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  • English  (628)
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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Chicago, Ill. : The University of Chicago Press
    Call number: PIK D 029-19-92536
    Keywords: USA ; Demokratie
    Description / Table of Contents: More democracy -- Unequal wealth distorts politics -- What has gone wrong -- Thwarting the will of the people -- The political clout of wealthy Americans -- Corporations and interest groups -- Polarized parties and gridlock -- What can be done -- Equal voice for all citizens -- Overcoming gridlock and democratizing institutions -- How to do it -- A social movement for democracy -- Signs of progress
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 369 Seiten , Diagramme
    ISBN: 9780226508962 , 9780226509013 (electronic)
    Language: English
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This volume provides information and analyses to better grasp the social implications of geographical borders as well as the individuals who travel between them and those who live in border regions. Sociologists, anthropologists, philosophers, linguists, and scholars of international relations and public health are just some of the authors contributing to Rethinking Borders. The diversity in the authors’ disciplines and the topics they focus on exemplify the intricacies of borders and their manifold effects. This openness to so many schools of thought stands in contrast to the solidification of stricter borders across the globe. The contributions range from case studies of migrants’ sense of belonging and safety to theoretical discussions about migration and globalization, from empirical studies about immigrant practices and exclusionary laws to ethical concerns about the benefits of inclusion. It is timely that this collective work is published in the middle of a pandemic that has affected every single part of the world. Unprecedented border closures and stringent travel restrictions have not been enough to contain the virus entirely. As COVID-19 shows, diseases, ideas, and xenophobic and racist discourses know no borders. Plans that transcend borders are vital when dealing with global threats, such as climate change and pandemics.
    Keywords: distributive justice ; political legitimacy ; international legitimacy ; liberal theory of international relations ; immigration ; political self-determination ; territorial rights ; nationalism ; statism ; migration crisis ; ideal type ; refugees ; immigrants ; migration policy ; methodological nationalism ; nation-state ; state/anarchy model ; globalization ; epistemic ideals ; human mobility ; citizenship ; children in detention ; border policing ; illegalization ; neoliberalism ; USA ; Australia ; immigration detention ; care ; migration ; migration management ; nursing ; recruitment ; globalized labor markets ; Germany ; migration and crime ; human security ; border wall ; safest American city ; Latinos ; decolonisation ; SADC borders ; regional integration ; diversity ; superdiversity ; multiculture ; critical diversity studies ; racism ; discrimination ; diversity policies ; English name ; Chinese name ; Taiwan ; pragmalinguistics ; sociolinguistics ; naming practices ; identity ; nickname ; anti-immigration ; populism ; xenophobia ; globalists ; borders ; global health diplomacy (GHD) ; CARICOM ; public health ; health security ; epidemics ; Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ; non-communicable diseases (NCDs) ; peace ; foreign policy ; Caribbean ; border ; homelessness ; hard drug users ; self-inflicted violence ; body without organs ; group asylum ; sovereignty ; ethics of recognition ; ethics of care ; solidarity ; Axel Honneth ; Jürgen Habermas ; mental health ; point in time ; diagnosis ; border walls ; fences ; limited migration ; open borders ; free movement ; regionalism ; localism ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book focuses on how and why digital games and gambling are increasingly intertwined and asks “does this matter?” Looking at how “loot boxes” became the poster child for the convergence of gambling and gaming, Wardle traces how we got here. She argues that the intersection between gambling and gaming cultures has a long lineage, one that can be traced back throughout the 20th century but also incorporates more recent trends like the poker boom of the 1990s, the development of social media gambling products and the development of skin betting markets. Underpinned by changing technology, which facilitated new ways to bet, trade and play, the intersection between gaming and gambling cultures and products has accelerated within the last decade – and shows little signs of stopping. Wardle explores what this means for our understanding of risk, how gaming and gambling entities use each other for commercial advantage, and crucially explores what young people think of this, before making recommendations for action.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Internet ; Online ; Australia ; UK ; USA ; Reward ; Risk ; Money ; E-sports ; Leisure ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC1 Popular culture ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBS Sociology: sport and leisure ; thema EDItEUR::S Sports and Active outdoor recreation
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Peter Lang International Academic Publishers
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: From a historical perspective, the full academic establishment of Women’s and Gender Studies is a radical and far-reaching innovation. Decisive impulses have come from the United States, the European unification and globalization. European Women’s and Gender Studies are therefore intimately linked to the English language and Anglophone cultures, as the near untranslatability of «gender» shows. In this volume 25 experts present surveys for their countries with a historical and European contextualization and offer fundamental insights not only for English Studies but also various other disciplines.
    Keywords: Academia ; Anglicist ; Behinderung ; Chancengleichheit ; Class ; Class ; Continental ; Development ; Disability ; Disability ; Education ; Ethnicity ; Europe ; Feminism ; Gender ; Haas ; History of American Studies ; History of English Studies ; Intersections ; Learning ; Life ; Narratives ; Narritive ; Portraits ; Progress ; Queer Studies ; Race ; Race ; Rewriting ; Schüler ; Social ; Studies ; Unterprivilegierter ; Urban ; Urban ; USA ; Women’s ; Women's movements ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general::DSBH Literary studies: c 1900 to c 2000 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSF Gender studies, gender groups::JBSF1 Gender studies: women and girls
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Pluto Press | Pluto Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: A People's History of the Second World War unearths the fascinating history of the war as fought 'from below'. Until now, the vast majority of historical accounts have focussed on the conflict between the Allied and Axis powers for imperialist mastery. Donny Gluckstein shows that in fact between 1939 and 1945 two distinct wars were fought – one ‘from above’ and one ‘from below’. Using examples from countries under the Nazi heel, in the colonies and within the Axis and Allied camps, Gluckstein brings to life the very different struggle of the people's and resistance movements which proliferated during the war. He shows how they fought not just fascism, but colonialism and empire, and were betrayed by the Allies at the war’s end. This book will fundamentally challenge our understanding of the Second World War – both about the people who fought it and the reasons for which it was fought.
    Keywords: History ; Second World War ; History ; Empire ; People's History ; Nazi Germany ; Fascism ; Colonialism ; Resistance Movements ; Greece ; Yugoslavia ; Poland ; Latvia ; France ; Italy ; USA ; Germany ; Austria ; Vietnam ; Indonesia ; ww2 ; wwii ; Imperialism ; Nazism ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWR Specific wars and campaigns::NHWR7 Second World War ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWL Modern warfare ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPB Early 20th century c 1900 to c 1950::3MPBL c 1940 to c 1949::3MPBLB c 1938 to c 1946 (World War Two period)
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    De Gruyter | Birkhäuser
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: The publication rethinks climate control through the lens of city climate phenomena. Based on a history of climate control on urban scales, it promotes the integration of indoors and outdoors in order to reduce environmental and thermal loads in cities.While the first part of the book focuses on the interwar period in Europe, the publication’s second part considers examples from all over the globe until the late 20th century.
    Keywords: Urbansim ; micro climate ; 20th century ; Europe ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMA Theory of architecture ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMV Landscape architecture and design::AMVD City and town planning: architectural aspects ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RP Regional and area planning
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Peter Lang International Academic Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2022-05-13
    Description: In 2001, goodwill amortization in the US was eliminated in favor of an impairment-only approach, which, according to critics, gives managers vast discretion and opportunities for earnings management. Prior research suggests that discretionary asset write-offs are associated with economic factors and managers’ financial reporting objectives. Based on a systematic literature review, this study investigates for a comprehensive sample of US firms the determinants of goodwill write-off behavior. Regression analysis shows that write-off behavior is significantly explained by firms’ economic properties. Only in large, high-profile firms, incentives appear to be significant determinants. These findings suggest that the impairment-only approach does capture goodwill impairment at least to some extent.
    Keywords: Bilanzpolitik ; Empirical ; Firmenwert ; Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ; Geschäftswert ; Goodwill ; Goodwill ; Impairment ; Impairment ; Investigation ; Offs ; Sellhorn ; SFAS ; under ; USA ; US-GAAP ; Wertberichtigung ; Write ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KF Finance & accounting::KFC Accounting::KFCX Accounting: study & revision guides ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV1 Budgeting & financial management
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Creationism is based on a fundamental belief in the inerrancy of the bible and negatively affects science education because creationist proponents insist on the inclusion of supernatural explanations for the appearance of species, in particular the origin of humans. This detrimental effect on education is particularly relevant in the United States, where almost 70% of the population rejects the idea of naturalistic evolution and the majority of American students struggle to meet the college-readiness benchmarks in science and math. This dissertation provides a comprehensive look at the issue from historical, judicial and educational perspectives. Twenty-four legal cases in the United States regarding anti-evolutionary strategies were analyzed in detail. Strategic trends were identified ranging from the statewide banning of evolution in public schools to the required teaching of Creation Science. The exact effect of creationist political activity was discerned through the analysis of state science standards and textbook adoption processes, which illustrated the creationists’ ability to lobby for a diminished coverage of evolution in science standards and textbooks. It was found that despite attempts made by scientific and educational agencies to provide guidelines such as the Next Generation Science Standards, the majority of American state science standards continue to be sub-par and one of the major flaws of these standards is the overall attempt to weaken the coverage of evolution throughout the standards. A similar loss of quality occurs in textbooks since publishers engage in self-censorship in order to avoid controversial topics such as evolution in order to prevent their books from being rejected. An examination of the free-choice learning materials revealed that creationist proponents are very active and successful in producing books, films and museums for the sole purpose of promoting creationism. Moreover, a brief look at the creationist movement in Germany provided a powerful comparison to the United States and elucidated the key components necessary for a creationist movement to exist and flourish, namely the presence of fundamentalist willing to fight to get anti-evolutionary materials introduced into science classrooms. This study provides new insights into the creationist phenomenon, present not only in the United States but also increasingly present in European countries such as Germany. Understanding the detrimental link between creationism and science education will help the science community realize that this topic needs to be continually readdressed and that it is imperative that these creationist trends are not dismissed as inconsequential.
    Description: Der Kreationismus in all seinen Varianten geht weitgehend bis heute von der Annahme aus, dass die biologische Vielfalt nicht durch natürliche Ursachen, sondern durch Einwirkung übernatürlicher Kräfte entstanden ist (Einwirkung eines Schöpfer-Wesens). Nicht mehr hinterfragbare Begründungen sind dabei für kreationistisch geprägte Theorien charakteristisch, auch die ID-Bewegung setzt hier fort. In beiden Fällen (Kreationismus/ID) handelt es sich nicht um Theorien, da sie die Ansprüche, die man in der Wissenschaft an eine Theorie stellt, nicht erfüllen. Es sind vielmehr pseudowissenschaftliche, antidarwinistische Theoriengebäude die derzeit mit dazu beitragen, dass die „Religion“ generell in Misskredit gezogen wird. Diese Sichtweise kann sich auch negativ auf den naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht auswirken, wenn Kreationisten bspw. versuchen, übernatürliche Erklärungen für das Auftreten von Arten im Biologieunterricht zu propagieren. Diese „weltanschauliche“ Interpretation ist besonders stark innerhalb des naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichtes in den Vereinigten Staaten zu finden, wo fast 75% der Bevölkerung die naturalistische Evolutionstheorie ablehnt. Zudem sind die meisten amerikanischen Schüler unfähig, erfolgreich an naturwissenschaftlichen Universitätskursen teilzunehmen. Vorliegende Arbeit liefert eine erste umfassende Bestandsaufnahme des „Kreationismus-Phänomens“ aus historischer, rechtlicher und pädagogischer Perspektive. Es wurden hierfür 24 Rechtsfälle, die auf anti-evolutionärer Grundlage basierten, im Detail analysiert und die strategischen Tendenzen der Kreationismus-Bewegung identifiziert. Hierbei wird verdeutlicht, dass die kreationistischen Strategien Großteils als Reaktion auf die jeweiligen Gerichtsentscheidungen entstanden sind. Weiterhin wurde die direkte Einflussnahme des Kreationismus auf das Bildungssystem mittels staatlicher Einflussnahme auf Lehrbuchinhalte und Bildungsstandards im Fachbereich Biologie analysiert. Da die Inhalte von Lehrbüchern und Bildungsstandards vorwiegend durch politische Prozesse und Gremien in den USA festgelegt werden, gelang es so den Kreationisten, durch entsprechende politische Einflussnahme, die Wissenschaftlichkeit der Evolutionsbiologie innerhalb der Lehrbücher und Bildungsstandards herabzusetzen, mit der Konsequenz, dass das Thema „Evolution“ nur noch marginal unterrichtet werden kann. Zusätzlich ergab eine Analyse frei wählbarer amerikanischer Lehr- und Lernmaterialien, dass die Kreationisten auch sehr erfolgreich darin sind, ihre Ideen entsprechend zu vermarkten (Bücher, Filme, Errichtung von Museen), um so ihre Ziele auch außerhalb des Klassenraumes zu stärken. Ebenso wurde die Kreationismus-Bewegung in Deutschland dargestellt. Dieser Vergleich zwischen den beiden Ländern soll mit dazu beitragen, die generellen Schlüsselkomponenten kreationistischer Bewegungen aufzudecken. Die Studie liefert hier neue, detaillierte Einblicke in die Kreationismus-Bewegung und zeigt, dass diese Strömung derzeit weiter sehr aktiv und erfolgreich ist. Überdies wird gezeigt, dass der Kreationismus (ID-Bewegung) sich nicht nur in den Vereinigten Staaten ausgebreitet hat, sondern auch zunehmend in europäischen Ländern zu finden ist.
