastal Hazard Assessment. It deals with coastal hazards and disasters using unique techniques and methods, such as Coastline Change Detection, Sea-Level Rise Modeling and Future Predication, Coastal Erosion Hazard Mapping, and Coastal Vulnerability Index. The integration of geospatial technologies that applied accurately in this book especially for the coastal hazard mitigation and protection devise evaluation makes it very helpful for researchers and academics, as well as for coastal and civil engineers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 218 p. 85 illus., 80 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031443244
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Keywords: Oceanography. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Physical geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Environmental Studies. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: An introduction to Oceanography -- Marine Ecosystems -- Oceans and Human Activities -- Basic Oceanographic Parameters and their Significance -- Coastal Pollution – An Overview -- Nutrient Pollution -- Organic pollution -- Persistent Organic Pollutants -- Heavy metals -- Marine Oil Pollution -- Plastic Pollution -- Ocean Acidification -- Energy from the Ocean -- Marine Mineral Resources -- Coastal Hazards: Climatic and Hydrogeological Hazards -- Coastal Hazards: Geomorphic and Tectonic Hazards -- Global Sea-Level Rise and Associated Problems.
    Abstract: This book deals with every aspect of oceanography in detail including various aspects of physical, chemical, geological, and biological discourse. ‘Earth and Planetary Science’ is perhaps the oldest, dynamic, and ever-evolving subject. Oceanography is one of its domains, which has become important in the present date, given the ubiquitous and undeniable climate change that we are experiencing. The subject domain of oceanography encompasses several environmental issues, which need serious attention from the present scientific community. Despite the ocean’s significant role in the collective well-being of the human race, a multitude of anthropogenic activities has drastically polluted and degraded several crucial oceanic ecosystems within a short span. This book aims to present a concise yet succinct introduction to Oceanography as a subject and at the same time highlight the cutting-edge topics of research encompassing marine pollution, coastal processes, and many other associated phenomena. Oceanography is an interdisciplinary emerging subject and students all over the world who come from varied disciplines are pursuing it as higher studies. Long sections are devoted to ocean–atmosphere interaction, tides, waves, and related coastal processes. The book represents a comprehensive idea of human activities bestowing the ocean with particular reference to Indian examples. This book helps to understand marine pollution and the behavior of oil, plastic, and other agents in the light of real-world examples and empirical models. Harnessing electricity from waves and tides is a technological advancement in the field of unconventional energy. The vast resources of the ocean like oil, mineral, methane hydrate, and their proper estimation and exploitation is the topic of discussion in the third part of the book. This book is designated to meet the essential needs of the students studying oceanography and marine science. It may be helpful to professional oceanographers also.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 440 p. 141 illus., 84 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031344220
    DDC: 551.46
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Regional Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. Background -- Geology, climate and landscape evolution -- Quaternary and holocene palaeoclimates of the Sahara -- Plant and animal life in the Sahara -- Human exploitation of the Central Sahara -- Field investigation, remote sensing and geomorphological mapping -- Part II. Landforms and landscapes -- Evidence for past glaciations -- Volcanoes and igneous landforms -- Sandstone massifs -- Solutional landforms and karstic weathering -- Alluvial fans, escarpments, and pediments -- Hamada, serir, and desert pavement -- Sand seas – North -- Sand seas – South and west. .
    Abstract: This book describes the Central Sahara region, bringing together an unprecedented combination of diverse and often historic research published in different languages in order to describe its varied landscapes and landforms. The Central Sahara region consists of Libya, Algeria, Mali, Niger and Chad, countries that share similar landscape histories and common landscape traits, including massifs, sand seas, paleowater features and large depressions. Furthermore, human settlement of this region goes hand-in-hand with climate and environmental changes and landscape evolution during the Holocene and earlier; hence, Central Saharan landscapes and landforms provide valuable insights into landscape–human relationships over long timescales. The book offers a comprehensive yet accessible reference source, drawing on both past and present interdisciplinary research and gathering the insights of authors from many different countries to explore a region that has largely been overlooked in available literature.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 235 p. 105 illus., 97 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031471605
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology . ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Conservation Biology. ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part 1- People and Caves in Australia -- Part 2 - ‘Hard’ rock karst developed in Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic carbonates -- Part 3 - ‘Soft’ rock karst developed in Tertiary and Quaternary limestones -- Part 4 – Pseudokarst -- Part 5 – Cave contents.
    Abstract: This book, part of the series Cave and Karst Systems of the World, begins with a review of the interaction between people and caves in Australia (including conservation), followed by descriptions of the spectacular cave diving sites, before comprehensively covering all the major carbonate and noncarbonate karst areas, subdivided by rock type and region, and including the origin of the caves. This is followed by broad overviews of cave minerals and speleothems, cave biology and cave fossils. Each section was written by one or more specialists in the topic and is illustrated by clear diagrams and superb colour photos. The book emphasises the unique aspects of the Australian karst, including the variability in the age of the caves (very old to very young) and the impact of isolation on the stygofauna, as well as the vertebrate fossils preserved in the caves. Written in an easy-to-read style, the book is a primary reference guide to Australian karst and represents a valuable asset for anyone interested in the topic, not only cavers and academics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 398 p. 215 illus., 191 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031242670
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Keywords: Forestry. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Plant ecology. ; Forestry. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Plant Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Ecosystem Management of the Boreal Forest in the Era of Global Change -- 2. Millennial-Scale Disturbance History of the Boreal Zone -- 3. Natural Disturbances from the Perspective of Forest Ecosystem-based Management -- 4. Selected Examples of Interactions Between Natural Disturbances -- 5. Living Trees and Biodiversity -- 6. Deadwood Biodiversity -- 7. Embracing the Complexity and the Richness of Boreal Old-Growth Forests: A Further Step Toward Their Ecosystem Management -- 8. Ecological Classification in Forest Ecosystem Management: Links between Current Practices and Future Climate Change in a Québec Case Study -- 9. Changes in Water Status and Carbon Allocation in Conifers Subjected to Spruce Budworm Defoliation and Consequences for Tree Mortality and Forest Management -- 10. A Circumpolar Perspective on the Contribution of Trees to the Boreal Forest Carbon Balance.
    Abstract: This open access book explores a new conceptual framework for the sustainable management of the boreal forest in the face of climate change. The boreal forest is the second-largest terrestrial biome on Earth and covers a 14 million km2 belt, representing about 25% of the Earth’s forest area. Two-thirds of this forest biome is managed and supplies 37% of global wood production. These forests also provide a range of natural resources and ecosystem services essential to humanity. However, climate change is altering species distributions, natural disturbance regimes, and forest ecosystem structure and functioning. Although sustainable management is the main goal across the boreal biome, a novel framework is required to adapt forest strategies and practices to climate change. This collaborative effort draws upon 148 authors in summarizing the sustainable management of these forests and detailing the most recent experimental and observational results collected from across the boreal biome. It presents the state of sustainable management in boreal forests and highlights the critical importance of this biome in a context of global change because of these forests' key role in a range of natural processes, including carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and the maintaining of biodiversity. This book is an essential read for academics, students, and practitioners involved in boreal forest management. It outlines the challenges facing sustainable boreal forest management within the context of climate change and serves as a basis for establishing new research avenues, identifying future research trends, and developing climate-adapted forest management plans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XLIX, 837 p. 178 illus., 157 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031159886
    Series Statement: Advances in Global Change Research, 74
    DDC: 634.9
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Biotic communities. ; Geology. ; Environment. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Ecosystems. ; Geology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Freezing of lakes -- Structure and properties of lake ice -- Thermodynamics of Seasonal lake ice -- Mechanics of lake ice -- Proglacial lakes -- Lake Water Body in the Ice Season -- Ice-Covered Lakes Environment -- Lake ice Climatology -- Future of frozen lakes -- Annex: Ice Properties and Useful Formulae -- References -- Index.
    Abstract: This book updates the first edition for the status of knowledge in the physics of lake ice and the interactions between the ice cover and the liquid water underneath. Since the first edition was written in 2013, there has been a lot of progress in the field, in particular concerning environmental questions and the impact of climate change. Life conditions in ice-covered lakes and practical matters are now brought more into the picture so that the revision also properly serves as a handbook for applications. The author has worked widely with boreal lakes, polar lakes and Central Asian lakes that provides a wide geographical spectrum. Chapter 1 gives a brief overview and presents the research fields. The second chapter contains the classification of ice-covered lakes and observation techniques, especially remote sensing. In Chapter 3, the structure and properties of lake ice are presented including optics and geochemistry. Ice growth and melting are treated in Chapter 4, while the following chapter focuses on ice mechanics with applications to traffic on ice and ice loads. Chapter 6 goes into the exotic environment of pro-glacial lakes. Chapter 7 contains the stratification and circulation of the water body beneath lake ice, Chapter 8 presents the winter ecology of freezing lakes and discusses the lake ice interface toward the society, and Chapter 9 summarizes the climate change impact on lake ice seasons. The book ends into a brief closing chapter and list of references. Research problems for student learning are listed throughout the book. Annexes are included to provide numerical data of constants and standard formulae to help practical calculations and student tasks. Lake ice closely interacts with human living conditions, but people have learnt to live with that and to utilize the ice. In the present time this is true for on-ice traffic and recreation activities. Ice fishing has become a widely enjoyed hobby, and winter sports such as skiing, skating, and ice sailing are popular activities on frozen lakes. The lake ice response to eventual climate warming would appear as a shortening of the ice season due to the increasing air temperature and also as changing of the quality of the ice seasons via changes in ice thickness and structure. The book gives the whole story of lake ice into a single volume. The second, revised edition updates the content based on recent progress in winter limnology and ice physics research and applications. The author has contributed to lake ice research since the 1980s. In particular, his topics have been lake ice structure and thermodynamics, light transfer in ice and snow, ice mechanics in large lakes, and lake ice climatology. Mathematical modeling of ice growth, drift, and decay are covered in this research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 361 p. 160 illus., 116 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031256059
    Series Statement: Springer Praxis Books
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Keywords: Environmental chemistry. ; Pollution. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Pollution. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The scientific importance of atmospheric reactive gases and aerosols and the particular case of the Mediterranean region -- Chapter 3. The climate of the Mediterranean region and future projections in relation to air quality issues -- Chapter 4. The Mediterranean atmosphere under anthropogenic pressures -- Chapter 5. General atmospheric conditions and macro-scale processes -- Chapter 6. Synoptic scale circulation and mesoscale processes -- Chapter 7. Long range and vertical transport, troposphere-stratosphere exchange -- Chapter 8. Overview of Mediterranean aerosol studies -- Chapter 9. Chemical composition and levels of concentrations of aerosols in the Mediterranean -- Chapter 10. Diurnal to seasonal variability of aerosols above the Mediterranean -- Chapter 11. Inter-annual variability and long-term trends of aerosols above the Mediterranean -- Chapter 12. Anthropogenic and natural radionuclides in the Mediterranean -- Chapter 13. Ozone in the Mediterranean atmosphere -- Chapter 14. Inorganic aerosol precursors in the Mediterranean atmosphere -- Chapter 15. Temporal and spatial variabilities of volatile organic compounds in the Mediterranean atmosphere -- Chapter 16. Summary of recent progress and recommendations for future research.
    Abstract: This two-volume set provides an extensive review of the abundant past and recent literature on the atmospheric chemistry in the Mediterranean region. ­The books document the experience gained on the atmospheric composition over the Mediterranean basin and close areas after almost six decades of studies, starting from early studies of radioactive aerosol fallouts and intense desert dust events in the 1960s, aerosol samples collected during oceanographic cruises in the early 1980s and including discoveries from subsequent surface monitoring stations, intensive campaigns, satellite climatologies, laboratory studies, as well as chemistry-transport and climate models. Through ten thematic sections, the authors examine the sources and fates of atmospheric pollutants over the Mediterranean basin and what we know about their major impacts on air quality and health, on the radiative budget and climate, on marine chemistry and biogeochemistry. ­ This overview not only considers the full cycle of both aerosol and reactive gases including emissions, transport, transformation, and sinks, but also addresses the main impacts of the regional atmospheric chemistry.­ The volumes are an initiative from the ending ChArMEx project that has federated many studies on those topics in the past decade, and update the scientific knowledge by integrating the ChArMEx and non-ChArMEx literature. The books are contributed by a large pool of well-known authors from the respective fields, mainly from France and Greece, but also from fourteen other countries. All chapters have been peer-reviewed by international scientific experts in the corresponding domains. Volume 1 provides background information on the Mediterranean atmosphere and focuses on the synoptic and dynamic conditions affecting pollutant concentrations over the Mediterranean basin, aerosol concentrations and variability, and reactive gas concentrations and variability. ­ The targeted audience is the academic community working on atmospheric chemistry and its impacts on climate, air quality and marine biogeochemistry, especially teams having a special interest in the Mediterranean region, which includes many countries and institutes worldwide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LIV, 583 p. 121 illus., 88 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031127410
    DDC: 577.14
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Keywords: Paleontology . ; Paleoecology. ; Bioinformatics. ; Physical geography. ; Paleontology. ; Paleoecology. ; Computational and Systems Biology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -- History of the NOW. Chapter 2 -- The NOW now. Chapter 3 -- The Siwaliks: A Miocene terrestrial record densely sampled at age resolution of 105 years. Chapter 4 -- Evolution of Western Asian mammal communities in the Miocene. Chapter 5 -- The fall of the Pikermian paleobiome at the crossroads of the European-Asian-African continents. Chapter 6 -- Islands in Transition: Changes in Mammalian Communities on Africa and South America. Chapter 7 -- Environmental change and body size evolution in Neogene large mammals of Europe and North America. Chapter 8 -- Body mass effects to the mammalian Niche Exploitation Profiles and to the predictions of Climate and Seasonality of Tropical Extant and Palaeo-habitats. Chapter 9 -- The mouse is dead, long live the mouse (Patterns of longevity in small mammals). Chapter 10 -- How often do mammalian species of the same genus co-occur in the fossil record and today? Chapter 11 -- Cut not shaven, the use of filters in processing data. Chapter 12 -- The effects of NOW data quality, including regional and temporal differences, on evolutionary analysis; examples from studies on large Neogene carnivore families. Chapter 13 -- Asynchroneity in the evolution of New World and Old World hypsodont Equidae. Chapter 14 -- Muskdeer on the run – Dispersal of Moschidae in the context of environmental changes. Chapter 15 -- Late Neogene Western Eurasian bovid palaeocommunities. Chapter 16 -- New giraffid determinations for the faunas of Pikermi, Samos and Maragheh. Chapter 17 -- Regional topography and climate influence the nature and timing of changes in the structure of rodent and lagomorph communities through the Cenozoic of North America. Chapter 18 -- Diet and locomotor trends in rodents during Cenozoic global cooling. Chapter 19 -- Using diachronic biogeographic patterns of mammalian dispersals between Africa and Eurasia to infer about tempo and mode of the dispersal of the genus Homo.
    Abstract: This volume presents an array of different case studies which take as primary material data sourced from the NOW (‘New and Old Worlds’) database of fossil mammals. The NOW database was one of the very first large paleobiological databases, and since 1996 it has been expanded from including mainly Neogene European land mammals to cover the entire Cenozoic at a global scale. In the last two decades the number of works that are based in the use of huge databases to explore ecological and evolutionary questions has increased exponentially, and even though the importance of big data in paleobiological research has been outlined in selected chapters of general works, no volume has appeared before this one which solely focuses on the databases as a primary source in reconstructing the past. The purpose of this book is to provide an illustrative volume showing the importance of big data in paleobiological research, and presenting a broad array of unpublished examples and case studies. The book is mainly aimed to professional palaeobiologists working with Cenozoic land mammals, but the scope of the book is broad enough to fit the interest for evolutionary biologists, paleoclimatologists and paleoecologists. The volume is divided in four parts. The first part includes two chapters on the development of large paleobiological databases, providing a first-hand account on the logic and the functioning of these databases. This is a much-needed perspective which is ignored by most researchers and users of such databases and, even if centered in the NOW database, the lessons that can be learned from this part can be extended to other examples. After this introductory part, the body of the book follows and is divided into three parts: patterns in regional faunas; large scale patterns and processes; and ecological, biogeographical and evolutionary patterns of key taxa. Each chapter is written by well-known specialists in the field, with some participation of members of the NOW advisory board. The array of selected mammal taxa ranges from carnivores, equids, ruminants and rodents to the genusHomo. The topics studied also include the diversification and radiation of major clades, large-scale paleobiogeographical patterns, the evolution of ecomorphological patterns and paleobiological problems such as evolution of body size or species longevity. In most cases the results are discussed in relation to protracted environmental or paleogeographic changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 231 p. 67 illus., 52 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031174919
    Series Statement: Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology,
    DDC: 560
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Agriculture. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Abstract: This book will collate, review and synthesize information on how Organic Agriculture (OA) practices affect and are affected by climate change, in comparison to the more widely used conventional agricultural practices. Pros and cons of OA practices will be discussed separately for croplands, pasture lands, mixed livestock cropping systems, vegetable fields, fruit and tree orchards, and vineyards. The book concludes with an overview on how conventional and OA practices can be prudently and discriminately combined to identify and adopt climate-resilient agro-ecosystems under site-specific conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 232 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031172151
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Keywords: Biodiversity. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental management. ; Landscape ecology. ; Biodiversity. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Management. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Characteristics of Brazilian Coastal Zone -- 2. Flora: mycrophytobenthos and phytoplankton -- 3. Meiofauna patterns of meiofauna on sandy beaches: abundance, diversity -- 4. Macrobenthic communities: abundance, diversity, spatial and temporal distribution -- 5. Nekton biodiversity -- 6. Secondary production of sandy beach macrofauna -- 7. Population biology of sandy beach macrofauna -- 8. Biological interactions Goods and services Threats and impacts -- 9. Management and conservation -- Index.
    Abstract: More than 4000 beaches distributed along the Brazilian coastline are one of the country's main assets. They harbor endemic and diverse biota and provide numerous goods and services essential to human populations. However, they are under increasing pressure, trapped between the impacts of climate change and human activities in the terrestrial and marine environment, and the knowledge about their environmental characteristics and biodiversity is still insufficient to ensure their preservation. This book is the first-ever comprehensive work about Brazil's sandy beaches addressing their physical, ecological, and social aspects. It was written by an interdisciplinary group of leading Brazilian researchers from different regions of the country and also had the contribution of a few international experts. The information synthesized in this book is accessible to anyone who wants to know more about Brazilian coastal biodiversity and represents a significant step towards conserving Brazilian sandy beaches, their biodiversity, and ecosystem services.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 328 p. 81 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031307461
    Series Statement: Brazilian Marine Biodiversity,
    DDC: 333.95
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Geophysics. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Geophysics. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Abstract: The sixth volume of “Processes in GeoMedia”, connected to the Russian journal with the same name, publishes new results of theoretical and experimental studies of the processes occurring in the bowels of the earth, the ocean, and the atmosphere; particular attention is paid to geomechanical aspects of the production of hydrocarbons, including laboriously extracted oils, and to the ecological problems of the biosphere, the human impact on the environment, methods of geophysical research are within the range of the journal interests.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 697 p. 311 illus., 192 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031165757
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Geography. ; Regional Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Description of the Study Area -- Chapter 3. Climate Variability Assessment -- Chapter 4. Changes in Land Use/Land Cover -- Chapter 5. Climate and Land Cover Change Scenarios -- Chapter 6. Effect of Climate and Land Cover Changes on Flow Regime -- Chapter 7. Policies on Climate Change Mitigation -- Chapter 8. Summary and Conclusion.
    Abstract: There is a need of strengthening the global and local response to cope with the threat of climate change and adverse effects of rising anthropogenic activities in the mountain ecosystem. This book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive scientific and technical knowledge based on climate and land cover change impact assessment, adaptation and mitigation strategies in the Indian Himalayan watershed. The text updates the understanding scientific analysis to promote evidence-based policy formulation at regional and local levels. It can be used as reference materials with regards to climate and land cover change for those new learners interested in the mountainous region. This comprehensive book covers a wide range of potential research areas including climate change scenarios, science and its applications, adaptation to climate change-theory and assessment, water resources, agriculture, forest, biodiversity, and ecosystems, indigenous knowledge etc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 210 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031295256
    Series Statement: Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research,
    DDC: 551.6
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Physical geography. ; Agriculture. ; Soil Science. ; Physical Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Agriculture.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. A Brief History of Brazilian Soil Science (Carlos E. Schaefer) -- Chapter 2. The Making of Brazilian Soilscapes: A Geosystemic Vista on Neotropical Pedology (Carlos E. Schaefer) -- Chapter 3. The Soil Regions: A Framework for Stratifying the Brazilian Soilscapes (Carlos E. Schaefer) -- Chapter 4. Soils from Brazilian Amazonia (Carlos E. Schaefer) -- Chapter 5. Soils of Cerrados, the Brazilian Savannas (Virlei Álvaro de Oliveira) -- Chapter 6. Semiarid Soils of the Caatinga Biome of Northeastern Brazil (José Coelho de Araújo Filho) -- Chapter 7. Soils From the Atlantic Forest (Ademir Fontana) -- Chapter 8. Soils of the Coastal Tablelands Under Atlantic Forest (Marcelo Metri Corrêa) -- Chapter 9. Soils of Pantanal: The Largest Continental Wetland (Eduardo G. Couto). Chapter 10. Soils of the Southern Araucarias High Lands (Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin).
    Abstract: This book represents the first comprehensive edition, in English, on the soils of Brazil, in the challenge of illustrating all the biomes of a country of truly continental dimension. In addition to presenting the first geosystemic view of Brazilian soils, in all geological, geomorphological and environmental aspects, the book also makes a key contribution to the discussion of current topics in Pedology, such as Anthrosols, Technosols, Soil Management trends and sustainability, Pedometrics and advanced techniques of digital soil mapping. The soils of Brazil were conveniently stratified into sectors and treated within the different biomes, without neglecting any area of the Brazilian territory. Considering the aspects of the landscape of occurrence, climates, geomorphology and geology, each pedological region was abundantly documented with soil profile data and many fine original, three-dimensional illustrations and diagrams, made with care by the authors. Among the regions, the most important are the forested Amazon, the Central Plateau with Cerrados, the Caatingas of the northeastern semi-arid region, the Atlantic Forest in all known variants; in addition, the Restingas, Mangroves, Oceanic Islands, Wetlands of the Pantanal and the subtropical regions of the Pampa and Matas de Araucaria. The book is of great importance as the first published work on Brazilian soils, but it is of great interest to geologists and geomorphologists who study the tropics and subtropics, due to the novelty and scope of the work.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 488 p. 346 illus., 266 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031199493
    Series Statement: World Soils Book Series,
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Environment. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Symmetric and asymmetric tropics -- Chapter 2. Seasonal evolution of the monsoons -- Chapter 3. The coupled monsoons -- Chapter 4. Intraseasonal variations of the monsoon -- Chapter 5. The western pacific warm pool -- Chapter 6. The monsoons-ENSO teleconnection -- Chapter 7. ENSO -- Chapter 8. The inter-tropical convergence zone -- Chapter 9. Tropical atlantic variations -- Chapter 10. Large-scale aspects of extreme weather.
    Abstract: This upper-undergraduate/graduate-level textbook introduces students to large-scale tropical climate circulation and its variations, covering their fundamental aspects and our current understanding of how they are impacted in a warming world. From this volume, readers will gain an understanding of tropical climate variability from the meso- to planetary scale. Uniquely, equal emphasis is placed on atmospheric and oceanic processes of tropical phenomena. The book will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students across geoscience disciplines, including in meteorology, oceanography, geography, hydrology, and environmental science. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 309 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031128875
    Series Statement: Springer Atmospheric Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Oceanography. ; Human geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Magnitude, Frequency, and Change in Earth Systems -- Chapter2. Before the Holocene -- Chapter3. The Greenlandian -- Chapter4. The Northgrippian -- Chapter5. The Meghalayan -- Chapter6. The Anthropogenic Boundary Event.
