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  • Articles  (257)
  • Ecology  (147)
  • geostatistics  (110)
  • Geosciences  (256)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (3)
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Source
Keywords
Publisher
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Journal
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial variability and interpolation of daily precipitation amount (1992)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 209-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: geostatistics ; precipitation ; water balance models ; semivariogram ; kriging ; spatial variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Daily precipitation amounts show spatial variation over sub-continential regions. Point measurements, representative for regions of land, have to be interpolated towards unobserved locations. In this study four days in 1984 were selected to investigate the spatial variability of daily precipitation amount in North-western Europe in relation to the meteorological conditions. Data were interpolated using Kriging. Crossvalidation was used to compare interpolated values with measured values. Large differences in the spatial structure of daily precipitation amount are obsered as a result of different meterological conditions. Stratification of the study area into a coastal, a mountainous and an interior stratum proved to be successful, reducing the Mean Squared Error of Prediction with up to 55%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581451
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial variability and interpolation of daily precipitation amount (1992)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 6 (1992), S. 304-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: geostatistics ; precipitation ; water balance models ; semivariogram ; kriging ; spatial variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Daily precipitation amounts show spatial variation over sub-continential regions. Point measurements, represntative for regions of land, have to be interpolated towards unobserved locations. In this study four days in 1984 were selected to investigate the spatial variability of daily precipitation amount in north-western Europe in relation to the meteorological conditions. Data were interpolated using kriging. Crossvalidation was used to compare interpolated values with measured values. Large differences in the spatial structure of daily precipitation amount are observed as a result of different meteorological conditions. Stratification of the study area into a coast, a mountain and an interior stratum proved to be successful, reducing the Mean Squared Error of Prediction with up to 55%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581623
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voucher specimens: A way to protect the value of your research (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 93-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Voucher specimens ; Biology ; Ecology ; Taxonomy ; Soil animals ; Soil biologist
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Voucher specimens ensure that the identity of organisms studied in the field or in laboratory experiments can be verified, and ensure that new species concepts can be applied to past research. Guidelines on the collection, preparation, and deposition of voucher specimens and means of referral to them are given. Type specimens and the nomenclature of species names are briefly described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335789
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the geologic structure of the Explora Escarpment (Weddell Sea, Antarctica) revealed by satellite and Shipboard data evaluation (1994)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 16 (1994), S. 325-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Keywords: Bathymetry ; gravity ; magnetics ; satellite data ; Gondwana breakup ; geostatistics ; geophysical inverse theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Bathymetric, gravity, and magnetic data from Antarctic expeditions with RV POLARSTERN and satellite altimeter data from the Geosat Geodetic Mission are analysed using methods from geostatistics and geophysical inverse theory. The Explora Escarpment represents the edge between the Antarctic Continental Shelf and the Weddell Abyssal Plain. It is an important link in the reconstruction of Gondwana breakup, but a feature as large as the 2000 m deep Wegener Canyon was only discovered in 1984, when extensive bathymetric, gravimetric, and magnetic surveys with RV POLARSTERN began. Geostatistics, the theory of regionalized variables, is applied to integrate dense surveys of Wegener Canyon and sparse observations in adjacent areas into maps with full coverage of the 230 km by 330 km area at 10°–20° W/70°–72° S. The resultant highresolution bathymetric and gravity maps reveal detailed structures of the Explora Escarpment. Using geophysical inversion, the gravity terrain effect is calculated. Satellite data are used for their better coverage, but have much lower resolution. Nevertheless, the structures of Wegener Canyon and other more prominent features appear with surprisingly good correlation also in the Geosat altimeter data. While it was initially supposed that Wegener Canyon is purely an erosional structure, the magnetic map now provides evidence of the ‘canyon's’ tectonic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01203971
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geostatistical analysis of longwall face roof convergence data (1989)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 7 (1989), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Roof convergence ; longwall face ; geostatistics ; coal mining ; support advance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary Roof convergence and the rate of convergence are regionalized variables; the geostatistics can thus be applied to a set of underground observations. This investigation shows that the removal of a slice of coal induces roof movement. The rate of convergence is highest just after the coal removal and decreases with time. The immediate advance of a ‘rigid’ powered roof support decreases the total convergence for a complete production cycle. On the other hand, the timing of the advance of a relatively ‘soft’ support element has no influence on the total convergence for a complete production cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880944
