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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-16
    Beschreibung: Active volcanoes characterized by open conduit conditions generate sonic and infrasonic signals, whose investigation provides useful information for both monitoring purposes and studying the dynamics of explosive processes. In this work, we discuss the automatic procedures implemented for a real-time application to the data acquired by a permanent network of five infrasound stations running at Mt. Etna volcano. The infrasound signals at Mt. Etna consist in amplitude transients, called infrasound events. The adopted procedure uses a multi-algorithm approach for event detection, counting, characterization and location. It is designed for an efficient and accurate processing of infrasound records provided by single-site and array stations. Moreover, the source mechanism of these events can be investigated off-line or in near real-time by using three different models: i) Strombolian bubble; ii) resonating conduit and iii) Helmholtz resonator. The infrasound waveforms allow us to choose the most suitable model, to get quantitative information about the source and to follow the time evolution of the source parameters.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1215–1231
    Beschreibung: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): infrasound ; monitoring system ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-17
    Beschreibung: This special issue is dedicated to Yuri Taran's outstanding contributions to gas geochemistry that began in the early 1980s with his work on deuterium and 18O compositions of geothermal waters in the Mutnovsky (Kamchatka) region and continues to this day with work on the Kamchatka volcanic volatile budget, carbon isotopes of hydrocarbons, and new insights into the geochemistry of El Chichón volcano, Chiapas. Yuri has contributed greatly to the field of volcanic gas geochemistry and was the first to recognize the distinct deuterium and oxygen isotopic composition of fumarole condensates from volcanoes in Kamchatka (Taran et al. 1987a). The shift in δD and δ18O to significantly heavier values compared to local meteoric water led Yuri to introduce the term “andesitic water” (Taran et al. 1989a, b) which has since been recognized at subduction zone volcanoes globally. This distinct isotopic composition is evidence that volcanoes release water that ultimately originates as subducted seawater and is recycled through the mantle wedge back to the earth's surface. Yuri's early work on the gas emissions from Kamchatka and Kurile Islands volcanoes also included the development and testing of gas geothermometers (Taran 1986) and investigating hydrothermal alteration using isotopic data (Taran et al. 1987b). His curiosity remained focused on the isotope systematics of volcanic gases discharging from Kamchatka and the Kuriles through the late 1980s and 1990s with publications on the gas compositions of Klyuchevskoi (Taran et al. 1991), Mutnovsky (Taran et al. 1992), Avachinsky and Koryaksky (Taran et al. 1997). Yuri was involved in the discovery of a pure and unique rhenium mineral on Kudryavy volcano (Korzhinsky et al. 1994) and provided one of the most detailed chemical studies of high temperature (up to 950°C) fumaroles to date of any volcano (Taran et al. 1995). His 1995 paper on Kudryavy remains highly cited and provides the highest quality volcanic gas data which also include trace elements from a subduction zone. Such data are crucial when we attempt to interpret lower temperature volcanic gas compositions or calculate rare metal fluxes from volcanoes worldwide. His most recent publication on Kamchatka-Kurile volcanic emissions provides a detailed analysis of the total gas flux from these volcanoes (Taran 2009).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 369-371
    Beschreibung: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Fluids Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-25
    Beschreibung: A multi-model set of atmospheric simulations forced by historical sea surface temperature (SST) or SSTs plus Greenhouse gases and aerosol forcing agents for the period of 1950–1999 is studied to identify and understand which components of the Asian–Australian monsoon (A–AM) variability are forced and reproducible. The analysis focuses on the summertime monsoon circulations, comparing model results against the observations. The priority of different components of the A–AM circulations in terms of reproducibility is evaluated. Among the subsystems of the wide A–AM, the South Asian monsoon and the Australian monsoon circulations are better reproduced than the others, indicating they are forced and well modeled. The primary driving mechanism comes from the tropical Pacific. The western North Pacific monsoon circulation is also forced and well modeled except with a slightly lower reproducibility due to its delayed response to the eastern tropical Pacific forcing. The simultaneous driving comes from the western Pacific surrounding the maritime continent region. The Indian monsoon circulation has a moderate reproducibility, partly due to its weakened connection to June–July–August SSTs in the equatorial eastern Pacific in recent decades. Among the A–AM subsystems, the East Asian summer monsoon has the lowest reproducibility and is poorly modeled. This is mainly due to the failure of specifying historical SST in capturing the zonal land-sea thermal contrast change across the East Asia. The prescribed tropical Indian Ocean SST changes partly reproduce the meridional wind change over East Asia in several models. For all the A–AM subsystem circulation indices, generally the MME is always the best except for the Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon circulation indices.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1051-1068
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): CLIVAR C20C ; Asian-Australian monsoon circulation ; AGCM ; Reproducibility ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-16
    Beschreibung: The presence of quarry and mine blasts in seismic catalogues is detected using the Wiemer and Baer (Bull Seism Soc Am 90(2):525–530, 2000) algorithm. The procedure is based on the observation that quarry blasts generally take place during daytime hours: the areas with a high ratio of daytime and night-time events are likely to be regions with quarry activity. In the first part of this work we have tested the method, using both a synthetic and a regional catalogue; in the second part the procedure has been applied to some of the European regional catalogues available on line. The comparison between the results obtained and the location of known quarries and mines for the analysed catalogues confirms the reliability of the methodology in identifying mining areas.