    Abstract: This book explores the broad trajectory of the Holocene epoch in a region defined as the North Atlantic Polar Triangle (NAPT). The text is multi-disciplinary and synthetic, and focuses on the area extending from the North Pole to the Equator, and covers 60 degrees of longitude, encompassing the entire North Atlantic and significant parts of the land-masses that surround it. It discusses the physical, ecological and cultural history of the NAPT and its bordering regions after the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. It outlines the long-term changing relationships between environmental processes and humans within this single space, providing insight into the broader and more complex interactions happening globally. The author proposes, on the basis of the changes that can be documented in the NAPT, probable trajectories of change in other equally complex but less well-documented, and less geographically constrained Earth systems. It contributes to the ongoing discussion of human transformation of the world, and the current debate about the designation of a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene. It concludes by supporting the proposition that the Anthropocene is best understood as a boundary event, marking the upper limit of the Holocene, rather than as a new epoch. The intended audience includes physical geographers, anthropologists and readers exploring the synthetic analyses of the crisis humans currently confront as the world enters a period of extraordinary change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 134 p. 22 illus., 18 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031272646
    Series Statement: Springer Polar Sciences,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Environmental Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part1. Two centuries of change -- Section1. Island -- Chapter1. Description -- Chapter2. Images -- Chapter3. Maps -- Section2. History -- Chapter4. Events -- Chapter5. Facilities -- Chapter6. Debris -- Part2. Rocks -- Section3. Provinces -- Chapter7. Atlas Cove -- Chapter8. Laurens Peninsula -- Chapter9. The Spit -- Section4. Volcano -- Chapter10. Big Ben -- Chapter11. Mawson Peak -- Chapter12. Volcanic features -- Section5. Lithics -- Chapter13. Outcroppings -- Chapter14. Till -- Chapter15. Sediment -- Part3. Water -- Section6. Glaciers -- Chapter16. Stephenson Glacier -- Chapter17. AU1141 Glacier -- Chapter18. Glacial features -- Section7. Streams -- Chapter19. Inland streams -- Chapter20. Tidewater streams -- Section8. Lakes -- Chapter21. Stephenson Lagoon -- Chapter22. Large lakes -- Chapter23. Small lakes -- Part4. Ecosystem -- Section9. Biota -- Chapter24. Plants -- Chapter25. Invertebrates -- Chapter26. Birds -- Chapter27. Mammals -- Section10. Environment -- Chapter28. Ocean -- Chapter29. Atmosphere -- Chapter30. Sky -- Part5. More Coming -- Section11. Dynamics -- Chapter31. Populations -- Chapter32. Systems -- Chapter33. EcoSimulation -- Section12. The Future -- Chapter34. Research -- Chapter35. Resources -- Chapter36. The Future of Heard Island.
    Abstract: This highly illustrated volume is a compendium of evidence and examples of change on Heard Island, a World Heritage Site near Antarctica and one of the most remote places on earth. Drawing on records from the past two centuries, as well as his own expeditions to the island in 1997 and 2016, the author provides visual evidence for the changes wrought by climate change, erosion, and environmental policy. Various phenomena not previously observed on Heard Island are documented, such as fluid dynamic instabilities and the destruction of the seawalls of a major lagoon. Based on the past, the author makes predictions about Heard Island for specific years in the future: 2031 (decade), 2051 (tricade), 2121 (century), 3021 (millennium), and 1,002,021 (millionium). The book serves as an important link between the past and future of Heard Island.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 882 p. 900 illus., 890 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031203435
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Mining engineering. ; Physical geography. ; Power resources. ; Environmental economics. ; Economic geography. ; Geology. ; Mining and Exploration. ; Physical Geography. ; Resource and Environmental Economics. ; Economic Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: Early Years of Mining and Geology -- 2. Geological Survey for Jamaica -- 3. A Temporary Survey -- 4. The Bauxite Industry and its Development -- 5. The Modern Geological Survey -- 6. Transforming Jamaica’s Mining Sector.
    Abstract: Mining and geological survey work in Jamaica goes back several hundred years and was initiated by the Europeans when they colonized the Island. The year 2019 marked 160 years since the first Government-commissioned Geological Survey of Jamaica. This is one of the oldest survey activity of this type in the World! This book seeks to commemorate this heritage. It is one of the first books of its kind examining the evolution of the mineral sector and geological survey work of Jamaica, set in the framework of the Country's history of over 500 years. The Reader will explore a relatively unfamiliar side of the Country's development, linked to popular historical stories that shaped the Nation. The information presented are mostly documented in dated academic literature that are not gauged for a wide audience. This book however, aims to make this information accessible for a wider readership such as students, amateur scientist, non-professionals or anyone who wishes to learn about the rich history and heritage, and the contributions to national development from Europe and much later, North America.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 158 p. 19 illus., 15 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031426049
    Series Statement: Historical Geography and Geosciences,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environment. ; Atmospheric science. ; Physical geography. ; Soil science. ; Natural disasters. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Soil Science. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. Introduction -- Chapter 1. Introduction to Climate Change Impact on India (Chaitanya B. Pande) -- Chapter 2. Climate change effect on-climate parameters like Temperature, rainfall and water resources sectors in India (S. Mulla) -- Chapter 3. Appraisal of Climate Change Studies of Arid Regions Involving Weather Variables (H.M. Meena) -- Part II: Impact of Climate Change and Water Resources -- Chapter 4. Externalities of Climate Change on Urban Flooding of Agartala City, India (Saptarshi Mitra) -- Chapter 5. Natural resource planning under climate change issue using advanced remote sensing and GIS technology: A Review (Pritam Das) -- Chapter 6. Self-Generating Training Model (SGTM) algorithm to estimate groundwater level in consensus with climate change impact study in Cauvery Delta Zone, Tamil Nadu, India (A. Stanley Raj) -- Chapter 7. Impact of Climate Change on Climate & Water Resources and thus on Agriculture in India (S. Jeevananda Reddy) -- Part III: Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural -- Chapter 8. Assessment of climate change impact on agricultural crops’ growth and yield over Indian subcontinent using remote sensing, GIS and modelling approach (Atin Majumder).
    Abstract: This book focuses on the impact of climate change on India, addressing environmental problems and conducting an analysis of the climate change impact on mitigation processes. It examines crucial factors such as soil capability, soil erosion, soil salinity, and watershed planning, as well as the influence of climate change on water resources, including groundwater. The book explores the interconnections between climate change, soil erosion, natural resources, and agricultural practices, emphasizing their direct or indirect effects on water, vegetation, irrigation planning, and the environment. Furthermore, it delves into various aspects of soil erosion, soil compaction, soil nutrients, aquifers, and the impact of climate change on vegetation, crops, pests, moisture, and sustainable yield. These factors contribute to the development of climate change-related factors within the agricultural sector, ultimately fostering sustainable development and management practices for the future. The book also highlights the significance of parameters such as land use change analysis, rainfall, water resources, crop yield, sustainable agricultural development, pest management, and disease control in accurately assessing the impact of climate change. The insights gained from these analyses can inform future development and planning strategies. Therefore, this book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, NGOs, and academics interested in understanding the impact of climate change on natural resources and ecological systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 422 p. 92 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031420566
    Series Statement: Earth and Environmental Sciences Library,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 24
    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Emergency medical services. ; Natural Hazards. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Emergency Services.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Modeling Human Dimensions to Reduce the Disaster Risk: A Socio-Hydrological Approach -- Chapter 2. Improvement of Urban Socio-Hydrologic Resilience in Extreme Hydro-climatic Conditions -- Chapter 3. Fluvio-Geomorphic Hazard and Its Impact on Socio-Economy, A Study on Resilience and Sustainability in Assam -- Chapter 4. Effect of Climate Change on the Agricultural System of Hirakud Command Area -- Chapter 5. Mitigating the Negative Effects of Plastic Pollution For Sustainable Economic Growth In Nigeria -- Chapter 6. Teaching of Climate Change in the Official Documentation: An International Review For Improving the Resilience -- Chapter 7. Hydrologic Disasters: Assessing Hazard and Risks -- Chapter 8. Floods in Tutong District, Brunei Darussalam and the Role of Tutong River: Approaches for Mitigation Measures -- Chapter 9. Adaptation and Resilience Measures in The Face of Extreme Events in Algeria -- Chapter 10. Socio-Hydrological Role of North Africa's Traditional Water Management Systems Under.
    Abstract: This book is part of a six-volume series on Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience. The series aims to fill in gaps in theory and practice in the Sendai Framework, and provides additional resources, methodologies and communication strategies to enhance the plan for action and targets proposed by the Sendai Framework. The series will appeal to a broad range of researchers, academics, students, policy makers and practitioners in engineering, environmental science and geography, geoscience, emergency management, finance, community adaptation, atmospheric science and information technology. This volume discusses the implementation of socio-hydrological resilience measures to curb the impacts on vulnerable communities of hydrologic diasters such as coastal floods, drought, water scarcity, and thunderstorms. The book provides a framework for sustainable hydrology-community interactions to inform local communities about the best practices to achieve hydrological resilience, and to implement resilient water infrastructure. Hydrological influences on the resilience of a region are comprehensively surveyed, and a "green economy strategy" is described and recommended for achieving climatic and hydrological sustainability. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 218 p. 61 illus., 56 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031431777
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 25
    Keywords: Biogeography. ; Physical geography. ; Materials science. ; Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Ecology . ; Biogeosciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Materials Science. ; Biomedical Research. ; Terrestial Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Methods for studying the interactions in biogenic–abiogenic systems -- Geochemistry of biogenic-abiogenic systems -- Biomineralization and nature-like materials and technologies-Medical geology -- Organic mineralogy-Biomineral interactions in soil-Effect of microorganisms on natural and artificial materials -- Philosophical and historical aspects of interdisciplinary research.
    Abstract: The book represents a collection of papers presented at VII International Symposium "Biogenic - abiogenic interactions in natural and anthropogenic systems" that was held on 26-29 September 2022 in Saint Petersburg (Russia). Papers in this book cover a wide range of topics connecting with interactions between biogenic and abiogenic components in lithosphere, biosphere and technosphere. The main regarding topics are following: biomineralization in living organisms and nature-like materials; biomineralization in geosystems; geochemistry of biogenic-abiogenic systems; biomineral interactions in soil; interaction of microorganisms with natural and artificial materials; medical geology; philosophical aspects of interdisciplinary researchs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 675 p. 216 illus., 141 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031404702
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 578.09
    Language: English
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  • 26
    Keywords: Sustainability. ; Environmental geography. ; Physical geography. ; Human geography. ; Bioclimatology. ; Climatology. ; Sustainability. ; Integrated Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Human Geography. ; Climate Change Ecology. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere -- SDG1 in Europe: Micro-grants, poverty, and the big-picture future of sustainable development in a post-pandemic world -- Part 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture -- Geography: Origin of the complexity of the food system -- Part 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages -- Exploring health and well-being in a European context -- Part 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all -- New horizons for quality education within the framework of the 2030 agenda -- Part 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls -- Recent demographic trends in Spanish rural areas: Poverty and inequality with gender perspective (1999-2020) -- Part 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all -- Sustainable solution for clean water (SDG6) implemented in Ethiopia to remove fluoride from drinking water using natural zeolites from Europe -- Part 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all -- Improving eco-social literacy using Spanish media coverage of the EU's clean energy strategy -- Part 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all -- “Economics for Future” from different perspectives – Critical reflections on SDG 8 with a special focus on economic growth and some suggestions for alternatives pathways -- Part 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation -- Perceived benefits and barriers to cooperation between small farms and clusters – A case study of Poland -- Part 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries -- Spatial disparities: An approach to reveal "hidden areas" to territorial development in the Marrakech-Safi region -Morocco -- Part 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable -- Sustainable cities, urban indicators and planning for the new urban agenda. Sustainable developments goals and the rights to the city -- Part 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns -- Towards a new sustainable production and responsible consumer in the food sectors: Sustainable aquaculture -- Part 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts -- 1975-2018: 43 years of glacial retreat in the Incachiriasca glacier (Nevado Salcantay, Vilcabamba Range, Peru) -- Part 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development -- Jellyfish distribution and abundance on the southern coast of the Iberian Peninsula -- Part 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss -- Using the European CORINE land cover database: A review a 2011-2021 specific review -- Part 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels -- Achieving a sustainable future: The geographical centrality of UN SDG-16, peace, justice and strong institutions -- Part 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development -- Revitalizing the global alliances for sustainable development; analysing the viability of SDG 17 using marine conservation case studies in Europe.
    Abstract: The aim of this book is to provide a synthesis of the newest research in Geography concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s). Although the world is strongly interconnected, the majority of the chapters in this volume focus on Europe or the work of European researchers. Each chapter of this book focusses on one of the 17 SDG’s providing in-depth knowledge from a geographical perspective, fostering comprehensive research on these global targets to end poverty, fight inequality and injustice, and tackle climate change. The Sustainable Development Goals are part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. To achieve them, it will be necessary for all stakeholders, including citizens (civil society, doctors, teachers), governments, private sector to collaborate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 371 p. 103 illus., 95 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031216145
    Series Statement: Key Challenges in Geography, EUROGEO Book Series,
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Machine learning. ; Geology. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Statistical Learning. ; Geology. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1-Intelligent methods and motivations to use in volcanology and seismology -- Chapter2-Machine Learning: The concepts -- Chapter 3 - Machine Learning Applications in volcanology and seismology -- Chapter 4 - Deep Learning: The concepts -- Chapter 5:Deep Learning: Applications in Seismology and Volcanology -- Chapter 6: Evolutionary Algorithms with focus on Genetic Algorithm -- Chapter 7: Application of Genetic Algorithm in volcanology and seismology.
    Abstract: This book presents intelligent methods like neural, neuro-fuzzy, machine learning, deep learning and metaheuristic methods and their applications in both volcanology and seismology. The complex system of volcanoes and also earthquakes is a big challenge to identify their behavior using available models, which motivates scientists to apply non-model based methods. As there are lots of seismology and volcanology data sets, i.e., the local and global networks, one solution is using intelligent methods in which data-based algorithms are used. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 203 p. 219 illus., 133 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031154324
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Atmospheric science. ; Oceanography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Ocean Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: The environment in the Solar System -- The fluid environment of the Earth -- Thermodynamics of the atmosphere and the ocean -- Chemical kinetics -- Fluid dynamics -- General circulation of the atmosphere -- General circulation of the ocean -- Biogeochemical Cycles -- Greenhouse E↵ect-Chemistry Climate Connection -- The Perturbed Atmosphere -- Some chemistry of the Sea -- Aerosols, Clouds and Rain -- Atmosphere-Sea Interactions -- The Fluid Environment in.
    Abstract: The book is conceived at two levels. An introductory one intended for undergraduate and/or environmental studies students and the other (in the appendix) for advanced students (graduate). The book is different from others on the same subject which are either too descriptive or too much specialized. Beside there are large sections on biogeochemistry not usually found in other textbooks. Whenever possible an approach based on entropy considerations is introduced. The book includes a quite classical introduction to the thermodynamics of ocean and atmosphere, then the circulation of the ocean and atmosphere, the connection climate-chemistry with main emphasis on the carbon dioxide problem. The chemistry is also considered in connection with the polluted atmosphere and ocean and particulate in the atmosphere . A chapter is dedicated to the biogeochemical cycles which are solved both with the integration of a system of equations or matrix algebra. An original chapter is dedicated to sea-atmosphere interactions which includes the monsoons meteorology, hurricanes and the ENSO phenomena. Finally a concise description of the fluid environments in the Solar System is given.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 384 p. 156 illus., 12 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031315398
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Botany. ; Microbiology. ; Agriculture. ; Bioinformatics. ; Microbial ecology. ; Physical geography. ; Plant Science. ; Microbiology. ; Agriculture. ; Bioinformatics. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Abstract: The third volume of the series ‘Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology’ is comprised of 25 chapters that bring a unique perspective to the readers about Bacillus-mediated biotic and abiotic plant stress tolerance, bioremediation and bioprospecting. These chapters are prepared by the leading scientists of global repute. The negative impacts of agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides on human health and environment are paramount. Bacillus and allied genera of beneficial plant-associated microbes are presenting beacon of hope to the farmers, plant scientists and stewards of environment. Several chapters of this volume focus on the induction of various signaling pathways in plants by Bacillus spp. to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses impacted by global climate change Agricultural lands contaminated with heavy metals affect the ecological food chain starting from crop cultivation. How the toxic effects of trace metals originating from industrial effluents and agrochemicals can be remediated? This book addresses how to overcome these issues by applying elite strains of Bacillus. Bioprospecting is a systematic and organized search for conversion of bioresources to industrially important products by utilizing microbe-derived metabolites. This volume is enriched by including the bioprospecting aspects mediated by Bacillus spp. with novel insights.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 612 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030854652
    Series Statement: Bacilli in Climate Resilient Agriculture and Bioprospecting,
    DDC: 580
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Plant ecology. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical geography. ; Ecology . ; Plant Ecology. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Physical Geography. ; Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Physical, Geographical and Geological Description of the Retezat Mountains -- 2. History of Floristic and Vegetation Research -- 3. Areal-Geographical Characterization of the Retezat Flora and the Endangered Species -- 4. Mapping Rare, Endangered Angiosperm Species of Phytogeographical Interest from the Retezat National Park -- 5. Vegetation of the Retezat Mountains -- 6. Description of the Plant Associations Distinguished in the Retezat National Park -- 7. Considerations on the Flora, Vegetation and Conservation of the Plant Gene Pool in the Retezat National Park.
    Abstract: The floristic studies carried out during the 19th and 20th centuries in the Retezat Massif identified 1,152 plant species and 104 subspecies within the Cormobionta sub-regnum. Of these, about 12% are endemic Carpathian and Dacian-Balkan taxa that induce a regional specificity to the hosting communities. The phytocoenological research led to the description of 67 plant associations, grouped in 28 alliances, 19 orders and 13 vegetation classes. These classes are: Asplenietea trichomanis, Thlaspietea rotundifolii, Salicetea herbaceae, Montio-Cardaminetea, Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae, Oxycocco-Sphagnetea, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Caricetea curvulae, Loisleurio-Vaccinietea, Elyno-Seslerietea, Mulgedio-Aconitetea, Carpino-Fagetea and Vaccinio-Piceetea. The following plant associations herein described are new syntaxa: Phyteumo confusi-Junicetum trifidi, Salici kitaibelianae-Dryadetum octopetalae and Aconito taurici-Rumicetum alpine. For the protection of some rare plant species and vulnerable plant associations, two natural reserves are proposed to be created within the “Limestone Retezat” area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 259 p. 77 illus., 76 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031056185
    Series Statement: Geobotany Studies, Basics, Methods and Case Studies,
    DDC: 581.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Sedimentology. ; Ecology . ; Water. ; Physical Geography. ; Sedimentology. ; Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Discoursing River from Physical and Social Backdrops -- 2. Rivers in Distress : A Geo-Ecological consideration -- 3. Incorporating hydromorphological assessments in the fluvial geomorphology domain for transitioning towards Restorative River Science – Context, Concepts and Criteria -- 4. The Role of Rivers on Man and Society reflected in Literature: A critical study of a few selected River-oriented popular Bengali Novels in Geographical Perspective -- 5. An assessment of human impact on Bhagirathi river in Murshidabad district : From reverence to responsibility. .
    Abstract: This book addresses the various factors affecting fluvial systems, the processes governing them, system responses arising from human-nature interventions, and geospatial and geo-ecological modeling to understand system behaviour better and restore degraded ecosystems around the globe. Thanks to their hydrological and agro-ecological advantages, humans have settled along riverbanks since the dawn of civilization. Thus, the ancient "ecumene" (settlements) were located near major rivers worldwide. This legacy of river-based civilizations continues to this day in many forms. However, in the course of the 'Anthropocene' era, countless fluvial systems have been altered by human interventions in the form of large-scale dams and barrages, changes in land use and land cover, road-stream crossings, mining of sand and gravel, mushrooming of brickfield, expansion of modern agriculture, industrial growth, and urbanization. Thus, the present-day development pattern threatens fluvial systems, especially riverine morphology and ecosystems. In brief, human-induced morphological changes, water pollution, eutrophication, and related damages to aquatic organisms are the major threats to fluvial systems. Thus, maintaining the 'environmental flow' of the world's major rivers to preserve the proper functioning of riverine ecosystems and promote sustainable development is a global challenge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 487 p. 160 illus., 150 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031111815
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental management. ; Natural Hazards. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface: Why ENSO-based seasonal forecasts are important in Bangladesh Acknowledgements -- About the author -- Chapter 1: Introduction—Seasonal Flood Potential in Bangladesh -- Chapter 2: Basin-wide Hydro-Meteorological Variability and Opportunity for Seasonal -- Forecasts in Bangladesh -- Chapter 3: History of Flood Forecasts and Early Warning in Bangladesh -- Chapter 4: Overview of Weather, ENSO, and Climate Scale -- Chapter 5: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Seasonal Flooding in Bangladesh -- Chapter 6: Seasonal Flood Potential in Bangladesh -- Chapter 7: Overview of Eastern, Mixed, and Central Pacific El Niño -- Chapter 8: Seasonal Sea Level Information and Flood Forecast Potential in Bangladesh -- Chapter 9: Consensus Seasonal Flood Forecasts and Warning Response in Bangladesh -- Chapter 10: ENSO Impacts, Applications, and Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book explores the feasibility of using El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-based forecasts and early warning systems to prevent losses from floods and droughts in Bangladesh. Despite advances in short-range flood forecasting and information dissemination systems in Bangladesh, the present system is less than satisfactory. This is due to short lead-time products, outdated dissemination networks, and lack of direct feedback from the end-user. One viable solution is to produce long-lead seasonal forecasts—the demand for which is significantly increasing in Bangladesh— and disseminate these products through appropriate channels. As observed in other regions, the success of seasonal forecasts, in contrast to short-term forecasts, depends on consensus among the participating institutions. Therefore, the primary objective of the book is to revisit and modify the framework of an ideal warning response system for issuance of consensus seasonal flood forecasts in Bangladesh. The book discusses issues related to the 5-stage Flood Forecasts, Warning, and Response System (FFWRS) and emphasizes the role of the seasonal ‘Climate Outlook Forum (COF)’ in Bangladesh. The book also identifies ways to improve forecasting and early warning systems by utilizing ENSO-based climate data and models, and discusses a comprehensive and participatory approach to seasonal flood hazard management in Bangladesh. Several successful case examples of ENSO-based seasonal forecasts and early warning systems from other ENSO-sensitive regions have been documented. The primary audience includes academics and students, government policymakers, engineers, and business leaders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXX, 201 p. 84 illus., 56 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031178252
    Series Statement: Disaster Risk Reduction, Methods, Approaches and Practices,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Oceanography. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geophysics. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Determination of cavities under the concrete slab anchoring the upper slopes of the Novosibirsk hydroe-lectric power station using standing waves -- Acoustic measurements on synthetic fractured samples made using FDM 3D printing technology -- Variational identification of the transport model parameters in the Azov Sea based on remote sensing data -- Separated flows under hydrodynamic action of a solution on rock salt -- Innovative technologies for the construction of horizontal and two-tiered underground reservoirs in rock salt -- Coastal geology and geomorphology of the Kasatka Bay (Iturup Island, South Kuril Islands, SE Russia) -- The movement of the particles around cylindrical particle in a shear flow -- Metastable instability of Marangoni convection -- Impact of warm winters on the White Sea: in silico experiment.
    Abstract: This book corresponds to the fourth volume of the series focused on Processes in GeoMedia and their research on the dynamic of natural systems - geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and their interactions-, the human contribution to naturally occurring processes are among the most urgent and essential scientific problems. The widespread introduction of computer technology has allowed calculating complex phenomena, previously unavailable for analysis. The creation and improvement of a new generation of geophysical instruments, remote observing systems based on the ship, aircraft, and satellite allow obtaining a large amount of data to reflect the broad picture of the processes objectively. The articles included in this book also reflect a critical position in laboratory modeling of research in geo-environments and testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 385 p. 220 illus., 99 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030763282
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geography. ; Physical geography. ; Regional economics. ; Spatial economics. ; Human geography. ; Economic development. ; Economic history. ; Regional Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Regional and Spatial Economics. ; Human Geography. ; Development Studies. ; Economy-wide Country Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I: Historical and Geopolitical Context (edited by Emilija Manić and Vladimir Nikitović) -- Chapter 1. Geographical Position of Serbia (Milutin Tadić, Emilija Manić) -- Chapter 2. Prehistory of Serbia: A Brief Review (Dušan Mihailović, Dragana Antonović, Aleksandar Kapuran) -- Chapter 3. Serbia: A Historical Survey (Radmila Pejić, Sofija Petković, Dejan Radičević) -- Chapter 4. Political Geography of Serbia: Territorial Organization and Government (Nebojša Vuković) -- Part II: Physical Geography (edited by Predrag Đurović) -- Chapter 5. Climate of Serbia (Boško Milovanović, Gorica Stanojević, Milan Radovanović) -- Chapter 6. Hydrological Characteristics of Serbia (Marko Urošev, Ana Milanović Pešić, Jelena Kovačević–Majkić, Dragoljub Štrbac) -- Chapter 7. Geomorphological Characteristics of Serbia (Predrag Djurović) -- Chapter 8. Biogeographical Characteristics of the Territory of Serbia: Richness and Spatial Distribution of Biodiversity, Endemism and Biogeographical Regionalization (Vladimir B. Stevanović) -- Chapter 9. Geohazards and Geoheritage (Ivan Novković, Slavoljub Dragićević, Mirela Djurović) -- Part III: Demography (edited by Vladimir Nikitović) -- Chapter 10. Demographic Profile of Serbia at the Turn of the Millennia (Daniela Arsenović, Vladimir Nikitović) -- Chapter 11. Demographic Challenges in Serbia (Mirjana Rašević, Marko Galjak) -- Chapter 12. Migration and Mobility Patterns in Serbia (Vesna Lukić) -- Chapter 13. Approaching Regional Depopulation in Serbia (Vladimir Nikitović) -- Part IV: Economy (edited by Emilija Manić) -- Chapter 14. Serbian Economy – History, Transition and Present (Đorđe Mitrović) -- Chapter 15. Agriculture in Serbia (Žaklina Stojanović) -- Chapter 16. Natural Resources and Manufacturing Sector (Emilija Manić, Milena Lutovac) -- Chapter 17. Transport Sector in Serbia (Ivan Ratkaj) -- Chapter 18. Services: Finance, Trade and Tourism (Svetlana Popović, Dragan Stojković, Radmila Jovanović) -- Chapter 19. Serbia Internationally: International Trade and Integrations (Predrag Bjelić, Ivana Popović Petrović). Part V: Regional Development and Specificities (edited by Vladimir Nikitović and Emilija Manić) -- Chapter 20. Environmental Issues in Serbia: The Pollution and Nature Conservation (Vladimir Stojanović, Milana Pantelić, Stevan Savić) -- Chapter 21. Development Challenges Faced by Cities in Serbia (Nikola Krunić, Aleksandra Gajić, Dragutin Tošić) -- Chapter 22. Rural Areas and Rural Economy in Serbia (Marija Drobnjaković, Žaklina Stojanović, Sonja Josipović) -- Chapter 23. Regional Disparities in Serbia (Dejan Molnar) -- Index.
