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  • Articles  (1,929)
  • Nature America Inc.  (1,929)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (1,929)
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  • 1
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 12-13 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The Chinese National State Planning Commission announced in November that it will invest RMB 200 million (US$ 24 million) over two years in the Beijing National Center for Biochip Design and Engineering (NCBDE). Observers think the effort, with its experienced director and focus on ...
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  • 2
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 15-15 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The European Parliament has approved a set of amendments to directive 68/193 covering the marketing of material for the vegetative propagation of the vine to include vines that are genetically modified. Although the draft doesn't mark any real change in European legislation with respect to GMOs, ...
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  • 3
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 17-18 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Over the past 15 years, antisense oligonucleotides have been widely used for artificially regulating gene expression through RNA targeting. One class of these, the phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides, were originally developed as nuclease-resistant alternatives to phosphodiester oligomers, ...
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  • 4
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 20-21 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Tumors require the continuing formation of new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients, as well as endocrine and paracrine growth-enabling factors, to fuel their expansion and dissemination. Conversely, inhibition of angiogenesis can retard experimental tumor growth and metastasis, a ...
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  • 5
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 25-28 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] In the past few decades, technological innovations have created a society where most forms of work are lighter, travel less strenuous, and lifestyles more sedentary. Add to this the overconsumption of food, in particular high-fat convenience foods, and you have the perfect recipe for a ...
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We describe a technique for the treatment of malignant brain tumors based on local delivery of the anti-angiogenic protein endostatin from genetically engineered cells encapsulated in ultrapure sodium alginate. Alginate consists of L-guluronic and D-mannuronic acid, which in the presence of ...
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Antisense oligonucleotides are designed to specifically hybridize to a target messenger RNA (mRNA) and interfere with the synthesis of the encoded protein. Uniformly modified oligonucleotides containing N3′–P5′ phosphoramidate linkages exhibit (NP) extremely high-affinity ...
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is perhaps the most widely used technique in cancer genetics. In primary tumors, however, the analysis of LOH is fraught with technical problems that have limited its reproducibility and interpretation. In particular, tumors are mixtures of neoplastic ...
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  • 9
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 7-7 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Nanomolar concentrations of lead can be harmful to health, but current forms of detection are relatively insensitive and require sophisticated off-site analysis. Now, Jing Li and colleague Yi Lu have developed a DNA-based lead “probe” that can detect levels of the toxic metal ion ...
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  • 10
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 83-84 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] China is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.2 billion people—a staggering consumer market for pharmaceutical and biotechnology products. With a fast-growing economy based on the government's drive for economic reform and modernization, China has in recent years twice revised ...
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  • 11
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 86-87 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] 1. Getting it together. Test your memory of events in mergers and acquisitions: (a) What business did Celltech (Leatherhead, UK) get from Medeva (Leatherhead, UK) and then pass on to PowderJect Pharmaceuticals (Oxford, UK) before it got people hopping mad in October? (b) Abgenix (Fremont, CA) ...
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  • 12
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] On page 40, Faria et al. establish the mechanism of action of N3′-P5′ phosphoramidate (NP) oligonucleotides, which belong to a new generation of antisense reagents that have considerable promise as therapeutic reagents, as shown in a number of in vivo studies. Their extremely high ...
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  • 13
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 12-12 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Biogeneric manufacturer GeneMedix (Esher, UK) raised almost £20 million ($30 million) when it listed on the London and Singapore stock exchanges at the end of November. GeneMedix is the first biotechnology company to list in Singapore, attracted by the government's strong support of ...
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  • 14
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 13-14 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] An English Court of Appeals decision in November held that Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA) has a valid license to critical DNA microarray technology developed by Oxford Gene Technology (OGT; Oxford, UK). If upheld in the house of Lords, the UK's highest court, the decision effectively prohibits OGT ...
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  • 15
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 15-16 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A European Commission-funded study of Public Perceptions of Agricultural Biotechnology in Europe (PABE) will be published this month. It finds that the public's reaction to GMOs has been influenced by the misassumption—on the parts of not only regulatory authorities, scientists, and industry, ...