    Beschreibung: This research was partially supported by the transnational access activity of the European Union project NERIES (contract number 026130)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 229–249
    Beschreibung: 4IT. Banche dati
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): quarry blast; mine blast; seismic catalogue ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-18
    Beschreibung: By analyzing surface latent heat flux (SLHF) data from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project for the period three months before and after the Sept. 3, 2010 MS 7.1 New Zealand earthquake, an isolated SLHF positive anomaly on Aug. 1, 2010 was found with a high value of about 160 W/m2 to the northeast of the epicenter. Historical data, background pixels, and wavelet transforms of time series were comprehensively analyzed to study the spatiotemporal features of the SLHF anomaly. After removing the influences of wind speed and cloud cover, the key factor leading to local SLHF anomalies is the surface temperature increment. Combined with GPS displacement observations and tectonic settings, we determined that the physical mechanism of the SLHF anomaly could possibly be attributed to hot underground materials related to high-temperature and high-pressure upwelling from the deep crust and mantle along the nearby subduction zone, thereby explaining the local temperature increment to the northeast of the epicenter, as well as in the center of the North Island and the southwest of the South Island. Furthermore, it changed the specific humidity between the ground and surface air, causing the local SLHF increment.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3273-3280
    Beschreibung: 1.7. Osservazioni di alta e media atmosfera
    Beschreibung: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Beschreibung: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): remote sensing ; earthquakes ; precursors ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.05. Radiation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-15
    Beschreibung: Four sediment cores were analysed in order to determine the sedimentary processes associated with the channel-ridge depositional system that characterise the George V Land continental margin on the Wilkes Land. The sedimentary record indicates that the WEGA channel was a dynamic turbiditic system up to M.I.S. 11. After this time, the channel became a lower-energy environment with sediments delivered to the channel through high-density bottom waters that we identify to be the high salinity shelf waters (HSSW) forming on the shelf area. The HSSW entrains the fine-grained sediments of the shelf area and deliver them to the continental rise. The biostratigraphy and facies of the sediments within the WEGA channel indicate that the HSSW down flow was active also during last glacial. The change from a turbiditic system to a lowenergy bottom current system within the WEGA channel likely reflects a different ice-flow pattern, with ice-sheet reaching the continental shelf edge only within the ice trough (ice stream).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 909 - 926
    Beschreibung: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): High salinity shelf water ; Turbidity currents ; Glacio-marine depositional processes ; Marine isotopic stage 11 ; Glacial dynamic changes ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.05. Ice dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-10-26
    Beschreibung: One of the main objectives of the ITACA (ITalian ACcelerometric Archive) strong motion database, promoted by the Italian Department of Civil Protection, was to improve the characterization of the recording sites from a geological and geophysical point of view and to provide their seismic classification according to the seismic norms pertinent to Italy, namely the Eurocode 8 and the National Technical Norms for Constructions. A standard format to summarize the available information for the recording stations was first produced, in terms of a technical report dynamically linked to the database, i.e., some of the relevant information is automatically updated when the corresponding fields of the database are modified. Then, an important activity of collection, qualification and synthesis of available data was carried out, especially for stations that recorded the strongest earthquakes in Italy in the last 40 years, and for which a relevant number of studies have been published. In spite of this activity, among the more than 700 strong motion stations present in the ITACA database, only a limited number of them could be characterized by quantitative information on subsurface soil properties. For this reason, a dual seismic site classification criterion was implemented, either based on the standard Vs,30 scheme, or, in the absence of such information, based on an expert opinion supported by shallow geology maps, mostly at 1:100,000 scale, and when available on the H/V ratios calculated on recordings. Owing to the relevance in the Italian geographic and morphological context, a special care was also given to the topographic classification of stations, based on suitable criteria developed within a GIS environment.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1779-1796
    Beschreibung: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): ITACA database ; Strong motion station ; General characterization ; Site classification ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-16
    Beschreibung: Earthquake catalogues for Romania supply for 11th–15th century earthquakes located in the region of Vrancea records that consist of a complete set of parameters, including magnitude and depth. Scope of this paper is to verify the reliability and consistency of these parameters with the informative background as explicitly referenced by the catalogues. After retrieving the original sources they mention, the set of data appeared to be related almost exclusively to the Russian plain and too poor to be at the very origin of the parameter assessment. Data for 19th–20th century earthquakes, such as instrumental locations and CMT solutions, added to the understanding of the macroseismic response of the Russian plain to Vrancea earthquakes. On the one hand, the investigation and analysis of historical earthquake records for the fourteen events listed by the catalogues in the 11th–15th centuries has shown that for three earthquakes (1022, 1038, 1258) no primary sources could be traced, and three more earthquakes (1091, 1170 and 1328) are attested only by scarcely reliable records and had to be classified as doubtful, and one (1473) is simply a duplication of the 1471 event. On the other hand, the availability of data on recent earthquakes that may be compared to historical ones in terms of macroseismic effects allowed the authors to agree with the previous catalogue compilers’ solution with regard to both magnitude and depth of the past earthquakes for which do exist reliable primary historical records.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 575–604
    Beschreibung: 4IT. Banche dati
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Vrancea earthquakes ; 11th-15th earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-20
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 11
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-25
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 12
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-27
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 13
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-08
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 14
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-01