    Abstract: The book offers a comprehensive regional geography synthesis of the most important physical and human spatial processes that shaped Serbia and led to many interesting regional issues, not only to Serbia but to the Balkans and Europe. The book provides an overall view on the Serbian physical environment, its population and economy. It also highlights important regional issues such as regional disparities and depopulation, sustainable development and ecological issues and rural economy in the context of rural area development, which have been shaped by different political and historical processes. This highly illustrated book provides interesting and informative insights into Serbia and its context within the Balkans and Europe. It appeals to scientists and students as well as travelers and general readers interested in this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 317 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030747015
    Series Statement: World Regional Geography Book Series,
    DDC: 910.021
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Oceanography. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Determination of cavities under the concrete slab anchoring the upper slopes of the Novosibirsk hydroe-lectric power station using standing waves -- Chapter 2: Acoustic measurements on synthetic fractured samples made using FDM 3D printing technology -- Chapter 3: Variational identification of the transport model parameters in the Azov Sea based on remote sensing data -- Chapter 4: Detached flows at rock salt exposition to aqueous solution -- Chapter 5: Innovative technologies for construction of horizontal and double-deck underground tanks in rock salt -- Chapter 6: Coastal geology and geomorphology of the Kasatka Bay (Iturup Island, South Kuril Islands, SE Russia) -- Chapter 7: The movement of the particles around cylindrical particle in a shear flow -- Chapter 8: Internal Gravity Waves Fields Dynamics in Vertically Stratified Horizontally Inhomogeneous Medium. .
    Abstract: This book corresponds to the fifth volume of the series focused on Processes in GeoMedia and their research on the dynamic of natural systems, including theoretical and experimental studies of the processes occurring in the earth's bowels, the ocean, and the atmosphere. This volume pays particular attention to geomechanical aspects of the production of hydrocarbons. This fifth volume of Processes in GeoMedia corresponds to the English edition of the journal Processes in GeoMedia, published originally in Russian.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 271 p. 129 illus., 69 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030858513
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Earth sciences. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part-I: Evolution and Development of Drainage System -- 1. Drainage basin as a system unit (case study of gully basin or river basin) -- 2. Geomorphic threshold and evolution of drainage system (case study of badland) -- 3. Mechanics and landforms of drainage system (case study of badland / river) -- 4. System of stream classification (case study of ephemeral gully basin) -- 5. Controlling factors of drainage system (case study of badland /Plateau regions) -- Part-II: Drainage Basin Morphology -- 1. Morphometric properties of Drainage Basin (case study of badland /Plateau regions) -- 2. Quantitative analysis of Drainage Basin (case study of badland /Plateau regions) -- 3. Hypsometry curve analysis (case study analysis) -- 3. Alluvial Fan Morphology (case study of Hillslope / Estuarine) -- 4. Bed Morphology of drainage basin (case study of ephemeral gully basin / Mountain River / Plateau River) -- Part-III: Drainage Basin Hydrology and Modelling -- 1. River Hydraulics properties (case study of badland /Plateau regions) -- 2. Hydrological frequency-magnitude analysis (case study analysis) -- 3. Estimation of Rainfall-runoff with computations (case study analysis) -- 4. Flood risk analysis (case study analysis) -- 5. Ground water prospecting and modelling -- 6. GIS based hydrologic modelling -- Part-IV: Drainage Basin Sedimentology -- 1. Sediment properties: particle size distribution (case study analysis) -- 2. Estimation of erosion and sediment yieldModelling (GIS based) -- 3. Sediment facies analysis (case study analysis) -- 4. Bed load sediment transport modeling (case study analysis) -- 5. River deposition and fluvial landforms (case study analysis) -- 6. Geo-chemical analysis of sediment -- Part-V: Human Interference/interventions on Drainage Basin -- 1. Cheek dam impact (case study analysis) -- 2. River embankments (case study analysis) -- 3. Dams construction (case study analysis) -- 4. Barrage/Bridge construction (case study analysis) -- 5. Sand mining/ stone quarrying (case study analysis) -- 6. Landuse changes(deforestation, urbanization, agricultural expansion) and sediment yield (case study analysis) -- 7. River pollution and channel changes -- Part-VI: Drainage Basin Management -- 1. Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology using RS and GIS (Machine learning algorithm, SWAT etc) -- 2. River water management under watershed using geospatial techniques -- 3. Integrated river basin management and geostatistics -- 4. Management of Ecological Variability (ecological flow) and Pollution of the Hyporheic Zone using Geospatial techniques -- 5.. Social engineering and river basin management -- 6. Basin management and regional planning.
    Abstract: This volume provides a versatile introduction to the study of drainage basin evolution, morphology, drainage basin hydrology and sedimentology, human interference, natural and anthropogenic hazards and various management techniques. This book offers the responsible factors of sediment yield and their absolute and specific growth and rate of delivery through tributaries to the main streams. Rivers are important geomorphic agents which reflect an amazing variety of form and behaviour, showing the wide range of natural environment in which they are originated. The drainage system evolution and spatial network development within the dynamic nature are being discussed and how they are adjusted in the geomorphic time scale over the millions of years. This book shows how drainage systems function and react to change and why this thoughtful is required for flourishing integrated basin management. In tropical and sub-tropical countries population pressures as well as different developmental projects are being executed on the drainage basin without proper planning. Today scientists consider drainage basin as an administrative unit during implementation of regional projects. In this context this book will carry a bench mark for scholars and young scientists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 568 p. 289 illus., 258 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030796341
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geography. ; Human geography. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Economic geography. ; Demography. ; Population. ; Regional Geography. ; Human Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Geology. ; Economic Geography. ; Population and Demography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I: Geographical Position, Borders And Size Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 1. Geographical Position, Spatial Coverage And Size Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 2. Borders Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Part II: Physical Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 3. Geology And Geotectonics Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 4. Geomorphology Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 5. Climatology Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 6. Hydrography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 7. Pedogeography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 8. Biogeography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Part III: Human Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 9. Historical Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 10. Political Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 11. Population Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 12. Urban And Rural Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Part IV: Economic Geography Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 13. Natural Resources Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 14. Economic Development Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Part V: Geographic Regions Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Chapter 15. Geographic Regionalization And Regions Of Bosnia And Herzegovina -- Index.
    Abstract: This monograph provides a comprehensive overview of fundamental scientific insights into the geographical features of a country which was and still is in the centre of the geopolitical battle of the large world powers and especially neighboring countries. The book presents the scientifically proven reserves of individual resources such as: mineral riches, land, forests, flora and fauna, water and climate features, to the extent needed, through statistical indicators and geographic maps. The authors point to features and specifics of the existing interdependence of economic and political development and impact of natural resources on spatial development which can be useful for potential investors, spatial planers, decision makers, politicians, geographers, students, large Bosnian diaspora and anyone interested in area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This book fills the gap in geographical literature on Bosnia and Herzegovina in the English language. The monograph appeals to researchers and scholars of all levels in the fields of geography, geopolitics, history and related fields and everyone interested in this country between East and West.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 413 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030985233
    Series Statement: World Regional Geography Book Series,
    DDC: 910.021
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Geomorphology. ; Geography. ; Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geomorphology. ; Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part-A: Introduction to the Disasters and Hazards in the Himalayan Terrains -- 1. Disasters in the Complex Himalayan Terrains -- 2. Hazards in the perspective of Himalayan Terrain: A review -- Part-B: Landslides in the Himalayas – Causes and Consequences -- 3. Himalayan Landslides – Causes and Evolution -- 4. Landslides in the Himalayas: Causes, Evolution, and Mitigation – A Case Study of National Highway 44, India -- 5. Geo-environmental Impact of Road Widening Project along the National Highway- 44A, Jammu & Kashmir, India -- Part-C: Floods in the Himalayas – Causes and Consequences -- 6. September 2014 floods in Kashmir Himalaya - Impacts and Mitigation Strategy -- 7. A review on the estimation of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Himalayan region using remote sensing and geographic information system -- 8. Impact of Floods on the Green Energy Sector in the Himalayas using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) – A case study of Gagas Watershed, Uttarakhand, India -- Part-D: Earthquakes in the Himalayas – Assessment and Forecasting -- 9. Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry to Measure Earthquake Related Deformation: A Case Study from Nepal -- 10. Earthquake Forecasting in the Himalayas using Artificial Neural Networks -- Part-E: Hazard mitigation strategies in the Himalayas -- 11. Forest Fire Alert System of India with a Special Reference to Fire Vulnerability Assessment of the UT of Jammu and Kashmir -- 12. Hazard mitigation and climate change in the Himalayas – Policy and Decision making.
    Abstract: South Asia, harboring the complex Himalayan terrains, has over one-fifth of the world’s population and is recognized as the most hazard-prone region of the world. The exponential increase in population with the consequent pressure on natural resources and continued high rates of poverty and food insecurity also makes this region the most vulnerable region to hazards in the world as far as the impacts of climate change are concerned. Over the last century, the climatic trends in South-Asia have been observed to be characterized by increasing air temperatures and an increasing trend in the intensity and frequency of extreme events. IPCC (2014) has reported that the Himalayan highlands shall face significant warming over the next century. The increasing frequency of natural hazards due to the impacts of climate change in the Himalayas calls for efficient management and policymaking in these regions, which can only be implemented by the local governments through an established science-based robust action plan. This edited volume focuses on the management of natural hazards using innovative techniques of spatial information sciences and satellite remote sensing. It contains chapters from eminent researchers and experts in the field of hazard management, remote sensing, and GIS. The primary focus of this book is to replenish the gap in the available literature on the subject by bringing the concepts, theories, and practical experiences of the specialists and professionals in this field together in one volume to help students, researchers, and policymakers to address issues concerning management and policy implications of natural hazards in the complex Himalayan region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 182 p. 76 illus., 65 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030893088
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Economic geography. ; Human geography. ; Geography. ; Geology. ; Regional Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Economic Geography. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: PART I - INTRODUCTION, POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY, ETHNIC GROUPS AND RELIGIONS -- Introduction -- I.1. General geographical features of Albania -- I.2. Historical and Political Geography -- I.3. Ethnic Groups and Religions -- I.3.2. Religions -- PART II - LANDSCAPE OF ALBANIA -- II.1. Geological construction -- II.2. The relief -- II.3. Climate -- II.4. Waters -- II.5. Soils -- II.6. Flora and fauna -- II.7. Albanian natural and cultural heritage -- PART III - DEMOGRAPHICS -- III.2. Sociocultural features -- III.2. Sociocultural features -- PART IV - THE ECONOMY -- PART V - GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS -- INDEX.
    Abstract: This book is one of the first to give a comprehensive and detailed overview of the complete geography of Albania in English. It highlights the most important and manifold potentials of nature, society and economy of Albania as well as development problems during different time periods. One focus lies on Albania's perspectives and challenges for the future. Beside natural aspects also topics such as migration, poverty, social situation, economy, urban development, regional disparities among others are discussed. This book appeals to academics and researchers of geography, regional development and related disciplines as well as teachers and students of geography, geology, natural sciences, social sciences, economics. The book is also attractive for media representatives, tourists and other interested individuals travelling to Albania.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 255 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030855512
    Series Statement: World Regional Geography Book Series,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Geographic information systems. ; Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Soil Science. ; Geographical Information System. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Dedication -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- 1. Soil erosion: The general problem -- 1.1 The soil, and its erosion -- 1.2 Scope of soil erosion -- 1.3 A brief history of soil loss -- 1.4 Soil as a finite resource -- 1.5 Summary -- 2 The case of agricultural catchments -- 2.1 Erosion factors in a distinct landform -- 2.2 On-site and off-site consequences -- 2.3 The human agent -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 The physical process -- 3.1 The basics of hillslope erosion -- 3.2 Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) -- 3.3 CAESAR-Lisflood a landscape evolution model -- 3.4 Morgan-Morgan-Finney (MMF) -- 3.5 Summary -- 4 Spatial variation in the catchment -- 4.1 Discrete spatial units -- 4.2 A suite of continuous variables -- 4.3 Summary -- 5 Earth-based observations -- 5.1 Spectral indices: spectral signatures and mathematical expressions -- 5.2 Classification -- 5.3 Synergy of RS data in catchment models -- 5.4 Close range analysis -- 5.5 Summary -- 6 Predicting erosion risk: from expert knowledge to data mining -- 6.1 The Topographic Threshold -- 6.2 Expert-based systems -- 6.3 The data-mining approach -- 6.4 Fuzzy logic -- 6.5 Summary -- 7 Health of the remaining soil -- 7.1 The soil health index -- 7.2 Statistical analysis and pre-processing -- 7.3 Mapping soil health -- 7.4 Summary -- 8 Decision-making -- 8.1 Decision-making in soil conservation -- 8.2 The simple expert system -- 8.3 GISCAME -- 8.4 Summary -- References -- Index -- Nomenclature.
    Abstract: Degradation of agricultural catchments due to water erosion is a major environmental threat at the global scale, with long-lasting destructive consequences valued at tens of billions of dollars per annum. Eroded soils lead to reduced crop yields and deprived agroecosystem’s functioning through, for example, decreased water holding capacity, poor aeration, scarce microbial activity, and loose soil structure. This can result in reduced carbon sequestration, limited nutrient cycling, contamination of water bodies due to eutrophication, low protection from floods and poor attention restoration—consequences that go far beyond the commonly modelled soil loss and deposition budgets. This book demonstrates, using data from the Harod catchment in northern Israel, how cutting-edge geoinformatics, data science methodologies and soil health indicators can be used to measure, predict, and regulate these major environmental hazards. It shows how these approaches are used to quantify—in time and space—the effect of water erosion not only on the soil layer, soil minerals, and soil loss, but also on the wide-range of services that agricultural ecosystems might supply for the benefit and well-being of humans. The algorithms described in this book play a major role in this paradigm shift and they include, for example, extraction of photogrammetric DEMs from drone's data, advanced drainage structure calculations, fuzzy process-based modelling and spatial topographic threshold computations, multicriteria analyses and expert-based systems development using analytic hierarchal processes, innovative data-mining and machine learning tools, autocorrelation and interpolation of soil health, physically-based soil evolution models, spatial decision support systems and many more.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 349 p. 159 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030915360
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Identification of the parameters to estimate the capillary rise from shallow groundwater table using field crop experiments -- Study of Groundwater Table fluctuation in the command area of Bhagwanpur Distributary of the Eastern Gandak Project -- Assessment of heavy metals in sediments from exploratory wells for riverbank filtration sites impacted by extreme environmental conditions using principal component analysis -- Simulation of re-aeration coefficient using ANFIS and ARIMA models -- Identification of unknown number of clandestine groundwater pollution source locations and their release flux histories - by Anirban Chakraborty and Om Prakash. .
    Abstract: This book deals with topics of current interest, such as climate change, floods, drought, and hydrological extremes. The impact of climate change on water resources is drawing worldwide attention these days, for water resources in many countries are already stressed and climate change along with burgeoning population, rising standard of living, and increasing demand are adding to the stress. Further, river basins are becoming less resilient to climatic vagaries. Fundamental to addressing these issues is hydrological modelling which is covered in these books. Further, integrated water resources management is vital to ensure water and food security. Integral to the management is groundwater and solute transport. The books encompass tools that will be useful to mitigate the adverse consequences of natural disasters. This book provides many new and innovative methods to assess groundwater and estimate water pollution. Groundwater recharge, solute transport, ground water modelling are some of the important variable used to estimate the groundwater movement, hydraulic gradient and pollution movement. The water quality is another important variable of river Ganga and its tributaries in India and other rivers over the globe. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 410 p. 178 illus., 136 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031095511
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 119
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cartography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Cartography. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction to “Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya” -- 2. Application of remote sensing and GIS in land cover/land use mapping and change detection using Google Earth Engine platform: a case study in northwestern Libya -- 3. Evaluation of selected vegetation indices to assess rangeland vegetation in eastern Libya -- 4. Spatiotemporal analysis of Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and drought patterns in Libya based on remote sensing time series -- 5. Integration of remotely sensed data and machine learning technique for spatial prediction of selected soil properties in northwestern Libya -- 6. Field and laboratory estimation of soil erodibility, erosion and degradation of the semi-arid Aljabal Alkhdar region, Libya -- 7. DRAINMOD applications to design drainage systems in Libya using soil salinity data predicted by GIS, remote sensing and Artificial Neural Networks -- 8. Surface water potential and suitable sites identification for RWH in the semi-arid and arid watershed of Wadi Sammalus, northeast Libya using GIS and Remote Sensing approach -- 9. Stepwise approach for morphometric modeling of Wadi Zamzam watershed in north-western Libya using GIS and remote sensing techniques -- 10. Geospatial mapping and analysis of the 2019 Flood Disaster extent and impact in the city of Ghat in southwestern Libya using Google Earth Engine and deep learning technique -- 11. Oil pollution monitoring and detection using GIS and remote sensing techniques: case study from Libya -- 12. Conclusions, and Recommendations for Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya.
    Abstract: This book addresses the environmental challenges that Libya and similar countries in the regions are currently facing. Each chapter of this book provides a methodology using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS) dealing with one of these environmental challenges such as monitoring and mapping soil salinity and prediction of soil properties, monitoring and mapping of land degradation, spatiotemporal land use/cover, agricultural drought monitoring, hydrological applications such as spatial rainfall distribution, surface runoff, geo-morphometric analysis, flood hazard assessment and mapping, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling, pollution hazard assessment, and climate-related geophysical processes. This book also assesses the impacts of climate change on natural resources using both RS and GIS, as well as other applications, covering different parts of Libya. This book is beneficial for graduate students, researchers, policy planners, and stakeholders in Libya as well as other countries that share similar environmental issues. Also, the methodologies followed in the book's chapters can be applied to any other regions around the world with similar landscapes and climatic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 249 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030978105
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 43
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Paleontology . ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical Geography. ; Paleontology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- Part I. Lake Studies and Types of Lakes in Mongolia -- 2. Lake Studies in Mongolia: An overview -- 3. Formation and Evolution of Lakes in Mongolia -- 4. Genesis of Lakes in Mongolia -- 5. Classification of Lakes in Mongolia -- Part II. Landscape Evolution of Large Lakes in Mongolia and Their Paleoclimate Records -- 6. Landscape, Lake Distribution and Evolution in Eastern Mongolia.-7. Lake Buir -- 8. Lake Khukh -- 9. Landscape, lake distribution and evolution in southern Mongolia -- 10. Lake Buun Tsagaan -- 11. Lake Ulaan -- 12. Landscape, Lake Distribution and Evolution in Western Mongolia -- 13. Lake Uvs -- 14. Lake Khoton -- 15. Landscape, lake distribution and evolution in northern Mongolia -- 16. Lake Khuvsgul -- 17. Lake Khargal -- 18. Landscape, Lake Distribution and Evolution in Central Mongolia -- 19. Lake Terkhiin Tsagaan -- 20. Lake Ugii -- 21. Paleoclimatic patterns recorded in Lakes of Mongolia -- Part III. Scientific, Economic and Touristic Significances of Lakes in Mongolia -- 22. Future Directions of Lake Study in Mongolia -- 23. Economic Values of Lakes in Mongolia -- 24. Touristic Prospects of Lakes in Mongolia.
    Abstract: This book provides an overview of lakes in Mongolia from scientific, economic and scenic points of view, presenting lake area changes, their sedimentological and geochemical characteristics, valuable economic and geoheritage resources and paleoclimate change reconstruction. The book emphasizes internationally well-known lakes of Mongolia, but it also describes far less popular lakes which have remained unrecognized for scientific importance. The book offers modern, qualitative, process-oriented approaches and quantitative analytic results-based implications to understand the geomorphological, sedimentological and geochemical evolution of lake basins in Mongolia, and past and present climate changes in Mongolia and Eurasia. Insights into the interpretation of data obtained from the lake basins in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, geochemistry, geochronology and paleoclimatology are developed from theoretical principles, empirical observations, correlative illustrations, analytic measurements and conscious hypotheses. Based on the application of a combined compilation of recent Landsat 8 images of the lakes and topographic maps of them in 1970, this book presents enriched results and implications derived from remote sensing together with field measurements and laboratory analyses. This data compilation belongs to a research team at the Laboratory of Geochemistry and Geomorphology (LGG), National University of Mongolia (NUM).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 452 p. 113 illus., 104 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030991203
    Series Statement: Syntheses in Limnogeology,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: A general description of karsts in Hungary -- The history of Hungarian karst and cave research -- An interpretation of karstification and karst processes by Hungarian researchers -- Geology of karsts in Hungary -- Paleokarst in Hungary -- The Hydrogeology of karsts in Hungary -- The Geomorphic Evolution of karsts and karstic surfaces in Hungary -- The surface morphology of karsts in Hungary -- The GIS research of karsts in Hungary -- The caves of Aggtelek karst -- The caves of Bükk Mountains -- The caves of the northeastern part of the Transdanubian Mountains (70.000) -- The caves of the southwestern part of the Transdanubian Mountains -- The caves of Mecsek Mountains -- The caves of Villány Mountains -- Monitoring and geochemical investigations of caves in Hungary: implications for climatological, hydrological and speleothem formation processes -- Sedimentation, taphonomical processes and paleontological values of Hungarian Caves -- Age depositional environment and geochemistry of calcareous sinter deposits from Hungary -- The vegetation of karsts in Hungary -- The fauna of karsts in Hungary -- Geoecology of Hungarian karsts.
    Abstract: This book describes Hungarian karst areas and Hungarian karst research results. The chapters present the general characteristics of karst areas, their geology, their paleokarst, their hydrology, their surface and subsurface morphology (more significant caves are classified according to karst areas and their morphology and development is described), ecology and flora and fauna. This book also includes a separate chapter which deals with the history of Hungarian karst and cave research. Another chapter deals with theories that were made during Hungarian karst researches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 629 p. 469 illus., 336 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030929602
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Landscape ecology. ; Physical Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Landscape Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction to the Physical Geography of Austria: Geological and Tectonic Setting of Austria -- Geomorphological Landscape Regions of Austria -- The Imprint of Quaternary Processes on the Austrian Landscape -- River and Valley Landscapes -- Karst Landscapes in Austria -- Geomorphic Hazards in Austria -- Geoheritage, Geotourism and Landscape Protection in Austria -- Part 2: Geomorpic Hotspots of High Scenic Quality and/or High Scientific Interest: Granite Tors of the Waldviertel Region in Lower Austria -- Deeply Incised Valley Meanders of the Bohemian Massif -- Wachau World Heritage Site: A Diverse Riverine Landscape -- Sunken Roads and Palaeosols in Loess Areas in Lower Austria – Landform Development and Cultural Importance -- The Danube Floodplain National Park – A Fluvial Landscape with Expiration Date? -- Lake Neusiedl Area: A Particular Lakescape at the Boundary between Alps and Pannonian Basin -- Quaternary Landforms and Sediments in the Northern Alpine Foreland of Salzburg and Upper Austria -- The Walgau – a Landscape Shaped by Landslides -- Fluvial Geomorphology and River Restoration: Tiroler Lech Nature Park -- The World Heritage Site Hallstatt-Dachstein/Salzkammergut – a Fascinating Geomorphological Field Laboratory -- Gesäuse – River Gorge, Limestone Massifs and Sediment Cascades -- The Rax Karst Massif – a Typical Plateau of the Northern Calcareous Alps? -- Montafon – Geodiversity and Human Impact -- Giant „Bergsturz“ Landscapes in the Tyrol -- The Upper Ötz Valley – High Mountain Landscape Diversity and Long Research Tradition -- The Moraine at Trins and the Alpine Lateglacial -- The Krimml Waterfalls in the Hohe Tauern National Park -- Großglockner and Pasterze Glacier – Landscape Evolution at Austria’s Highest Summit and its Neighbouring Glacier System -- Gorges and Slots - Three Examples of Geomorphosites in Western Carinthia -- Rock Glaciers in the Austrian Alps – A General Overview with a Special Focus on Dösen Rock Glacier, Hohe Tauern Ran -- The Ore of the Alps UNESCO Global Geopark (Salzburg) – Geosites and Geotourism -- The Variability and Uniqueness of Cirque Landscapes in the Schladminger Tauern -- The Erzberg Area: A Mining Landscape in Styria -- Dobratsch – Landslides and Karst in Austria’s Southernmost Nature Park -- Klagenfurt Basin – A Large Basin in the Alps -- Geomorphological Evidence of Past Volcanic Activity in the Southeast of Austria.