    Keywords: Creationism ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Declining access to fresh water is one of the twenty-first century’s most pressing environmental and human rights challenges, yet the struggle for water is not a new cause. The 8,800-kilometer border dividing Canada and the United States contains more than 20 percent of the world’s total freshwater resources, and Border Flows traces the century-long effort by Canada and the United States to manage and care for their ecologically and economically shared rivers and lakes. Ranging across the continent, from the Great Lakes to the Northwest Passage to the Salish Sea, the histories in Border Flows offer critical insights into the historical struggle to care for these vital waters. From multiple perspectives, the book reveals alternative paradigms in water history, law, and policy at scales from the local to the transnational. Students, concerned citizens, and policymakers alike will benefit from the lessons to be found along this critical international border. With contributions by Andrea Charron, Alice Cohen, Dave Dempsey, Jerry Dennis, Colin A.M. Duncan, Matthew Evenden, James W. Feldman, Noah D. Hall, Lynne Heasley, Nancy Langston, Frédéric Lasserre, Daniel Macfarlane, Andrew Marcille, Jeremy Mouat, Emma S. Norman, Peter Starr, Joseph E. Taylor III, and Graeme Wynn
    Keywords: Canada ; USA ; Transnational ; Environment ; History ; Freshwater ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    The Ohio State University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Most importantly, the book shows how literature constitutes an alternative public sphere for Black people. In a society largely controlled by white supremacist actors and institutions, Black authors have conjured fiction into a space where hard questions can be asked and answered and where the work of combatting collective, racist suppression can occur without replicating oppressive hierarchies. Intimate Antagonisms uncovers a key theme in Black fiction and argues that literature itself is a vital institutional site within Black life. Through the examination of intimate conflicts in a wide array of twentieth- and twenty-first-century novels, Blake demonstrates the centrality of intraracial relations to the complexity and vision of Black social movements and liberation struggles and the power and promise of Black narrative in reshaping struggle.
    Keywords: History ; 20th century ; 21st century ; novels ; ethnic minorities ; black studies ; colonialism ; latin america ; USA ; literary studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-03-26
    Description: Jamaica Kincaid’s works consistently explore the long-lasting effects of colonial history on contemporary lives. Focusing on the media of text, image, and the human body, the chapters of this book show how Kincaid’s ''poetics of impermanence'' destabilize hegemonial representations of history and in their stead establish self-determined versions of the past through a multiplication of perspectives and voices.
    Keywords: USA ; Jamaica Kincaid ; Postcolonial Studies ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general::DSBH Literary studies: c 1900 to c 2000 ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTZ General studies and General knowledge
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Brookings Institution Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: In today’s U.S. defense policy debates, big land wars are out. Drones, cyber weapons, special forces, and space weapons are in. Accordingly, Pentagon budget cuts have honed in on the army and ground forces: this, after the long wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, seems like an appealing idea. No one really wants American boots on the ground in bloody conflicts abroad. But it is not so easy to simply declare an end to messy land wars. A survey of the world’s trouble spots suggests that land warfare has more of a future than many now seem to believe. In The Future of Land Warfare, Michael O’Hanlon offers an analysis of the future of the world’s ground forces.
    Keywords: Political Science ; USA ; Defense Strategy ; Land Warfare ; Weapons and Equipment ; Defense Politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCD Land forces and warfare
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Brill
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: While the literature on slave flight in nineteenth-century North America has commonly focused on fugitive slaves escaping to the U.S. North and Canada, Conditional Freedom provides new insights on the social and political geography of freedom and slavery in nineteenth-century North America by exploring the development of southern routes of escape from slavery in the U.S. South and the experiences of self-emancipated slaves in the U.S.–Mexico borderlands. In Conditional Freedom, Thomas Mareite offers a social history of U.S. refugees from slavery, and provides a political history of the clash between Mexican free soil and the spread of slavery west of the Mississippi valley during the nineteenth-century.
    Keywords: 19th century ; African American history ; African-American ; boderlands ; emancipation ; History ; maroon ; marronage ; Mexico ; refugee ; refugees from slavery ; runaway ; runaway slaves ; sanctuary policy ; slaves ; U.S.–Mexico borderlands ; United States of America ; US ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTS Slavery and abolition of slavery ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFG Refugees and political asylum ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFH Migration, immigration and emigration ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBC Relating to migrant groups / diaspora communities or peoples ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1K The Americas::1KB North America (USA and Canada)::1KBB United States of America, USA ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1K The Americas::1KL Latin America – Mexico, Central America, South America::1KLC Mexico and Central America::1KLCM Mexico
    Language: English
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    Pluto Press
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: In an age of political and economic uncertainty, from the Great Recession to the election of Donald Trump, it is essential to understand the ways capitalism and imperialism are central to the American way of life. The story told in this book brings together a new interpretation of American history beyond mainstream perspectives to chart the ways in which white-settler colonialism pushed expansion on the western frontier of empire, and locates the history through which empire gradually took on a capitalist form. It follows the pathway of expansion from the making of an Atlantic world market through the creation of white colonies in New England and Virginia. From here the book charts the growth of empire across the north and south, highlighting the gendered dynamics of empire-building, and culminates in a discussion of the Civil War and the consolidation of over two centuries of capitalist development explaining how a society with capitalism became a capitalist society.
    Keywords: History ; USA ; North America ; History ; International Relations ; Capitalism ; Political Economy ; Colonies ; Virginia ; New England ; Civil War ; Settler Colonialism ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Rozman shows how East Asia’s international relations over three decades can be best understood through the lens of triangles, analyzing relations between the key nations through a series of trilateral relationships. He argues that triangles present a convincing answer to the question of whether we had entered a new era of bipolarity like the Cold War or an age of multipolarity. Triangulation emerged as a dynamic in East Asia in the aftermath of the Cold War and was accelerated in the course of the Xi and Trump administrations. Even as Sino-US competition and confrontation deepened, triangles had a substantial presence. East Asian triangles share an unusual mixture of three distinct elements: deep-seated security distrust, extraordinary economic interdependence, and a combustible composition of historical resentments and civilizational confidence. The combination of the three makes the case for triangularity more compelling, Rozman argues. The legacy of communism, the pursuit of reunification on the Korean Peninsula, and moves to expand beyond the US-Japan alliance have all driven the way triangles have evolved. Only as bipolarity intensified in the 2020s was triangularity losing ground. The degree of turnabout is analyzed for all of the cases considered. Rozman evaluates each key triangle of states in turn and assesses how the relationship impacts the region more widely. This book provides an essential framework for understanding the current state and trajectory of East Asian international relations, for students and policymakers.
    Keywords: Australia ; China ; Cold War ; India ; Indo-Pacific ; Japan ; Korea ; Russia ; the Quad ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSD Diplomacy
    Language: English
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    Bloomsbury Academic
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: From the silent era through the 1950s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture was the preeminent government filmmaking organization. In the United States, USDA films were shown in movie theaters, public and private schools at all educational levels, churches, libraries and even in open fields. For many Americans in the early 1900s, the USDA films were the first motion pictures they watched. And yet USDA documentaries have received little serious scholarly attention. The lack of serious study is especially concerning since the films chronicle over half a century of American farm life and agricultural work and, in so doing, also chronicle the social, cultural, and political changes in the United States at a crucial time in its development into a global superpower. Focusing specifically on four key films, Winn explicates the representation of African Americans in these films within the socio-political context of their times.
    Keywords: Media & Communications ; Film History ; Black History ; USA ; USDA Films ; 1950s ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema::ATFA Film history, theory or criticism
    Language: English
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    Hamburg University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-26
    Description: In the American “Wild West” the nation’s predominant paleontologists O. C. Marsh and E. D. Cope raced for the discovery of the most spectacular dinosaur fossils the world had ever seen. The “Bone Wars” not only unearthed triceratops, stegosaurus, and brontosaurus, they also made US paleontology world-famous. This book analyzes international scientific networks, carves out German influences on the evolution of US paleontology and higher education, and examines the link between the rise of US nationalism and science. So-far neglected by scholars, the perspectives of O. C. Marsh’s German assistants take center stage.
    Keywords: History of paleontology ; Cultural history ; History of knowledge ; Gilded Age ; USA ; 1860–1900 ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSA Literary theory
    Language: English
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter Oldenbourg
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Tracing a practice called "playing American" through the stages of videogame development, gameplay, and reception, this book delineates how aspects of American culture are reproduced transnationally through popular open-world videogames. Case studies of the Grand Theft Auto, Watch Dogs, and Red Dead Redemption franchises highlight different figurations of this phenomenon.
    Keywords: Cultural studies ; USA ; Pop culture ; video games ; media studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHA History: theory and methods ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHA History: theory and methods::NHAH Historiography ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MR 21st century, c 2000 to c 2100 ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC1 Popular culture
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: American Mobilities investigates representations of mobility – social, economic, geographic – in American film and literature during the Depression, WWII, and the early Cold War. With an emphasis on the dual meaning of »domestic«, referring to both the family home and the nation, this study traces the important trope of mobility that runs through the »American« century. Juxtaposing canonical fiction with popular, and low-budget independent films with Classical Hollywood, Leyda brings the analytic tools of American cultural and literary studies to bear on an eclectic array of primary texts as she builds a case for the significance of mobility in the study of the United States.
    Keywords: Literature ; Literature ; Film ; Culture ; USA ; Mobility ; Capital Flows ; Labour Flows ; Contemporary History ; Great Depression ; Global Financial Crisis ; Cultural Studies ; America ; American Studies ; American History ; Cultural History ; Hollywood ; Los Angeles ; Middle class ; Race and ethnicity in the United States Census ; Racism ; United States ; Western (genre) ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies
    Language: English
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    Peter Lang International Academic Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: The author expands the definition of Turkish American literature beyond fiction written by Americans of Turkish descent to incorporate texts that literally ‘commute’ between two national spheres. This segment of Turkish American literature transcends established paradigms of immigrant life-writing, as it includes works by Turkish authors who do not qualify as American permanent residents and were not born in the United States by Turkish parents (such as Elif Shafak and Halide Edip), and on novels where the Turkish and Ottoman matter decisively prevails over the American (Güneli Gün’s «On the Road to Baghdad» and Alev Lytle Croutier’s «Seven Houses»). Yet, these texts were written in English, were purposefully located on the American market, and simultaneously engage the Turkish and the American cultural and literary traditions.
    Keywords: Literature ; Literary studies ; USA ; Turkey ; immigration ; literary theory ; novel
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Ties to the homeland have always been a central focus of global diaspora and migration studies. How and why do the descendants of migrants maintain their attachment to the ancestral homeland? To what extent do emotional ties bind second and later generations of migrants to that place? Tsypylma Darieva examines various actors, channels and sites of transnational Armenian engagement that generate new pathways of diasporic ›roots‹ mobility. Drawing on long-term ethnographic observations in Armenia and in the USA, she examines transnational flows of people, money and ideas to show the social and political significance that roots mobility acquires when the mythical ›homeland‹ becomes a real place.