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  • 16
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 22-23 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Twenty-five years ago, Peter Duesberg isolated and characterized the first viral oncogene—the principal base on which the predominant, current gene mutation theory of cancer rests. During the past five years, Duesberg has been applying a similar determination investigating an alternative ...
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  • 17
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 3-3 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] At a recent international gathering of biosafety researchers, a European scientist overheard our American dialects and commented dryly, “I didn't think you Yanks cared about this sort of thing [biosafety].” There is, unfortunately, a grain of truth in that statement. However, we do ...
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  • 18
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 5-5 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The supervisory board of Aventis SA (Strasbourg, France) revealed plans in November to divest the agricultural business Aventis CropScience (Lyon, France) by the end of 2001 in order to focus on pharmaceuticals, which accounts for 75% of the parent business. The divestment may take the form of an ...
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  • 19
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 6-6 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] There is a box associated with this article, available ...
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] In nuclear transgenic plants, expression of multiple genes requires introduction of individual genes and time-consuming subsequent backcrosses to reconstitute multi-subunit proteins or pathways, a problem that is compounded by variable expression levels. In order to accomplish expression of ...
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  • 21
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 7-7 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The first complete sequence of a plant genome was published last month, bringing to an end a four-year effort by the Arabidopsis sequencing consortium. Last month's Nature (408, 816–826, 2000) provides the genome sequences of chromosomes 1, 3, and 5 of thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), ...
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  • 22
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 85-85 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] There is a box assoicated with this article, available ...
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  • 23
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 7-7 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A new gene therapy approach may overcome the problem of cleavage of proinsulin into active insulin for treatment of autoimmune type I diabetes. Researchers from Korea and Canada have engineered a liver-targeting recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) that expresses a single-chain insulin analog ...
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  • 24
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 88-88 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Dynavax Technologies (Berkeley, CA) has named three new vice presidents: Robert Lee Coffman as vice president and chief scientific officer (CSO); Stephen F. Tuck as vice president, biopharmaceutical development; and Gary Van Nest as vice president, preclinical research. Dr. Coffman was most ...
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  • 25
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 89-89 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Antibodies Cancer antigens Zymed offers eight monoclonal antibodies against cancer antigens CA 15-3 for breast cancer, CA 19-9 for colorectal and pancreatic cancer, CA 125 for non-mucinous ovarian cancer, and CA 72.4 for a variety of human adenocarcinomas. The Mabs are relatively tumor-specific ...
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  • 26
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Mastitis, a kind of infection of mammary tissue, costs the US dairy industry billions annually, and extracts an uncalculable cost in animal suffering. On page 66, Kerr et al. demonstrate a possible biotechnology solution: transgenic mice that secrete in their own milk a potent antibacterial ...
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  • 27
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Of the many thousands of genes encoding proteins of unknown function, the most enigmatic are the “silent” ones—those that exhibit no detectable phenotype when deleted from the genome. On page 45, Raamsdonk et al. show that, at least in yeast, gene function can be accurately ...
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  • 28
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 9-9 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Catalytic RNA is increasingly viewed as a promising drug target, particularly in that some catalyze activities specific to microorganisms and viruses. On page 56, Jenne et al. describe a fluorescence-based assay to find inhibitors of such catalytic RNA. They used a high-throughput FRET-based assay ...
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  • 29
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Once upon a time, or at least we like to imagine, the formal academic research paper served as a forum for free exchange of scientific data and ideas. There were no restraints on access to data or methodology. There were no page constraints or color charges for papers. Materials could be obtained ...
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  • 30
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A large proportion of the 6,000 genes present in the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and of those sequenced in other organisms, encode proteins of unknown function. Many of these genes are “silent,” that is, they show no overt phenotype, in terms of growth rate or other fluxes, ...
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  • 31
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 5-5 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] &cirf; UK civil servants prove themselves as adept as ever at handling potentially sensitive genetic modification issues. In the run up to the trial of four people accused of vandalizing crops in Scotland, Mae-Wan Ho of the Institute of Science in Society (London) announced at a press conference ...