    Abstract: This book intends to identify and publicize the unique features of Austrian geomorphology. In a country which stretches from the core of the European Alps to the Hungarian plain there is huge variety of landforms and landscapes. This book reveals that variety. Part 1 sets the context of the Austrian landscape as a whole. Part 2 is the core of the volume and comprises a careful selection of the most outstanding landscapes in Austria. Each of the chapters results from detailed research conducted by an author over many years. Austria’s landscapes are especially attractive because of the great variety of topographic slopes, geologic foundations and the special landscape legacy from the Quaternary period. Glacial and Karst landscapes dominate, but there are superb examples of granite weathering landscapes and geologically recent volcanism. Part 3 is the editor’s original and creative contribution. It emphasizes the importance of geomorphology as a natural resource. Tourism relies upon geomorphology and many national, aesthetic and cultural values are influenced by that geomorphology. The book is lavishly illustrated with about 300 color images and is securely based on scientific scholarship.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 496 p. 368 illus., 353 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030928155
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Water. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Water. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. River Health and Ecology: Perspective View and Approach -- Chapter2. Arthropods: an important bioindicator to decipher the health of the water of South Asian Rivers -- Chapter3. Anthropogenic stress on river health: with special reference to Kangsabati river, West Bengal, India -- Chapter4. Role of modern biotechnology in the era of river water pollution -- Chapter5. Assessment of chitinolytic bacteria isolated from zooplankton of freshwater ecosystem -- Chapter6. Microplastics in freshwater riverine systems: brief profile, trophic level transfer and probable remediation -- Chapter7. Assessment of River Health through Water and Biological Characteristics -- Chapter8. Estimating Water Quality of the Sundarban Coastal Zone (India) using Landsat Series Satellite Data and Ground Observations -- Chapter9. Anthropogenic impacts on hydro-morphodynamic behaviour in the middle - lower course of Subarnarekha river, India -- Chapter10. Perturbation of the health of riverine ecosystem and its impact on the biogeochemical, ecological and molecular perspectives -- Chapter11. Assessment of habitat quality in quarried reach of alluvial river -- Chapter12. Physicochemical and microbial indicators for water quality assessment in an industrial catchment of river Damodar, India -- Chapter13. Assessment of heavy metal concentration in selected fish species in Subarnarekha River, India -- Chapter14. Assessment of water pollution and aquatic toxicity of the Churni River, India -- Chapter15. River corridor mapping and monitoring using Geospatial Technology -- Chapter16. Micro-plastic pollution in freshwater systems: A potential environmental threat -- Chapter17. Sand and Gravel Mining and its Consequences on Morphometry of Raidak-II River in Eastern Dooars, India -- Chapter18. Resuscitating the regional rivers: a crusade against cauvery crisis and coloured legislations.
    Abstract: This volume reviews recent hydrological and environmental issues resulting from human-induced water pollution practices while providing case studies on the physical, chemical, and eco-biological techniques used to mitigate the impacts of river ecosystem pollution in South Asian countries. The book demonstrates the key methods of measurement, monitoring, mapping, and modeling of river water quality and how it is impacted by pollution and incorporates contemporary geospatial technological applications for the management and sustainability of future water resources. The major topics that the book addresses are the fundamental concepts of river ecosystem health, riverine ecology and habitats, risk assessment of riverine pollution, and technology-based river pollution control strategies. The book will serve as an interdisciplinary guide for researchers, students, and GIS specialists working in various disciplines, including pollution hazards, river ecosystem restoration, water quality, remote sensing, zoology, natural resources management, and environmental geography. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 420 p. 118 illus., 107 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030835538
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Soil science. ; Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Geographic information systems. ; Physical Geography. ; Soil Science. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface by Series Editor -- Foreword -- Author biographies -- Physical environment -- Landscapes and landforms -- Geoheritage and landscape protection -- Index. .
    Abstract: Landscapes and Landforms of the Slovakia provides an attractive physiographical overview of the most prominent landscapes of Slovakia and the distinctive landforms associated with them. It describes the main driving factors leading to their evolution and importance for geoconservation and geotourism. The richly illustrated book provides the reader with enjoyable and informative descriptions of the selected sites within their regional geographical and geological settings range from the Tatras Mts. with glacially shaped relief as the highest region in the Carpahians to caves and lowlands taking into account fluvial, gravity-induced, karst and structural landscapes of the Slovakia. The book is organized in 3 parts: a) Introduction, which presents a general framework of the physical geography of Slovakia, b) Geomorphological landscapes, presenting papers dealing with key geomorphological areas, resp. landforms, c) Geoheritage and landscape protection, providing an updated vision on the geomorphological/geological heritage sites and landscape protection policy in Slovakia. The book will be relevant to scientists, scholars and any readers interested in geomorphology, geology, physical geography, geoheritage, landscape tourism and environmental protection. It can be also used for undergraduate and graduate courses in Earth and environmental sciences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 467 p. 331 illus., 316 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030892937
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Keywords: Environmental sciences Mathematics. ; Environmental management. ; Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Mathematical Applications in Environmental Science. ; Environmental Management. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Competitive Bioaccumulation by Ceratophyllum demersum -- Chapter2. Climate Change, Sustainability and Resilience in Egypt and Africa -- Chapter3. Mathematical Models Ensuring Freshwater of Coastal Regions in Arid and Semi-arid Zones -- Chapter4. Multicriteria Decision Making for Risks of Natural Disaster in Social Project Assessment -- Chapter5. Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of Chemical and Biological Reaction in Peat Solidification Work For Environmental Sustainability -- Chapter6. Green Energy Conversion System (GECS) -- Chapter7. Flood Risk Estimation and Mapping: Present Status and Future Challenges -- Chapter8. Trend Analysis of Rainfall: A Case Study of Surat City, India -- Chapter9. Risk Assessment Applications — Exposure, Safety, and Security -- Chapter10. Application and Control of Quadrotors -- Chapter11. Sustainable Wind Turbine Systems Based on On-line Fault Estimation and Fault Tolerant Control -- Chapter12. Deep Learning and its Environmental Applications.
    Abstract: Earth Systems Protection and Sustainability authorises imperatives to achieve sustainability and protect our threatened and vulnerable Earth. Mathematical advances in context incorporate operational and Boolean, as well as linguistic, logic-based Bayesian, and generative methods for scenario formation. Functional areas and deeper learning enable the use of searching algorithms, proffering optimal solutions for the circular nature of sustainability in natural ecosystems and human dominated settings. Key informative nodes are provided in the hope that we may moderate the very real dangers facing planet Earth and its biodiversity. An arena of insightful chapters is blended with social resilience and socio-economic development coverage, accentuating integrity, protection and sustainability within divergent climatic forces and species dynamics on Earth. Volume 2 focuses on bioaccumulation; climate change and resilience for co-operative socio-economic and ecosystem management via policy frameworks across sectors; mathematical modelling of freshwater in coastal regions in arid and semi-arid zones; decision making in natural disasters; peat solidification for environmentally sustainable geotechnical engineering; green energy conversion; flood risk mapping; rainfall analysis; exposure, safety, and security amidst increasing environmental contamination; remote handling vehicles; wind turbines; and deep learning and its environmental applications. Earth Systems Protection and Sustainability is addressed globally to communities, schools and researchers in professional, governmental and unit operations; descriptive and illustrative sections include all sectors to ensure Earth Systems Protection as our capacity reaches an unsustainable climax. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 330 p. 199 illus., 162 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030985844
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Keywords: Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Sedimentology. ; Geology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Sedimentology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Caves And Karst Of Turkey -- Turkey’s Karst And Water Resources -- Karst Hydrogeology Of Manavgat River Basin -- Karst Of Antalya Travertine, South West Of Turkey -- Geologic And Hydrogeologic Factors Affecting Sinkhole (Obruk) Development In Central Turkey -- Karst Areas Of Turkey -- Karst Springs Of Turkey -- Dumanli Karst Springs, Manavgat River, Antalya, Turkey -- Karst Hydrogeology In Geothermal Reservoirs -- Karstic Hot Water Aquifers In Turkey.
    Abstract: This book discusses Turkey's karst systems' most critical features, one of the world's most important karst areas. This publication has been prepared to assist geologists and professionals working in karst areas by solving several different problems, for example, to conduct groundwater analysis in regions with karstic depressions and examine subsidence problems through geotechnical and hydrogeological studies to solve dams' technical challenges from Karstic areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 118 p. 97 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030953614
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Paleontology . ; Geology. ; Paleontology. ; Genetics. ; Forensic archaeology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Paleontology. ; Geology. ; Paleogenetics. ; Forensic Archaeology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The early radiation of sauropodomorphs in the Carnian of South America -- Non-sauropodiform plateosaurians: between biped gracile and robust quadrupedal -- Non-gravisaurian Sauropodiformes of South America: early trends towards gigantism -- Gravisaurian sauropods from the late Early Jurassic from South America and the radiation of Eusauropoda -- Highly specialized diplodocoids: the Rebbachisauridae -- Whiplash tails and spiny backs in southwestern Gondwana: flagellicaudatans from South America -- The rise of non-titanosaur macronarians in South America -- Titanosauria: early diversification and systematics -- Time for giants: titanosaurs from the Aptian-Santonian age -- Last titans: titanosaurs from the Campanian-Maastrichtian age -- Eggs, nests and reproductive biology -- Body size evolution and locomotion in Sauropodomorpha: what the South American record tells us -- South American sauropodomorphs: what their bone histology has revealed to us? -- Sauropod ichnology: overview and new research lines from a South American perspective -- Taphonomy: overview and new perspectives related with the paleobiology of giants.
    Abstract: Sauropodomorpha Huene 1932 is one of the most successful groups of dinosaurs, including the most abundant and diverse herbivorous forms with a worldwide record, extending from the late Triassic to the late Cretaceous. Sauropodomorphs comprise a diverse assemblage of early forms (traditionally called “prosauropods”) and the well-established clade Sauropoda Marsh 1878. Early sauropodomorphs were small to medium sized forms, with long necks and reduced skulls, mostly bipeds and omnivores and were abundant in continental environments in the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic. With more than 150 valid species and a worldwide distribution, Sauropoda includes the dominant herbivorous dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. Its unique body plan, characterized by gigantic size, graviportal locomotion, long necks and tails, and reduced skulls, made this group an undisputed icon in popular culture since the 19th century. In South America, the sauropodomorph record is particularly rich and abundant, and many species have shed light to understand important milestones in the evolutionary history of this group of dinosaurs. The origin of Sauropodomorpha, the transition to Sauropoda, and the diversification of its most successful evolutionary lineages are largely exemplified by the South American fossil record. In this contribution, we synthetize the diversity of sauropodomorphs from South America, including data on their geographic and stratigraphic provenance, phylogenetics, paleobiology, taphonomy and behaviour, underscoring their significance within the context of sauropodomorph evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 582 p. 82 illus., 63 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030959593
    Series Statement: Springer Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Geology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1 -- Introduction to structural geology -- Chapter2 -- Attitudes of structures -- Chapter3 -- Stress. Chapter4 -- Strain -- Chapter5 -- Estimation of strain -- Chapter6 -- Rheology -- Chapter7 -- Concept of deformation -- Chapter8 -- Folds -- Chapter9 -- Faults -- Chapter10 -- Extensional Regime and Normal faults -- Chapter11 -- Contractional Regime and Thrust faults -- Chapter12 -- Strike-slip faults -- Chapter 13 -- Joints and fractures -- Chapter14 -- Foliation -- Chapter15 -- Lineation -- Chapter16 -- Mechanisms of rock deformation -- Chapter17 -- Shear zones -- Chapter18 -- Shear-sense indicators -- Chapter19.-Deformation and metamorphism -- Chapter20 -- Superposed folds.
    Abstract: This textbook is a complete, up-to-date, and highly illustrated account of Structural Geology for students and professionals, and includes fundamentals of the subject with field and practical aspects. The book aims to be highly reader-friendly, containing simple language and brief introductions and summaries for each topic presented, and can be used both to refresh overall knowledge of the subject as well as to develop models for engineering projects in any area or region. The book is presented in 20 chapters and divided into 3 parts: (A) Fundamental Concepts, (B) Structures: Geometry and Genesis, and (C) Wider Perspectives. For the first time as full chapters in a textbook, the book discusses several modern field-related applications in Structural Geology, including shear-sense indicators, and deformation and metamorphism. Also uniquely included are colored photographs, side by side with line diagrams, of key deformation structures not seen in other books before now. Boxes in each chapter expand the horizons of the reader on the subject matter of the chapter. Questions at the end of each chapter, and detailed significance of the key structures, provide a better grasping to students. Glossary at the end of the book is a refreshing aspect for the readers. Though written primarily for undergraduate and graduate students, the text will also be of use to specialists and practitioners in engineering geology, petrology (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic), economic geology, groundwater geology, petroleum geology, and geophysics, and will appeal to beginners with no preliminary knowledge of the subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 468 p. 608 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030807955
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geomorphology. ; Physical geography. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Environmental management. ; Engineering geology. ; Geomorphology. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Studies. ; Environmental Management. ; Geoengineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Section I: Climate Change and Rivers Response -- Large-scale sediment transport modelling: development, application, and insights -- An Appraisal to Anthropogeomorphology of the Chel River basin, Outer Eastern Himalayas and foreland, West Bengal, India -- Channel Migration Vulnerability in the Kaljani River basin of Eastern India -- Exploring change of river morphology and water quality in the stone mine areas of Dwarka River Basin, Eastern India -- An attempt to forecast seasonal precipitation in the Comahue River basins (Argentina) to increase productivity performance in the region -- Channel Instability in Upper Tidal Regime of Bhagirathi-Hugli River, India -- The pattern of extreme precipitation and river-runoff from gauge data in Eastern Nepal -- Climate change and its impact on catchment linkage and connectivity -- Inter-decadal variability of precipitation patterns increasing the runoff intensity in Lower reach of Shilabati River basin, West Bengal -- Section II: Land degradation, Resource Depletion and Livelihood Challenges -- Are the badlands of Tapi Basin in Deccan Trap Region of India “Vanishing Landscape -- Soil Piping: Problems and Prospects -- Role of LU & LC types on the spatial distribution of Arsenic contaminated tube wells of Purbasthali I & II Blocks of Burdwan District, West Bengal, India -- Forecasting the danger of the forest fire season in north-west Patagonia, Argentina -- Quantifying the Spatio-seasonal Water Balance and Land Surface Temperature Interface in Chandrabhaga River Basin, Eastern India -- Application of ensemble machine learning models to assess the sub-regional groundwater potentiality: a GIS-based approach -- Enhancement of natural and technogenic soils through sustainable soil amelioration products for a reduction of aeolian and fluvial translocation processes -- Assessment of land use and land cover change in the Purulia district, India using LANDSAT data -- "Prioritization of Watershed Developmental Plan by the Identification of Soil Erosion Prone Areas using USLE & RUSLE Methods for Sahibi Sub-Watershed of Rajasthan and Haryana state, India" -- Estimation of soil erosion using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) Model in Subarnarekha River Basin, India -- Land Cover Changes in Green Patches and its Impact on Carbon Sequestration in an Urban System, India -- Review on Sustainable Groundwater Development and Management Strategies Associated with the Largest Alluvial Multi-Aquifer Systems of Indo-Gangetic Basin in India -- Section III: Large Dams and River Systems -- Predicting the distribution of farm dams in rural South Africa using GIS and remote sensing -- Large Dams, Upstream Responses, and Riverbank Erosion: Experience -- Section IV: Climate Change, Geomorphic Hazards and human livelihood -- Climate Change and Human Performance: Assessment of Physiological Strain in Male Paddy Cultivators in Hooghly, West Bengal, India -- Study on Climate change and its impact on coastal habitats with special reference to ecosystem vulnerability of the Odisha coastline, India -- The Millennium Flood of the Upper Ganga Delta, West Bengal, India: A Remote Sensing Based Study -- Tropical Cyclone: A Natural Disaster with special reference to Amphan -- Observed changes in the precipitation regime in the Argentinean Patagonia and their geographical implication -- An assessment of severe storms, their impacts and social vulnerability in coastal areas: A case study of General Pueyrredon, Argentina -- Modelling and mapping landslide susceptibility of Darjeeling Himalaya using geospatial technology -- Climate change induced coastal hazards and community vulnerability in Indian Sundarban -- Sea-level changes along Bangladesh coast: how much we know about it? -- Assessing channel migration, bank erosion vulnerability and suitable human habitation sites in the Torsa River Basin of Eastern India using AHP model and geospatial technology.-Spatiotemporal Assessment of Drought Intensity and Trend Along With Change Point: A Study on Bankura District, West Bengal, India -- Landslide susceptibility assessment and management using advanced hybrid machine learning algorithms in Darjeeling Himalaya, India -- Predicting the landslide susceptibility in Eastern Sikkim Himalayan region, India using Boosted Regression Tree and REPTree machine learning techniques -- An Exploratory Analysis of Mountaineering Risk Estimation among the mountaineers in Indian Himalaya.
    Abstract: The edited book deals with climate change and its response to river system which is one of the most burning issues of the Global environment. Due to urbanization and industrialization land degradation and resource depletion are happening and promoting livelihood challenges in the world which is reflected in the book too. The book addresses the construction of dams over large rivers and its possible consequences in the environment. Changes of the hydrology and sedimentology are to be addressed in the book. The climate change phenomena and associated geomorphic hazards and contemporary environmental issues such as sea level rise, coastal flood, drought, wind erosion, flood, soil erosion, landslide, depletion of ground water, coastal erosion etc. are elaborated in the book with suitable methods and techniques. So this edited book will contribute a lot to general to particular filed of studies and will help to geographers, geomorphologists, environmentalists, planners, policy makers and developers for studies and promoting regional plans and development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 720 p. 376 illus., 343 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031045325
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 551.41
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Geographical Information System. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Why this Topic? -- Chapter 2-Global Warming Impact on Earth Systems -- Chapter 3-The IPCC Reports on Global Warming and Land Changes -- Chapter 4.NOAA Operational Environmental Satellites for Earth Monitoring -- Chapter 5-New Remote Sensing Vegetation Health Technology -- Chapter 6-Cause of Climate Warming -- Chapter 7- Land Cover Changes from Intensive Climate Warming -- Chapter 8-Global Warming Crop Yield and Food Security -- Chapter 9-Remote Sensing Malaria During Global Warming -- Chapter 10-Malaria Performance Trend During 1981-2022 -- Chapter 11-Remote Sensing Drought Watch and Food Security -- Chapter 12-Has Drought Intensified During 1981-2021 Global Warming?
    Abstract: This book discusses the detrimental consequences of climate-related land changes over a 40-year period between 1981 and 2020, and focuses on how climate warming is deteriorating the agricultural system due to excessive heat, lack of moisture and more intensive and widespread droughts leading to a reduction of agricultural production. Most of the existing literature on the unfavourable consequences of global warming for land are based on a relatively short period of weather station data, covering local land areas with limited networks and monitoring parameters. These concerns have led to the use of satellite data, whose measurements are controlled by such vegetation characteristics as chlorophyll, carotenoids, moisture contents in the plants and temperature inside the vegetation community. Therefore, the discussion of this book is completely based on high-resolution global land surface measurements by the sensors on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) operational afternoon polar-orbiting satellites. The book also focuses on understanding climate change impacts on land changes where humans are living, and combines biophysically-grounded methods and the 40-year data to develop models for monitoring large-scale Earth warming impacts on land and for timely prediction of climate consequences for humans. These 40-year trends in land characteristics will help to better inform the assessment of potential changes in the future and how to reach human sustainability. The book will of interest to scientists using satellite remote sensing to track climate change impacts on land over time, as well as students and researchers in climatology and environmental sustainability. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 462 p. 159 illus., 126 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030968106
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geomorphology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geomorphology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model: Milestones and Lessons Learned -- Developments relating to seismic action in the Eurocode 8 of next generation -- Hard as a rock? Reconsidering rock-site seismic response and reference ground motions -- Tomb Raiders of the Lost Accelerogram: A Fresh Look on a Stale Problem -- Mars from the InSight: Seismology beyond Earth -- GMPEs for Romania’s Vrancea intermediate depth seismic source -- Reliability-Based Liquefaction Triggering Assessment Framework: A Unified Approach for SPT-CPT-Vs -- Seismic detection efficiency of a new inexpensive MEMS sensor prototype: Application to micro-seismicity and distant moderate earthquakes.
    Abstract: This book encompasses the most challenging topics in earthquake engineering and seismology aiming at seismic risk reduction and reveals the outstanding progresses made in Europe in the past four years. Earthquakes pose a significant threat to countries around the world. But, equipped with the right knowledge and tools, engineers and seismologists can support policy and decision makers and building officials in creating a safer future for all of us. In this paradigm, the Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (3ECEES) is organized in Bucharest (Romania) in September 2022 by the Romanian Association for Earthquake Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest and National Institute for Earth Physics. This outstanding scientific event is the third in a series started in 2006 in Geneva, Switzerland and continued in 2014 in Istanbul, Turkey. The papers included in this book are written by the most prominent contemporary European scholars in the two-folded fields of 3ECEES. The Distinguished Nicholas Ambraseys, along with 28 invited lectures providing the best knowledge in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, are shared with the general readership of this book. The book is organized in three parts, as follows: (1) Seismicity, engineering seismology and seismic hazard, (2) Seismic risk assessment and mitigation, and (3) Structural earthquake engineering. The 29 contributed papers for this book are shared among these three parts almost equally. Chapter “The Challenge of the Integrated Seismic Strengthening and Environmental Upgrading of Existing Buildings” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 488 p. 244 illus., 201 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031151040
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geomorphology. ; Sedimentology. ; Physical geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Sedimentology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - Introduction -- Part 1 - Regional Setting -- Chapter 2. Quaternary climate variability and periglacial dynamics -- Chapter 3 - Periglacial Landforms Across Europe -- Part 2 - Periglacial Landforms in Southern Europe -- Chapter 4. The Iberian Peninsula -- Chapter 5. The Italian Peninsula -- Chapter 6. The Balkans (without Carpathians) -- Chapter 7. The Anatonian Peninsula -- Chapter 8. The Mediterranean islands -- Part 3 - Periglacial Landforms in Central and Eastern Europe -- Chapter 9. European Alps -- Chapter 10. The Central European Variscan ranges -- Chapter 11. The Carpathians -- Chapter 12. The North European Plain -- Part 4 - Periglacial Landforms in Northern Europe -- Chapter 13. Great Britain and Ireland -- Chapter 14. Scandinavia -- Chapter 15. Iceland -- Part 5 - Conclusions -- Chapter 16. The periglaciation of Europe.