    Keywords: Transnational Engagement ; Diaspora ; Homeland ; Armenia ; USA ; Migration ; Globalization ; Memory Culture ; Cultural Anthropology ; Eastern Europe ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFH Migration, immigration and emigration ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBC Relating to migrant groups / diaspora communities or peoples ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
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    Verlag Barbara Budrich | Verlag Barbara Budrich
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: After 9/11 presents 17 interviews with America´s leading political thinkers. Renowned experts such as Zbigniew Brzezinski, Francis Fukuyama, and Noam Chomsky discuss the nation’s foreign policy in the post-9/11 world. Yet, they also comment on their own role in US society – and the mounting challenges they face today. The conversations illustrate the hopes and expectations, the anger and frustration, the shattered beliefs and unshakable convictions of the nation´s preeminent minds – at a time when America made its epic transition from George W. Bush to Barack Obama. Renowned experts engage in a vibrant debate about their nation´s position on the global stage: What is America´s foreign policy in the post-9/11 world? What should it be? What led to the catastrophe of September 11? How best to prevent another one, and how to restore America´s damaged reputation? What to expect of Obama? While struggling to define their nation´s role in a world that has changed since the terror attacks, the intellectuals discuss their own role in 21st-century society – a society that thrives on public discourse. The book is written for students, graduates, and lecturers in political science, sociology, culture studies, philosophy, and history. However, anyone interested not only in the political positions of America´s most prominent thinkers but also in how these thinkers feel about what they do and how they do it will enjoy this book. Interview partners: Benjamin Barber John Bolton Zbigniew Brzezinski Noam Chomsky Francis Fukuyama Jean Bethke Elshtain Robert O. Keohane James M. Lindsay Michael Novak Joseph Nye Clyde Prestowitz Anne-Marie Slaughter Nancy Soderberg Strobe Talbott Michael Walzer Cornel West Howard Zinn (†)
    Keywords: Intellectuals ; September 11 ; USA ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPA Political science & theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Insects have successfully inhabited all freshwater habitats on Earth and are often the most diverse and abundant species in streams and ponds. With a disproportionally high species richness compared to the area covered by freshwaters, aquatic insects represent a hotspot of diversity. They play crucial roles in aquatic food webs as primary consumers, detritivores, and predators, but they also represent an important food resource for aquatic and terrestrial predators. Many aquatic insect orders, such as mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies, include taxa that are highly sensitive to habitat alterations, reflecting the health of the overall aquatic ecosystem. This feature is exploited by many scientists and practitioners around the world for water and environment quality monitoring. Despite their importance in term of diversity, ecosystem services and bioindication, many aquatic insect species are critically endangered, mainly due to anthropogenic pressures on freshwaters and climate change. Although the research efforts on aquatic insects tremendously increased during the 21st century, much is still left undiscovered. This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and increases our understanding of taxonomic diversity and phylogeny, distribution patterns, and community ecology of aquatic insects through 15 new studies that cover most of the aquatic insect orders over a wide geographic range. In a context of rapid global biodiversity loss, accelerating the acquisition of both fundamental and applied knowledge is crucial.
    Keywords: odonate ; flight period ; checklist ; Eastern Mediterranean ; citizen science ; climate ; water quality ; functional richness ; functional specialization ; functional evenness ; impact of mining and forest fire ; aquatic insects ; conservation ; life cycle ; limnology ; mayfly ; North Africa ; rivers ; streams ; developing country ; multivariate statistics ; bioindication value ; index scores ; WQI ; HQI ; EPT ; stoneflies ; USA ; species richness ; hierarchical unit codes ; flow intermittence ; environmental variables ; aquatic macrophytes ; karst ; dragonflies ; damselflies ; anthropogenic impact ; distribution ; local extinction ; museum study ; Plecoptera ; population decline ; island biogeography ; new species ; taxonomy ; biodiversity ; colonization ; endemism ; species radiation ; diving beetles ; freshwater ; chironomid larvae ; water pollution index (WPI) ; alpha and beta diversity ; anthropogenic pressure ; taxonomic diversity ; substrate preference ; Danube ; floodplain ; gomphid nymphs ; Orientogomphus ; Thailand ; Heteroptera ; aquatic ; species compositions ; marine insects ; Hemiptera ; biogeography ; Rif ; Atlas ; Central Plateau ; Oriental Morocco ; mayflies ; phylogenomics ; phylogenetics ; systematics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    Franz Steiner Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The work of Christian missions in past centuries has persistently been viewed in a negative light, although missionaries did not always act with cultural imperialist or colonialist intent. This volume presents a more nuanced interpretation of mission work, illuminating the significance of interpersonal interactions within the mission field. The Syria Mission of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), which was active in the Ottoman Province of Syria (present-day Lebanon) between 1819 and 1870, provides the study's central focus. The study analyzes cultural exchange between the Ottoman Empire and the United States through the example of four important protagonists whose significance has been neglected in previous historical scholarship on missions: the missionaries Eli Smith and Cornelius Van Dyck, as well as the Syrian Protestants Butrus al-Bustani and John Wortabet.
    Description: Im Zentrum der Untersuchung steht die Syrienmission der protestantischen Missionsgesellschaft American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), die sich von 1819 bis 1870 in der Osmanischen Provinz Syrien, d.h. auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Libanon, etablierte. Die Analyse des kulturellen Austausches zwischen dem Osmanischen Reich und den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika setzt bei vier wichtigen Protagonisten an, die in der bisherigen missionsgeschichtlichen Forschung nicht ausführlich bzw. gar nicht Beachtung fanden: Die Missionare Eli Smith und Cornelius Van Dyck sowie die syrischen Protestanten Butrus al-Bustani und John Wortabet. Die Syrienmission des ABCFM ist ein Beispiel dafür, wie zwei verschiedene Kulturen in der sogenannten contact zone der Missionsstationen aufeinander trafen und trotz Konflikten und Meinungsverschiedenheiten zu einem fruchtbaren Dialog gelangen konnten.
    Keywords: Mission ; Middle East ; Syria ; Lebanon ; USA ; Ottoman Empire ; transcultural dialogue ; Eli Smith ; Cornelius Van Dyck ; Butrus al-Bustani ; John Wortabet ; Mission ; Naher Osten ; Syrien ; Libanon ; USA ; Osmanisches Reich ; transkultureller Dialog ; Eli Smith ; Cornelius Van Dyck ; Butrus al-Bustani ; John Wortabet ; American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions ; Anthony van Dyck ; Arabic ; Beirut ; Protestantism ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book investigates the impact of the United Nations General Assembly’s 2010 resolution that elevated rights to water and sanitation are stand-alone international human rights. A major goal of creating this new human right was to incentivize governments to prioritize and pursue policies to improve access to affordable, potable water to the more than 750 million people worldwide who lacked access, as well as to provide the more than 2.5 billion people with inadequate sanitation. The book’s chapters use a variety of methodological approaches including qualitative case studies and quantitative studies that draw on data from around the world. The chapters reveal how the global human right to water and sanitation was created, how it has been used in rights struggles around the world, and the extent to which it has improved access to water and sanitation for the world’s most marginalized people.
    Keywords: Cape Town Day Zero ; water rights ; water scarcity ; water-justice ; water-governance ; inequality ; South Africa ; right to water ; courts ; vulnerable groups ; UN resolutions ; water ; sanitation ; human rights ; human right to water and sanitation ; HRtWS ; natural language processing ; machine learning ; text analysis ; constitutional reform ; legal opportunity structure ; water legal framework ; socioeconomic rights ; Brazil ; Peru ; Colombia ; social movements ; political cost ; advocacy ; activism ; social movement ; socio-economic rights ; United States ; political opportunity ; coalition-building ; collective action ; human rights from below ; human rights to water and sanitation ; water access ; constitutionalisation ; norm diffusion ; opportunity structures ; impact and efficacy of human rights ; human right to water ; drinking water ; irrigation ; marginalised groups ; indigenous communities ; social and economic rights ; human rights critiques ; right to life ; right to environment ; global rights ; evolution of rights ; construction of rights ; Latin America ; South Asia ; Europe ; Africa ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-06-06
    Description: Global is everywhere - recent years have seen a significant proliferation of the adjective "global" across discourses. But what do social actors actually do when using this term? Written from within the political studies and International Relations disciplines, and with a particular interest in the US, this book demonstrates that the widespread use of "global" is more than a linguistic curiosity. It constitutes a distinct political phenomenon of major importance: the negotiation and reproduction of the "new world". As such, the analysis of the use of "global" provides fascinating insights into an influential and politically loaded aspect of contemporary imaginations of the world.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Global ; Uncertainty, ; Political Discourse ; Culture ; Politics ; The New World ; Political Language ; USA ; Rhetorics, ; Globalization ; International Relations ; Political Theory ; Political Science ; Adjective ; Beck ; Omnipresence ; Social reality ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFS Globalization
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The origin of this story of origins is the celebration, in June 2011, that took place in Hamburg to mark the fiftieth anniversary of the Smith College Junior Year Program at the University of Hamburg. We wanted to replicate in print what we witnessed in person: the voicing of vivid memories that were never identical but invariably familiar; the effortless manner in which people from two institutions and two countries met and mingled; the wisdom and wit with which participants reflected on the profound effect of studying and teaching thousands of miles away from home. We wanted a record of how this remarkable program came into being and of how people over the decades have responded to and remembered what is an exchange in the truest sense. The ease with which we were able to collect some 40 contributions testifies to the strong ties between Smith College and the University of Hamburg – between Northampton and Hamburg. The essays in this volume capture the regular and lively talk between our institutions and cities.
    Keywords: University ; partner higher education institution ; exchange programme ; 20th century ; Hamburg ; ermany ; Northampton ; USA ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English , German
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    Verlag Barbara Budrich
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: This ground breaking volume offers a range of alternative approaches to political science, highlighting problems too rarely confronted by “mainstream” political scientists. Ranging from Gunfighter Sagas to the changing faces of an imaginary Mars, the innovative chapters introduce whole new ways of rethinking politics, stirring up the all too conventional ways of the discipline.
    Keywords: Political Science ; radical politics ; non-mainstream political science ; Ideology ; History of ideas ; political history ; critical theory ; Poland ; Portugal ; Germany ; USA ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPA Political science & theory
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is focused on the interplay of multiple stressors in aquatic systems and its consequences for management across spatial and temporal scales. It is organized into six case studies from four continents (Europe, Oceania, Africa, and North America), each based on several different data sources (field and experimental data, historical data, literature reviews, inquiries, and expert knowledge). The case studies address the joint effects of a variety of stressors (physical and chemical barriers, hydromorphology, temperature, drought, and water quality) on a diversity of biological response indicators (fish, macroinvertebrates, and phytoplankton) and discuss the main implications for managing aquatic ecosystems more effectively.
    Keywords: agricultural land use ; antagonism ; Deleatidium ; grazer-scrapers ; large rivers ; multiple stressors ; land use ; hydromorphology ; water quality ; river-basin management ; Southeastern Europe ; global change ; nutrients ; anthropogenic pressure stressor ; interaction ; lake systems ; least-cost modeling ; longitudinal connectivity ; dissolved oxygen ; historical data ; functional distance ; migratory fish ; fish passes ; navigation weir ; fisheries management ; stressors interaction ; anthropogenic pressures ; climate change ; DPSIR ; strategic simulations ; interviews ; river systems ; Burkina Faso ; USA ; fish assemblages ; macroinvertebrate assemblages ; bird assemblages ; croplands ; rangelands ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Pigs have a strong motivation to explore and root. In conventional pig husbandry systems, this need is difficult to fulfil, unless adequate enrichment materials are provided. This book summarises how enrichment strategies for pigs have evolved over the last few decades in different countries and provides a vast array of possibilities to enhance the exploratory needs of pigs. The role of enrichment material on avoidance of tail biting outbreaks or as an element triggering positive emotions in pigs is also discussed.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; SF1-1100 ; Q1-390 ; tail biting ; meat quality ; n/a ; animal welfare ; pig behavior ; welfare ; sows ; fattening pigs ; pig ; enrichment ; pigs ; olfactory ; positive emotions ; social interactions ; straw ; EU ; enrichment materials ; tail biting outbreak ; tail docking ; barriers to implementation ; post-weaning ; pig directive ; pig assessment ; tail damage ; mutilations ; habituation ; rope ; EU policy ; Bite-Rite ; slatted system ; China ; farming ; fattening pig ; USA ; weaners ; enrichment material ; negative emotions ; aggression ; Pig ; swine ; environmental enrichment ; social status ; garlic oil ; performance ; skin lesions ; Chromogranin-A ; veterinarian ; behaviour ; lactate ; tail injury ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Matija (Matt) Arko, known to family and friends as Hojer (Hoyer), was born in Slovenia. He emigrated to the States as a teenager, bringing alongside his love for music and the accordion. Music became an important part of his life and his Hoyer instrumental trio became extremely popular amongst Slovenians as well as emigrants of other nationalities. By mixing elements of Slovenian traditional music and various popular American genres of the time, he created the foundations of the polka music, the appeal of which crossed ethnic boundaries and later on achieved general popularity. Most of Matija Arko’s tunes have been recorded on gramophone records, which give us insight into his musical activities and the history of Slovenian music in the USA. Very little is known in his homeland about Matija Arko, known in the States as Matt Hoyer, and his musical endeavours. This publication is English translation of the Slovenian edition, aims to shed light on his activities and music.