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  • 32
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 5-5 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] US Federal officials have settled a civil lawsuit with David Blech, barring the former biotechnology financier from being associated with a broker or dealer. In the early 1990s, Blech bankrolled such startup firms as GeneMedicine (Woodlands, TX), Incyte Genomics (Palo Alto, CA), and Guilford ...
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  • 33
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] High-throughput technologies for detecting SNPs require knowledge of sequence information, and alternatives for scanning without such information rely on cumbersome, gel-based methods. On page 51, Nakatani et al. provide an alternative. They have isolated small molecules called dimeric ...
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  • 34
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 11-11 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] US regulatory officials continued to wrestle in December with a request from Aventis CropScience (Research Triangle Park, NC) to permit limited human consumption of its StarLink corn. Although the company has been removing products that contain StarLink from the food supply, Aventis representatives ...
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  • 35
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 18-19 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Although some 1.6 million human single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been found in the human genome and deposited to public databases, as of November 2000, there is still a great need for identifying unknown DNA sequence variations. This is particularly important in positional cloning studies ...
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  • 36
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 21-22 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] It has been only seven years since the green fluorescent protein (GFP) of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria was first shown to retain its fluorescent properties when expressed in a wide variety of cells and organisms. Because neither cell fixation nor disruption is required to detect GFP, it has ...
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  • 37
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    Notes: [Auszug] Research studies suggest that tumor-related angiogenesis contributes to the phenotype of malignant gliomas. We assessed the effect of local delivery of the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin on human glioma cell line (U-87MG) xenografts. Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells were stably transfected ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 5-5 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Proteomics company Oxford GlycoSciences (Oxford, UK) has signed a deal with Glaxo Wellcome (Greenford, UK) to identify biomarkers—proteins whose expression change during illness. Biomarkers can be used not only to detect and monitor a disease, but also to improve the design and assessment of ...
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  • 39
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    Notes: [Auszug] Infection of the mammary gland, in addition to causing animal distress, is a major economic burden of the dairy industry. Staphylococcus aureus is the major contagious mastitis pathogen, accounting for approximately 15–30% of infections, and has proved difficult to control using standard ...
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  • 40
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 6-6 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The French government has proposed changes to its 1994 Bioethics law to allow research on human embryos and facilitate the development of new therapies from work on embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Under the amended law, researchers will be able to derive stem cells from “spare” embryos ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 7-7 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Cells generated from bone marrow transplants can migrate from the circulation into the brain and differentiate into neurons, according to a report in Science (290, 1779–1782, 2000). Spurred on by evidence that bone marrow cells can transform into glial cells, Éva Mezey and her ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 7-7 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Scientists have traditionally relied on consortia of bacteria to degrade nasty mixtures of chlorinated hydrocarbons that often are recalcitrant environmental contaminants. Now, a team of German researchers has isolated a bacterium that is capable of degrading chlorobenzenes in isolation (Nature ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
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    Notes: [Auszug] On page 78, Zhou et al. describe a technique for scoring loss of heterozygosity in tumors. They used fluorescent molecular beacons and “digital PCR” to detect SNP loci for which the patient was heterozygous, and applied likelihood techniques to ask whether the markers were lost through ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 9-9 
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    Notes: [Auszug] On page 62, Jenison et al. describe a biosensor for detecting nucleic acid targets present at only attomolar concentrations. The detector comprises a set of oligonucleotide probes bound to a silicon-based surface that can hybridize to specific nucleic acid targets. Bound nucleic acids are then ...
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  • 45
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 62-65 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] Sequence-specific detection of polynucleotides typically requires modified reporter probes that are labeled with radioactive, fluorescent, or luminescent moieties. Although these detection methods are capable of high sensitivity, they require instrumentation for signal detection. In certain ...