    Abstract: This book comprehensively presents the geography of landforms linked to periglacial processes across Europe. The landscape of the European cold climate regions, both at high latitudes and in mountainous environments, represent the lingering, minimal expression of the glaciers. In addition, periglacial elements can be found in temperate regions, where temperatures no longer favor periglacial processes, so landforms are therefore inherited from previous cold phases. The book is divided into five parts: an introductory section on climate variability responsible for periglacial dynamics across Europe; a second part including 3 blocks on periglacial landforms in southern, central and northern Europe; and a final chapter providing a more general perspective on the impact of periglacial processes on the landscape of Europe. The book offers a valuable reference guide for scientists from all disciplines interested in cold climate processes, as well as readers outside academia (territorial managers, environmentalists, mountaineers, politicians, engineers, etc.). .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 523 p. 109 illus., 104 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031148958
    DDC: 551.41
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Paleoecology. ; Environmental archaeology. ; Physical geography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Earth sciences. ; Human ecology History. ; Paleoecology. ; Environmental Archaeology. ; Physical Geography. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental History.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: The Lakes: Approaches and Records of their Past and Present -- Chapter 1. Basin of Mexico and its lakes: Approaches and Research questions -- Chapter 2. Resources for Reconstructing the Ancient Lakes -- Chapter 3. Geographic Context and the Modern Environment -- Chapter 4. Geological Evolution of the Lacustrine Basins -- Chapter 5. Recent Sediments and Landforms -- Chapter 6. Lacustrine Change in the Late Quaternary -- Part II The lakes: Geography and Environmental Dynamics -- Chapter 7. A Geographic Sketch of the Historic Lakes -- Chapter 8. Models of Lacustrine Dynamics and Environments -- Chapter 9. Cultural Features in the Lacustrine Realm -- Chapter 10. Models of Lacustrine Features and Settlement Development -- PART III Lacustrine Systems in the Evolution of Civilization -- Chapter 11. From the Upper Pleistocene to the Agricultural Beginnings -- Chapter 12. The Lakes during the Agricultural Era -- Chapter 13. Late Aztec Settlement, Hydraulic Management, and Environment -- Chapter 14. The Lakes after 1519: War, Floods, and Drainage -- Chapter 15. Lacustrine Systems and Societies in the Basin of Mexico.
    Abstract: This book is a review of research on the prehistoric and historic evolution of the Basin of Mexico’s lacustrine systems since prehistoric times. Based on this review, the book presents a model of long and short-term natural lacustrine dynamics as the basis for understanding the processes of human adaptation and transformation of the lacustrine ecosystems of the Basin of Mexico. Although only remains of the former lakes exist, the book stresses the importance of the former lacustrine basins in areas of natural and cultural heritage. Many misconceptions and misinterpretations of the lakes exist due to little interdisciplinary work regarding the natural dynamics of the lakes and their control by human societies that affect our historical knowledge of the lacustrine systems that once existed in the Basin of Mexico. Therefore, the book attempts to not only feed into the local knowledge of the lakes, but also contribute to the worldwide knowledge of lacustrine dynamics and human populations that lived in and around them. The book will be of interest to geographers, geologists, archaeologists, natural historians and environmental scientists, and will be of further use to civil engineers who work on the problems of structural foundations and redesigning problems with flooding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 381 p. 33 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031127335
    DDC: 560.45
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Natural disasters. ; Environmental Studies. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Meta-Observation -- 2. What it Means to be El Niño Ready -- 3. Case study overviews -- 4. Africa -- 4.1 Ethiopia -- 4.2 Kenya -- 4.3 South Africa -- 4.4 Zimbabwe -- 5. Asia -- 5.1 China -- 5.2 Vietnam -- 5.3 The Philippines.
    Abstract: El Niño can have drastic effects on livelihoods in affected regions. As the climate changes, there will also be changes in El Nino behavior and therefor in its impacts around the globe on human activities such as agriculture, water resources and weather extremes. The country-specific studies covered in this book are undertaken by experts on climate, water and weather-related fields in the countries being studied. Furthermore, aspects from other disciplines, for example from social sciences have been drawn upon in order to cover crosscutting themes which are identified: depicting similarities and differences in responses to El Nino's impacts such as drought, floods, famines, health-related issues and the like.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 388 p. 127 illus., 116 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030865030
    Series Statement: Disaster Studies and Management,
    DDC: 333.707
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Physical geography. ; Biotechnology. ; Political planning. ; Risk management. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Biotechnology. ; Public Policy. ; IT Risk Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Forward -- 2. Introduction -- 3. Warning Systems: Past, Present, and State of the Art -- 4. Obstacles to Successful Warnings -- 5. Interdisciplinary Warning Research and Practice -- 6. Case Studies -- 7. Future Directions and Challenges -- 8. Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive description and analysis of natural hazard warnings, drawing on perspectives from the social sciences, physical sciences, and interdisciplinary fields such as disaster studies to articulate a distinction between traditional warnings and what might be called interdisciplinary warnings. Traditional warnings approach warning technology, design, and application from a principally scientific and technical perspective. Human factors, while considered, often are of secondary concern. Interdisciplinary warnings, on the other hand, maintain a critical emphasis on the technical merits of warning systems, but also ask, “Will psychological and community factors such as culture and structure shape how the system is used, and, if so, can this information be incorporated into system design preemptively to make it more effective?” Given the absence of systematic work on interdisciplinary warnings, a book-length monograph discussing and synthesizing knowledge from the various fields focused on warnings and warning response is of critical importance to both academics and practitioners. Broadly conceived, the book presents readers with an in-depth overview of warnings, interdisciplinary research, and interdisciplinary collaboration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 206 p. 18 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031050312
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Geochemistry. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Paleoecology. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Introduction -- Chapter 2-Biogeochemical processes -- Chapter 3-Taphonomy and diagenesis of seeps -- Chapter 4-Biota -- Chapter 5-Seeps around the world -- Chapter 6-Seeps as ecosystems -- Chapter 7-Evolution of seep communities over geological time -- Chapter 8-Cognate communities.
    Abstract: This volume details the function of hydrocarbon seeps, their evolution over time, the most important seep occurrences and the fauna present in ancient hydrocarbon seeps. While several publications exist that cover modern seeps and vents, fossil seeps only constitute a small component of the literature. As such, many geologists, stratigraphers and paleontologists, as well as undergraduates and graduate students, are not very familiar with ancient hydrocarbon seep deposits and their associated fauna. This text is the first to comprehensively discuss the nature of such animal groups and how to recognize them. In addition to summarizing available knowledge on these topics for specialists in the field, this book offers the background needed to be of use to students as well as the wider community of geologists and paleontologists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 687 p. 129 illus., 71 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031056239
    Series Statement: Topics in Geobiology ; 53
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Sustainability. ; Biotic communities. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Sustainability. ; Ecosystems.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Montane grasslands: Biomass estimations using remote sensing techniques and knowledge gap in Africa -- Chapter2. Unravelling regional Geodiversity: a GRID-MAPPING Approach to QUANTIFY GEODIVERSITY in the uThukela District, KwaZulu-Natal -- Chapter3. Monitoring the wildfire activity and ecosystem response on Mt. Kilimanjaro using Earth Observation data and GIS -- Chapter4. Ecological Vulnerability Assessment to Grassland Fires in a Protected Mountainous Area Using Remote Sensing and GIS -- Chapter5. Natural hazards magnitude, vulnerability and recovery strategies in the Rwenzori Mountains, Southwestern Uganda -- Chapter6. Assessing the Vulnerability of the Eastern Africa Highlands’ Soils to Rainfall Erosivity -- Chapter7. Development of Lightning Hazard Map for Fire Danger Assessment over Mountainous Protected Area using Geospatial Technology -- Chapter8. Water resources monitoring over the Atlas Mountains in Morocco using satellite observations and Reanalysis data -- Chapter9. Evaluating Settlement Development Change, Pre, and Post-1994 in the Drakensberg Mountains of Afromontane Region, South Africa -- Chapter10. Digital Soil Mapping for hydropedological purposes of the Cathedral Peak research catchments, South Africa -- Chapter11. Effect of Climate Variability and Change on Land Suitability for Irish Potato Production in Kigezi Highlands of Uganda.
    Abstract: This edited volume focuses on the use of remote sensing techniques to assess and monitor mountainous ecosystems in Africa, with a focus on tracking changes related to climate change and human activity. The book is timely, as the interaction of mountain environmental dynamics with conservation and sustainability is an under-researched issue. The chapters in this volume use remotely sensed data to study a variety of topics related to mountains and their ecosystems, including but not limited to vegetation, energy systems, environmental hazards, ecosystem services, diseases, climatic shifts, geological formations and geomorphological dynamics. The ability to monitor, assess and analyze mountainous regions is aided by the availability of remote sensing products such as optical and microwave sensors and low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The works presented here push the frontier of knowledge on mountain studies and will help shape local, national and global assessments and policies, including efforts toward the achievement of the African Agenda 2063. The book will be of interest to researchers and students in remote sensing, geography, ecology and sustainability, as well as to government organizations and conservation specialists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 247 p. 81 illus., 78 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031048555
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Africa, Sub-Saharan History. ; Soil science. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth Sciences. ; History of Sub-Saharan Africa. ; Soil Science. ; Environmental Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate variability in the Horn of Africa eastern countries -- Geology and geomorphological landscapes of Eritrea -- Geomorphology of Afar -- Geomorphology of Eritrean river systems -- Pleistocene landscape variability recorded in the Homo-bearing Dandero Basin (Eritrea) -- Landscape and landforms of the Samoti plain, Eritrean Danakil -- A review of the forest landscape evolution in Eritrea throughout the last century -- Landscape Change, Land Degradation, and Sustainable Land Management in the Central Highlands of Eritrea -- Land degradation in Eritrea and Djibouti -- Landscape and landforms of northern Somalia -- Inselberg landscape of the Bur Area in southern Somalia -- Fluvial landscape of the Daban basin, northern Somalia -- River hydromorphology and flood hazard in Somalia -- Use of repeat photography to monitor landscape changes and development in Somalia.. Index.
    Abstract: This book focuses on regions for which until now the geomorphology was very poorly studied and relatively unknown. Nevertheless, the landforms and landscapes of the Horn of Africa are highly attractive, diverse and in a few cases unique, since they span very different environments, from highland plateaus and mountains to lowlands (even below sea level) and coastlines with a high degree of diversity and from monsoon to arid climate conditions. The main topics addressed in the book include the links between the geological evolution and the current large scale geomorphology of the Horn of Africa; the large differences between the highlands and lowlands climate, river hydrology and their variation through time within a climate change perspective. This part of the world was home of the very first hominids. The landscape in which they lived and evolved throughout the Pleistocene is described in comparison with the arid and inhospitable, though immensely scenic, environment of today. Perennial and ephemeral rivers with very different morphology, processes and hydrology drain the area and when they are able to reach the sea they substantially contribute to determine the main coast and beach landforms. Their changes trough time, induced by both natural and anthropogenic factors are addressed by a couple of case studies. Though the region has few inhabitants they had to struggle to find their livelihood in a land that offers poor resources. This resulted in landscape change and land degradation. Examples of human impact on the landscape are presented at different scales. This book provides readers interested in geography and geomorphology with essential scientific and educational information on the Landscapes and Landforms of Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia through simple, though scientifically, rigorous texts illustrated with several color maps and photos. One main prerogative of this book is therefore to give an insight into a region of the world where, for geographical and historical constraints, geomorphological investigation was very limited, thus enriching its intrinsic informative value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 403 p. 446 illus., 411 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031054877
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Botany. ; Ecology Methodology. ; Ecology . ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Plant Science. ; Ecological Modelling. ; Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Methodology for ecological analysis -- Chapter 3. Ecology of Eastern Himalaya -- Chapter 4. Ecology of Western Himalaya -- Chapter 5. Climate change and plant invasions -- Chapter 6. Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book discusses plant invasions and environmental impacts on the Himalayas through a novel procedure, and helps to understand the influences of climate, physiography, soil, and disturbance on plant richness in mountain systems. Assessing invasion risks to mountain space under future climate change scenarios is highly significant for appropriate preparedness, and this book details analytical and modeling techniques to assess the conditions of mountain ecosystem and ecology to better inform our preparation for future environmental challenges. The book presents the state-of-the-art understanding of the species-environment relationships in a global biodiversity hotspot, relatively unexplored areas for the Himalayan life-form richness. The book provides not only the academic but also the professional community and policymakers a review and update on modeling applications for determining interactions of the plant species with the environment of a subtropical mountain ecosystem across a climatic gradient. Currently, there is no book in the market addressing the implementation and applications of modeling in the Himalayan plant and environment continuum, and most of the existing books cover the species richness pattern along the elevation gradient and basic ethnobotanical features of a mountain system. Since the book covers the applications of novel methods and modeling for ecological analysis of mountain ecosystems, it will also be significant for the professional market. Therefore, the book aims to fill the gap between scientists and professionals in the use of modeling strategies to monitor biodiversity in mountain systems for the formulation of conservation, adaptation, and mitigation principles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 172 p. 65 illus., 58 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031133473
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Role of nonlinear processes in infragravity waves evolution -- On the boundaries of paleostructures of the Ashamba river in the Blue bay near Gelendzhik according to broadband continuous seismic and acoustic profiling and GPS positioning -- Selection of the distribution of sea surface elevations for modeling the reflected pulse of the radio altimeter -- Adapting the method of directional unloading of the formation for low permeable deposits -- Simulation of filtration into a well taking into account of elastoplastic deformation near borehole -- Far Internal Gravity Waves Fields From Radially Symmetric Perturbation.
    Abstract: This book presents short papers of participants of the 7th International Scientific Conference-School for Young Scientists "Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Earth and Environment Processes" (Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences). The book includes theoretical and experimental studies of processes in the atmosphere, oceans, the lithosphere, and their interaction; environmental issues; problems of human impact on the environment; and methods of geophysical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 337 p. 162 illus., 96 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030995041
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 64
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Crustal architecture of the Pyrenees -- 2. Basin analysis: the sedimentary record of orogenic growth and decay -- 3. Cenozoic transformations of the mountain range: evidence from denudation chronology and landforms -- 4. Present-day environments -- 5. Synthesis and overview.
    Abstract: This book provides a synthesis of the physiography and geodynamics of the entire Pyrenean orogen and its foreland basins, providing the "big picture" (structure of the orogen and chronology of its formation, overview of its post-orogenic evolution, and Quaternary and recent landscape history). One part of the book proposes a 6–7 day itinerary across the eastern and east-central Pyrenees, two areas that currently provide the richest, best-documented, and most carefully curated database on the post-orogenic evolution of the mountain belt. The book deals with three complementary topics: (i) geodynamics, i.e. the long-term post-orogenic evolution of the Pyrenees since the declining stages of tectonic collision ca. 30 million years ago, and within the wider reference frame of Iberia, the Western Mediterranean, and the Atlantic margin; (ii) geomorphological processes and landforms that have conspired to shape the eastern part of the French and Spanish Pyrenees in response to base-level and climate-related changes over than same time period; (iii) geoheritage, i.e. educational vignettes of the flagship landscape units and typical geological sections of the study area. Written as a field guide, it is designed to help readers to construct discovery-based itineraries through the region (with options and variants depending on time and physical ability), allowing them to appreciate the key landscape and geoheritage features over the course of 1 week, with potential for much more. This GeoGuide is primarily aimed at confirmed geoscientists from most disciplines in Earth science, at postgraduate students engaged in field studies, and at curiosity-driven, educated amateurs keen to enhance their understanding of spectacular or enigmatic features encountered on their travels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 619 p. 283 illus., 274 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030842666
    Series Statement: GeoGuide,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 65
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Cartography. ; Physical geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Cartography. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. About this book -- Part I. Concepts, data and validation -- Chapter 2. Land Use Cover mapping, modelling and validation. A background -- Chapter 3. Validation of Land Use Cover maps: a guideline -- Chapter 4. Land Use Cover Datasets: a review -- Part II. Data access and visualization -- Chapter 5. Visualization and communication of LUC data -- Chapter 6. Sample data for thematic accuracy assessment in QGIS -- Part III. Tools to validate Land Use Cover maps: a review -- Chapter 7. Basic and Multiple-Resolution Cross Tabulation to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Chapter 8. Metrics based on a Cross-Tabulation matrix to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Chapter 9. Pontius Jr. methods based on a Cross Tabulation matrix to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Chapter 10. Validation of soft maps produced by a Land Use Cover Change model -- Chapter 11. Spatial metrics to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Chapter 12. Advanced pattern analysis to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Chapter 13. Geographically Weighted methods to validate Land Use Cover maps -- Part IV. Land Use Cover datasets: a review -- Chapter 14. Global general Land Use Cover datasets with a single date,- Chapter 15. Global general Land Use Cover datasets with a time series of maps -- Chapter 16. General Land Use Cover datasets for Europe -- Chapter 17. General Land Use Cover datasets for Africa -- Chapter 18. General Land Use Cover datasets for America and Asia -- Chapter 19. Global thematic Land Use Cover datasets characterizing vegetation covers -- Chapter 20. Global thematic Land Use Cover datasets characterizing agricultural covers -- Chapter 21. Global thematic Land Use Cover datasets characterizing artificial covers -- Chapter 22. Supra-national thematic Land Use Cover datasets.
    Abstract: This open access book represents a comprehensive review of available land-use cover data and techniques to validate and analyze this type of spatial information. The book provides the basic theory needed to understand the progress of LUCC mapping/modeling validation practice. It makes accessible to any interested user most of the research community's methods and techniques to validate LUC maps and models. Besides, this book is enriched with practical exercises to be applied with QGIS. The book includes a description of relevant global and supra-national LUC datasets currently available. Finally, the book provides the user with all the information required to manage and download these datasets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 462 p. 273 illus., 226 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030909987
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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  • 66
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Engineering. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Technology and Engineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Early Warning Systems and Their Role in Disaster Risk Reduction -- Chapter3. Connecting warning with decision and action: a partnership of communicators and users -- Chapter4. Connecting Forecast and Warning: a partnership between communicators and scientists -- Chapter5. Connecting Hazard and Impact – a partnership between physical and human science -- Chapter6. Connecting Weather and Hazard – a partnership of physical scientists in connected disciplines -- Chapter7. Predicting the weather – a partnership of observation scientists and forecasters -- Chapter8. Pulling it all together, end-to-end.
    Abstract: This book is about making weather warnings more effective in saving lives, property, infrastructure and livelihoods, but the underlying theme of the book is partnership. The book represents the warning process as a pathway linking observations to weather forecasts to hazard forecasts to socio-economic impact forecasts to warning messages to the protective decision, via a set of five bridges that cross the divides between the relevant organisations and areas of expertise. Each bridge represents the communication, translation and interpretation of information as it passes from one area of expertise to another and ultimately to the decision maker, who may be a professional or a member of the public. The authors explore the partnerships upon which each bridge is built, assess the expertise and skills that each partner brings and the challenges of communication between them, and discuss the structures and methods of working that build effective partnerships. The book is ordered according to the “first mile” paradigm in which the decision maker comes first, and then the production chain through the warning and forecast to the observations is considered second. This approach emphasizes the importance of co-design and co-production throughout the warning process. The book is targeted at professionals and trainee professionals with a role in the warning chain, i.e. in weather services, emergency management agencies, disaster risk reduction agencies, risk management sections of infrastructure agencies. This is an open access book.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 270 p. 49 illus., 45 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030989897
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth sciences. ; Natural disasters. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Earth Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Effect of bed permeability on flow turbulence in gravel-bed stream -- Study on Erosion and Undercut of Cohesive River Bank – An Experimental Approach -- Hydraulic design of reservoir in permeable pavement for mitigating urban storm water -- Analytical expression for measurement of discharge using conical obstruction in a small rectangular channel -- Efficient numerical algorithm for flow field around vertically submerged tandem and aligned circular cylinders. .
    Abstract: This book presents key principles of the hydraulics of river basins, with a unique focus on the interplay between stream flows and sediment transport. Addressing a number of basic topics related to the hydraulics of river systems, above all it emphasizes applicative aspects in order to provide the reader with a solid grasp of river engineering. The understanding of the river hydraulics is essential for the assessment of optimum locations for the conservation of water resources and its structures. This book will be interesting to readers and researchers working in the specialized area of river hydraulics of Ganga basin, Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, and other basins of India. It consists of review on hydraulics of meandering river; hydraulic design of reservoir in permeable pavement; optimization of hydraulic design; hydraulic investigations to optimize the design of spillway and design of energy dissipater; and analysis of performance of orifice spillway using computational fluid dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 471 p. 284 illus., 187 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030817688
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 110
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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  • 68
    Keywords: Environment. ; Natural disasters. ; Bioclimatology. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Climate Change Ecology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Resilience, Adaptation and Migration: Exploring the Range of Human Response to Climatic Change -- Chapter 2. Spatio-temporal variation of drought events over eastern Rajasthan (India): A geo-spatial approach -- Chapter 3. Evaluation of Hydro-geomorphic Response to Climate Change in North Sikkim District, Sikkim, India -- Chapter 4. Disasters, Climate Change and Migration Issues in Fiji and the Pacific: An Overview -- Chapter 5. Assessing the Microclimatic Environmental Indicators of Climate Change of a Temperate Valley in the Western Himalayan region -- Chapter 6. Is technology the nexus between climate change and disaster induced human displacement? -- Chapter 7. Climate Change Hazard Perception and Gender Empowerment for Resilience in the regions of Tropical Asia -- Chapter 8. Climate Change and the Rising Hazard Potential in Lahaul & Spiti: Himachal Pradesh -- Chapter 9. Climate Change and Disaster-induced Displacement in Global South: A Review -- Chapter 10. Climate Change, Disaster and Adaptations - Human Responses to ecological changes -- Chapter 11. Assessing Impact of Climate variability on potential agricultural land suitability in Nalanda District, Bihar -- Chapter 12. Adaptation of the Agri-based Society to Environmental Changes in Thar Desert -- Chapter 13. Human response towards COVID-19 pandemic in terms of adaptation, displacement and climate change in India -- Chapter 14. Human adaptation during Covid-19 Pandemic: the role of perceived stress and resilience -- Chapter 15. Evolutionary forces and Human migration: How sapiens conquered the world -- Chapter 16. Adjustment of the Coastal Communities in response to Climate variability and sea level rise in the Sundarban, West Bengal, India -- Chapter 17. ANALYSING THE VEHICLE INDUCED AIR POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACT IN THE AZADPUR MANDI, DELHI -- Chapter 18. Human Mobility Response to Natural Disasters and Environmental Change -- Chapter 19. Temperature and Rainfall Extremes over Southern India (1969-2014): Frequency Distribution and Trends.
    Abstract: This volume examines how local communities respond and adapt to ecological changes and disasters resulting from climate change. The main aim of the book is to understand the range of human responses to ecological change and to contextualise the reasons for adopting any particular adaptive strategy by a community. Through the help of specific case studies presented as individual chapters, the book aims to find out whether adaptation due to environmental stress is an individual decision and, therefore, is an isolated phenomenon, or if resilience and adaptation are part of the same action paradigm of society as a whole in response to environmental change. Of particular interest are the case studies of climate change or disasters that have rendered the site unsuitable for the return of its community at present, and thus necessitated the relocation of such communities to new locations. The case studies in the book focus on regions in India, but cover different parts of the world as well, and address concepts of resilience, vulnerability, risk, adaptation, and mitigation. The book will be useful for students and researchers in the fields of geography, disaster management, environmental science, and anthropology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 269 p. 133 illus., 114 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030910105
    Series Statement: Sustainable Development Goals Series,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 69
    Keywords: Environment. ; Biogeography. ; Physical geography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Pollution. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Biogeosciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Pollution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Ecosystem services provided by various coastal ecosystems -- Chapter2. Sediment biogeochemistry in the coastal ecosystem -- Chapter3. Biogeochemical processes of natural organic matter in coastal ecosystems -- Chapter4. Role of the coastal ecosystem as a natural buffer and carbon sink -- Chapter5. Biogeochemical response of coastal systems to natural calamities -- Chapter6. Impact of agricultural activities on the coastal ecosystem: Nutrient contamination and Eutrophication -- Chapter7. Heavy metal contamination in coastal ecosystems -- Chapter8. Microplastic and emerging contaminants in coastal ecosystems -- Chapter9. Impact of urbanization and industrialization on the coastal ecosystem -- Chapter10. Effect of climate change on the coastal ecosystem -- Chapter11. Biodiversity in coastal habitats -- Chapter12. Coastal Ecosystems and human well being -- Chapter13. Application of various technologies and strategies for the conservation of coastal ecosystem -- Chapter14. Government policies and Society involvement for the management of aquatic ecosystem -- Chapter15. Coastal Ecosystems of India, their Conservation and Management Policies: A Review.