    Keywords: Arko, Matija ; emigrants ; ethnomusicology ; folk music ; folk songs ; gramophone records ; Hoyer trio ; Slovenian emigrants ; Slovenian music ; United States of America ; USA ; etnomuzikologija ; gramofonske plošče ; izseljenci ; ljudska glasba ; ljudske pesmi ; slovenska glasba ; slovenski izseljenci ; ZDA ; Združene države Amerike ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DX Southeast Europe::1DXV Slovenia ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1K The Americas::1KB North America (USA and Canada)::1KBB United States of America, USA ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVL Music: styles and genres::AVLT Traditional and folk music ; thema EDItEUR::6 Style qualifiers::6F Styles (F)::6FD Folk, Folkloric styles ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVX Music recording and reproduction
    Language: English
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    Brill
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Up in Arms provides an illustrative and timely window onto the ways in which guns shape people’s lives and social relations in Texas. With a long history of myth, lore, and imaginaries attached to gun carrying, the Lone Star State exemplifies how various groups of people at different historical moments make sense of gun culture in light of legislation, political agendas, and community building. Beyond gun rights, restrictions, or the actual functions of firearms, the book demonstrates how the gun question itself becomes loaded with symbolic firepower, making or breaking assumptions about identities, behavior, and belief systems. Contributors include: Benita Heiskanen, Albion M. Butters, Pekka M. Kolehmainen, Laura Hernández-Ehrisman, Lotta Kähkönen, Mila Seppälä, and Juha A. Vuori.
    Keywords: activism ; America ; American ; American West ; behavior ; belief system ; belief systems ; campus carry ; class ; community ; conflict ; contemporary ; cultural ; culture ; culture war ; culture wars ; debate ; education ; Europe ; fetishism ; firearms ; firearm ; firepower ; frontier mythology ; gender ; gun ; guns ; historical ; history ; identities ; identity ; imaginaries ; imaginary ; insecurity ; legislation ; Lone Star State ; lore ; memory ; movement ; movements ; myth ; North America ; Paryz ; Paryż ; performative ; political ; politics ; popular culture ; power ; race ; relations ; religion ; restriction ; rights ; security ; social power ; Texas ; USA ; urban ; youth ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFE Violence in society ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPR Regional government::JPRB Regional government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WS Sports & outdoor recreation::WSX Field sports: fishing, hunting, shooting::WSXS Small firearms, guns & other equipment
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This open access book offers the first in-depth study of the history and current debates surrounding electronic cigarettes comparing the UK, US and Australia. Since their introduction, e-cigarettes have been the subject of much public, media and regulatory attention, with discussion centring on whether these devices encourage or discourage smoking. This study delves into the history of policymaking and institutions in three countries which have taken different approaches to the regulation of e-cigarettes. In the UK, the tradition of harm reduction through nicotine has helped form a response which has endorsed e-cigarettes, though not without considerable controversy. In contrast, the US has a cessation-only anti-tobacco agenda, and Australia has effectively banned e-cigarettes. This book argues that each country frames the long-term use of nicotine differently and prioritises the health of different groups within the population of smokers or non-smokers, set against a broad backdrop of national responses to addiction. By taking this comparative approach, the authors explore the relationship between history, evidence and policy in public health more widely.
    Keywords: e-cigarettes ; Vaping ; Tobacco ; USA ; Australia ; UK ; Anti-tobacco ; Nicotine ; Harm reduction ; Public health ; Smoker ; Smoking ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBX History of medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems and services ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies
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    Univ. Stuttgart
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In this work the dune model introduced by Sauermann et al. (2001) is extended and applied to investigate the formation of different dune shapes on Mars and on Earth as function of wind directionality and sand availability. The formation of sand dunes on Mars under the present atmospheric conditions of the red planet is studied and conclusions about wind speed, migration velocity of dunes and changing wind regimes on Mars are presented. Field measurements of the shape of coastal transverse dunes are presented and the formation of coastal dune fields is explained. Finally, the formation of linear dunes by bimodal wind regimes is calculated. The simulations explain the appearance of exotic bimodal dune shapes in areas of low sand availability on Mars and on Earth.
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; 551 ; 550 ; TGG 545 ; VAN 100 ; Marsoberfläche {Astronomie} ; Abspülung {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 171 S.
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Marine snow, underwater cameras, particle flux, aggregation, suspended particulate matter, particle transport. - This study focusses on the vertical distribution and transportation pathways of marine particles off NW-Africa with aid of optical methodologies. A profiling camera system and a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was used for in-situ observations on the distribution, transport processes and sinking behaviour of marine particulate matter. Between the regional areas of investigation Cape Blanc, Dakhla and Cape Bojador significant differences could be observed with respect to distribution and transportation patterns. These differences are primarily related to the different primary production conditions between the investigation areas. Primary production is the most important factor for the abundance of particulate matter, where highest particle concentrations in the entire water column were seen off Cape Blanc. Next to primary production, water depth, currents and density gradients are factors influencing the particle distribution patterns. With respect to the prevailing transport processes, the Cape Blanc region is characterised by vertically orientated transport patterns. In addition to the continuous supply of large, relatively fast sinking particle aggregates a sinking event could be documented for the first time in-situ in the water column. These events deliver huge amounts of particulate matter from the ocean surface ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Madagascar; Jurassic; Karoo; Gondwana; Breakup; Rift; Microfauna; Macrofauna; Ammonites; Indian Ocean. - The breakup of Gondwana along the former East African Orogen is widely interpreted to have lasted from the Late Palaeozoic to the Callovian. The present study indicates that the Permian-Triassic or Karoo phase of rifting was not responsible for the separation of East- and West-Gondwana, since that rift system failed in the Late Triassic. Instead the breakup of Gondwana occurred in the Late Liassic. The pre-rift phase in the Morondava Basin is represented by the Karoo deposits, and the syn-rift phase is recorded by Toarcian marine shales, locally overlain by Aalenian sandstones. A major Early Bajocian unconformity is interpreted as the breakup unconformity. The initial post-rift or drift phase is represented by the Bajocian-Bathonian carbonates, marls and sandstones of coastal plain environment and a coastal barrier/lagoon complex. During the Bathonian the siliciclastic shoreface system moved basinward. Callovian-Early Kimmeridgian shales with interbedded iron-oolites represent ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 500 ; VDB 100 ; VEQ 300 ; Geotektonische Entwicklung der Erdkruste {Geologie} ; Gondwana ; Madagaskar {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; VBQ 900 ; VBQ 800 ; VEO 170 ; Hydrogeologie einzelner Regionen ; Aquifere {Hydrogeologie} ; Sudan {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 133 S.
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In the unglaciated areas of Antarctica, lake sediments act as archives of the regional environmental and climatic history. In most cases, the records are restricted to the Holocene. Amongst the few exceptions are lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, southern Victoria Land, which are known to have remained mostly ice-free during the Last Glacial Maximum. Within the scope of an U.S.-American-German expedition in austral summer 2002/2003, several sediment cores were recovered from the three major lakes in the Taylor Valley: lakes Fryxell, Hoare, and Bonney. In order to reconstruct the late Quaternary regional environmental and climate history, sedimentological, biogeochemical, mineralogical, and chronological investigations were conducted on the sediment sequences recovered from Lake Hoare (core Lz1020) and East Lake Bonney (core Lz1023) within the scope of this thesis. Sediment cores from Lake Hoare with a maximum length of 2.3 m mainly consist of coarse-grained material and penetrate back into the late Weichselian, when Taylor Valley was occupied by the large proglacial Lake Washburn. This lake was dammed by the advanced Ross Sea ice sheet at the valley outlet and was mainly fed by meltwater of the ice sheet. During the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, enhanced evaporation led to a significant lake level drop of Lake Washburn ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; 550 ; TWC 500 ; VDI 200 ; VAU 000 ; VEY 200 ; VBN 500 ; VBL 500 ; Klimaschwankungen und Klimaänderungen im Quartär ; Quartär ; Paläolimnologie {Geologie} ; Antarktis {Geologie} ; Geochronologie einzelner Regionen im allgemeinen ; Geologische Bohrungen in einzelnen Regionen
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 121 S.
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Eleven lakes and ponds and three lacustrine sediment sequences from coastal East and North-East Greenland were studied for recent hydrological and phytoplankton characteristics and for palaeolimnology, respectively. The limnological survey of lakes and ponds from Store Koldewey in summer 2003 revealed cold, monomictic, thermally unstratified, alkaline and likely oligotrophic water bodies. The diatom phytoplankton, present in six lakes and dominated by four species, varied distinctly between the lakes. The results give information about the recent status of the ecology of these High Arctic freshwater bodies. The sediment sequences were investigated for their chronology, changes in physical and biogeochemical properties, macro- and microfossils, grain-size distribution and in the case of one sequence for its elemental profiles using XRF. The palaeolimnological studies address different time intervals at various temporal resolutions with particular attention to the latitudinal differences of late Quaternary climatic and environmental changes along the coast of East and North-East Greenland. The results include information about the Late Weichselian ice-front environments on southern Store Koldewey with information about the temporal and spatial evolution of the Greenland Ice Sheet margin west of the island ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; 550 ; TWC 500 ; VDI 200 ; VAU 000 ; VEY 110 ; VBN 500 ; VBL 500 ; Klimaschwankungen und Klimaänderungen im Quartär ; Quartär ; Paläolimnologie {Geologie} ; Grönland {Geologie} ; Geochronologie einzelner Regionen im allgemeinen ; Geologische Bohrungen in einzelnen Regionen
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 148 S.
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The polar ice sheets are unique paleoclimatic archives and play an important role in recent and future climate. The melting of the big freshwater reservoirs will not only increase the global sea level, but will also influence the ocean currents. Therefore, it will be of particular interest to improve the currently available numeric climate models to achieve more accurate statements about climatic change and its consequences. In this work, the evaluation and the different applications of GPS and altimetry data will be described in respect to enhance models. The antarctic area of investigation, Dronning Maud Land (DML), is of particular interest for German polar research, because both the overwintering station Neumayer and the summer station Kohnen are located within it. In the surroundings of these two stations, highly accurate kinematic GPS measurement were made, which will be the basis for the digital elevation model presented here. Because these data are spatially limited, they are supplemened with remotely sensed data. For this purpose, two airborne altimetry data sets and spaceborne laser altimetry data of the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) are used...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.312 ; 551 ; 550 ; TWC 600 ; VAR 980 ; TQI 000 ; TSY 200 ; Geophysikalische Satellitenfernerkundung ; Antarktis {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 140 S.
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Verknüpfung von manuellen und automatischen Inversionmethoden für die Interpretation gravimetrischer Anomalien. Eine neue Software mit dem Namen 3GRAINS wird vorgestellt. Sie wurde für das manuelle Modellieren entwickelt und benutzt rechteckförmige Prismen zur Berechnung des gravimetrischen Effekts eines Modells. Die Software bietet eine graphische Benutzeroberfläche, um eine komfortable Arbeit mit einer modellierten Struktur zu ermöglichen. Ein automatischer Inversionsalgorithmus basiert auf der Idee der evolutionären Berechnung. Die dargestellten Methoden werden auf die Interpretation der gravimetrischen Anomalien der Hellenischen Subduktionszone angewendet. Die tektonische Situation dieser Region und seismische Beobachtungen werden vorgestellt. Der Prozess der Datengewinnung und der Datenbearbeitung wird beschrieben. Schließlich werden die Ergebnisse der Interpretation der gravimetrischen Anomalien präsentiert.