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  • 46
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 6-6 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The Campaign for Responsible Transplantation (CRT; New York) filed a lawsuit late in November against the FDA claiming officials are withholding information on xenotransplantation research. Following Freedom of Information Act requests that began last March, CRT director Alix Fano has been leading ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 6-6 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Conflicts of interest between collaborating academics and private firms are both common and poorly regulated by university officials, according to two new studies (NEJM, 343, 1621, 2000). The first, conducted by researchers at the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), looked at the top ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 6-6 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The first deadline for proposals for a new bacterial genome research initiative in Germany is January 8. Over the next three years, Germany's federal ministry of education and science (BMBF) plans to distribute up to 40 million DM ($US 17.4 million) evenly between three networks comprising ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 75-78 
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    Notes: [Auszug] We show here that the number of single-chain antibody fragments (scFv) presented on filamentous phage particles generated with antibody display phagemids can be increased by more than two orders of magnitude by using a newly developed helper phage (hyperphage). Hyperphage have a wild-type pIII ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Phage display of antibody libraries is an undeniably powerful technique for isolating highly specific antibodies. However, in the most widely used systems only a small percentage of the phage population carries an antibody, so the libraries are large and unwieldy to screen. On page 75, Rondot et ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 8-8 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In this issue two groups, Read et al. (see p. 29) and Joki et al. (see p. 35) describe a strategy for sustained delivery of the anti-angiogenic agent, endostatin, to tumors. Both groups engineered cells to express endostatin and then encapsulated them in sodium alginate, forming beads, an ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 9-9 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Most agronomic traits result from the action of several genes, so efficient strategies to express multiple genes in transgenic plants are sorely needed, and not at all trivial undertakings. In this issue, Daniell and colleagues show a way to stably integrate into the chloroplast genome the entire ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 51-55 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Here we have designed and synthesized ligands that specifically bind with high affinity (Kd = 53 nM) to the guanine (G)–guanine mismatch, one of four types of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Detection of the G-G mismatch was performed by a surface plasmon resonance ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] The ability to rapidly identify small molecules that interact with RNA would have significant clinical and research applications. Low-molecular-weight molecules that bind to RNA have the potential to be used as drugs. Therefore, technologies facilitating the rapid and reliable identification of ...
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    Nature biotechnology 19 (2001), S. 5-5 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Current US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for long term followup are unfeasible for trial sponsors and patients, especially individual investigators on five-year NIH grants and less well-financed biotechnology companies. So concluded the Biological Response Modifiers Advisory Committee ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 911-911 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Gene therapy specialist, Targeted Genetics (Seattle, WA) is to buy another gene therapy company, Genovo (Philadelphia, PA) in a stock swap valued at nearly $90 million. The acquisition brings Targeted a new partner, Biogen (Cambridge, MA), which has paid Genovo nearly $40 million ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 929-930 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Our bony skeletons provide the structural girders and mechanical support that allow our limbs and bodies to move freely in a gravitational universe. The repair of bony defects resulting from surgery, trauma, or abnormal development falls generally into the purview of orthopedics. Orthopedic ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 943-944 
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    Notes: [Auszug] A recent survey of the Canadian public reveals a strong association between attitudes toward cloning and attitudes to biotechnology. The data also provide insights into the factors that contribute to public ambivalence to new technology and some surprising information on the effect of scientific ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] Immunity to tumors as well as to viral and bacterial pathogens is often mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Thus, the ability to induce a strong cell-mediated immune response is an important requirement of novel immunotherapies. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 1012-1012 
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    Notes: [Auszug] MetaMorphix (Baltimore, MD) has announced that John R. Block and Gerald Welch have joined the company's board of directors. Mr. Block is president of Food Distributors International and was formerly US Secretary of Agriculture from 1981 to 1986. Mr. Welch was an executive vice president with ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 905-905 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Structural genomics is biotechnology's newest thing, apparently—we said as much as far back as June 1998 (Nat. Biotechnol. 16, 595), and Nat. Struct. Biol. is devoting an entire supplement to it in November. Private investors have now caught on: they recently gave US startup Structural ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 911-911 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Members of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA; Washington, DC) Advisory Committee on Agricultural Biotechnology (ACAB) played host in July to another round in the hot debate over the “terminator” technology, which is patented jointly by USDA and the seed company, Delta & Pine ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 911-911 