    Abstract: This volume incorporates theoretical and practical knowledge through case studies and reviews to serve as a baseline of information for coastal ecosystem research, and discusses the impacts of pollution, industrialisation, agriculture and climate change on coastal ecosystem biogeochemistry and biodiversity. The case studies address the role of coastal ecosystems as a carbon sink which is getting impacted by anthropogenic disturbances. Through this analysis, the book covers various strategies for the conservation and management of coastal ecosystems, considering their unique ecological and biogeochemical attributes and region-specific threats and impacts. The book will be of interest to a wide range of readers including students, researchers and professionals in coastal ecosystem science, coastal pollution, climate change adaptation, biodiversity conservation and environmental management. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VI, 393 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030842550
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 38
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Oceanography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Cogeneration of electric power and heat. ; Fossil fuels. ; Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Business. ; Management science. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Water. ; Fossil Fuel. ; Geology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Business and Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. A History of gas hydrate research -- Chapter 1. Gas Hydrate Research: From the Laboratory to the Pipeline -- Chapter 2. Shallow gas hydrates near 64° N, off Mid-Norway: Concerns regarding drilling and production technologies -- Chapter 3. Finding and using the world’s gas hydrates -- Part II. Gas Hydrate Fundamentals -- Chapter 4. Seismic rock physics of gas-hydrate bearing sediments -- Chapter 5. Estimation of gas hydrates in the pore space of sediments using inversion methods -- Chapter 6. Electromagnetic applications in methane hydrate reservoirs -- Part III. Gas Hydrate Drilling for Research and Natural Resources -- Chapter 7. Hydrate Ridge - A gas hydrate system in a subduction zone setting -- Chapter 8. Northern Cascadia Margin gas hydrates – Regional geophysical surveying, IODP drilling Leg 311 and cabled observatory monitoring -- Chapter 9. Accretionary wedge tectonics and gas hydrate distribution in the Cascadia forearc -- Chapter 10. Bottom Simulating Reflections below the Blake Ridge, western North Atlantic Margin -- Chapter 11. A review of the exploration, discovery, and characterization of highly concentrated gas hydrate accumulations in coarse-grained reservoir systems along the Eastern Continental Margin of India -- Chapter 12. Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expeditions, Korea: Lithologic characteristics of gas hydrate-bearing sediments -- Chapter 13. Bottom simulating reflections in the South China Sea -- Chapter 14. Gas hydrate and fluid related seismic indicators across the passive and active margins off SW Taiwan -- Chapter 15. Gas Hydrate Drilling in the Nankai Trough, Japan -- Chapter 16. Alaska North Slope Terrestrial Gas Hydrate Systems: Insights from Scientific Drilling -- Part IV -- Arctic -- Chapter 17. Gas Hydrates on Alaskan Marine Margins -- Chapter 18. Gas Hydrate related bottom-simulating reflections along the west-Svalbard margin, Fram Strait -- Chapter 19. Occurrence and distribution of bottom simulating reflections in the Barents Sea -- Chapter 20. Svyatogor Ridge - A gas hydrate system driven by crustal scale processes -- Chapter 21. Gas hydrate potential in the Kara Sea -- Part V. Greenland and Norwegian Sea -- Chapter 22. Geophysical indications of gas hydrate occurrence on the Greenland continental margins -- Chapter 23. Gas hydrates in the Norwegian Sea -- Part VI. North Atlantic. Chapter 24. U.S. Atlantic Margin Gas Hydrates -- Chapter 25. Gas Hydrates and submarine sediment mass failure: A case study from Sackville Spur, offshore Newfoundland -- Chapter 26. Bottom Simulating Reflections and Seismic Phase Reversals in the Gulf of Mexico -- Chapter 27. Insights into gas hydrate dynamics from 3D seismic data, offshore Mauritania -- Part VII. South Atlantic -- Chapter 28. Distribution and Character of Bottom Simulating Reflections in the Western Caribbean Offshore Guajira Peninsula, Colombia -- Chapter 29. Gas hydrate systems on the Brazilian continental margin -- Chapter 30. Gas hydrate on the southwest African continental margin -- Chapter 31. Shallow gas hydrates associated to pockmarks in the Northern Congo deep-sea fan, SW Africa -- Part VIII. Pacific -- Chapter 32. Gas hydrate-bearing province off eastern Sakhalin slope -- Chapter 33. Tectonic BSR Hypothesis in the Peruvian margin: A forgotten way to see marine gas hydrate systems at convergent margins -- Chapter 34. Gas hydrate and free gas along the Chilean Continental Margin -- Chapter 35. New Zealand’s Gas Hydrate Systems -- Part IX. Indic -- Chapter 36. First evidence of bottom simulation reflectors in the western Indian Ocean offshore Tanzania -- Part X. Mediterranean Sea -- Chapter 37. A Gas Hydrate System of Heterogenous Character in the Nile Deep-Sea Fan -- Part XI. Black Sea -- Chapter 38. Gas hydrate accumulations in the Black Sea -- Part XII. Lake Baikal -- Chapter 39. The position of gas hydrates in the sedimentary strata and in the geological structure of Lake Baikal -- Part XIII. Antarctic -- Chapter 40. Bottom Simulating Reflector in the western Ross Sea Antarctica -- Chapter 41. Bottom Simulating Reflectors along the Scan Basin, a deep-sea gateway between the Weddell Sea (Antarctica) and Scotia Sea -- Chapter 42. Bottom Simulating Reflections in Antarctica -- Part XIV. Where Gas Hydrate Dissociates Seafloor Microhabitats Flourish. Chapter 43. Integrating fine-scale habitat mapping and pore water analysis in cold seep research: A case study from the SW Barents Sea.
    Abstract: This world atlas presents a comprehensive overview of the gas-hydrate systems of our planet with contributions from esteemed international researchers from academia, governmental institutions and hydrocarbon industries. The book illustrates, describes and discusses gas hydrate systems, their geophysical evidence and their future prospects for climate change and continental margin geohazards from passive to active margins. This includes passive volcanic to non-volcanic margins including glaciated and non-glaciated margins from high to low latitudes. Shallow submarine gas hydrates allow a glimpse into the past from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to modern environmental conditions to predict potential changes in future stability conditions while deep submarine gas hydrates remained more stable. This demonstrates their potential for rapid reactions for some gas hydrate provinces to a warming world, as well as helping to identify future prospects for environmental research. Three-dimensional and high-resolution seismic imaging technologies provide new insights into fluid flow systems in continental margins, enabling the identification of gas and gas escape routes to the seabed within gas hydrate environments, where seabed habitats may flourish. The volume contains a method section detailing the seismic imaging and logging while drilling techniques used to characterize gas hydrates and related dynamic processes in the sub seabed. This book is unique, as it goes well beyond the geophysical monograph series of natural gas hydrates and textbooks on marine geophysics. It also emphasizes the potential for gas hydrate research across a variety of disciplines. Observations of bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) in 2D and 3D seismic reflection data combined with velocity analysis, electromagnetic investigations and gas-hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) modelling, provide the necessary insights for academic interests and hydrocarbon industries to understand the potential extent and volume of gas hydrates in a wide range of tectonic settings of continental margins. Gas hydrates control the largest and most dynamic reservoir of global carbon. Especially 4D, 3D seismic but also 2D seismic data provide compelling sub-seabed images of their dynamical behavior. Sub-seabed imaging techniques increase our understanding of the controlling mechanisms for the distribution and migration of gas before it enters the gas-hydrate stability zone. As methane hydrate stability depends mainly on pressure, temperature, gas composition and pore water chemistry, gas hydrates are usually found in ocean margin settings where water depth is more than 300 m and gas migrates upward from deeper geological formations. This highly dynamic environment may precondition the stability of continental slopes as evidenced by geohazards and gas expelled from the sea floor. This book provides new insights into variations in the character and existence of gas hydrates and BSRs in various geological environments, as well as their dynamics. The potentially dynamic behavior of this natural carbon system in a warming world, its current and future impacts on a variety of Earth environments can now be adequately evaluated by using the information provided in the world atlas. This book is relevant for students, researchers, governmental agencies and oil and gas professionals. Some familiarity with seismic data and some basic understanding of geology and tectonics are recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 514 p. 309 illus., 294 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030811860
    DDC: 551.46
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Geographic information systems. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Introduction: Anthropogeomorphology and Geospatial Technology -- Chapter 2-Geospatial Hydrometeorology -- Chapter 3-Remote Sensing Based Assessment of Water Management and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 4-Riverine Geomorphology Using Geospatial Technology & Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 5-Coastal Geomorphology using RS and GIS and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 6-GIS based Study of Forest Ecology and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 7-Web GIS based Decision Support System for Agricultural Landscape and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 8-Satellite based Monitoring of Soil Erosion Mapping and Modelling and Anthropogenic activity -- Chapter 9-Geoinformatics for Urbanogenic Intervention and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 10-Industrogenic intervention and Anthropogenic Process -- Chapter 11-Anthropogenic Process and Montanogenic Intervention: Geospatial Information Based Study -- Chapter 12-Application of Geospatial Technology on Tourism activity and Anthropogenic impact.
    Abstract: This book explores state-of-art techniques based on open-source software and statistical programming and modelling in modern geospatial applications, specifically focusing on recent trends in data mining techniques and robust modelling in Geomorphological, Hydrological, Bio-physical and Social activities. The book is organized into physical, mountainous, coastal, riverine, forest, urban and biological activities, with each chapter providing a review of the current knowledge in the focus area, and evaluating where future efforts should be directed. The text compiles a collection of recent developments and rigorous applications of Geospatial computational intelligence (e.g., artificial neural network, spatial interpolation, physical and environmental modelling and machine learning algorithms etc) in geomorphic processes from a team of expert contributors. The authors address the wide range of challenges and uncertainties in the study of earth system dynamics due to climate change, and complex anthropogenic interferences where spatial modelling may be applied in the risk assessment of vulnerable geomorphological landscapes. The book will act as a guide to find recent advancements in geospatial artificial intelligence techniques and its application to natural and social hazards. This information will be helpful for students, researchers, policy makers, environmentalists, planners involved in natural hazard and disaster management, NGOs, and government organizations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVII, 668 p. 291 illus., 268 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030775728
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 72
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Physical geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Ecology . ; Soil Science. ; Physical Geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- History of Soil Studies -- Soil-Forming Factor -- Elevation Gradients in the Oregon Mountain Ranges -- General Soil Regions of Oregon -- Diagnostic Horizons and Taxonomic Structure of Oregon Soils -- Taxonomic Soil Regions -- Mollisols -- Inceptisols -- Aridisols -- Andisols -- Ultisols -- Alfisols -- Entisols, Vertisols, Spodosols, and Histosols -- Soil-Forming Processes -- Benchmark, Endemic, Rare, and Endangered Soils -- Land Use in Oregon -- Yields, Soil Conservation, and Production System -- Summary.
    Abstract: This book is the only comprehensive summary of natural resources of Oregon and adds to World Soil Book Series state-level collection. Due to broad latitudinal and elevation differences, Oregon has an exceptionally diverse climate, which exerts a major influence on soil formation. The mean annual temperature in Oregon ranges from 0°C in the Wallowa and Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon to 13°C in south-central Oregon. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 175 mm in southeastern Oregon to over 5,000 mm at higher elevations in the Coast Range. The dominant vegetation type in Oregon is temperate shrublands, followed by forests dominated by lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and mixed conifers, grasslands, subalpine forests, maritime Sitka spruce-western hemlock forests, and ponderosa pine-dominated forests. Oregon is divided into 17 Major Land Resource Areas, the largest of which include the Malheur High Plateau, the Cascade Mountains, the Blue Mountain Foothills, and Blue Mountains. The single most important geologic event in Oregon was the deposition of Mazama ash 7,700 years by the explosion of Mt. Mazama. Oregon has soil series representative of 10 orders, 40 suborders, 114 great groups, 389 subgroups, over 1,000 families, and over 1,700 soil series. Mollisols are the dominant order in Oregon, followed by Aridisols, Inceptisols, Andisols, Ultisols, and Alfisols. Soils in Oregon are used primarily for forest products, livestock grazing, agricultural crops, and wildlife management. Key land use issues in Oregon are climate change; wetland loss; flooding; landslides; volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis; coastal erosion; and wildfires.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 545 p. 229 illus., 197 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030900915
    Series Statement: World Soils Book Series,
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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  • 73
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Natural disasters. ; Environmental geography. ; Physical geography. ; Cartography. ; Earth sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Natural Hazards. ; Integrated Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Cartography. ; Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction to Spatial Modeling of Flood Risk and Hazard: Societal Implication -- Chapter 2. Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Morphometric Techniques and GIS -- Chapter 3. Palaeohydrologic Estimates of Flood Discharge of Lower Ramganga River Catchment of Ganga Basin, India Using Slackwater Deposits -- Chapter 4. Flood Risk Zone Identification Using Ground Based Observation and Geospatial Technology -- Chapter 5. Dynamics River Networks and Determination of the Flood Potential in Lower Brahmaputra Valley Using Geoinfromatics -- Chapter 6. Flood Vulnerability Assessment Using AHP and Frequency Ratio Techniques -- Chapter 7. Application of Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithms for Flood Susceptibility Modelling -- Chapter 8. Flash Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using GIS Based AHP Method -- Chapter 9. GIS Based Hydrological and Hydraulic Models to Forecast River Flood Risks and Proposition of Management Measures -- Chapter 10. Large Scale Human Intervention and Estimation of Flood Susceptibility Applying Frequency Ratio Model -- Chapter 11. Flood Induced Transport Infrastructural Losses in India: Regional Assessments -- Chapter 12. Rural-Urban Differential in Flood Vulnerability and Community Preparedness for Flood Management Strategies -- Chapter 13. Application of Geospatial Techniques for Urban Flood Management: A Review.
    Abstract: Floods and flash floods with hydro-meteorological and tropical cyclones are the some of the most devastating natural disasters causing massive damages to natural and man-made features. Flood hazards are a major threat to human life, properties (agricultural area, yield production, building and homes) and infrastructures (bridges, roads, railways, urban infrastructures, etc). Flood hazards susceptibility mapping (risk assessment) and modelling is an essential step for early warning systems, emergency services, prevention and mitigation of future environmental and social hazards and implementation of risk management strategies. Due to the lack of proper information, technology-based policies and strategies, mapping and modelling can often not be implemented to the best possible level. Geo-spatial techniques have enjoyed rising interest in recent decades among the earth environmental and social sciences research communities for their powerful ability to solve and understand various complex problems and develop novel approaches toward sustainable earth and human society. By linking geo-spatial computational intelligence techniques with societal and environmental-oriented problems, this book demonstrates geospatial technology approaches to data mining techniques, data analysis, modelling, risk assessment and visualization and management strategies in different aspects of flood hazards. We believe that a diverse group of academics, scientists, geographers, hydrologist, remote sensing and GIS expertise, environmentalists, meteorologists and computing experts with a common interest in geospatial sciences within the earth environmental sciences and humanistic and social sciences will find this book to be of great value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 238 p. 120 illus., 110 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030945442
    Series Statement: GIScience and Geo-environmental Modelling,
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth sciences. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Karst collapses and their formations -- Chapter 2. Stormwater runoff modifications and karst collapses -- Chapter 3. Water impoundments and karst collapses -- Chapter 4. Groundwater level changes and karst collapses. Chapter 5. Construction and karst collapses -- Chapter 6. Extreme weather conditions and karst collapses -- Chapter 7. Karst collapse investigations -- Chapter 8. Karst collapse monitoring. .
    Abstract: This book comprehensively documents the various types of karst collapse and related conceptual site models, before discussing these collapses in terms of their impacts on engineering and the environment. Featuring over 200 real-world photos to illustrate the variety of karst collapses and their consequences, the book also provides specific methods and techniques to prevent, investigate, monitor and remediate these collapses. Decades of experience with these collapses make it clear that addressing the related hazards requires a multi-disciplinary approach that integrates geomorphology, engineering geology, hydrology, hydrogeology, biology, geophysics, geochemistry, and risk assessment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 149 p. 135 illus., 121 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030929121
    Series Statement: Advances in Karst Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Geological Contest of Sicily -- Geomorphological Aspects -- General Hydrogeological Note -- Karst Features -- Lava caves -- Karst geosites -- Speleology in Sicily -- Acknowledgments -- Bibliography.
    Abstract: This book describes Sicily’s unique and varied karst features, discussing the notable geographical areas, their lithology and genesis and, in a number of cases, their value as geosites to be preserved for scientific or tourism purposes. The rich variety of Meso-Cenozoic outcropping rocks in Sicily make the island highly significant in terms of the geological history of the Mediterranean area. The soluble rocks (limestones and gypsum), widely present on the island, play an important role in shaping and continuously altering the landscape, both in the reliefs with spectacular fluviokarst cayons and suggestive gorges, and below ground where there is a wide range of speleogenically and speleologically important caves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 474 p. 900 illus., 866 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031074066
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Environment. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Pointcloud and Geomorphology – a theoretical and practical introduction -- Pointcloud generation in Geomorphology -- Point-cloud processing and derivatives -- Pointcloud Technology for Coastal and Floodplain Geomorphology -- Point-cloud and Hillslope Geomorphology.
    Abstract: Starting from concrete examples in Geomorphology, this comprehensive textbook explains to graduate and postgraduate students, point-cloud data technology and associated methods from acquisition to final-product generation. In the last few decades, Geo-sciences have experienced a paradigm shift from the challenge of collecting enough data to the need of creating new processing tools that can handle the billions of data. This shift has come to Geomorphology with the increasing use of surface-pointclouds obtained from photogrammetry, laser scanners and processed by specialist software, and it is thus necessary for the next generation of geomorphologist to be fluent in these technologies. Consequently, this book explains from concrete examples how to use pointcloud technologies, from data collection to processing and final product generation. The philosophy of this book relies on two principles, first: you do not have to be a tech-wizard to use pointcloud technologies, allowing the you to bring back the focus on your science; second pointcloud methods can be affordable, therefore the book provide a set of worked-examples in the different geomorphological environments using open source software and R and Python code samples. The book can be used as a textbook in a geomorphology, geology, physical geography, Sabo-sciences and engineering class, as well as a companion for the more seasoned scientist who wants to solve specific problems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 136 p. 74 illus., 67 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031109751
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Sedimentology. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Engineering geology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Sedimentology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Geoengineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cosmogenic surface exposure dating applications from Turkey: moraines, alluvial fans, fluvial terraces, lava flows and incision rates -- Tectonic Geomorphology and Paleoseismology of the Muğla-Yatağan Fault (Southwest Turkey) -- Slip rate estimation of the North Anatolian Fault using geomorphology and paleoclimate chronology: The Ganos Fault, Turkey -- Energy relief analysis of the northern Marche-Romagna region, northern Apennine, central Italy -- Evaluation of Electromagnetic Induction method to map soil salinity in semi-arid Tunisia -- Comparison of organic carbon stock of Regosols under two different climates in Tunisia -- Evolution of organic carbon stocks in a Vertisol after three years of no-tillage practice in northern Tunisia -- Spectral characteristics of soil types in northwestern Jordan: consideration of iron oxides effects and colors -- Wind-eroded sediment in southern Hungary, with special reference to the content of toxic elements -- Time-Scale Variations of organic carbon in Paddy Soils: Sanjiang Plain, China.
    Abstract: This edited book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. Major subjects treated in the book include geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. The book presents an updated unique view in conjugating field studies and modeling to better quantify the process-product binomial unusual in geosciences. In the geomorphology section, 24 papers deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology, and geoheritage. Under the sedimentology section, 34 papers including stratigraphy, and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology are presented. Additionally, this section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. Last but not least, the third section on geochemistry is composed of 26 papers that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm. The volume book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry, as well as those engaged in environmental geosciences, soil science, stratigraphy and paleontology, geoarcheology and geoheritage, marine geosciences, petrology, metallogenesis, and mineral deposits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 395 p. 259 illus., 226 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030725471
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Geochemistry. ; Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geochemistry. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Tsunami hazard along the Eastern African coast from mega-earthquake sources in the Indian Ocean -- Preliminary tsunami hazard map of Africa -- The AD 365 Crete earthquake/tsunami impact in the Mediterranean region -- The AD 365 Alexandria (Egypt) tsunami revisited -- Seismotectonics of the Easternmost Cyprus Arc: Implications for Tsunami Hazard Assessment -- Seismic Hazard and Risk in Africa, a hidden hazard in an extreme vulnerable context -- Seismotectonics of the Khurutse Region, Botswana -- Kinematic and elastic modelling of fault-related-folds:‎ A study from active structures of the Tell Atlas ‎(Northern Algeria)‎ -- Magmatic rifting and seismicity in Afar and northern Main Ethiopian Rift -- Architecture and evolution of the Kivu rift within the western branch of the East African rift system: Implications for seismic hazard assessment.
    Abstract: This edited book is based on the best papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. It is of interest to all researchers practicing geophysics/seismology, structural, and petroleum geology. With four sections spanning a large spectrum of geological and geophysical topics with particular reference to Middle East, Mediterranean region, and Africa, this book presents a series of research methods that are nowadays in use for measuring, quantifying, and analyzing several geological domains. It starts with a subsection dedicated to the latest research studies on seismic hazard and risk assessment in Africa presented during the 2019 IGCP-659 meeting organized alongside the CAJG-2. And, it includes new research studies on earthquake geodesy, seismotectonics, archeoseismology and active faulting, well logging methods, geodesy and exploration/theoretical geophysics, petroleum geochemistry, petroleum engineering, structural geology, basement architecture and potential data, tectonics and geodynamics, and thermicity, petroleum, and other georesources. The edited book gives insights into the fundamental questions that address the genesis and evolution of our planet, and this is based on data collection and experimental investigations under physical constitutive laws. These multidisciplinary approaches combined with the geodynamics of tectonic provinces and investigations of potential zones of natural resources (petroleum reservoirs) provide the basis for a more sustainability in the economic development. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXV, 671 p. 431 illus., 401 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030730260
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 79
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Environmental law, International. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Political science. ; Physical Geography. ; Humanities and Social Sciences. ; International Environmental Law. ; Regional Cultural Studies. ; Politics and International Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Map of the Arctic -- Acknowledgements -- List of Acronyms -- About the Authors -- Chapter 1. Arctic Governance, Decision-making and Non-state Actors -- Part 1. Perspectives from the Cirum-Arctic -- Chapter 2. The International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) in the Changing Arctic. Between International Scientific Cooperation and Science Diplomacy -- Chapter 3. Examining the Role of Think Tanks in Promoting Peace in the Arctic -- Chapter 4. The University of the Arctic (UArctic) as a Non-State Actor in the Circumpolar World -- Chapter 5. Highlighting Businesses as Key Non-State Actors in the Arctic: Collaboration between Arctic Economic Council and Polar Research and Policy Initiative -- Part 2. Perspectives from the European Arctic -- Chapter 6. Transnational cities alliances and their role in policy making in sustainable urban development in the European Arctic -- Chapter 7. Strength in Numbers? The Nordic Ministerial and Parliamentary Groupings as Observers in the Arctic Council -- Chapter 8. The development of data centres in the Nordic Arctic -- Chapter 9. Sustainable Arctic Marine Tourism Development: Scale and Scope for Community Investment, Coordination, and Action -- Part 3. Case Studies -- Chapter 10. Monitoring of Indigenous Law Enforcement in Evenkia, Russia -- Chapter 11. The Role and Impact of NGOs in Marine Mammal Governance -- Chapter 12. The characteristics of natural resource governance: The Nussir case, Norway -- Chapter 13. Bellona and the Environmental Policy in the Barents Region: A Pivotal Facilitator -- Chapter 14. Promoting the Sustainable Development Goals in the Arctic: The Case of Polar Research and Policy Initiative.
    Abstract: This book comprehensively discusses the role that non-state actors play in the Arctic and assesses the normative role of these actors. Beyond any organised forum, there are actors that have a significant impact on the way the Arctic is developed, adjudicated, managed, perceived, presented and represented. This book complements the literature on non-state actors in international law and international security, world politics and international relations and provides a geographical account of their role for the Arctic. The book content is not limited to a specific discipline, but takes into account different approaches to the topic. This means that it contains three types of contributions: research articles, shorter research notes and commentaries. While the research articles constitute the main body of the work, it is also the research notes which provide an insight into issues related to the topic of the book.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 326 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031124594
    Series Statement: Springer Polar Sciences,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to Deserts -- Introduction to Google Earth -- Dunes -- Other aeolian phenomena -- Weathering phenomena -- Structural Landforms -- Hydrological features -- Climatic change -- Human impacts -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Abstract: This book presents an introduction to desert landscapes—primarily landforms that are natural and man-made. It is based around the presentation of a series of beautiful and informative annotated Google Earth images. These are accompanied by text that describes the feature(s) concerned, their location, and their origin. There are also, in some cases, ground images taken by the author.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 271 p. 243 illus., 237 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031151798
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geography. ; Environment. ; Environmental geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Integrated Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Epistemology of Geography -- 2. Site selection method using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) -- 3. The application of a data-driven method for spatial analysis and prediction of gully erosion susceptibility -- 4. Methods and Approaches of Flood Susceptibility Assessment and Mapping: A Review in Geographical Perspective -- 5. Digital geography and its methods -- 6. Automated in situ Water Quality Monitoring – Characterizing System Dynamics in Urban-Impacted and Natural Environments -- 7. Research methods and techniques in physical geography -- 8 The methodological approaches in physical geography -- 9. Urban river restoration: A methodological discourse with examples from Kerala, India -- 10. The methodological approach of assessing urban vertical expansion using satellite remote sensing techniques. .