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; 622.15 ; 550 ; TOF 000 ; TQA 000 ; TSF 300 ; VAE 880 ; VEF 300 ; Schwerkraft {Geophysik} ; Gravimetrische Verfahren {Geophysik} ; Griechenland und griechische Inseln {Geophysik} ; Passive und aktive Kontinentalränder {Geologie} ; Griechenland und griechische Inseln {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 139 S.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Central Asia is characterized by a number of spectacular tectonic units such as the Tibetan Plateau, the Tien Shan intra-continental mountain belt and the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault. Deformation of the lithosphere of these units is not well understood. In this dissertation, an attempt is made to answer the following tectonic questions: To what extent do the tectonic units formed in the upper crust in the course of the convergence between India and Eurasia weaken the underlying lithosphere? How is the Tibetan Plateau gravita-tionally compensated along its northern boundary? Do the Altyn Tagh and/or West Kunlun faults persist as vertical strike-slips throughout the crust and mantle lithosphere, thus representing a fundamental plate boundary? Which dynamic processes in the crust and mantle of the Tien Shan are responsible for intra-continental mountain building? What characterizes the local stress field in the Tien Shan and what causes the deformation of these mountains? To answer these questions, the elastic plate theory is used to interpret gravity and topography data, and in turn to derive specific characteristics of the lithospheric structure in Central Asia. Theoretical deflection of the elastic plate or plates were calculated using the 3D and 2D finite-difference methods. Variable-rigidity elastic plates are subjected to vertical and horizontal loads, shear forces, and terminal bending moments. Surface topo-graphic data from the Topo30 dataset is used as vertical surface loading to calculate the flexure of the elastic lithosphere...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.8 ; 622.15 ; 551 ; 550 ; VAE 400 ; VEK 000 ; TQA 000 ; TSK 000 ; VAE 400 ; VEK 000 ; TQA 000 ; TSK 000 ; Tektogenese {Geologie} ; Zentralasien {Geologie} ; Gravimetrische Verfahren {Geophysik} ; Zentralasien {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 136 Bl.
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; UNC 300 ; Höhe {Praktische Geodäsie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 163 S.
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 890 ; VAE 130 ; VBE 000 ; TOE 000 ; TSX 500 ; VEX 500 ; Ozeanische Kruste {Tektonik} ; Geomechanik ; Modellierung von Prozessen in der Geosphäre ; Physikalisches Verhalten der Erde {Geophysik} ; Chile {Geophysik} ; Chile {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 118 S.
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  • 45
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; TSX 500 ; VEX 100 ; VEX 500 ; VAE 500 ; TOH 800 ; Chile {Geophysik} ; Anden {Geologie} ; Chile {Geologie} ; Geotektonische Entwicklung der Erdkruste {Geologie} ; Paläoerdbeben {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 108 S.
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  • 46
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Ein transversales Störungssystem im Nahen Osten, die Dead Sea Transform (DST), trennt die Arabische Platte von der Sinai-Mikroplatte und erstreckt sich von Süden nach Norden vom Extensionsgebiet im Roten Meer über das Tote Meer bis zur Taurus-Zagros Kollisionszone. Die sinistrale DST bildete sich im Miozän vor etwa 17 Ma und steht mit dem Aufbrechen des Afro-Arabischen Kontinents in Verbindung. Das Untersuchungsgebiet liegt im Arava Tal zwischen Totem und Rotem Meer, mittig über der Arava Störung (Arava Fault, AF), die hier den Hauptast der DST bildet. Eine Reihe seismischer Experimente, aufgebaut aus künstlichen Quellen, linearen Profilen über die Störung und entsprechend entworfenen Empfänger-Arrays, zeigt die Untergrundstruktur in der Umgebung der AF und der Verwerfungszone selbst bis in eine Tiefe von 3-4 km. Ein tomographisch bestimmtes Modell der seismischen Geschwindigkeiten von P-Wellen zeigt einen starken Kontrast nahe der AF mit niedrigeren Geschwindigkeiten auf der westlichen Seite als im Osten. Scherwellen lokaler Erdbeben liefern ein mittleres P-zu-S Geschwindigkeitsverhältnis und es gibt Anzeichen für Änderungen über die Störung hinweg ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 850 ; TQC 220 ; TSI 000 ; VEI 400 ; Festländische Lineamente {Geologie} ; Reflexionsseismik {Geophysik} ; Vorderasien {Geophysik} ; Israel, Palästina {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 142 S.
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  • 47
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TQH 000 ; TQA 000 ; TOF 000 ; Aerogeophysik ; Gravimetrische Verfahren {Geophysik} ; Schwerkraft {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 48 S.
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 106 S.
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TOB 300 ; TOD 500 ; TOF 000 ; TOT 400 ; Polbewegungen {Geophysik: Erde} ; Erdkern {Geophysik} ; Schwerkraft {Geophysik} ; Magnetfeld der Erde im allgemeinen {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 15 S.
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 518.64 ; 551 ; TOD 400 ; TOE 000 ; TM 300 ; Erdmantel {Geophysik} ; Physikalisches Verhalten der Erde {Geophysik} ; Methodik. Arbeitsmittel. Abkürzungsverzeichnisse {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 186 S.
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  • 51
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum, Potsdam
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TOF 000 ; TOB 100 ; Schwerkraft {Geophysik} ; Drehbewegungen {Geophysik: Erde}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 35S.
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  • 52
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: lecture
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: anthology , publishedVersion
    Format: 675 S.
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  • 53
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TOB 100 ; Drehbewegungen {Geophysik: Erde}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 8 S.
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  • 54
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TOB 300 ; Polbewegungen {Geophysik: Erde}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 9 S.
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  • 55
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 39 S.
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 28 S.
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  • 57
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    GFZ, Potsdam | [Bibliothek des Wiss.-Parks Albert Einstein] [Vertrieb], [Potsdam]
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 140 ; VAE 820 ; VAE 160 ; VEB 110 ; TSB 000 ; VBM 000 ; Gesteinsdeformation {Strukturgeologie} ; Sedimentationsbecken als Erdkrustentypen {Geologie} ; Salztektonik {Strukturgeologie} ; Norddeutsche Senke {Geologie} ; Mitteleuropa {Geophysik} ; Geologische Interpretation geophysikalischer Beobachtungen
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 105 S.
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; TVA 000 ; TVM 800 ; TUB 000 ; Ionosphäre {Meteorologie} ; Struktur der Atmosphäre {Meteorologie} ; Atmosphärische Schwerewellen {Meteorologie} ; Beobachtungsergebnisse {Meteorologie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 96 S.
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  • 59
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum | [Bibliothek des Wiss.-Parks Albert Einstein] [Vertrieb], [Potsdam]
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The glacial-isostatic adjustment in Iceland resulting from the recent melting of the Vatnajökull ice cap is controlled by the viscosity distribution in the earth's interior and by the details of the melting history. Interpretations of the results of GPS and gravity measuring campaigns in the time interval 1991-2000 and 1992-1999, respectively, by means of laterally homogeneous earth models for the determination of the lithosphere thickness, the asthenosphere thickness and the asthenosphere viscosity have so far been not fully satisfactory. In particular near the ice margin, the fitting of the computed land uplift and gravity change to the observational data was inadequate, which may be related to the neglegt of the Iceland plume in the laterally homogeneous earth models. In the present study, a program package is used for the modelling of the land uplift and gravity change that allows the computation of load-induced perturbations of a Maxwell-viscoelastic, incompressible, self-gravitating, spherical earth model. To simulate the presence of the plume below the Vatnajökull, an axisymmetric viscosity distribution is used, where the plume radius and the plume viscosity are free parameters. Based on seismic results, a 6-km-thick lithosphere is assumed above the plume, which thickens to 35 km in the peripheral region of the plume. The melting history of the Vatnajökull is founded on interpretations of geomorphological and climatological investigations and is simulated by a load co-axial with the plume with parabolic profile and time-dependent radius. The results of the modelling favour a plume radius of ~80 km and a plume viscosity of (0.3-1.0) x 10^{18} Pa s.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 20 S.
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  • 60
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum | [Bibliothek des Wiss.-Parks Albert Einstein] [Vertrieb], [Potsdam]
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 300 ; TQI 000 ; UNH 100 ; Epirogenese {{Geologie}} ; Geophysikalische Satellitenfernerkundung ; GPS {Praktische Geodäsie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 28 S.
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  • 61
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum | [Bibliothek des Wiss.-Parks Albert Einstein] [Vertrieb], [Potsdam]
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 228 S.
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  • 62
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    GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum | [Bibliothek des Wissenschaftsparks Albert Einstein] [Vertrieb], [Potsdam]
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; TOH 530 ; VAE 200 ; VAE 130 ; Häufigkeit und Verbreitung von Erdbeben {Geophysik} ; Geodynamik der Lithosphäre {Geologie} ; Geomechanik
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The route of the field trip described in this excursion guide follows a section through Germany from North to South, from the area of the Northern glaciation, to the Alpine glacial advances. It includes several places of historical importance, where milestones in Quaternary research have been achieved in the past, as well as new interesting sites where results of recent research is presented.
    Description: excursionguide
    Keywords: 551 ; V 000 ; VCA 520 ; Geologische Wissenschaften ; Quartärgeologie ; coastal evolution; Rügen ; Geopark Mecklenburg Ice Age Landscape ; tourism ; quaternary ; Halle ; Main ; sedimentology ; landslide ; natural hazards ; danube ; rhine ; pleistocene ; holocene ; geology
    Language: English
    Type: anthology , publishedVersion
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  • 64
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    Geozon Science Media
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die Umgebung von Bayreuth sticht durch ungewöhnliche Vielfalt geologischer und tektonischer Besonderheiten hervor. Gesteine vom Altpaläozoikum bis zum Quartär treten auf. Das „Fränkische Lineament“ nebst der ihm vorgelagerten „Bruchschollenzone“ in mesozoischen Sedimentgesteinen, der Eklogit vom Weißenstein (einziger europäischer Eklogit nördlich der Alpen) und quartäre Vulkanite, mit denen sich schon Johann Wolfgang von Goethe beschäftigt hat, sind einzigartige Zeugnisse vielseitiger endogener Prozesse in der Umgebung von Bayreuth. Der vorliegende Band „DEUQUA EXCURSIONS“ wurde für die 36. Tagung der DEUQUA in Bayreuth vom 16. bis 20. September 2012 erstellt und umfasst sechs Exkursionen in der Region.
    Description: excursionguide
    Keywords: 551 ; VEB 212 ; VEB 148 ; Bayern {Geologie} ; Oberfränkisch-oberpfälzisches Schollenland {Geologie} ; field trip ; Exkursion ; Bayreuth ; landscape development ; quaternary ; paleozoic ; Archäologie ; Archaeology ; Landschaftsentwicklung
    Language: English
    Type: anthology , publishedVersion , anthology
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    GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel und Institut für Geowissenschaften der Universität Kiel
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The 14th Symposium on Tectonics, Structural Geology and Geology of Crystalline Rocks (TSK14) is the first TSK meeting to be held on the coast. Northern Germany is void of metamorphic and structural geology outcrops and study of their processes requires going underground into salt mines or driving as far as the Harz Mountains. This is precisely what we will do for the field trip. Nevertheless, marine research is much closer to the TSK topics than might be expected. The plate tectonics revolution in the end of the 60s of last century would not have been possible without research on the oceans. Many structural concepts for deformed rock associations found on the continents have their modern counterparts below the oceans. Today, marine research cruises contribute significantly to tectonic research using a multitude of geophysical methods, sampling of the ocean floor, and deep sea drilling. The collaborative research center (SFB) 574 "Volatiles and Fluids in Subduction Zones", a joint research venture between Christian- Albrechts-University Kiel and the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, combines marine and onshore research on subduction zone processes in Central and South America. Among other topics the DFG-funded Excellence Cluster “The Future Ocean” is concerned with marine geohazards and georesources and, thus, tectonic studies. Related results in marine geophysics, tectonics, metamorphic and magmatic petrology will be presented during TSK14, as well as several results from other marine and onshore research projects. We also invite you to gather some deeper insights into our work and our research facilities. The program of the symposium covers a wide range of current research in tectonics, geodynamics, structural geology and metamorphic petrology. We were overwhelmed by the large variety and the high quality of the submitted contributions. As the contributions did not go through a peer-review, the authors remain responsible for the content of their abstracts. There will be talks and posters on all of the six initially announced topics 1) Subduction zones and collisional orogens, 2) Rifting, spreading and transform faults, 3) Metamorphism, deformation and geochronology, 4) Fabrics, rheology and deformation mechanisms, 5) Brittle deformation, neotectonics and earthquake processes, 6) Pluton emplacement, volcano-tectonics und impact geology, with many contributions covering two and more of them.