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 15
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-30
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 16
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: text/plain
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  • 17
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-31
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 18
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 19
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 20
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-02-06
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 21
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-05
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 22
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-06
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 23
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Springer, ISSN: 0273-2289
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-30
    Beschreibung: Marine viruses are ubiquitous, extremely diverse, and outnumber any form of life in the sea. Despite their ecological importance, viruses in marine environments have been largely ignored by the academic community, and only those that have caused substantial economic losses have received more attention. Fortunately, our current understanding on marine viruses has advanced considerably during the last decades. These advances have opened new and exciting research opportunities as several unique structural and genetic characteristics of marine viruses have shown to possess an immense potential for various biotechnological applications. Here, a condensed overview of the possibilities of using the enormous potential offered by marine viruses to develop innovative products in industries as pharmaceuticals, environmental remediation, cosmetics, material sciences, and several others, is presented. The importance of marine viruses to biotechnology should not be underestimated.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 24
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-01
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 25
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-23
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 26
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Global Environmental Change, (Handbook of Global Environmental Pollution ;1), Dordrecht ; London, Springer, 973 p., pp. 103-110, ISBN: 978-94-007-5783-7
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-08
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 27
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 28
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-04
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 29
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-19
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 30
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-19
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 31
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-24
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 32
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-07
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 33
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-25
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 34
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-28
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 35
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-07
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 36
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-13
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 37
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.google-earth.kmz
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  • 38
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 39
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-07-18
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 40
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-29
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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  • 41
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-30
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 42
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-06
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 43
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 44
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 45
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/plain
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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  • 46
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: image/tiff
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  • 47
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-12
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 48
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-12
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 49
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-15
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 50
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.google-earth.kmz
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 51
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/x-netcdf
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  • 52
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 53
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    Format: application/zip
    Format: application/zip
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  • 54
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/zip
    Format: image/png
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  • 55
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Earth System Science: Bridging the Gaps between Disciplines Perspectives from a Multi-disciplinary Helmholtz Research School, SpringerBriefs in Earth System Science, Heidelberg, Springer, 138 p., pp. 42-45, ISBN: ISBN 978-3-642-32234
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-08-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 56
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 57
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/x-netcdf
    Format: application/x-netcdf
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  • 58
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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  • 59
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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  • 60
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-08-31
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 61
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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  • 62
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 63
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 64
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-07
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 65
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-13
    Beschreibung: This appendix details all the technical protocols used at LIENSs Stable Isotope Facility (LIENSs SIF) for stable isotope analysis of various sample types. Sampling strategies and methodologies depend on research objectives, sampling sites and sampled organisms or materials. As such they are under the responsability of the researcher and are thus not described here. Besides sample preparation protocols, this appendix concerns also sample encapsulation and sample submission to our laboratory. This appendix is focused on C & N analyses. However, a large part of it can be applied to other isotopes or other matrices which specificities are (or will be) given in additional appendices.