    Abstract: Geography science aims to observe the dynamics in describing earth's surface as a place and space for humans to carry out their lives, starting from simple identification using recording and sketching models, then utilizing tools such as maps, satellite imagery, statistics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Physical geography is the branch of natural science that deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural environment such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. This book covers the methodology of the study for all aspects of physical geography: biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere. As a comprehensive textbook it consists of a detailed research methodology for physical geography research including selected case studies from Asia. These case studies cover methodological approaches for hydrology, climatology and geomorphology including the discovery of the best method for exploring and assessing mysterious physical phenomena using a diversity of methodologies. This book explores and explains the principal concept, basic method, optional method, detailed description of each method, and the challenges, advantages and disadvantages of the various methods. The technique of data selection, data acquisition, method of analysis, data interpretation and data analysis techniques with a specific focus on deterministic modeling, geography techniques, geospatial modeling with Geographic Information System (GIS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Automated machine techniques and combination of statistical analysis. Such techniques can help researchers to receive clearer concepts and obtain better measurements of the relevant attributes changes in the physical environment. Opportunity to critically examine the conceptualization and identification of the field in geographical research and how digital media has not only expanded the scope of what constitutes the field but has redefined the field in itself as well as the practices of observing, knowing, and analyzing the real world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 178 p. 71 illus., 57 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031071133
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Sedimentology. ; Physical geography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Water. ; Sedimentology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1 : DRD Environmental Change -- Chapter 1 – The Danube Delta Environment Changes Generated by Human Activities (Laura Tiron Duţu, Nicolae Panin, Florin Duţu, Adrian Popa, Gabriel Iordache, Iulian Pojar, Irina Catianis) -- Chapter 2 - Danube Delta Lakes as Sinks for Natural and Anthropogenic Environmental Changes (Irina Catianis ,Adriana Maria Constatinescu, Dan Vasiliu, Albert Scrieciu Adrian Stănică) -- Chapter 3 - Assessment of Climate Conditions and Changes Detected over the Historical Period (1961-2013) (Adina-Eliza CROITORU, Csaba Horvath, Titus-Cristian Man) -- Par 2: Water and Waste Management -- Chapter 4 - Water Management on the Territory of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Petru-Dragos Morar, Dana Rus, Abdelazim Negm) -- Chapter 5 - Integrated Waste Management in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Petru-Dragoș Morar) -- Part 3: Societal Dimensions: Demographics, Health and Education -- Chapter 6 - Specificity of the Demographic Dynamics in the Danube Delta (Cristian Constantin Drăghici, Alexandra Grecu Cosmin Olteanu Alexandru Paru , Gruia Andreea Karina, Gabriel Dascălu) -- Chapter 7 - Infrastructure evolution and spatial dimension of the population health state from the Danube Delta (Marian Marin, Iulia Nedelcu, Donatella Carboni , Anca Bratu , Secil Omer, Alexandra Grecu) -- Chapter 8 - The Danube Delta: Opportunities of Content Exploitation as Language Learning Experiences (Dana Rus) -- Part 4 : Integrated Sustainable Development -- Chapter 9 - The Societal Benefits as Results of Managing the Danube Delta Landscape and Changing the Stakeholders’ Behaviours (Camelia Ionescu, Corina Gheorghiu, and Tanvi Walawalkar) -- Chapter 10 - Climate Suitability for Sustainable Economic Growth Through Tourism in the Danube Delta (Adina-Eliza Croitoru, Adina-Viorica Rus, Titus-Cristian Man, Victor Malairău, Alexandru Matei) -- Chapter 11 - The Structural Dynamics of the Local Economy in the Danube Delta (Daniel Peptenatu, Andreea Karina Gruia, Alexandra Grecu, Camelia Teodorescu, Marian Marin, Raluca Dinescu, Cătălin Răzvan Dobrea , Razvan Mihail Papuc, Cosmin Olteanu) -- Chapter 12 - The Role of Tourism Activities in the Integrated Economic Development of the Danube Delta (Radu-Daniel Pintilii, Andreea Karina Gruia, Alexandra Grecu, Oana Crețu, Donatella Carboni) -- Chapter 13 - Danube Delta Integrated Sustainable Development Strategy (Daniel Constantin Diaconu, Mihnea Cristian Popa, Daniel Peptenatu, Abdelazim Negm).
    Abstract: This unique book presents for the first time the current status of the Danube River Delta, the challenges facing it, and proposed strategies to solve it. One of the biggest challenges is the human effects on the Danube Delta Environment and its lakes that work as sinks for natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, the water management and water flow variability and under climatic conditions including the extreme temperature and precipitation events based on RCMs output and the impact of sedimentation processes on the evolution of the Danube Delta. The book also contains the impact of wind and solar energy on the Delta. The book also presents the integrated approach for sustainable development of the Delta including the structural dynamics of the local economy, the role of tourism activities, integrated waste management in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, demographic dynamics in the Delta, and the population health state. Also, a unique chapter on the opportunities of content exploitation as Language Learning Experiences is applied to Danube Delta. The book will be of great scientific interest to help the graduate students, researchers, stakeholder professional engineers, policy planners, policymakers of three countries to implement their sustainable development plan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 403 p. 202 illus., 197 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031039836
    Series Statement: Earth and Environmental Sciences Library,
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Natural disasters. ; Physical Geography. ; Geology. ; Environmental Studies. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Location, Territory, Boundaries -- 2. Geology -- 3. Hydrogeology and Mineral Waters -- 4. Mineral Resources -- 5. Relief -- 6. Karst -- 7. Natural Disasters (mudflow, landslide, ets.) -- 8. Climate -- 9. Black Sea -- 10. Inland Waters -- 11. Glaciers -- 12. Soils -- 13. Flora -- 14. Fauna -- 15. Landscapes -- 16. Tourism and Recreation -- 17. Protected Areas and Remarkable Features of Inorganic Nature -- 18. Environment Protection.
    Abstract: This book is one of the first books in English to give a comprehensive and detailed overview of the complete physical geography of Georgia. It discusses natural and environmental conditions, geology, hydrology, geomorphology, landscapes, and resources and elaborates issues of environmental protection, natural hazards, resource potentials, tourism and many other topics of this multifaceted country. This volume will appeal to researchers, educators and students in the fields of natural and environmental sciences, geography, geology, regional studies and related areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 227 p. 113 illus., 107 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030907532
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Physical geography. ; Human geography. ; Environment. ; Asia Politics and government. ; Cultural geography. ; Regional Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Human Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Asian Politics. ; Social and Cultural Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Territory and Geopolitics -- Chapter 3. Topography and Landforms -- Chapter 4. Climate and Climate Change -- Chapter 5. Hydrology and Water Resources -- Chapter 6. Land Cover and Land Use -- Chapter 7. Natural Resources and Energy -- Chapter 8. Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration -- Chapter 9. Environmental Pollution and Protection -- Chapter 10. Natural Disasters -- Chapter 11. Population and Urbanization -- Chapter 12. Economic Geography -- Chapter 13. China’s Opening-up and Trade -- Chapter 14. Tourism Geography -- Chapter 15. Sustainable Development -- Index.
    Abstract: This textbook provides a comprehensive and very detailed insight into Chinese Contemporary Geography in English. It documents the geographical issues associated with China's rapid growth. Since initiating the reforms and open policy, China has achieved tremendous success. China's rapid growth is now a driving force in the global economy and is achieving unprecedented rates of poverty reduction. However, China also faces a number of sustainability and emerging challenges associated with rapid growth such as growing regional disparities in terms of per capita income and social-economic development, sustainable resource development, and issues related to regional and global economic integration. In addition, rapid economic growth has also brought about major challenges such as resource shortages, ecological and environmental destruction, land degradation and frequent disasters. This book presents the authors’ reflections. This lavishly illustrated book covers physical geography, history, and economic and political systems of the world's most populous country. The major focus is on geographical issues in China's contemporary development: agriculture, population, urbanization, resource and energy, and environment. The lead author of the book has taught relevant courses in China for three decades, and authored and edited multiple textbooks for Chinese students. This book will appeal to undergraduate students of geography and related disciplines with a regional focus on China and to the general reader who wants to learn different geographical aspects of modern China with little academic background in geography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 460 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031041587
    Series Statement: World Regional Geography Book Series,
    DDC: 910.021
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Physical geography. ; Control engineering. ; Robotics. ; Automation. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Human geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Physical Geography. ; Control, Robotics, Automation. ; Environmental Studies. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Section 1 – sUAS Basics -- Introduction and outline for book – Konsoer, Leitner, Lewis -- Provide brief history of sUAS and the rapid technological advancements in recent years that have led to drone revolution and close range remote sensing -- Outline of book and intended uses as both a collection of specific research topics in geography and as a teaching tool -- Rules and Regulations for sUAS use in the United States (and/or globally, selected countries?) -- FAA regulations -- Essentials of proper and safe sUAS use -- sUAS Ethics and other considerations (privacy issues) -- Communicating Science with sUAS -- Section 2 – Applications in Human Geography -- Crime Geography (e.g., security, surveillance/monitoring, etc.) -- Sociocultural Geography (e.g., monitoring cultural resources) -- 3D Mapping -- Section 3 – Applications in Physical Geography -- Geomorphology -- Climatology -- Biogeography (e.g., precision agriculture, habitat monitoring, etc.) -- Section 4 – Applications in Interdisciplinary Research -- Environmental Geography (e.g., water quality, algae, land use changes) -- Mississippi River Delta Archaeological Mitigation (MRDAM) (e.g., geomorphology and archaeology – Konsoer et al) -- Disaster Science Management (e.g. search and rescue operations, damage assessment).
    Abstract: The use of small unoccupied aerial systems (sUAS) for acquiring close-range remotely sensed data has substantially increased in the past 5 years. A primary focus of early research was on physical systems and photogrammetric techniques. However, as sUAS technology continues to improve and more sophisticated payloads are utilized, such as lidar and multispectral cameras, applications have expanded to nearly all subdisciplines within Geography. This edited volume is intended to showcase the various ways in which sUAS are used in geographic research, including geomorphology, environmental and hazard monitoring, biogeography, and urban and sociocultural geography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VI, 331 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031019760
    Series Statement: Geotechnologies and the Environment, 24
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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  • 86
    Keywords: Human geography. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Human Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Humboldt’s integrative scientific approach: Pioneering modern Earth system sciences -- “Through a country we never intended to see”. Revisiting The Humboldt renaissance -- Alexander Von Humboldt and earth system science -- Part 2: Humboldt’s influence on bio-geo-sciences -- Humboldt, biogeography, and the dimension of time -- Revisiting the Chimborazo Volcano – Cradle of plant geography -- Part 3: Humboldt, the Earth scientist -- Humboldt's interpretation of the Andean geology -- Part 4: Humboldt, his relevance for contemporary education strategies and the political discourse -- “Should Alexander Von Humboldt be part of contemporary geography education?” -- Alexander Von Humboldt, a liberal ecologist. An essay -- Part 5: Humboldt: Empathic patron, consultant and communicator of science -- The Humboldt paradox: Science communication and mythology -- Indigenous knowledge – Humboldt´S idea of intercultural understanding -- Humboldt’s journey to Russia and Siberia in 1829 – His dual role as consultant and explorer -- Part 6: An epilogue -- Alexander Von Humboldt: Dilletante of natural history or Oracle of modern science?.
    Abstract: This book aims to view and to understand Alexander von Humboldt from different perspectives and in varying disciplinary contexts. His contributions addressed numerous topics in the earth but also life sciences—spanning from geo-botany, climatology, paleontology, oceanography, mineralogy, resources, and hydrogeology to links between the environmental impact of humans, erosion, and climate change. From the very beginning, he paved the way for a modern, integrated earth system science approach to decipher, characterize, and model the different forcing factors and their feedback mechanisms. It becomes obvious that Humboldt’s holistic approach is far beyond simple description and empiric data collection. As documented and analyzed in the different texts of this volume, he combines observation and analysis with emotions and subjective perceptions in a very affectionate way. However, this publication does not intend to add another encyclopedic text compilation but to observe and critically analyze this unique personality´s relevance in a modern context, particularly in discussing environmental and social key issues in the twenty-first century.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 231 p. 36 illus., 26 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030940089
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Soil science. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Soil Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to the Landscape and Landforms of Botswana -- The Angolan catchments of northern Botswana’s major rivers: the Cubango, Cuito, Cuando and Zambezi rivers -- The Okavango Delta Peatlands -- Landscape evolution of the Lake Ngami and Mababe Depressions within the Okavango Rift Zone, north-central Botswana -- The Makgadikgadi Basin -- Landscapes and landforms of the Chobe Enclave, Northern Botswana -- The Chobe-Zambezi channel-floodplain system: anatomy of a wetland in a dryland -- Dunes of the southern Kalahari -- Dunes of the northern Kalahari -- Kalahari Pans: Quaternary Evolution and Processes of Ephemeral Lakes -- Dry valleys (mekgacha) -- Landscape evolution of the Stampriet Transboundary Basin and relation to the groundwater system -- Calcretes, silcretes and intergrade duricrusts -- Geodiversity of Caves and Rockshelters in Botswana -- Kimberlites, kimberlite exploration, and the geomorphic evolution of Botswana -- Geomorphology and landscapes of the Limpopo River system -- Dams in Botswana: Drying times ahead -- Gorges of eastern Botswana -- Soil Development in the Eastern Hardveld -- The Tsodilo Hills: a multifaceted World Heritage Site -- Geoconservation in Botswana -- Zoogeomorphology of Botswana.
    Abstract: This volume contains 22 chapters introducing a wide range of semi-arid and geologic landscapes. Botswana, a thinly populated nation, the size of France, is a Southern African keystone country at the heart of the Kalahari, sharing some of the major sub-continental drainage basins such as the Limpopo, Zambezi, Orange, and Okavango with its neighbouring countries. The extensive Kalahari Sand surface has been sculptured by numerous past processes which have produced subtle but regional landforms consisting of extensive dunes and shorelines. Incipient rifting has created the dynamic Okavango and Makgadikgadi fan-basin systems which produces iconic wetlands with a world heritage status. Geological outcrops in particular to the east expose highly denuded basement lithologies which produces numerous inselbergs that are home to a rich archaeological heritage. The book also examines the geomorphology of mineral and water resources which sustain the economy and population and also features dedicated chapters that cover diamondiferous kimberlites, caves, pans, dams, duricrusts and wildlife. Chapter 6 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 403 p. 261 illus., 215 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030861025
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Cogeneration of electric power and heat. ; Fossil fuels. ; Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Signal processing. ; Computer vision. ; Geographical Information System. ; Fossil Fuel. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Digital and Analog Signal Processing. ; Computer Vision.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Electromagnetic spectral bands used for RS in HC exploration -- Chapter 2-Foundations of multi-spectral image processing -- Chapter 3-Surface elevation and surface texture from microwave radar -- Chapter 4-Surface cover from optical and thermal IR -- Chapter 5-Geomorphology and Mapping -- Chapter 6-Near-surface characteristics from optical, thermal IR and microwave radar -- Chapter 7-Basement depth and texture from radar distance anomalies -- Chapter 8-Mapping of temporal changes -- Chapter 9-Frontier exploration -- Chapter 10-Seismic planning, acquisition and data processing -- Chapter 11-Development and oilfield infrastructure planning -- Chapter 12-Geological analogs. .
    Abstract: This book provides insights into the benefits of using remote sensing data from a geoscientist's perspective, by integrating the data with the understanding of Earth's surface and subsurface. In 3 sections, the book takes a detailed look at what data explorationists use when they explore for hydrocarbon resources, assess different terrain types for planning and hazards and extract present-day geologic analogs for subsurface geologic settings. The book presents the usage of remote sensing data in exploration in a structured way by detecting individual geologic features as building blocks for complex geologic systems. This concept enables readers to build their own workflows for the assessment of complex geologic systems using various combinations of remote sensing data. Section 1 introduces readers to the foundations of remote sensing for exploration, covers various methods of image processing and studies different digital elevation and bathymetry models. Section 2 presents the concept of geomorphology as a means to integrate surface and subsurface data. Different aspects of rendering in 2D and 3D are explained and used for the interpretation and extraction of geologic features that are used in exploration. Section 3 addresses remote sensing for hydrocarbon exploration in detail, from geophysical data acquisition to development and infrastructure planning. The organization of this chapter follows an exploration workflow from regional to local modeling studying basin and petroleum system modeling as well as logistics planning of seismic surveys and near-surface modeling. Aspects of field development and infrastructure planning comprise multi-temporal and dynamic modeling. The section closes with a structured approach to extracting geologic analogs from interpreted remote sensing data. The book will be of interest to professionals and students working in exploration for hydrocarbons and water resources, as well as geoscientists and engineers using remote sensing for infrastructure planning, hazard assessment and dynamic environmental studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LVII, 348 p. 8 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030733193
    Series Statement: Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry,
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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  • 89
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Natural disasters. ; Landscape ecology. ; Physical geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Natural Hazards. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Preface -- Section-I : Land Use Land Cover Dynamics -- Section-II: Agriculture water Management.-Section III: Water Resources Assessment and Modelling -- Section IV: Natural Disasters -- Conclusions and Recommendations.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the application of geospatial technologies to study the land use land cover (LULC) dynamics, agricultural water management, water resources assessment and modeling, and studies on natural disasters. LULC dynamics is one of the major research themes for studying global environmental change using remote sensing data. The section on LULC dynamics covers the multi-variate criteria for land use and land cover classification and change assessment in the mountainous regions. Further, LULC change detection of the Tons river basin and LULC dynamics at decadal frequency are studied to derive adaptation and mitigation strategies. Landscape-level forest disturbance modeling, together with conservation implications, is also included. The watershed management approach is necessary for comprehensive management of land and water resources of any region, where studies on multi-criteria analysis for rainwater harvesting planning and its impact on land use land cover transformations in rain-fed areas using geospatial technologies are presented in this book. The book will be useful for academics, water practitioners, scientists, water managers, environmentalists, and administrators, NGOs, researchers, and students who are actively involved in the application of geospatial technologies in LULC studies, agricultural water management and hydrological modelling and natural disasters for addressing the challenges being posed by climate change while addressing issues of food and water securities .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 621 p. 251 illus., 213 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030904791
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 103
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Physical geography. ; Urban ecology (Biology). ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Geochemistry. ; Soil Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Urban Ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Studies. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Urban Ecosystems: Soils and the Rise and Fall of Cities -- 2. Formation and Properties of Urban Soils -- 3. Spatial Variability and Data Analysis in Urban Soils -- 4. Urban Soil Functions -- 5. Urban Soil Physics -- 6. Inorganic Contaminants in Urban Soils -- 7. Organic Contaminants in Urban Soils -- 8. Soil Biological Processes in Urban Soils -- 9. Urban Soil as a Source and Sink -- 10. Urban Soil and Human Health -- 11. Urban Soil Remediation -- 12. The Future of Urban Soils.
    Abstract: Urbanisation of the world's population is an increasing trend; in China, for example, the proportion of the population living in cities increased from 13% in 1950 to 45% in 2010 (World Bank data). Australia is one of the world's top ten urbanised countries with population greater than ten million, with approximately 90% of its population living in cities, mainly along Australia's coast. The most rapidly urbanising populations are currently in nations of the African continent. Soils in urban areas have multiple functions which are becoming more valued by urban communities: soils supply water, nutrients and physical support for urban plant and animal communities (parks, reserves, gardens), and are becoming increasingly valued for growing food. Soils may be used for building foundations, or as building materials themselves. Urban hydrology relies on the existence of unsealed soils for aquifer protection and flood control. This book is designed primarily as an educational text, but it also reflects current developments in research, and provides readers with an authoritative gateway to the primary literature. It presents the importance of urban ecosystems and the impacts of global change. It examines pedogenesis of urban soils: natural materials affected by urban phenomena, and natural processes acting on urban materials, including an examination of different climatic zones. There is a focus on soils formed on landfill, reclaimed land, dredge spoils as well as soil-related changes in urban geomorphology. There is plenty of discussion on urban soil as a source and sink as well as soil geochemistry and health. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 446 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030873165
    Series Statement: Progress in Soil Science,
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Geology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Prologue: Why Physical Geography? -- Part I: Earth history and climate -- Chapter 1: Geological time -- Chapter 2: Earth’s internal heat engine -- Chapter 3: Volcanoes -- Chapter 4: Earth’s external heat engine -- Chapter 5: Climate change is normal -- Part II: Shaping the landscape -- Chapter 6: The landscape beneath our feet -- Chapter 7: Gravity and slopes -- Chapter 8: Flowing water -- Chapter 9: Flowing Ice -- Chapter 10: Coastal processes -- Chapter 11: Landscapes around us.
    Abstract: Students taking undergraduate degrees in geography, ecology, earth science, and environmental science frequently take an introductory unit in Physical Geography. Some will have not done any geography since their early teens, while others have more recent knowledge. This range of backgrounds can be challenging for both the instructor and the student, this primer aims to help. A primer is a readable introduction to a subject, more technical than a piece of popular science, but less detailed than a specialist textbook. It aims to give the reader a platform in a subject with which they may be unfamiliar, so that they can proceed simultaneously, or sequentially, to more advanced texts and information. Ideally the primer should have something for those without any knowledge, while also challenge and entertaining those who do. Not quite bedtime reading, but a step in that direction. Our Dynamic Earth introduces students to the Earth's origins, to plate tectonics, atmospheric and oceanographic circulation, as well as to a range of Earth surface processes. Idea to get you started in your studies. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 194 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030903510
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 92
    Keywords: Environmental sciences Mathematics. ; Environmental management. ; Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Mathematical Applications in Environmental Science. ; Environmental Management. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Generators, Harmonics and Evolutionary Emergence -- Chapter2. Sustainable Management of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens -- Chapter3. Empirical Values of Halophytes in Agro-ecology and Sustainability -- Chapter4. Drilling Waste Management based on New Methods of Bioremediation and Solar Desalination -- Chapter5. Orchid Diversity, Conservation and Sustainability in North-Eastern India -- Chapter6. Effectiveness of the Role Technology Plays in Tackling Climate Change -- Chapter7. Social and Environmental Imperatives for Risk Management: Lessons from the Rohingya Refugee Crisis -- Chapter8. Risks for the Environment, Biodiversity, Humankind and the Planet -- Chapter9. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Policy in Nepal: A Centralized – Decentralized Dichotomy -- Chapter10. Expanding Loops in Sustainable Intelligent Driven Markets in Zimbabwe -- Chapter11. Sustainable Consensus in an Uncertain Environment -- Chapter12. Robot Path Planning Research Applications in Static and Dynamic Environments.
    Abstract: Earth Systems Protection and Sustainability qualifies imperatives and discusses the use of mathematical approaches to assess and achieve sustainability in threatened and vulnerable Earth systems globally. Mathematical advances in this context include both operational and Boolean methods, as well as linguistic, logic-based Bayesian approaches and generative mathematics relevant to scenario formation. The mathematic methods are refined into functional areas and deeper learning which enable searching algorithm application to achieve optimal solutions for the circular nature and application of sustainability. Pertinent sections and synergistic elements are covered in order to synthesize key informative nodes to advise of the very real dangers facing planet Earth and its biodiversity. Each volume stands in its own right. Analytical and scientific chapters are blended with social resilience and socio-economic development considerations, thus enabling the settings of sustainability within varying scenarios of climatic forces and species dynamics. Volume 1 focuses on ground-breaking evolutionary expansion assisting with life’s continuation on Earth, sustainable management of pathogens and halophytes in agroecosystems, bioremediation methods in drilling waste management, conservation and sustainability of diversity, climate change mitigation strategies, displacement management in a large scale ongoing crisis, risk reduction and management policy, sustainable intelligent driven markets, sustainable consensus in an uncertain environment and path planning in static and dynamic environments. Pictorial contributions made from across the world, refine particularly urgent problems for attention or additionally provide solutions in methods of environmental sustainability as operated in communities to complement the descriptive chapter sections. Both volumes are targeted for a global audience of academic, professional, classroom, governmental, unit and community members, and seek to include all sectors to ensure ongoing and comprehensive Earth Systems Protection. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 337 p. 5 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030858292
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Statistics . ; Sampling (Statistics). ; Earth System Sciences. ; Applied Statistics. ; Methodology of Data Collection and Processing. ; Bayesian Inference.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part I Mathematical Formulation: Problem formulation -- Maximum a posteriori solution -- Strong-constraint 4DVar -- Weak constraint 4DVar -- Kalman filters and 3DVar -- Randomized-maximum-likelihood sampling -- Low-rank ensemble methods -- Fully nonlinear data assimilation -- Localization and inflation -- Methods’ summary -- Part II Examples and Applications: A Kalman filter with the Roessler model -- Linear EnKF update -- EnKF for an advection equation -- EnKF with the Lorenz equations -- 3Dvar and SC-4DVar for the Lorenz 63 model -- Representer method with an Ekman-flow model -- Comparison of methods on a scalar model -- Particle filter for seismic-cycle estimation -- Particle flow for a quasi-geostrophic model -- EnRML for history matching petroleum models -- ESMDA with a SARS-COV-2 pandemic model -- Final summary -- References -- Index. .