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the importance of choosing a change of support model for global reserves estimation (1988)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 20 (1988), S. 1001-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; change of support ; recoverable reserves ; selectivity ; normality index ; Cartier's formula ; affine correction ; discrete Gaussian model ; mosaic model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The practical problem considered here is: how can block distribution in an orebody be forecast from sample data? The task is arduous because information yielded by samples is too often insufficient to allow an accurate evaluation of blocks. In practice, necessary additional information is obtained via a model. Choosing that model is crucial; the value of results reflects the model, i.e., its adequacy to represent reality. In this paper, the importance of choosing the change of support model is illustrated with simulations and practical examples (especially deposits with a skewed sample distribution and a large spike at the origin). An attempt to quantify this importance is made also.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00892976
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bayesian updating revisited (1989)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 21 (1989), S. 285-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: Bayesian updating ; geostatistics ; Kriging ; linear inversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Bayesian updating methods provide an alternate philosophy to the characterization of the input variables of a stochastic mathematical model. Here, a priori values of statistical parameters are assumed on subjective grounds or by analysis of a data base from a geologically similar area. As measurements become available during site investigations, updated estimates of parameters characterizing spatial variability are generated. However, in solving the traditional updating equations, an updated covariance matrix may be generated that is not positive-definite, particularly when observed data errors are small. In addition, measurements may indicate that initial estimates of the statistical parameters are poor. The traditional procedure does not have a facility to revise the parameter estimates before the update is carried out. alternatively, Bayesian updating can be viewed as a linear inverse problem that minimizes a weighted combination of solution simplicity and data misfit. Depending on the weight given to the a priori information, a different solution is generated. A Bayesian updating procedure for log-conductivity interpolation that uses a singular value decomposition (SVD) is presented. An efficient and stable algorithm is outlined that computes the updated log-conductivity field and the a posteriori covariance of the estimated values (estimation errors). In addition, an information density matrix is constructed that indicates how well predicted data match observations. Analysis of this matrix indicates the relative importance of the observed data. The SVD updating procedure is used to interpolate the log-conductivity fields of a series of hypothetical aquifers to demonstrate pitfalls and possibilities of the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00893691
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factorial kriging analysis applied to geological data from petroleum exploration (1989)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 21 (1989), S. 683-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; factorial kriging analysis ; spectral analysis ; petroleum exploration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A regionalized variable, thickness of the reservoir layer, from a gas field is decomposed by factorial kriging analysis. Maps of the obtained components may be associated with depositional environments that are favorable for petroleum exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00893316
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variography of submarine morphology: Problems of deregularization, and cartographical implications (1989)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 21 (1989), S. 693-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; variography ; deregularization ; universal kriging ; bathymetry ; SEABEAM survey ; cartography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract During the German Antarctic Expedition VI (leg 3, December 1987 to March 1988), bathymetric surveys were made in the Weddell Sea by the SEABEAM sonar system. For the first time geostatistical methods were applied in the SEABEAM-postprocessing. The investigations of variography that were necessary prior to the cartographical-geomorphological evaluation shed new light on classical geostatistical concerns. SEABEAM data provide a good example of a mean square, differentiable regionalized variable, where data are sampled over a two-dimensional support due to the technique of the sonar device. By deregularizations of the sample variograms, spatial continuity can be shown to be a property of seafloor depth as well as a point variable. The results are discussed in a sedimentological context. As an application of the regional variogram analyses, large-scale kriged bathymetric maps are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00893317
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variance as a function of sample support size (1990)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 22 (1990), S. 107-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: Variogram ; geostatistics ; sample support ; variance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of sample support size on variance is examined and evaluated. Results based on variograms and geostatistics are compared to the classical relationship developed by H. F. Smith in 1938; that is, that the variance is reduced fromV 1 toV 1 /n b as the support area increases from I ton plots for uniformity trials. The exponentb is between zero and one. Theoretical results are based on use of auxiliary functions and account for the size and shape of the sample support and the overall field geometry. Results are given in terms of approximations by rational functions for ease of calculation. Experimental results for uniformity trials, infiltration measurements, and spectral data from satellites are compared to theoretical and empirical results. Applications include not only uniformity trials, but also measurement theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890300
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