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    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 66
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-06-12
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 67
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-11
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 68
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-27
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 69
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Global Land Ice Measurements from Space, Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, pp. 717-741, ISBN: 978-3-540-79817-0
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-11-15
    Beschreibung: The Antarctic Peninsula has exhibited some of the most spectacular changes observed in glacial systems in recent decades. The events include disintegration of ice shelves, acceleration and thinning of glaciers, variations in the limits between glacier facies, and retreat of glacier fronts. However, due to the lack of both consistent systematic observations of the glacial systems and information on their boundary conditions, it is difficult to accurately predict the contribution of Antarctic Peninsula glaciers to sea level rise and further responses of these ice masses to climatic and oceanographic changes. In this context, the activities of the GLIMS Regional Center for the Antarctic Peninsula and its network of international collaborators are based on the use of various types of Earth observation imagery, mainly optical and radar data. Although a complete glacier inventory is still lacking, we present the results of changes in glacier frontal positions and boundaries of glacier facies as well as links to dynamical adjustments for various locations in the Antarctic Peninsula’s ice masses. Evaluation of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and reflection Radiometer (ASTER) digital elevation models generated for the Antarctic Peninsula is also discussed.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 70
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-08-05
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 71
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-03
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 72
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-16
    Beschreibung: Early life stages of marine crustaceans respond sensitively to elevated seawater PCO2. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms have not been studied well. We therefore investigated the effects of elevated seawater PCO2 on oxygen consumption, dry weight, elemental composition, median developmental time (MDT) and mortality in zoea I larvae of the spider crab Hyas araneus (Svalbard 79°N/11°E; collection, May 2009; hatch, December 2009). At the time of moulting, oxygen consumption rate had reached a steady state level under control conditions. In contrast, elevated seawater PCO2 caused the metabolic rate to rise continuously leading to a maximum 1.5-fold increase beyond control level a few days before moulting into the second stage (zoea II), followed by a pronounced decrease. Dry weight of larvae reared under high CO2 conditions was lower than in control larvae at the beginning of the moult cycle, yet this difference had disappeared at the time of moulting. MDT of zoea I varied between 45 ± 1 days under control conditions and 42 ± 2 days under the highest seawater CO2 concentration. The present study indicates that larval development under elevated seawater PCO2 levels results in higher metabolic costs during premoulting events in zoea I. However, H. araneus zoea I larvae seem to be able to compensate for higher metabolic costs as larval MDT and survival was not affected by elevated PCO2 levels.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 73
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-10-22
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 74
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 75
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-11-06
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/zip
    Format: application/zip
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  • 76
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-12
    Beschreibung: Paper in Open Access related to EDP data sets
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 77
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-13
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 78
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology, Springer, 161(12), pp. 2819-2829, ISSN: 0025-3162
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-01-16
    Beschreibung: Among bivalves, scallops are exceptional due to their capacity to escape from predators by swimming which is provided by rapid and strong claps that are produced by the phasic muscle interspersed with tonic muscle contractions. Based on the concept of oxygen and capacity-limited thermal tolerance, the following hypothesis was tested: ocean warming and acidification (OWA) would induce disturbances in aerobic metabolic scope and extracellular acid-case status and impair swimming performance in temperate scallops. Following longterm incubation under near-future OWA scenarios [20 vs. 10 °C (control) and 0.112 kPa CO2 (hypercapnia) vs. 0.040 kPa CO2 (normocapnic control)], the clapping performance and metabolic rates (MR) were measured in resting (RMR) and fatigued (maximum MR) king scallops, Pecten maximus, from Roscoff, France. Exposure to OA, either alone or combined with warming, left MR and swimming parameters such as the total number of claps and clapping forces virtually unchanged. Only the duration of the escape response was affected by OA which caused earlier exhaustion in hyper- than in normocapnic scallops at 10 °C. While maximum MR was unaffected, warm exposure increased RMR in both normocapnic and hypercapnic P. maximus resulting in similar Q10 values of ~2.2. The increased costs of maintenance and the observation of strongly reduced haemolymph PO2 levels indicate that at 20 °C scallops have reached the upper thermal pejus range with unbalanced capacities for aerobic energy metabolism. As a consequence, warming to 20 °C decreased mean phasic force during escape performance until fatigue. The observed prolonged recovery time in warm incubated scallops might be a consequence of elevated metabolic costs at reduced oxygen availability in the warmth.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 79
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-28
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 80
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-08
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, pp. 1-16, ISBN: 978-3-642-36197-5
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 84
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-04-03
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 85
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: A new method of macroseismic surveys, based on voluntary collaboration through the Internet, has been running at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) since July 2007. The macroseismic questionnaire is addressed to a single non-specialist; reported effects are statistically analysed to extrapolate a probabilistic estimate of Mercalli Cancani Sieberg and European Macroseismic Scale intensities for that observer. Maps of macroseismic intensity are displayed online in almost real time and are continuously updated when new data are made available. For densely inhabited zones, we have received reports of felt effects for even very small events (M=2). Six earthquakes are presented here, showing the ability of the method to give fast and interesting results. The effects reported in questionnaires coming from three towns are carefully analysed and assigned intensities are compared with those derived from traditional macroseismic surveys, showing the reliability of our web-based method.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquakes ; Macroseismic intensity ; Questionnaire ; Macroseismic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 86
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We investigate the dynamics of turbulent pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) by adopting a 3D, Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase flow model, in which solid particles are treated as a continuum and the grain-size distribution is simplified by assuming two particulate phases. The turbulent sub-grid stress of the gas phase is modelled within the framework of Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) by means of a eddy-viscosity model together with a wall closure. Despite the significant numerical diffusion associated to the upwind method adopted for the Finite-Volume discretization, numerical simulations demonstrate the need of adopting a Sub-Grid Scale (SGS) model, while revealing the complex interplay between the grid and the SGS filter sizes. We also analyse the relationship between the averaged flow dynamic pressure and the action exerted by the PDC on a cubic obstacle, to evaluate the impact of a PDC on a building. Numerical results suggest that the average flow dynamic pressure can be used as a proxy for the force per unit surface acting on the building envelope (Fig. 5), even for such steeply stratified flows. However, it is not possible to express such roportionality as a constant coefficient such as the drag coefficient in a steady-state current. The present results indeed indicate that the large epistemic and aleatory uncertainty on initial and boundary conditions has an impact on the numerical redictions which is comparable to that of grid resolution.