    Description: Das 14. Symposium 'Tektonik-Strukturgeologie-Kristallingeologie' (TSK 14) ist das erste TSKTreffen, das an der Küste stattfindet. Norddeutschland ist frei an metamorphen und strukturgeologischen Aufschlüssen, und diese Forschung erfordert Untertagearbeit in Salzbergwerken oder Fahrten zumindest bis zum Harz. Genau dies ist für die Exkursion vorgesehen. Ungeachtet dessen liegt die Meeresforschung näher an den TSK-Themen, als es vielleicht erwartet wird. Die plattentektonische Revolution am Ende der 60er Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts wäre ohne Meeresforschung nicht möglich gewesen. Viele strukturelle Konzepte deformierter Gesteinsvergesellschaftungen auf den Kontinenten finden ihre modernen Gegenstücke unter den Ozeanen. Heute tragen marine Forschungsfahrten durch die Anwendung geophysikalischer Methoden, Probennahmen vom Meeresboden oder Tiefseebohrprojekte bedeutend zur tektonischen Forschung bei. Der Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 574 "Volatile und Fluide in Subduktionszonen", ein Forschungsprogramm der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel und des GEOMAR Helmholtz Zentrums für Ozeanforschung Kiel, verbindet Forschung im Meer und an Land zur Untersuchung von Subduktionszonen- Prozessen in Zentral- und Mittelamerika. Der von der DFG geförderte Exzellenzcluster "Ozean der Zukunft" befasst sich neben anderen Themen mit marinen Geogefahren und Georessourcen und somit mit tektonischen Studien. Damit verbundene Ergebnisse der marinen Geophysik, Tektonik, metamorphen und magmatischen Petrologie als auch Ergebnisse weiterer Meeres- und Küstenforschungsprojekte werden auf der TSK14 vorgestellt. Wir laden Sie auch ein, einen tieferen Einblick in unsere Forschungstätigkeit und Forschungseinrichtungen zu gewinnen. Das Programm des Symposiums umfasst eine weite Bandbreite aktueller Forschung in Tektonik, Geodynamik, Strukturgeologie und metamorpher Petrologie. Wir waren überwältigt von der großen Vielfalt und der hohen Qualität der eingereichten Beiträge. Da die Beiträge nicht begutachtet wurden, sind die Autoren allein für die Inhalte ihrer Kurzfassungen verantwortlich. Es wird Vorträge und Poster zu allen ursprünglich angekündigten Themenbereichen geben: 1) Subduktionszonen und Kollisionsorogene, 2) Rifting, Spreading und Transformstörungen, 3) Metamorphose, Deformation und Geochronologie, 4) Gefüge, Rheologie und Deformationsmechanismen, 5) Bruchhafte Deformation, Neotektonik und Erdbebenprozesse, 6) Platznahme von Plutonen, Vulkanotektonik und Impaktgeologie, wobei viele Beiträge zwei und mehr von diesen abdecken.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 000 ; VAC 100 ; VAEA 000 ; VAE 100 ; VAE 200 ; Tektonik ; Strukturgeologie ; Tektonik {Geologie} ; Magmatismus im allgemeinen {Geologie} ; Metamorphose {Geologie} ; Strukturgeologie ; Geodynamik ; Kristallin
    Language: English
    Type: anthology , publishedVersion
    Format: 118 S.
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    Dteutsche Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, Hannover
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The Nördlinger Ries is a circular, flat depression of 22-24 km diameter separating the Jurassic limestone plateaus of the Franconian and Swabian Alb in Southwest-Germany. Its centre is located 110 km NW of Munich, 70 km SSW of Nuremberg and 110 km E of Stuttgart. The Ries basin was formed approximately 15 Million years ago (Gentner & Wagner, 1969; Staudacher et al., 1982) by an impact of a stony meteorite less than 1 km in size (Shoemaker & Chao, 1961; Stöffler, 1977). The Ries crater represents one of the best preserved and best investigated impact structures on Earth (Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt 1969, 1974, 1977; Hüttner & Schmidt-Kaler 1999; Stöffler & Ostertag 1983). It gained wide public attention (e.g., Metz 1974, Steinert 1974, Lemcke 1981, Kavasch 1985, Pösges & Schieber 1994; Schieber 2004) and served as training site for Apollo 17 astronauts in August 1970 (e.g., Margolin 2000). However, apart from its impact nature, the Ries basin offers a great opportunity to study fossil lacustrine microbialites. Such lacustrine deposits within impact structures are of increasing interest for understanding the origin and evolution of early life on Earth, and possibly other planets (Cockell & Lee 2002, Osinski et al. 2005, Cabrol et al. 2001). Therefore, the focus on this field trip is on microbial and algal build-ups, their facies context, and the discussion of microbial effects and lake water chemistry.
    Description: excursionguide
    Keywords: 551 ; VKB 380 ; VEB 147 ; VDI 121 ; VKB 376 ; VAE 150 ; Sedimente bestimmter Regionen ; Schwäbische Alb und Fränkische Alb {Geologie} ; Miozän ; Organogene Sedimentgesteine ; Strukturelle Erscheinungen {Strukturgeologie} ; Ries ; Geologie ; Geologie ; Seesediment ; Biogenes Sediment ; 38.44 ; 38.28
    Language: English
    Type: article
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  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Geologisches Institut der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: research
    Keywords: 551 ; VU 000 ; Geobiologie
    Language: English
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In Schleswig-Holstein wurden in den zurückliegenden vier Jahrzehnten detaillierte Untersuchungen an Probenmaterial aus Aufschlüssen und Kernbohrungen durchgeführt. Analysen der Kiesfraktion und von ‚Leitgeschieben‘ aus glazialen Ablagerungen wurden für die Interpretation und Korrelation genutzt. Glazifluviatile Sedimente wurden TL- und OSL-datiert. Zusammen mit der stratigraphischen Information aus organischen Ablagerungen konnte eine neue klimatostratigraphische Tabelle des Pleistozäns für Schleswig-Holstein mit revidierter Gliederung des Mittel- und Oberpleistozäns erstellt werden. Die Pollensequenz der ältesten pleistozänen Warmzeit (Warmhörn-Thermomer) wird erstmals veröffentlicht. Das Unterpleistozän (Altpleistozän) und das untere Mittelpleistozän sind bei Lieth und bei Gorleben (Niedersachsen) in zwei kontinuierlichen Schichtfolgen vollständig dokumentiert, abgelagert in einem Wechsel von warmen und kalten Klimaphasen. Der oberste Abschnitt der Abfolge von Lieth und der unterste der Abfolge von Gorleben überlappen. Die kombinierte Abfolge bietet ein einzigartiges Referenzprofil für Korrelationen innerhalb Europas. Bisher wurden in Schleswig-Holstein nur drei Kaltzeiten mit Vergletscherungen nachgewiesen, Elster- und Saale-Kaltzeit im oberen Mittelpleistozän und die Weichsel-Kaltzeit im Oberpleistozän. Eine mögliche prä-elsterzeitliche Vergletscherung wird diskutiert. Die Holstein-Warmzeit wird mit MIS 9e korreliert. Das Saale umfasst einen unteren Abschnitt mit nicht-glaziären Kaltzeiten und mit Warmzeiten, der ‚Wacken-Warmzeit‘ (=Dömnitz) und der ‚Leck-Warmzeit‘, korreliert mit MIS 7e und MIS 7c, und einen glaziären oberen Abschnitt. Während des Weichsel gab es wahrscheinlich zwei Phasen mit Vergletscherung, die erste im frühen Mittelweichsel (‚Ellund-Phase‘, spätes MIS 4 oder/und frühes MIS 3), die zweite im oberen Weichsel (MIS 2). Die weichselzeitliche Vergletscherung Schleswig-Holsteins endet um 15 ka BP, als großflächige stagnierende Eisflächen und Toteismassen des Jungbaltischen Gletschervorstoßes (‘Mecklenburg-Phase’) schmolzen.
    Description: research
    Keywords: 551 ; pleistocene ; schleswig-holstein ; pléistocène ; correlations ; climato-stratigraphic table
    Language: English
    Type: article , Verlagsversion
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The paleosols of the Last Interglacial are presented in many loess sequences of the European temperate zone by soils with Argic horizon, that are considered to be the pedological response to the bioclimatic conditions of that period. We studied micromorphological, physical/chemical (bulk chemical composition, texture and dithionite-extractable iron) and mineralogical characteristics of two profiles – an Eemian Luvisol in Upper Austria (Oberlaab) and a Mikulino Albeluvisol in Central Russia (Alexandrov Quarry near Kursk) to compare them with recent analogous soils and to make further paleoecological and chronological inferences. Both profiles showed a set of characteristics indicative for weathering of primary minerals, clay transformation illuviation and surface redoximorphic (stagnic) processes. Paleosols demonstrate more advanced development than the Holocene analogues manifested however in different pedogenetic characteristics. The Eemian Luvisol in Upper Austria is characterized by stronger clay illuviation manifested in higher clay content and abundance of illuvial clay pedofeatures in the Bt horizon. Mikulino Albeluvisol in Central Russia is more strongly affected by eluvial and stagnic processes evidenced by deeper and more intensive accumulation of bleached silty material and clay depletion. We suppose that the properties of parent material are responsible for these differences. Russian Albeluvisol is formed on the Dnepr loess poor in weatherable minerals and having limited capacity for buffering acidity and clay formation. The higher development status of the Last Interglacial paleosols compared to the Holocene soils having however same type pedogenesis implies longer soil formation period, that agree with some of the paleobotanical proxies and could include besides MIS 5e part of MIS 5d; the warmer and moister paleoclimate during MIS 5e could also account for more advanced paleosol development Several phases of clay illuviation interrupted by frost structuring and deformation are detected in the Eemian Bt horizon in Upper Austria. It suppose even longer development that could extend to the Early Würmian interstadials (late substages of MIS5).
    Description: research
    Keywords: 551 ; paleosol ; paleoclimate ; last interglacial ; Argic horizon
    Language: English
    Type: article , Verlagsversion
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: gas hydrate-bearing sediments; in situ synchrotron-tomography data ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: A series of various readily water-soluble carbamates were synthesized with good yields. These compounds are useful chemical tracers for assessing the cooling progress in a georeservoir during geothermal power plant operation. Acylation of primary amines was carried out as well as using a solution of sodium bicarbonate and without the presence of salt. Products were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Purity was confirmed through elemental analysis.
    Description: Open Access Publikationsfonds 2015
    Keywords: chloroformates; primary amines; carbamates; thermo-sensitive tracers; urethanes ; 551
    Language: English , English
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The combination of scanning electron microscope–cathodoluminescence (CL), fluid inclusion analysis and high-resolution electron probe microanalysis of Al, Ti, K and Fe in vein quartz has yielded results permitting a greater understanding of the complex mineralisation of the Central Oyu Tolgoi and Zesen Uul porphyry-style deposits, southern Mongolia. These data demonstrate the relationship between quartz precipitation, dissolution and ore deposition as the mineralising fluid chemistry changed through time. Four major quartz generations are identified in the A-type veins from the stockworks of both the Central Oyu Tolgoi (OTi to OTiv) and Zesen Uul deposits (ZUi to ZUiv). Despite differences in the associated alteration and mineralisation style, the observed CL textures and trace element signatures of the quartz generations are comparable between deposits. The OTi and ZUi stage formed both the primary network of A-type veins and pervasive silicification of the host rock. Using the Ti-in-quartz geothermometer, crystallisation temperatures for OTi and ZUi of between 598°C and 880°C are indicated. The main stage of sulphide mineralisation was accompanied by the dissolution of pre-existing quartz (OTi and ZUi) and precipitation of a weakly luminescent generation of quartz (OTii and ZUii) with a low Ti content, reflected in a calculated temperature drop from approximately 700°C to 340°C in Central Oyu Tolgoi and 445°C in Zesen Uul. OTii and ZUii stage quartzes show high and variable Al concentrations. The next stage of quartz in both deposits (OTiii and ZUiii) forms a fine network of veins in cracks formed in pre-existing quartz. OTiii and ZUiii quartz contain measurable fluid inclusions of moderate salinity (3–17.1 wt.% NaCl eq.), entrapped in the temperature range 256°C to 385°C. OTiii and ZUiii are not related to any sulphide mineralisation. The final OTiv and ZUiv stages are characterised by quartz–calcite micro-breccias that penetrate the A-type veins. Based on the calculated entrapment temperatures, the OTiv/ZUiv stage crystallised between 212°C and 335°C, and the quartz is characterised by elevated but variable Al and Fe contents. The CL and trace element signatures of the OTi to OTiii and ZUi to ZUiii stages of the two Mongolian porphyries show similar features to those observed in porphyry-style deposits from other regions. This suggests that a common sequence of quartz crystallisation occurs during the formation of early veins in many porphyry copper systems.