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    Notes: [Auszug] On August 4, Monsanto (now part of Pharmacia Corp, Peapack, NJ) announced unconditional royalty-free licenses to its technologies used in the development of GoldenRice, a genetically modified rice variety enriched with Vitamin A precursors. Developed by Ingo Potrykus (Swiss Federal Institute of ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 815-815 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Different combinatorial strategies have been employed to generate antibodies with novel specificities. On page 852, Söderlind et al. describe a new approach in which antibody framework regions are combined with sequences encoding in vivo-formed complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 817-818 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Genentech (S. San Francisco, CA) has announced disappointing phase II trial results of its anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies in treating heart attacks. Preliminary analysis of the data in June showed the antibody failed to meet its primary objective of improved coronary blood flow 90 minutes after ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 920-920 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In mid August, officials from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; Washington, DC) laid out plans for a comprehensive reassessment of all currently registered, commercial varieties of corn and cotton genetically engineered to express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-specified insecticidal genes. ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 825-826 
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    Notes: [Auszug] As the inventory of cloned genes and entire genomes grows exponentially, we are acquiring the ability to harness and manipulate biosynthetic pathways in native and heterologous hosts. Nowhere is this more evident than in natural product biosynthesis. Recent successes in incorporating the ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 828-829 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The cross-fertilization of biology, chemistry, and materials science is opening up tremendous opportunities for innovation in previously unrelated disciplines such as electronics and information processing. The extraordinary recognition capability of biomolecules has suggested their use as a ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] Tissue engineering of human bone is a complex process, as the functional development of bone cells requires that regulatory signals be temporally and spatially ordered. The role of three-dimensional cellular interactions is well understood in embryonic osteogenesis, but in vitro correlates are ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 980-983 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The side chain of the antifungal antibiotic ansatrienin A from Streptomyces collinus contains a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (CHC)-derived moiety. This moiety is also observed in trace amounts of ω-cyclohexyl fatty acids (typically less than 1% of total fatty acids) produced by S. collinus. ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 984-988 
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    Notes: [Auszug] This study describes the use of the CD8/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I crystal structure as a template for the de novo design of low-molecular-weight surface mimetics. The analogs were designed from a local surface region on the CD8 α-chain directly adjacent to the bound MHC ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 700-700 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The world's first futures market for non-GM soybeans opened on May 19 at the Tokyo Grain Exchange, with the first day's trade fetching ¥29,400 (US$280) per ton—¥3,400 (US$32) higher than the “undifferentiated” variety comprising a mixture of GM and non-GM ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 702-702 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Methods for generating T cells in vitro from human CD34+ typically have been cumbersome and yielded few mature T cells. Now on page 729, Poznansky et al. have used a biocompatible three-dimensional carbon matrix to engineer an artificial thymus for T-cell production. First, they seeded matrices ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 811-811 
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 703-703 
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    Notes: [Auszug] On page 764, Vo-Dinh et al. describe an antibody-based fiberoptic nanoprobe for measuring the intracellular concentration of a fluorescent molecule, benzopyrene tetrol (BPT). BPT is produced by humans after exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a molecule of environmental and toxicological interest ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 709-709 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Officials in the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS; Washington, DC), led by HHS Secretary Donna Shalala, announced several new measures in late May to better protect individuals who participate in clinical research and to strengthen federal oversight of researchers and institutions ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 709-709 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Also in June, the HHS set up a new Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP; Washington, DC) to help implement the patient protection measures announced by Donna Shalala. OHRP replaces the Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR) that was part of the National Institutes of Health. Last ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 710-711 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) is expected to vote in the next few weeks on a Senate bill that would extend the patent life of some biotechnology process patents held by nonprofit organizations. The legislation is designed to extend the life of a Columbia University (New York) process ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 723-727 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Rapid advances are being made in the engineering of replication-competent viruses to treat cancer. Adenovirus is a mildly pathogenic human virus that propagates prolifically in epithelial cells, the origin of most human cancers. While virologists have revealed many details about its molecular ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 740-745 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Identification of genes that encode essential products provides a promising approach to validation of new antibacterial drug targets. We have developed a mariner-based transposon, TnAraOut, that allows efficient identification and characterization of essential genes by transcriptionally fusing them ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 820-820 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The deadline for the European Union (EU) member states to alter their national law in line with the EU 98/44 directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions was July 30, but France is refusing to comply. Even though France originally ratified the directive, opponents within the ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 821-822 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In early July, British Biotech's (Oxford, UK) annual results were released and, to the relief of investors, the company had cut its annual losses by more than 36% to £25.4 million ($38 million). For the past few years, the name of British Biotech has been synonymous with the oral ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 1129-1129 