    Beschreibung: Unpublished
    Beschreibung: (10)
    Beschreibung: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Beschreibung: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Large-Eddy Simulation ; pyroclastic density currents ; numerical simulation ; multiphase flows ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
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  • 87
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration provided warmer atmospheric temperature and higher atmospheric water vapor content, but not necessarily more precipitation. A set of experiments performed with a state-of-the-art coupled general circulation model forced with increased atmospheric CO2 concentration (2, 4 and 16 times the present-day mean value) were analyzed and compared with a control experiment to evaluate the effect of increased CO2 levels on monsoons. Generally, the monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 forcing are largest if extreme concentrations of carbon dioxide are used, but they are not necessarly proportional to the forcing applied. In fact, despite a common response in terms of an atmospheric water vapor increase to the atmospheric warming, two out of the six monsoons studied simulate less or equal summer mean precipitation in the 16xCO2 experiment compared to the intermediate sensitivity experiments. The precipitation differences between CO2 sensitivity experiments and CTRL have been investigated specifying the contribution of thermodynamic and purely dynamic processes. As a general rule, the differences depending on the atmospheric moisture content changes (thermodynamic component) are large and positive, and they tend to be damped by the dynamic component associated with the changes in the vertical velocity. However, differences are observed among monsoons in terms of the role played by other terms (like moisture advection and evaporation) in shaping the precipitation changes in warmer climates. The precipitation increase, even if weak, occurs despite a weakening of the mean circulation in the monsoon regions(‘‘precipitation-wind paradox’’). In particular, the tropical east-west Walker circulation is reduced, as found from velocity potential analysis. The meridional component of the monsoon circulation is changed as well, with larger (smaller) meridional (vertical) scales.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): carbon dioxide forcing ; monsoon precipitation ; coupled model experiments ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 88
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-03
    Beschreibung: The Italian strong-motion database was created during a joint project between Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV, Italian Institute for Geophysics and Vulcanology) and Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC, Italian Civil Protection). The aim of the project was the collection, homogenization and distribution of strong motion data acquired in Italy in the period 1972–2004 by different institutions, namely Ente Nazionale per l’Energia Elettrica (ENEL, Italian electricity company), Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l’Energia e l’Ambiente (ENEA, Italian energy and environment organization) and DPC. Recently the strong-motion data relative to the 23th December 2009, Parma (Mw = 5.4 and Mw = 4.9) and to the April 2009 L’Aquila sequences (13 earthquakes with 4.1 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.3) were included in the Italian Accelerometric Archive (ITACA) database (beta release). The database contains 7,038 waveforms from analog and digital instruments, generated by 1.019 earthquakes with magnitude up to 6.9 and can be accessed on-line at the web site http://itaca. mi.ingv.it. The strong motion data are provided in the unprocessed and processed versions. This article describes the steps followed to process the acceleration time series recorded by analogue and digital instruments. The procedures implemented involve: baseline removal, instrumental correction, band pass filtering with acausal filters, integration of the corrected acceleration in order to obtain velocity and displacement waveforms, computation of accel- eration response spectra and strong motion parameters. This procedure is applied to each accelerogram and it is realised to preserve the low frequency content of the records.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1175-1187
    Beschreibung: 5.2. TTC - Banche dati di sismologia strumentale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Strong motion ; processing ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 89
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this chapter, a review is given of progress to date on an intercomparison project designed to compare and evaluate the ability of climate models to generate tropical cyclones, the Tropical Cyclone climate Model Intercomparison Project(TC-MIP). Like other intercomparison projects, this project aims to evaluate climate models using common metrics in order to make suggestions regarding future development of such models.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Tropical Cyclones ; general circulation models ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
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  • 90
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper, a Bayesian procedure is implemented for the Probability Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA). The approach is general and modular incorporating all significant information relevant for the hazard assessment, such as theoretical and empirical background, analytical or numerical models, instrumental and historical data. The procedure provides the posterior probability distribution that integrates the prior probability distribution based on the physical knowledge of the process and the likelihood based on the historical data. Also, the method deals with aleatory and epistemic uncertainties incorporating in a formal way all sources of relevant uncertainty, from the tsunami generation process to the wave propagation and impact on the coasts. The modular structure of the procedure is flexible and easy to modify and/or update as long as new models and/or information are available. Finally, the procedure is applied to an hypothetical region, Neverland, to clarify the PTHA evaluation in a realistic case.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Bayesian method ; Probability Tsunami Hazard Assessment ; Run-up ; Modular structure ; Seismic sources ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 91