    Abstract: This open-access textbook's significant contribution is the unified derivation of data-assimilation techniques from a common fundamental and optimal starting point, namely Bayes' theorem. Unique for this book is the "top-down" derivation of the assimilation methods. It starts from Bayes theorem and gradually introduces the assumptions and approximations needed to arrive at today's popular data-assimilation methods. This strategy is the opposite of most textbooks and reviews on data assimilation that typically take a bottom-up approach to derive a particular assimilation method. E.g., the derivation of the Kalman Filter from control theory and the derivation of the ensemble Kalman Filter as a low-rank approximation of the standard Kalman Filter. The bottom-up approach derives the assimilation methods from different mathematical principles, making it difficult to compare them. Thus, it is unclear which assumptions are made to derive an assimilation method and sometimes even which problem it aspires to solve. The book's top-down approach allows categorizing data-assimilation methods based on the approximations used. This approach enables the user to choose the most suitable method for a particular problem or application. Have you ever wondered about the difference between the ensemble 4DVar and the "ensemble randomized likelihood" (EnRML) methods? Do you know the differences between the ensemble smoother and the ensemble-Kalman smoother? Would you like to understand how a particle flow is related to a particle filter? In this book, we will provide clear answers to several such questions. The book provides the basis for an advanced course in data assimilation. It focuses on the unified derivation of the methods and illustrates their properties on multiple examples. It is suitable for graduate students, post-docs, scientists, and practitioners working in data assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 245 p. 63 illus., 62 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030967093
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Bioinformatics. ; Industrial microbiology. ; Environmental management. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental sciences. ; Physics. ; Soil Science. ; Bioinformatics. ; Industrial Microbiology. ; Environmental Management. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Physics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part I: Soil Science. 1. Soil Formation -- 2. Soil Minerology -- 3. Soil Taxonomy and Classification -- 4. Soil Quality -- 5. Soil Analytical Techniques. Part II: Soil Physics. 6. Physical Properties of Soils -- 7. Soil Structure -- 8. Soil Tillage -- 9. Soil Water -- 10. Soil Air and Temperature -- 11. Soil Erosion -- Part III: Soil Chemistry. 12. Concepts of Soil Chemistry -- 13. Chemical Composition of Soil -- 14. Ion Exchange -- 15. pH, Salinity and Sodicity -- 16. Chemistry of Soil Nutrient -- Part IV: Soil Biology. 17. Microbiota -- 18. Soil Fauna -- 19. Organism Interactions with Soil Processes -- 20. Impact of Pesticides and Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity -- Part V: Environment and Soil Quality -- 21. Environmental Impacts -- 22. Effect of Climate Change on Soil Ecosystem -- 23. Soil Carbon Sequestration -- 24. Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management -- 25. Soil Pollution -- Index.
    Abstract: Soil is an important but often neglected element of the climate system. It is the second largest carbon store, or ‘sink’, after the oceans. Despite being a fundamental resource that supports all kinds of life on Earth, concerns related to soil are often not included as an important environmental issue. Climate changes put soil under pressure. The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere may cause the microbes in the soil to work faster to break down organic matter, potentially releasing even more carbon dioxide. The soil moisture content is being constantly affected by rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns and future projections show that this may continue. This book presents current environmental issues and their remedies for soil which are mainly based on soil degradation, soil pollution and the effect of climate change on the soil. Adding xenobiotic chemicals or other alterations in the natural soil environment for agricultural, industrial or urban purposes result in a decline in the soil quality due to improper use or poor management, which is a serious environmental problem. The book is divided into five parts - soil science, soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and soil environment. The first part “Soil Science” serves as the introduction to the book and discusses some common topics such as soil formation, mineralogy, taxonomy, quality and analytical techniques. The second part “Soil Physics” is mainly concerned with the physical properties and processes of soil and their association with effects on air, water and temperature. Soil Chemistry, the third part, discusses the chemical reactions and processes between inorganic and organic components.The fourth part “Soil Biology” explains the biological properties and processes of the soil, with special concern to microbial diversity and its effect on the ecology. Lastly, the fifth part “Soil Environment” discusses the current environmental problems such as climate change and soil pollution, including processes to mitigate these issues through carbon sequestration, nutrient management and land management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 268 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030926694
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Natural disasters. ; Geographic information systems. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geographical Information System. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introduction -- Chapter 1: Space Techniques and Earth Observation -- Chapter 2: Natural Hazards in the MENA Region -- Part II: Applications of Space Techniques for the MENA Region -- Chapter 3: Open Data and Tools for Multispectral Satellite Analysis of Desert Sand Dunes Migration: Case Studies in the MENA Region -- Chapter 4: How Severe is Water Stress in the MENA Region? Insights from GRACE and GRACE-FO Satellites and Global Hydrological Modeling -- Chapter 5: The Application of Remote Sensing on the Studies of Mean Sea Level Rise in the Arabian Gulf -- Chapter 6: Assessment of Vulnerability, Risk, and Adaptation of MENA Region to SLR by Remote Sensing and GIS -- Part III: Case Studies: Space techniques and Natural Hazards in the MENA Region -- Chapter 7: Use of satellite images and GIS for the assessment of natural hazards in Western Saudi Arabia -- Chapter 8: Remote Sensing and GIS application for Natural Hazards Assessment of the Mauritanian coastal zone -- Chapter 9: Remote sensing studies on monitoring natural hazards over cultural heritage sites in Cyprus -- Chapter 10: Flooding hazard assessment considering climate change in the coastal areas of Algeria based on a remote sensing and GIS data base -- Chapter 11: Geographical information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria analysis approach for flood risk mapping: case of Kasserine region, Tunisia -- Chapter 12: Applications of remote sensing techniques in earthquake and flood risk assessment in the Cyrenaica region, Al Jabal Al Akhdar area, NE Libya -- Integrated Methodology for Urban Flood Risk Mapping at the Microscale in Ungauged Regions: A Case Study of Hurghada, Egypt -- Chapter 14: Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques to Flood and Rainwater Harvesting: Case Study of Sennar, Sudan -- Chapter 15: Drought Assessment Using GIS and Remote Sensing in Jordan -- Chapter 16: Using Remote Sensing Techniques for Identifying the Environmental and Quantitative Indices of Drought in Tihama, Yemen -- Chapter 17: Assessment of drought impact on agricultural production using remote sensing and machine learning techniques in Kairouan prefecture, Tunisia -- Chapter 18: Quantitative assessment of land sensitivity to desertification in Central Sudan: An application of remote sensing-based MEDALUS Model -- Chapter 19: Selected benchmark for landslides susceptibility assessments in Northern Morocco -- Chapter 20: A Geophysical and Remote Sensing-based Approach for Monitoring Land Subsidence in Saudi Arabia -- Chapter 21: Landslide Susceptibility Map Production of Aden Peninsula - South West of Yemen -- Chapter 22: The use of Earth Observation data in wildfire fire risk management: a case study from Lebanon -- Chapter 23: Avalanche hazards with mitigation in Turkey and qualitative risk assessment for snow avalanches in Ayder (Rize, NE Turkey) using combination of GIS, remote sensing techniques and field studies -- Chapter 24: Space techniques to recognize seismological and geomorphological features in Libya -- Chapter 25: Seismological and remote sensing studies in the Dead Sea zone, Jordan 1987-2021 -- Chapter 26: Study of soil erosion risks using remote sensing and in Ouergha River watershed.
    Abstract: This book introduces a comprehensive understanding in the use of space techniques in natural hazards and risk management in the MENA Region. The book is based on different case-studies from 25 MENA countries, and will be useful in highlighting the issues from all aspects. In recent years the number of natural hazard events has increased in the MENA Region. This is exacerbated by the changing climate and extreme climate events, as well as a large increase in the population in this area. Disastrous events occur on a yearly basis characterized by a vulnerability of physical processes. Floods, earthquakes, and mass movement result in severe damage to property and livelihoods, and have devastating effects upon the environment. These events cause severe financial losses, which on an annual basis, can exceed millions of dollars. The predication, assessment and monitoring approaches remain inadequate in managing these hazards and in mitigating their impacts, but with the development of space techniques and geo-information systems, these situations can now be better managed. The miscellany of satellite images, with different spatial and temporal resolutions, enable the detection of terrain features and provide indications of potential natural risks. This book will of interest to stakeholders, including field experts, academics, researchers and decision makers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 635 p. 308 illus., 298 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030888749
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Criminology. ; Physical geography. ; Social policy. ; Political science. ; Crime Control and Security. ; Physical Geography. ; Social Policy. ; Politics and International Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction and Setting the Stage for Arctic Security -- Chapter 2. Comparative Security Policy in the North Atlantic -- Chapter 3. Academic insecurity – scholarly failure to address future Arctic security -- Chapter 4. North Atlantic Small State Security – the West Nordic Security Zone -- Chapter 5. Recommendation for an Icelandic Security Force – 2025 -- Chapter 6. Future Icelandic Sub-strategic Security Scenarios – 2025 -- Chapter 7. Icelandic Attitudes and Legal Framework Involving Security -- Chapter 8. Conclusion – Icelandic Security Ramifications.
    Abstract: This book outlines a recommended Icelandic security force as part of the country’s defence against sub-strategic threats such as human trafficking by criminals or border incursions by other states. It also tests the recommended security force through the development of four different hypothetical scenarios in the year 2030 designed to show the force’s successful implementation. Melting of the Arctic ice pack, and the opening of the Transpolar Sea Route around 2025 could lead to an increase in traffic into the North Atlantic from the Pacific (and vice versa). That movement is predicted to bring a massive influx of tourists, business interests, and government entities into the region. Along with legitimate uses of the new shipping lanes, the opportunity for terrorists, criminals, and rogue states to travel in and around the Arctic could lead to increased smuggling, violence, and sovereignty disputes (i.e., seizing uninhabited terrain). A review of Iceland’s current security policies indicates that the parliament provided the legal framework to create the recommended security force with the 2016 Parliamentary Resolution establishing a National Security Policy for Iceland. Many scholars and government officials believe that the Iceland public would not support a security force culturally. Yet, recent surveys reveal that many Icelanders could accept a security force to protect them from sub-strategic threats, especially if the increased security could be attained without the intervention of foreign military forces. The recommended security force utilizes Icelandic search-and-rescue volunteers and Reservists to increase the protection of the country funded by its full NATO contribution. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 149 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030899486
    Series Statement: Springer Polar Sciences,
    DDC: 364.4
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Environment. ; Human ecology Study and teaching. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: The world’s mountains in the Anthropocene -- Climate change and response processes of mountain environments Introduction to Section I -- Markers of climate change: analyzing extreme temperature indices over the Himalayan mountains and adjoining Punjab plains -- Spatial variations and long-term trends of rainfall across Uttarakhand Himalaya, India -- Spatio-temporal heterogeneity in glaciers response across Western Himalaya -- Temporal variability of the Satopanth glacier facies at sub-pixel scale, Garhwal Himalaya, India -- Anticipated shifting of thermal and moisture boundary under changing climate across Nepal -- Quantifying uncertainties in climate change projection and its impact on water availability in the Thuli Bheri river basin, Nepal -- Glaciers, climate, and people: Holocene transitions in the Stubai Valley -- Environmental and socio-economic consequences of recent mountain glacier fluctuations in Norway -- Paraglacial time scale and sediment fluxes for hillslope land systems in the northern Appalachian Mountains of Eastern Canada -- Distance from retreating snowfields influences alpine plant functional traits at Glacier National Park, Montana -- Environmental drivers of species composition and tree species density of a near-natural Himalayan treeline ecotone. Implications for the response to climate change -- Modelling the ecological niche of a treeline tree species (Betula utilis) in the Himalayas - a methodological overview -- Conifer growth during warming hiatus in the Altay-Sayan Mountain Region, Siberia -- Climate-induced fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.) mortality in the Siberian Mountains -- Climate change and dynamics of vegetation in the Lesser Caucasus: An overview -- Changing climate scenario in high altitude regions: Comparison of observed trends and perceptions of agro-pastoralists in Darma Valley, Uttarakhand, India -- Current crisis and future woes: The case of climate change in the Drakensberg Mountains region of southern Africa and its socio-economic impacts -- Section II: Response processes of mountain environments to land use change Introduction to Section II -- Assessment and prediction of land use/land cover changes of Beas Basin using a modelling approach -- Dynamics of land use/land cover changes in Mizoram, eastern extension of the Himalaya.
    Abstract: This book compiles available knowledge of the response of mountain ecosystems to recent climate and land use change and intends to bridge the gap between science, policy and the community concerned. The chapters present key concepts, major drivers and key processes of mountain response, providing transdisciplinary orientation to mountain studies incorporating experiences of academics, community leaders and policy-makers from developed and less developed countries. The book chapters are arranged in two sections. The first section concerns the response processes of mountain environments to climate change. This section addresses climate change itself (past, current and future changes of temperature and precipitation) and its impacts on the cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and human-environment systems. The second section focuses on the response processes of mountain environments to land use/land cover change. The case studies address effects of changing agriculture and pastoralism, forest/water resources management and urbanization processes, landscape management, and biodiversity conservation. The book is designed as an interdisciplinary publication which critically evaluates developments in mountains of the world with contributions from both social and natural sciences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 656 p. 283 illus., 240 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030702380
    Series Statement: Sustainable Development Goals Series,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Keywords: Zoology. ; Environment. ; Bioinformatics. ; Ecology . ; Biodiversity. ; Physical geography. ; Zoology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Computational and Systems Biology. ; Ecology. ; Biodiversity. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Historical review of research on Arctic and Subarctic Aleocharinae -- Material and methods -- Impact of climate change on northern fauna and flora -- Aleocharinae as indicators of change -- Faunal analysis and discussion -- Key to tribes occurring in Arctic and Subarctic zones -- Tribe Gymnusini Heer, 1839 -- Tribe Aleocharini Fleming, 1821 -- Tribe Oxypodini C.G. Thomson, 1859 -- Tribe Tachyusini C.G. Thomson, 1859 -- Tribe Hypocyphtini Laporte, 1835 -- Tribe Myllaenini Ganglbauer, 1895 -- Tribe Liparocephalini Fenyes, 1918 -- Tribe Homalotini Heer, 1839 -- Tribe Placusini Mulsant and Rey, 1871 -- Tribe Athetini Casey, 1910 -- Tribe Falagriini Mulsant and Rey, 1873.
    Abstract: Arctic and Subarctic North America is particularly affected by climate change, where average temperatures are rising three times faster than the global average. Documenting the changing climate/environment of the north requires a structured knowledge of indicator taxa that reflect the effects of climate changes. Aleocharine beetles are a dominant group of forest insects, which are being used in many projects as indicators of environmental change. Many species are forest specialists restricted to certain microhabitats, some are generalists and others are open habitat specialists. They represent many ecological niches and, as such, are good indicators for many other species as well. The majority of Canadian aleocharine beetle species (about 600 spp.) has been studied and published by Jan Klimaszewski et al. (2018, 2020), mainly from southern, central, and western Canada, while the northern taxa remain poorly known and documented. The aim of the present book is to summarize the knowledge on this insect group in the Arctic and Subarctic North America and to provide a diagnostic and ecological tool for scientists studying and monitoring insects in northern Canada and Alaska. The book includes a review of the literature, information on 238 species and their habitats, taxonomic review, images, and identification tools.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 712 p. 315 illus., 307 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030681913
    DDC: 590
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Botany. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology. ; Plant Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Conservation Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: PRELIMINARY (ToC of second edition) 1 Plant ecology at high elevations -- The concept of limitation -- A regional and historical account -- The challenge of alpine plant research -- 2 The alpine life zone -- Altitudinal boundaries -- Global alpine land area -- Alpine plant diversity -- Origin of alpine floras -- Alpine growth forms -- 3 Alpine climate -- Which alpine climate -- Common features of alpine climates -- Regional features of alpine climates -- 4 The climate plants experience -- Interactions of relief, wind and sun -- How alpine plants influence their climate -- The geographic variation of alpine climate -- 5 Life under snow: protection and limitation -- Temperatures under snow -- Solar radiation under snow -- Gas concentrations under snow -- Plant responses to snowpack -- 6 Alpine soils -- Physics of alpine soil formation -- The organic compound -- The interaction of organic and inorganic compounds -- 7 Alpine treelines -- About trees and lines -- Current altitudinal positions of climatic treelines -- Treeline-climate relationships -- Intrazonal variations and pantropical plateauing of alpine treelines -- Treelines in the past -- Attempts at a functional explanation of treelines -- A hypothesis for treeline formation -- Growth trends near treelines -- Evidence for sink limitation -- 8 Climatic stress -- Survival of low temperature extremes -- Avoidance and tolerance of low temperature extremes -- Heat stress in alpine plants -- Ultraviolet radiation — a stress factor -- 9 Water relations -- Ecosystem water balance -- Soil moisture at high altitudes -- Plant water relations — a brief review of principles -- Water relations of alpine plants -- Desiccation stress -- Water relations of special plant types -- 10 Mineral nutrition -- Soil nutrients -- The nutrient status of alpine plants -- Nutrient cycling and nutrient budgets -- Nitrogen fixation -- Mycorrhiza -- Responses of vegetation to variable nutrient supply -- 11 Uptake and loss of carbon -- Photosynthetic capacity of alpine plants -- Photosynthetic responses to the environment -- Daily carbon gain of leaves -- The seasonal carbon gain of leaves -- C4 and CAM photosynthesis at high altitudes -- Tissue respiration of alpine plants -- Ecosystem carbon balance -- 12 Carbon investments -- Non-structural carbohydrates -- Lipids and energy content -- Carbon costs of leaves and roots -- Whole plant carbon allocation -- 13 Growth dynamics and phenology -- Seasonal growth -- Diurnal leaf extension -- Rates of plant dry matter accumulation -- Functional duration of leaves and roots -- 14 Cell division and tissue formation -- Cell size and plant size -- Mitosis and the cell cycle -- From meristem activity to growth control -- 15 Plant biomass production -- The structure of alpine plant canopies -- Primary productivity of alpine vegetation -- Plant dry matter pools -- Biomass losses through herbivores -- 16 Plant reproduction -- Flowering and pollination -- Seed development and seed size -- Germination -- Alpine seed banks and natural recruitment -- Clonal propagation -- Alpine plant age -- Community processes -- 17 Global change at high elevation -- Alpine land use -- The impact of altered atmospheric chemistry -- Climatic change and alpine ecosystems -- References (with chapter annotation) -- Taxonomic index (genera) -- Geographical index -- Color plates -- Plant life forms -- The alpine life zone -- Environmental stress -- The human dimension.
    Abstract: This book is a completely revised, substantially extended treatment of the physical and biological factors that drive life in high mountains. The book covers the characteristics of alpine plant life, alpine climate and soils, life under snow, stress tolerance, treeline ecology, plant water, carbon, and nutrient relations, plant growth and productivity, developmental processes, and two largely novel chapters on alpine plant reproduction and global change biology. The book explains why the topography driven exposure of plants to dramatic micro-climatic gradients over very short distances causes alpine biodiversity to be particularly robust against climatic change. Geographically, this book draws on examples from all parts of the world, including the tropics. This book is complemented with novel evidence and insight that emerged over the last 17 years of alpine plant research. The number of figures – mostly in color – nearly doubled, with many photographs providing a vivid impression of alpine plant life worldwide. Christian Körner was born in 1949 in Austria, received his academic education at the University of Innsbruck, and was full professor of Botany at the University of Basel from 1989 to 2014. As emeritus Professor he is continuing alpine plant research in the Swiss Alps.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 500 p. 319 illus., 283 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 3rd ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030595388
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Forestry. ; Physical geography. ; Applied ecology. ; Ecology . ; Ecosystems. ; Forestry. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Applied Ecology. ; Terrestial Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction to Fire Ecology across USA Forested Ecosystems: Past, Present, and Future (Cathryn H. Greenberg, Beverly S. Collins, Scott Goodrick, Michael C. Stambaugh, and Gary R. Wein) -- Chapter 2. The Role of Fire in the Dynamics of Piedmont Vegetation (Joanna Spooner, Robert K. Peet, Michael P. Schafale, Alan S. Weakley and Thomas R. Wentworth) -- Chapter 3. Fire Ecology and Fire Management of Southeastern Coastal Plain Pine Ecosystems (Jeff S. Glitzenstein, J. Stephen Brewer, Ronald. E. Masters, J. Morgan Varner, and J. Kevin Hiers) -- Chapter 4. Fire Ecology and Management in Eastern Broadleaf and Appalachian Forests (Mary A. Arthur, J. Morgan Varner, Charles W. Lafon, Heather D. Alexander, Daniel C. Dey, Craig A. Harper, Sally P. Horn, Todd F. Hutchinson, Tara L. Keyser, Marcus A. Lashley, Christopher E. Moorman, and Callie J. Schweitzer) -- Chapter 5. Fire Ecology and Management of Forest Ecosystems in the Western Central Hardwoods and Prairie-Forest Border (Michael C. Stambaugh, Benjamin O. Knapp, and Daniel C. Dey) -- Chapter 6. Fire in Floodplain Forests of the Southeastern USA hy (Paul R. Gagnon, Loretta L. Battaglia, Brice B. Hanberry, William H. Conner, and Sammy L. King) -- Chapter 7. History and Future of Fire in Hardwood and Conifer Forests of the Great Lakes-Northeastern Forest Region, USA(Lee E. Frelich, Craig G. Lorimer, and Michael C. Stambaugh) -- Chapter 8. Fire Ecology of Rocky Mountain Forests(Sharon M. Hood, Brian J. Harvey, Paula J. Fornwalt, Cameron E. Naficy, Winslow D. Hansen, Kimberley T. Davis, Mike A. Battaglia, Camille Stevens-Rumann, Victoria Saab) -- Chapter 9. Fire Ecology of the North American Mediterranean-Climate Zone(Hugh D. Safford, Ramona J. Butz, Gabrielle N. Bohlman, Michelle Coppoletta, Becky L. Estes, Shana E. Gross, Kyle E. Merriam, Marc D. Meyer, Nicole A. Molinari, and Amarina Wuenschel) -- Chapter 10. Fire Ecology and Management in Pacific Northwest Forests(Matthew J. Reilly, Jessica E. Halofsky, Meg A. Krawchuk, Daniel C. Donato, Paul F. Hessburg, James Johnston, Andrew Merschel, Mark E. Swanson, Joshua S. Halofsky, and Thomas A. Spies) -- Chapter 11. Fire Ecology and Management of Southwestern Forests(Peter Z. Fulé, Catrin M. Edgeley, Carol L. Chambers, Serra Hoagland, Blanca Céspedes) -- Chapter 12. Fire and Forests in the 21st Century: Managing Resilience under Changing Climates and Fire Regimes in USA Forests(James M. Vose, David L. Peterson, Christopher J. Fettig, Jessica E. Halofsky, J. Kevin Hiers, Robert E. Keane, Rachel Loehman, and Michael C. Stambaugh).
    Abstract: This edited volume presents original scientific research and knowledge synthesis covering the past, present, and potential future fire ecology of major US forest types, with implications for forest management in a changing climate. The editors and authors highlight broad patterns among ecoregions and forest types, as well as detailed information for individual ecoregions, for fire frequencies and severities, fire effects on tree mortality and regeneration, and levels of fire-dependency by plant and animal communities. The foreword addresses emerging ecological and fire management challenges for forests, in relation to sustainable development goals as highlighted in recent government reports. An introductory chapter highlights patterns of variation in frequencies, severities, scales, and spatial patterns of fire across ecoregions and among forested ecosystems across the US in relation to climate, fuels, topography and soils, ignition sources (lightning or anthropogenic), and vegetation. Separate chapters by respected experts delve into the fire ecology of major forest types within US ecoregions, with a focus on the level of plant and animal fire-dependency, and the role of fire in maintaining forest composition and structure. The regional chapters also include discussion of historic natural (lightning-ignited) and anthropogenic (Native American; settlers) fire regimes, current fire regimes as influenced by recent decades of fire suppression and land use history, and fire management in relation to ecosystem integrity and restoration, wildfire threat, and climate change. The summary chapter combines the major points of each chapter, in a synthesis of US-wide fire ecology and forest management into the future. This book provides current, organized, readily accessible information for the conservation community, land managers, scientists, students and educators, and others interested in how fire behaviour and effects on structure and composition differ among ecoregions and forest types, and what that means for forest management today and in the future. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 502 p. 71 illus., 65 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030732677
    Series Statement: Managing Forest Ecosystems, 39
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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