    Keywords: Copper porphyry; Quartz; Cathodoluminescence; Fluid inclusion; Trace elements; Mongolia ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Chemical reduction has long dominated the thinking about the mechanism of aqueous contaminant removal in the presence of metallic iron (e.g. Fe0/H2O systems). However, a large body of experimental evidence indicates that chemical reduction is not adequate to explain satisfactorily the efficiency of Fe0/H2O systems for several substances or classes of substances. By contrast, the alternative approach, that contaminants are fundamentally adsorbed and co-precipitated by iron corrosion products seems to provide a better explanation of observed efficiency. The new approach is obviously not really understood. The present communication aims at clarifying this key issue. It seems that a paradigm shift is necessary for the further development of the iron technology.
    Keywords: Contaminant removal; Paradigm shift; Removal mechanism; Water treatment; Zerovalent iron ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , submittedVersion
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: Adsorption; Contaminant removal; Mechanisms; Reduction; Zerovalent metals ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: Interdisciplinary approach; Peer-review system; Permeable reactive barrier; Water treatment; Zero-valent iron ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: A detailed electrochemical, photophysical and theoretical study is presented for various new thienyl and furyl derivatives of pyrene. Their optical properties are described based on UV-VIS absorption and both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. DFT and TDDFT calculations are also presented to support experimental data. The calculations results show that HOMO-LUMO orbitals are delocalized uniformly between aromatic core and aryl substituents. Good electrochemical stability of thienyl and furyl hybrids of pyrene confirm their potential application for light emitting electrochemical cells or spintronics mainly due to their beneficial optical and charge transport properties in electrochromic devices. In order to demonstrate this potential, an OLED device is presented. Synthesized compounds included in this OLED device both facilitate electron transport and act as a light emitting layer.
    Keywords: thienyl; furyl derivatives; pyrene ; 551
    Language: English , English
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Description: An external skeleton is an essential part of the body plan of many animals and is thought to be one of the key factors that enabled the great expansion in animal diversity and disparity during the Cambrian explosion. Molluscs are considered ideal to study the evolution of biomineralization because of their diversity of highly complex, robust and patterned shells. The molluscan shell forms externally at the interface of animal and environment, and involves controlled deposition of calcium carbonate within a framework of macromolecules that are secreted from the dorsal mantle epithelium. Despite its deep conservation within Mollusca, the mantle is capable of producing an incredible diversity of shell patterns, and macro- and micro-architectures. Here we review recent developments within the field of molluscan biomineralization, focusing on the genes expressed in the mantle that encode secreted proteins. The so-called mantle secretome appears to regulate shell deposition and patterning and in some cases becomes part of the shell matrix. Recent transcriptomic and proteomic studies have revealed marked differences in the mantle secretomes of even closely-related molluscs; these typically exceed expected differences based on characteristics of the external shell. All mantle secretomes surveyed to date include novel genes encoding lineage-restricted proteins and unique combinations of co-opted ancient genes. A surprisingly large proportion of both ancient and novel secreted proteins containing simple repetitive motifs or domains that are often modular in construction. These repetitive low complexity domains (RLCDs) appear to further promote the evolvability of the mantle secretome, resulting in domain shuffling, expansion and loss. RLCD families further evolve via slippage and other mechanisms associated with repetitive sequences. As analogous types of secreted proteins are expressed in biomineralizing tissues in other animals, insights into the evolution of the genes underlying molluscan shell formation may be applied more broadly to understanding the evolution of metazoan biomineralization.
    Keywords: Biomineralization; Mollusc; Mantle; Shell; Shell matrix proteins; Co-option; Lineage-specific novelties; Repetitive low complexity domain ; 551
    Language: English , English
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This study aims to evaluate quantitatively the land surface temperature (LST) derived from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) MOD11A1 and MYD11A1 Collection 5 products for daily land air surface temperature (Ta) estimation over a mountainous region in northern Vietnam. The main objective is to estimate maximum and minimum Ta (Ta-max and Ta-min) using both TERRA and AQUA MODIS LST products (daytime and nighttime) and auxiliary data, solving the discontinuity problem of ground measurements. There exist no studies about Vietnam that have integrated both TERRA and AQUA LST of daytime and nighttime for Ta estimation (using four MODIS LST datasets). In addition, to find out which variables are the most effective to describe the differences between LST and Ta, we have tested several popular methods, such as: the Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise, Bayesian information criterion (BIC), adjusted R-squared and the principal component analysis (PCA) of 14 variables (including: LST products (four variables), NDVI, elevation, latitude, longitude, day length in hours, Julian day and four variables of the view zenith angle), and then, we applied nine models for Ta-max estimation and nine models for Ta-min estimation. The results showed that the differences between MODIS LST and ground truth temperature derived from 15 climate stations are time and regional topography dependent. The best results for Ta-max and Ta-min estimation were achieved when we combined both LST daytime and nighttime of TERRA and AQUA and data from the topography analysis.
    Description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2016
    Keywords: land surface temperature (LST); MODIS LST products; northern Vietnam ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Groundwater from the La Paz arid coastal aquifer in Baja California, Mexico, is essentially the only source of drinking water for the local population and tourists, as well as irrigation water for agricultural needs. The intensive exploitation of the aquifer and water cycling has resulted in groundwater abatement (up to 10 m) and high salinity (up to *5800 mg l-1). A study using hydrochemistry, isotopic (deuterium, oxygen-18 and carbon- 14) and gaseous tracers (chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113), as well as multivariate statistics, was developed to elucidate groundwater composition, flow and occurrence. Groundwater is of meteoric origin, and a large proportion is subject to evaporation. The primary natural recharge is generated in the El Novillo and Las Cruces ranges, and groundwater subsequently flows in a SE–NW direction toward the coast. The initial water type is the result of discordant dissolution of silicate minerals and ion exchange on soils. In the lower plain portion, the aquifer system is recharged from irrigation return flow and seawater intrusion, which significantly affects groundwater chemistry. Nitrate and chloride concentrations indicate that groundwater is highly affected by an overuse of fertilizers in agricultural activities, but there is little effect from urban activities. Seawater intrusion has progressed rapidly during the past decade, and the impact currently extends 13 km inland. Radiocarbon residence time calculations suggest that groundwater is modern, with the exception of Chametla and El Centerario sites in the central and western lowlands with ages of up to *5000 years. These waters indicate an additional recharge source for the upconing of fossil groundwater or regional flow.
    Keywords: Coastal aquifers; Hydrogeochemistry; Arid regions; Isotope hydrology; Contamination ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: A new method to correlate intrinsic reactivity and treatability efficiency of metallic iron (Fe0) was evaluated. A 2.0 mg L-1 methylene blue (MB) solution was used in gravity fed column experiments. The intrinsic reactivity of nine Fe0 materials (ten samples) was characterized using the EDTA test. Three commercial Fe0 materials ZVI1 (0.40 - 0.80 mm), ZVI9 (0.50 mm) and ZVI10 (0.45 - 0.55 mm) were tested in column experiments. A layer containing 100 g of Fe0 was sandwiched between 19.0 to 20.0 cm upper coarse sand (1.6 - 2.0 mm) and 8.0 cm lower fine sand (0.25 - 0.30 mm). 500 mL of the MB solution was daily filtered through each column for one month. Effluent solutions were characterized for MB and Fe concentrations. The columns were also characterized by the evolution of the hydraulic conductivity (k values). Results showed (i) quantitative MB removal (〉 88 %) and (ii) limited Fe release for all three columns. After about 25 days, the Fe levels were constantly less than 1.0 mg L-1. The most significant difference was observed in the evolution of the k value and was attributed to the different material sorting. Less sorted ZVI1 exhibited the lowest initial k value (8.0 vs 43.0 mm min-1 for ZVI9 and ZVI10) and most significant permeability loss. Results confirmed the usefulness of the tested protocol as a reliable method to assess the efficiency of Fe0 materials in short term column experiments. Well-sorted Fe0 materials are recommended for long term efficient Fe0 filtration systems.
    Keywords: Intrinsic reactivity; Methylene blue; Reactive filtration; Treatability efficiency; Zerovalent iron ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Keywords: 551 ; VKB 350 ; 38.20
    Language: English
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
    Format: 186-209
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In order to better understand the role of fluids during subduction and subsequent exhumation, we have investigated whole-rock and mineral chemistry (major and trace elements) and Li, B as well as O, Sr, Nd, Pb isotopes on selected continuous drill-core profiles through contrasting lithological boundaries from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CCSD) in Sulu, China. Four carefully selected sample sets have been chosen to investigate geochemical changes as a result of fluid mobilization during dehydration, peak metamorphism, and exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust. Our data reveal that while O and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions remain more or less unchanged, significant Li and/or B isotope fractionations occur between different lithologies that are in close contact during various metamorphic stages. Samples that are supposed to represent prograde dehydration as indicated by veins formed at high pressures (HP) are characterized by element patterns of highly fluid-mobile elements in the veins that are complementary to those of the host eclogite. A second sample set represents a UHP metamorphic crustal eclogite that is separated from a garnet peridotite by a thin transitional interface. Garnet peridotite and eclogite are characterized by a 〉10% difference in MgO, which, together with the presence of abundant hydroxyl-bearing minerals and compositionally different clinopyroxene grains demonstrate that both rocks have been derived from different sources that have been tectonically juxtaposed during subduction, and that hydrous silicate-rich fluids have been added from the subducting slab to the mantle. Two additional sample sets, comprising retrograde amphibolite and relatively fresh eclogite, demonstrate that besides external fluids, internal fluids can be responsible for the formation of amphibolite. Li and B concentrations and isotopic compositions point to losses and isotopic fractionation during progressive dehydration. On the other hand, fluids with isotopically heavier Li and B are added during retrogression. On a small scale, mantle-derived rocks may be significantly metasomatized by fluids derived from the subducted slab. Our study indicates that during high-grade metamorphism, Li and B may show different patterns of enrichment and of isotopic fractionation.
    Keywords: Fluid/rock interaction; Elemental transfer; Isotopic fractionation; Subduction and exhumation; Sulu ; 551 ; Earth Sciences; Mineralogy; Mineral Resources; Geology
    Language: English
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The Itajaí Basin located in the southern border of the Luís Alves Microplate is considered as a peripheral foreland basin related to the Dom Feliciano Belt. It presents an excellent record of the Ediacaran period, and its upper parts display the best Brazilian example of Precambrian turbiditic deposits. The basal succession of Itajaí Group is represented by sandstones and conglomerates (Baú Formation) deposited in alluvial and deltaic-fan systems. The marine upper sequences correspond to the Ribeirão Carvalho (channelized and non-channelized proximal silty-argillaceous rhythmic turbidites), Ribeirão Neisse (arkosic sandstones and siltites), and Ribeirão do Bode (distal silty turbidites) formations. The Apiúna Formation felsic volcanic rocks crosscut the sedimentary succession. The Cambrian Subida leucosyenogranite represents the last felsic magmatic activity to affect the Itajaí Basin. The Brusque Group and the Florianópolis Batholith are proposed as source areas for the sediments of the upper sequence. For the lower continental units the source areas are the Santa Catarina, São Miguel and Camboriú complexes. The lack of any oceanic crust in the Itajaí Basin suggests that the marine units were deposited in a restricted, internal sea. The sedimentation started around 600 Ma and ended before 560 Ma as indicated by the emplacement of rhyolitic domes. The Itajaí Basin is temporally and tectonically correlated with the Camaquã Basin in Rio Grande do Sul and the Arroyo del Soldado/Piriápolis Basin in Uruguay. It also has several tectono-sedimentary characteristics in common with the African-equivalent Nama Basin.