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: This study investigates the possible changes that the greenhouse global warming might generate in the characteristics of the tropical cyclones (TCs). The analysis has been performed using scenario climate simulations carried out with a fully coupled high-resolution global general circulation model. The capability of the model to reproduce a reasonably realistic TC climatology has been assessed by comparing the model results from a simulation of the 20th Century with observations. The model appears to be able to simulate tropical cyclone-like vortices with many features similar to the observed TCs. The simulated TC activity exhibits realistic geographical distribution, seasonal modulation and interannual variability, suggesting that the model is able to reproduce the major basic mechanisms that link the TC occurrence with the large scale circulation. The results from the climate scenarios reveal a substantial general reduction of the TC frequency when the atmospheric CO2 concentration is doubled and quadrupled. The reduction appears particularly evident for the tropical North West Pacific (NWP) and North Atlantic (ATL). In the NWP the weaker TC activity seems to be associated with a reduced amount of convective instabilities. In the ATL region the weaker TC activity seems to be due to both the increased stability of the atmosphere and a stronger vertical wind shear. Despite the generally reduced TC activity, there is evidence of increased rainfall associated with the simulated cyclones. Despite the overall warming of the tropical upper ocean and the expansion of warm SSTs to the subtropics and mid-latitudes, the action of the TCs remains well confined to the tropical region and the peak of TC number remains equatorward of 20° latitude in both Hemispheres. An extended version of this work is in available on Journal of Climate (Gualdi et al.,2008 - DOI:10.1175/2008JCLI1921.1)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 287-321
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): climate ; tropical cyclones ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
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  • 92
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We describe the mineralogy, geochemistry, and mesomicrostructure of fresh subvolcanic blocks erupted during the 5 April 2003 paroxysm of Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy). These blocks represent ∼50 vol.% of the total erupted ejecta and consist of fine- to medium-grained basaltic lithotypes ranging from relatively homogeneous dolerites to strongly or poorly welded magmatic breccias. The breccia components are represented by angular fragments of dolerites entrapped in a matrix of vesiculated (lava-like to scoriae) crystal-rich (CR) basalt. All of the studied blocks are cognates with the CR basalt of the normal Strombolian activity or lavas and they are often coated by a few-centimeter thick layer of crystal-poor (CP) basaltic pumice erupted during the paroxysm. We suggest that they result from the rapid increase of pressure and related subvolcanic rock failure that occurred shortly before the 5 April 2003 explosion, when the uppermost portion of the edifice inflated and suffered brecciation as the result of the sudden rise of the gas-rich CP basalt that triggered the eruption. Dolerites and magmatic matrix of the breccias show major and trace element compositions that match those of the CR basalts erupted during normal Strombolian activity and effusive events at Stromboli volcano. Dolerites consist of (a) phenocrysts normally found in the CR basalts and (b) late-stage magmatic minerals such as sanidine, An60-28 plagioclase, Fe–Mn-rich olivines (Fo68-48), phlogopite, apatite, and opaque mineral pairs (magnetite and ilmenite), most of which are never found both in lava flows and scoriae erupted during the persistent explosive activity that characterizes typical Strombolian behavior. Subvolcanic crystallization of the Stromboli CR magma, leading to slowly cooled equivalents of basalts, could result from transient drainage of the magma from the summit craters to lower levels. Fingering and engulfing of the material that collapsed from the summit crater floor into the shallow basaltic system during the late evening of 28 December 2002 coupled with the short break in the summit persistent explosions between December 2002 and March 2003 permitted the CR magma pockets to solidify as dolerites, which were confined to the uppermost portion of the system and thus not involved in the ongoing flank effusive activity. Crystal size distribution of the basaltic blocks and crystallization of the finer-grained (〈0.1 mm) mafic minerals of the dolerites over a time interval of ∼100 days closely agrees with the above interpretation. Vesicle filling (miarolitic cavities) locally found in some dolerites, with minerals deposited as vapor-phase crystallization is a result of continuous gas percolation through the rocks of the uppermost portion of the volcanic system. Poorly welded magmatic breccias formed during syn-eruptive processes of 5 April 2003, when the paroxysm strongly shattered the shallow subvolcanic system and many dolerite fragments were entrapped in the CR magma. In contrast, the high degree of welding between the dolerite clasts and the CR basaltic matrix in the strongly welded magmatic breccias provides a snapshot of subvolcanic intrusions of the CR basalt into the dolerite when, after a 2-month break in activity, CR magmas started to rise again to the summit craters. Blocks similar to these subvolcanic ejecta of 5 April 2003 were also erupted during previous paroxysms (e.g., 1930) suggesting that changes in the usual Strombolian activity (e.g., short breaks in the persistent mild explosions and/or flank effusive activity) lead to transient crystallization of dolerites in the shallow plumbing system.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 795-813
    Beschreibung: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Basalt ; Subvolcanic crystallization ; Dolerite ; Magmatic breccia ; Stromboli ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 93
