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  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases  (3)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
  • Springer Science+Business Media B.V.  (3)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (2)
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  • 1
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    The 3D Attenuation Structure of Deception Island (Antarctica) (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-05
    Beschreibung: The seismic and volcanological structure of Deception Island (Antarctica) is an intense focus topic in Volcano Geophysics. The interpretations given by scientists on the origin, nature, and location of the structures buried under the island strongly diverge. We present a high-resolution 3D P-wave attenuation tomography model obtained by using the coda normalization method on 20,293 high-quality waveforms produced by active sources. The checkerboard and synthetic anomaly tests guarantee the reproduction of the input anomalies under the island down to a depth of 4 km. The results, once compared with our current knowledge on the geological, geochemical, and geophysical structure of the region, depict Deception as a piecemeal caldera structure coming out of the Bransfield Trough. Highattenuation anomalies contouring the northeastern emerged caldera rim correlate with the locations of sediments. In our interpretation, the main attenuation contrast, which appears under the collapsed southeastern caldera rim, is related to the deeper feeding systems. A unique P-wave high-attenuation spherical-like anomaly in the inner bay extends between depths of 1 and 3 km. The northern contour of the anomaly coincides with the calderic rim both at 1 and 2 km, while smaller anomalies connect it with deeper structures below 3 km, dipping toward the Bransfield Trough. In our interpretation, the large upper anomaly is caused by a high-temperature shallow (1–3 km deep) geothermal system, located beneath the sediment-filled bay in the collapsed blocks and heated by smaller, deeper contributions of molten materials (magma) rising from southeast.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 371–390
    Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Beschreibung: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Attenuation ; Scattering ; Tomography ; Antarctica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OA)
  • 2
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    Partitioning the net ecosystem carbon balance of a semiarid steppe into biological and geological components (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-24
    Beschreibung: Recent studies have highlighted the need to consider geological carbon sources when estimating the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) of terrestrial ecosystems located in areas potentially affected by geofluid circulation. We propose a new methodology using physical parameters of the atmospheric boundary layer to quantify the CO2 coming from deep ground origin in a steppe ecosystem located in the SE of Spain. Then, we compared published NECB estimates at the site with seasonal patterns of soil CO2 efflux and biological activity measured by satellite images over a 2-year period (2007/2008). The alpha grass ecosystem was a net carbon source (93.8 and 145.1 g C m-2 year-1, in 2007 and 2008, respectively), particularly as a result of large amounts of carbon released over the dry period that were not related to biological activity. While the highest ecosystem CO2 emission rates were measured over the dry period (reaching up to 15 lmol m-2 s-1), soil CO2 efflux rates (ca. 0.5 lmol m-2 s-1) and plant productivity were minimal during this period. After using a linear relationship between NECB and wind speed for different stability conditions and wind sectors, we estimated the geological flux FGEO (217.9 and 244.0 g C m-2 in 2007 and 2008, respectively) and subtracted it from the NECB to obtain the biological flux FBIO (-124.0 and -98.9 g C m-2 in 2007 and 2008, respectively). We then partitioned FBIO into gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration and proved that, after removing FGEO, ecosystem respiration and soil CO2 efflux followed similar seasonal patterns. The annual contribution of the geological component to NECB was 49.6 and 46.7 % for the year 2007 and 2008, respectively. Therefore, it is clear that geological carbon sources should be quantified in those ecosystems located in areas with potential natural emission of geological gases to the surface.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 83-101
    Beschreibung: 7A. Geofisica di esplorazione
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): carbon emission, soil, dry land ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OA)
  • 3
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    Geochemical Barriers in CO2 Capture and Storage Feasibility Studies (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-09
    Beschreibung: CO2 sequestration in geological formations requires specific conditions to safely store this greenhouse gas underground. Different geological reservoirs can be used for this purpose, although saline aquifers are one of the most promising targets due to both their worldwide availability and storing capacity. Nevertheless, geochemical processes and fluid flow properties are to be assessed pre-, during, and post-injection of CO2. Theoretical calculations carried out by numerical geochemical modeling play an important role to understand the fate of CO2 and to investigate short-to-long-term consequences of CO2 storage into deep saline reservoirs. In this paper, the injection of CO2 in a deep structure located offshore in the Tyrrhenian Sea (central Italy) was simulated. The results of a methodological approach for evaluating the impact that CO2 has in a saline aquifer hosted in Mesozoic limestone formations were discussed. Seismic reflection data were used to develop a reliable 3D geological model, while 3D simulations of reactive transport were performed via the TOUGHREACT code. The simulation model covered an area of 〉100 km2 and a vertical cross-section of 〉3 km, including the trapping structure. Two simulations, at different scales, were carried out to depict the local complex geological system and to assess: (i) the geochemical evolution at the reservoir–caprock interface over a short time interval, (ii) the permeability variations close to the CO2 plume front, and (iii) the CO2 path from the injection well throughout the geological structure. One of the most important results achieved in this study was the formation of a geochemical barrier as CO2-rich acidic waters flowed into the limestone reservoir.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 107-143
    Beschreibung: 5A. Energia e georisorse
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): CO2 geological storage ; Reactive transport modeling ; Deep saline aquifers ; Geochemical barriers ; Permeability feedback ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Earth's Degassing: A Missing Ethane and Propane Source (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: BREVIA
    Beschreibung: Current emission inventories require an additional "unknown" source to balance the global atmospheric budgets of ethane (C2H6). Here, we provide evidence that a substantial part of the missing source can be attributed to natural gas seepage from petroliferous, geothermal, and volcanic areas. Such geologic sources also inject propane (C3H8) into the atmosphere. The analysis of a large data set of methane (CH4), ethane, and propane concentrations in surface gas emissions of 238 sites from different geographic and geologic areas, coupled with published estimates of geomethane emissions, suggests that Earth's degassing accounts for at least 17% and 10% of total ethane and propane emissions, respectively.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 478
    Beschreibung: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Ethane ; Propane ; Geologic emissions ; Seepage ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Time-resolved seismic tomography detects magma intrusions at Mt. Etna (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The continuous volcanic and seismic activity at Mount Etna makes this volcano an important laboratory for seismological and geophysical studies. We used repeated three-dimensional tomography to detect variations in elastic parameters during different volcanic cycles, before and during the October 2002–January 2003 flank eruption. Well-defined anomalous low P- to S-wave velocity ratio volumes were revealed. Absent during the pre-eruptive period, the anomalies trace the intrusion of volatile-rich (Q4 weight percent) basaltic magma, most of which rose up only a few months before the onset of eruption. The observed time changes of velocity anomalies suggest that four-dimensional tomography provides a basis for more efficient volcano monitoring and shortand midterm eruption forecasting of explosive activity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 821-823
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Format: 727523 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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