    Keywords: Dom Feliciano Belt; Ediacaran; Foreland basin; U–Pb SHRIMP ages; Provenance ; 551 ; Earth Sciences; Geophysics/Geodesy; Geology
    Language: English
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In the crystal structure of the title compound [systematic name: 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptatriene-5-carboxamide–1,4- dioxane (2/1)], 2C16H13NO C4H8O2, the cytenamide molecules form a hydrogen-bonded R2 2(8) dimer. The solvent molecule is located between two adjacent cytenamide dimers and forms N—H O hydrogen bonds with one cytenamide molecule from each dimer.
    Keywords: single-crystal X-ray study; T = 160 K; mean (C–C) = 0.004 A° ; R factor = 0.069; wR factor = 0.122; data-to-parameter ratio = 13.5. ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: Adsorption; Decontamination; Reduction; Remediation; Zerovalent iron ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: letter; apology letter ; 551 ; Chlorine ; Iron ; Lindane ; Palladium ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Water Purification
    Language: English , English
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: Environmental remediation; Material reactivity; Nanoscale iron; Roll-front; Zerovalent iron ; 551 ; Environment; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Climate Change; Environment, general; Soil Science & Conservation; Hydrogeology; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution
    Language: English
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Basaltic dyke swarms in the southern continental part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (Bangangte, Dschang, Manjo areas) are tholeiitic in composition with 46 to 50 wt.% SiO 2 and have moderate Mg-numbers (53–59), medium TiO 2 contents (1.48–2,05 wt.%), and flat to mildly enriched incompatible trace element patterns. Comparison with trace element patterns of representative Cenozoic basaltic rocks of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (Bana anorogenic complex, Mt. Bambouto, Adamawa Plateau basalts) indicates that these dykes are less enriched in light REE and show different incompatible trace element ratios (La/Yb: 5.7 to 8.6; Zr/Nb: 7.6 to 12.0; Ba/Th: 87.7 to 93.3). The trace element patterns of the dykes and their Sr- and Nd- isotope compositions, however, are similar to those of the pre-Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Benue Trough in Nigeria. Our data therefore suggest that these dykes represent the magmatic history related to the break-up of Africa and South America and are unrelated to the Tertiary volcanism of the Cameroon Line.
    Keywords: Basalt dykes; Tholeiites; Phanerozoic; Cameroon volcanic line; West Gondwana ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The arborescent lycophyte group known as the sigillarians bore pedunculate fructifications, including Sigillariostrobus Schimper, which has a known propensity to disaggregate, making comparisons of cones and in situ spores often difficult if not impossible. Sigillariostrobus is monosporangiate, containing either megaspores or microspores. Two new species of Sigillariostrobus with megaspores are described from the British Coal Measures. Two cones of Sigillariostrobus saltwellensis sp. nov. are described from Langsettian–Duckmantian strata of Great Britain, containing in situ Laevigatisporites glabratus (Zerndt) Potonié and Kremp spores, making this the first British Sigillariostrobus species described containing such spores. Sigillariostrobus barkeri sp. nov. is given here to the previously described cone with in situ Tuberculatisporites brevispiculus (Schopf) Potonié and Kremp spores. This is the first Sigillariostrobus cone with this megaspore species in situ, and thus shows that T. brevispiculus and T. mamillarius (Bartlett) Potonié and Kremp are not conspecific as others have previously suggested.
    Description: Open-Access Publikationsfonds 2015
    Keywords: Sigillariostrobus Schimper; megasporangiate; British Coal Measures ; 551
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2021-04-27
    Description: he fossil record of lichens is scarce and many putative fossil lichens do not show an actual physiological relationship between mycobionts and photobionts or a typical habit, and are therefore disputed. Amber has preserved a huge variety of organisms in microscopic fidelity, and so the study of amber fossils is promising for elucidating the fossil history of lichens. However, so far it has not been tested as to how amber inclusions of lichens are preserved regarding their internal characters, ultrastructure, and chemofossils. Here, we apply light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy to an amber-preserved Eocene lichen in order to gain information about the preservation of the fossil. The lichen thallus displays lifelike tissue preservation including the upper and lower cortex, medulla, photobiont layer, apothecia, and soredia. SEM analysis revealed globular photobiont cells in contact with the fungal hyphae, as well as impressions of possible former crystals of lichen compounds. EDX analysis permitted the differentiation between halite and pyrite crystals inside the lichen which were likely formed during the later diagenesis of the amber piece. Raman spectroscopy revealed the preservation of organic compounds and a difference between the composition of the cortex and the medulla of the fossil.
    Description: Open Access Publikationsfonds 2015
    Keywords: Lichen; amber; morphology; ultrastructure; chemofossils; taphonomic alteration ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Fungi have been recognized as a frequent colonizer of subseafloor basalt but a substantial understanding of their abundance, diversity and ecological role in this environment is still lacking. Here we report fossilized cryptoendolithic fungal communities represented by mainly Zygomycetes and minor Ascomycetes in vesicles of dredged volcanic rocks (basanites) from the Vesteris Seamount in the Greenland Basin. Zygomycetes had not been reported from subseafloor basalt previously. Different stages in zygospore formation are documented in the studied samples, representing a reproduction cycle. Spore structures of both Zygomycetes and Ascomycetes are mineralized by romanechite-like Mn oxide phases, indicating an involvement in Mn(II) oxidation to form Mn(III,VI) oxides. Zygospores still exhibit a core of carbonaceous matter due to their resistance to degradation. The fungi are closely associated with fossiliferous marine sediments that have been introduced into the vesicles. At the contact to sediment infillings, fungi produced haustoria that penetrated and scavenged on the remains of fragmented marine organisms. It is most likely that such marine debris is the main carbon source for fungi in shallow volcanic rocks, which favored the establishment of vital colonies.
    Keywords: Fungal structure; Fungi; Vesicles; Sediment; Fossils; Zygomycetes; Seamounts; Marine geology ; 551
    Language: English , English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Despite two decades of intensive research on using metallic iron (Fe0) for environmental remediation and water treatment, basic concerns about their efficiency still prevail. This communication presents the basic idea of the view that challenges the prevailing paradigm on the operating mode of Fe0/H2O systems. The alternative paradigm is in tune with the mainstream science on aqueous iron corrosion. Its large scale adoption will enable a scientifically based system design and increase the acceptance of this already proven efficient technology.
    Keywords: Adsorption; Co-precipitation; Filtration; Water treatment; Zero-valent iron ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , submittedVersion
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2021-04-27
    Description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2016
    Keywords: Fossils; Leaves; Paleobiology; Mosses, Plant fossils; Eocene epoch, Bryology; Nonvascular plants ; 551
    Language: English , English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: methane hydrate; NGH; gas transport; self-preservation; LNG; CNG; pipeline; methane hydrate carrier; risk analysis ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The temperature dependence of H-Uiso in N-acetyl-l-4-hydroxyproline monohydrate is investigated. Imposing a constant temperature-independent multiplier of 1.2 or 1.5 for the riding hydrogen model is found to be inaccurate, and severely underestimates H-Uiso below 100 K. Neutron diffraction data at temperatures of 9, 150, 200 and 250 K provide benchmark results for this study. X-ray diffraction data to high resolution, collected at temperatures of 9, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 250 K (synchrotron and home source), reproduce neutron results only when evaluated by aspherical-atom refinement models, since these take into account bonding and lone-pair electron density; both invariom and Hirshfeld-atom refinement models enable a more precise determination of the magnitude of H-atom displacements than independent-atom model refinements. Experimental efforts are complemented by computing displacement parameters following the TLS+ONIOM approach. A satisfactory agreement between all approaches is found.
    Keywords: riding hydrogen model; QM/MM computations; neutron diffraction; invariom refinement; Hirshfeld-atom refinement; synchrotron radiation ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Keywords: soil respiration ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This letter presents an improved discussion of the data provided in a recent article on EDTA removal from aqueous solutions using elemental iron (Fe(0)) by O. Gyliene and his co-workers. It is shown that the authors have furnished a brilliant validation of the concept that dissolved contaminants are primary removed in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems by adsorption onto iron corrosion products and co-precipitation with iron corrosion products. It is reiterated that "contaminant removal" and "contaminant reduction" should not be interchanged randomly.
    Keywords: Adsorption; Co-precipitation; EDTA; Iron corrosion; Zerovalent iron; ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , submittedVersion
    Format: 7
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The intrinsic reactivity of four metallic iron materials (Fe0) was investigated in batch and column experiments. The Fe0 reactivity was characterized by the extent of aqueous fixation of in-situ leached arsenic (As). Air-homogenized batch experiments were conducted for 1 month with 10.0 g/ℓ of an As-bearing rock (ore material) and 0.0 or 5.0 g/ℓ of Fe0. Column experiments were performed for 2 and 3 months. Each dynamic experiment was made up of 2 glass columns in series. The first column contained 2.5 or 5.0 g of the ore material and the second column 0.0 or 5.0 g of a Fe0 material. Results showed no significant reactivity difference in batch studies for all 4 materials, ZVI2 was by far the most reactive material in column experiments. This observation was attributed to the relative kinetics of production of aqueous As and Fe species under the experimental conditions and their impact on the formation of a protective film on Fe0. Accordingly, no protective film could be built at the surface of the least reactive materials. The results corroborated the urgent need for unified experimental procedures to characterize Fe0 materials.
    Keywords: Column study; Intrinsic reactivity; Ore mineral; Water treatment; Zerovalent iron ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , submittedVersion
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Description: During the last few years, the analysis of microbial diversity in various habitats greatly increased our knowledge on the kingdom Archaea. At the same time, we became aware of the multiple ways in which Archaea may interact with each other and with organisms of other kingdoms. The large group of euryarchaeal methanogens and their methane oxidizing relatives, in particular, take part in essential steps of the global methane cycle. Both of these processes, which are in reverse to each other, are partially conducted in a symbiotic interaction with different partners, either ciliates and xylophagous animals or sulfate reducing bacteria. Other symbiotic interactions are mostly of unknown ecological significance but depend on highly specific mechanisms. This paper will give an overview on interactions between Archaea and other organisms and will point out the ecological relevance of these symbiotic processes, as long as these have been already recognized.
    Keywords: Archaea; Symbioses; ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Most studies dealing with material properties of sandstones are based on a small data set. The present study utilizes petrographical and petrophysical data from 22 selected sandstones and ~300 sandstones from the literature to estimate/predict the material and weathering behaviour of characteristic sandstones. Composition and fabric properties were determined from detailed thin section analyses. Statistical methods applied consist of data distributions with whisker plots and linear regression with confidence regions for the petrophysical and weathering properties. To identify similarities between individual sandstones and to define groups of specific sandstone types, principal component and cluster analyses were applied. The results confirm an interaction between the composition, depositional environment, stratigraphic association and diagenesis, which leads to a particular material behaviour of sandstones. Three different types of pore radii distributions are observed, whereby each is derived from different pore space modifications during diagenesis and is associated with specific sandstone types: (1) bimodal with a maximum in capillary and micropores, (2) unimodal unequal with a maximum in smaller capillary pores and (3) unimodal equable with a maximum in larger capillary pores. Each distribution shows specific dependencies to water absorption, salt loading and hygric dilatation. The strength–porosity relationship shows dependence on the content of unstable lithic fragments, grain contact and type of pore radii distribution, cementation and degree of alteration. Sandstones showing a maximum of capillary pores and micropores (bimodal) exhibit a distinct hygric dilatation and low salt resistance. These sandstones are highly immature sublitharenites–litharenites, characterized by altered unstable rock fragments, which show pointed-elongated grain contacts, and some pseudomatrix. Quartz arenites and sublitharenites–litharenites which are strongly compacted and cemented, show unimodal unequal pore radii distributions, low porosity, high strength and a high salt resistance. The presence of swellable clay minerals in sublitharenites–litharenites leads to a medium to high hygric dilatation, whereas quartz arenites show little hygric dilatation. Sandstones with unimodal equal pore radii distribution mostly belong to weakly compacted and cemented mature quartz arenites. These are characterized by high water absorption and high porosity, low to medium strength and a low salt resistance. The data compiled in this study are used to create a sandstone quality catalogue. Since material properties are dependent on many different parameters of influence, the transition between different lithotypes is fluent.
    Keywords: Sandstones; Pore space; Prediction; Weathering behavior; Compressive strength ; 551 ; Earth Sciences; Geology
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: application/pdf
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