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Natural precipitation and water samples from passive devices were collected at Mt. Vesuvius and Vulcano Island, Italy, during the period 2004–2006, in order to investigate its possible interactions with fumarolic gases. Evidence of chemical reactions between fumarolic fluids and rain samples before and after its deposition into the sampling devices was found at Vulcano Island. Very low pH values (down to 2.5) and significant amounts of chlorine and sulfate (up to 22 mEq/l) were measured at sampling points located close to the fumarolic field. In contrast, anthropogenic contributions and/or dissolution of aerosols (both maritime and continental) influence the chemistry of rainwaters at Mt. Vesuvius, which show inter-annual variations that are highly consistent with those recorded at the coastal site at Vulcano Island. Chemistry of waters directly exposed to fumarolic fluids may then give useful information about its temporal evolution, holding the signal of the ‘‘maximum’’ chemical event occurred in the meanwhile. In addition, the observation of the health status of vegetation colonizing the immediate surroundings of the fumarolic fields, due to its strong dependence on the interactions with these fluids, may work as a possible biomarker of volcanic activity
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Geochemistry ; Precipitation ; Fumarole ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 94
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In the last years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems have become very attractive for various commercial, industrial, public, scientific, and military operations. Potential tasks include pipeline inspection, dam surveillance, photogrammetric survey, infrastructure maintenance, inspection of flooded areas, fire fighting, terrain monitoring, volcano observations, and any utilization which requires land recognition with cameras or other sensors. The flying capabilities provided by UAVs require a welltrained pilot to be fully and effectively exploited; moreover the flight range of the piloted helicopter is limited to the line-of-sight or the skill of the pilot to detect and follow the orientation of the helicopter. Such issues are even more important considering that the vehicle will carry and operate automatically a camera used for a photogrammetric survey. All this has motivated research and design for autonomous guidance of the vehicle which could both stabilize and guide the helicopter precisely along a reference path. The constant growth of research programs and the technological progress in the field of navigation systems, as denoted by the production of more and more performing global positioning systems integrated with inertial navigation sensors, allowed a strong cost reduction and payload miniaturization, making the design of low-cost UAV platforms more feasible and attractive. In this paper, we present the results of a flight simulation system developed for the setup of the vehicle’s servos, which our autonomous guidance system, as well as the module for camera photogrammetric image acquisition and synchronization, will be based on. Building a simulated environment allows to evaluate in advance what the main issues of a complex control system are to avoid damage of fragile and expensive instruments as the ones mounted on a model helicopter and to test methods for synchronization of the camera with flight parameters.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 85-95
    Beschreibung: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): UAV ; Model helicopter ; Kalman filter ; MEMS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 95
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Panarea volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) was considered extinct until November 3, 2002, when a submarine gas eruption began in the area of the islets of Lisca Bianca, Bottaro, Lisca Nera, Dattilo, and Panarelli, about 2.5 km east of Panarea Island. The gas eruption decreased to a state of low degassing by July 2003. Before 2002, the activity of Panarea volcano was characterized by mild degassing of hydrothermal fluid. The compositions of the 2002 gases and their isotopic signatures suggested that the emissions originated from a hydrothermal/geothermal reservoir fed by magmatic fluids. We investigate crustal deformation of Panarea volcano using the global positioning system (GPS) velocity field obtained by the combination of continuous and episodic site observations of the Panarea GPS network in the time span 1995–2007. We present a combined model of Okada sources, which explains the GPS results acquired in the area from December 2002. The kinematics of Panarea volcano show two distinct active crustal domains characterized by different styles of horizontal deformation, supported also by volcanological and structural evidence. Subsidence on order of several millimeters/year is affecting the entire Panarea volcano, and a shortening of 10−6 year−1 has been estimated in the Islets area. Our model reveals that the degassing intensity and distribution are strongly influenced by geophysical-geochemical changes within the hydrothermal/geothermal system. These variations may be triggered by changes in the regional stress field as suggested by the geophysical and volcanological events which occurred in 2002 in the Southern Tyrrhenian area.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 609-621
    Beschreibung: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): GPS monitoring ; Model ; Gas eruption ; Active volcanism ; Aeolian arc ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 96
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The Irpinia Seismic Network (ISNet) is deployed in Southern Apennines along the active fault system responsible for the 1980, November 23, MS 6.9 Campania-Lucania earthquake. It is comprised of 28 stations and covers an area of about 100x70 km2. Each site is equipped with a 1-g full-scale accelerometer and a short-period velocimeter. Thanks to its design characteristics, i.e. the wide dynamic recording range and the high density of stations, the ISNet network is mainly devoted to estimating in real-time the earthquake location and magnitude from low- to high- magnitude events, and to providing ground-motion parameters to get some insights about the ground shaking expected. Moreover, the availability of high-quality data allows studying the source processes related to the seismogenetic structures in the area. The network layout, the data communication system and protocols and the main instrumental features are described in the paper. Most of the data analysis is performed through the Earthworm software package, that also provides the automatic earthquake locations, while custom software has been developed for real-time computation of the source parameters and shaking maps. Technical details about these procedures are given in the article. The data collected at the ISNet stations are available upon request.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1105-1129
    Beschreibung: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): early warning ; real time seismology ; Irpinia region ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 97
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In the present work we analyse one of the active normal faults affecting the central Apennines, i.e. the Mt. Morrone normal fault system. This tectonic structure, which comprises two parallel, NW-SE trending fault segments, is considered as potentially responsible for earthquakes of magnitude C 6.5 and its last activation probably occurred during the second century AD. Structural observations performed along the fault planes have allowed to define the mainly normal kinematics of the tectonic structure, fitting an approximately N 20 trending extensional deformation. Geological and geomorphological investigations performed along the whole Mt. Morrone south-western slopes permitted us to identify the displacement of alluvial fans, attributed to Middle and Late Pleistocene by means of tephro-stratigraphic analyses and geomorphological correlations with dated lacustrine sequences, along the western fault branch. This allowed to evaluate in 0.4 ± 0.07 mm/year the slip rate of this segment. On the other hand, the lack of synchronous landforms and/or deposits that can be correlated across the eastern fault segment prevented the definition of the slip rate related to this fault branch. Nevertheless, basing on a critical review of the available literature dealing with normal fault systems evolution, we hypothesised a total slip rate of the fault system in the range of 0.4 ± 0.07 to 0.8 ± 0.09 mm/year. Moreover, basing on the length at surface of the Mt. Morrone fault system (i.e. 22–23 km) we estimated the maximum expected magnitude of an earthquake that might originate along this tectonic structure in the order of 6.6–6.7.
    Beschreibung: Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Nazionale
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Active fault ; Slip rate ; Maximum expected magnitude ; Continental stratigraphy ; Sulmona basin ; Central Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 98
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The South Atlantic magnetic Anomaly (SAA) is an important feature of the present geomagnetic field. In this paper we model the space-time evolution of this anomaly for the last 400 years in terms of the resultant between a decrease of a global axial dipole and an increase of a virtual local monopole source. Some characteristics of this evolution are investigated and some considerations are made on the light of a possible special state of the global geomagnetic field dynamical regime. Among the possible speculations, one is made regarding the topography of the core-mantle boundary (CMB) and its possible aspect underneath the SAA region in terms of simple sinusoidal undulations met by the monopole source during its centennial motion.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 1.6. Osservazioni di geomagnetismo
    Beschreibung: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): South Atlantic Anomaly ; equivalent monopole source ; Earth core topography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 99
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Moderate-magnitude shallow earthquakes in the Atlantic Ocean, hundreds of kilometres southwest of Lisbon, can generate efficient suboceanic Rayleigh waves (SRW) that are well recorded in Portugal. Here we compare moderate-size earthquakes recorded by seismic stations in Portugal with the Tyrrhenian Sea earthquakes recorded in peninsular Italy where SRW were recently observed. In spite of a different behaviour of high frequencies due to the different tectonic setting of the two areas, similar results are found in the intermediate-period range, suggesting that this effect, if extrapolated to a magnitude larger than 8, could be devastating at regional distance in terms of ground motion amplitude and duration. Through 1D models, we explore the hypothesis that the high level of destruction and the long duration of shaking felt during the Great 1755 Lisbon earthquake were caused by SRW. In this preliminary study, we check the role of critical model parameters. We find that duration and amplitude are largest when the average thickness of the water layer is 2 km and shear-wave velocity of the ocean floor is close to the speed of sound in the water. Both conditions are realistic for a source in the Atlantic Ocean, few hundreds of kilometres southwest of Lisbon. Moreover, the propagation of SRW at regional distances accounts for durations of more than ten minutes as the effect of a single large earthquake.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 283-295
    Beschreibung: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): ground motion ; surface waves ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: On 30 December 2002, a 25-30 × 106 m3 landslide on the NW flank of Stromboli volcano produced a tsunami that caused relevant damage to the Stromboli village and to the neighboring islands of the Aeolian archipelago. The NW flank of Stromboli has been the site of several, cubic kilometer-scale, landslides during the past 13 ka. In this paper we present sedimentological and compositional data of deep-sea cores recovered from a site located about 24 km north of the island. Our preliminary results indicate that: (i) turbidity currents were effectively generated by the large-scale failures and (ii) volcanogenic turbidity current deposits retain clues of the landslide source and slope failure dynamics. By analogy with Hawaii and the Canary islands we confirm that deep-sea sediments can be effectively used to assess the age and scale of past landslide events giving an important contribution to the tsunami hazard assessment of this region.
    Beschreibung: Unpublished
    Beschreibung: -
    Beschreibung: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Beschreibung: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Landslide ; turbidite ; tsunami ; Stromboli ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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