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    Notes: [Auszug] A team of scientists at The Scripps Research Institute and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology have alighted on a photochemical phenomenon with significant potential for fluorescent labeling of analytes in diagnostics and clinical applications (Science 290, 307–313, 2000). Complexes ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 827-828 
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    Notes: [Auszug] A recent paper in Science by Clarke et al. adds another piece to the puzzle that is the “stem cell.” It joins a series of other reports from the past two years suggesting that mammalian cells with exceptional and unanticipated capacities to mature into a broad range of phenotypes ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 831-833 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Eighty-four biopharmaceuticals are now in general medical use (see Table 1). Some 60 million patients worldwide thus far have benefited from these drugs, and the industry's global market value currently stands in excess of $12 billion. According to present estimates, around 500 ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 1134-1135 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Identifying drug response and disease susceptibility in individuals revolves around the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or changes to single bases within genes, but two papers published recently support the theory that the grouping and interaction of several SNPs in ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 1135-1135 
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    Notes: [Auszug] A draft act on human genome research was introduced in Estonia's Parliament on 20 September. The act is designed to win public support for the Estonian Genome Project (EGP) by ensuring that genetic information cannot be misused. Planning of the EGP began in March with an agreement between the ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 795-796 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The 18-month publication provisions of the American Inventors Protection Act of 1999 will take effect later this year. With certain exceptions, any patent application filed or pending in the US on or after November 29, 2000 will be subject to publication. This is not really a new development for ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 799-799 
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    Notes: [Auszug] ... In a sense, scientists have it easy. To get their point across, they don't have to make it up as they go along. There are rules, procedures, and standards—falsifiability and replicability among the most important—designed to allow others to judge the merits of their scientific ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 800-800 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Mark Boguski has been named senior vice president of R&D at Rosetta Inpharmatics (Kirkland, WA). Dr. Boguski is one of the founding members of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and an adjunct professor in the department of molecular biology and genetics at the Johns ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 911-911 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The Australia New Zealand Food Standards Council (ANZFSC) has set new rules stipulating that foods containing even a trace of “novel” DNA or protein must be labeled, as must foods with altered characteristics. However, the Council has allowed some exemptions: highly refined foods, such ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 913-913 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Current viral vectors for gene therapy have many disadvantages: they cannot efficiently infect certain types of cells, they often stimulate an immune response, and they do not typically accommodate large genes. Nay-Wei Soong and colleagues now have developed a general strategy for creating ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 913-913 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] By deriving mast cells in vitro from genetically manipulated embryonic stem cells, a team of researchers have overcome the problem of analyzing embryonic lethal mutations. The work also paves the way for tissue engineering, in which highly differentiated cell types could be generated in vitro and ...
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 913-913 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Ronald Evans and colleagues at the Salk Institute (La Jolla, CA) report the first transgenic mouse that can sense and react metabolically to human toxins (Nature 406, 435–439, 2000). Animal species respond differently to foreign substances, an observation that prompted the researchers to ...
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  • 95
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 914-914 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Gene therapy to replace the defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a potential strategy for treating cystic fibrosis. However, gene transfer to airway epithelial cells by current gene therapy vectors is inefficient, making the clinical benefit of such an approach ...
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 914-914 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] On page 989, De Wildt et al. demonstrate that arrays can be applied to the high-throughput screening of recombinant antibodies. The authors first selected from a phage display library antibodies that bound to tubes coated with antigen, and then used robotics to array the selected clones onto ...
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  • 97
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    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 923-924 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The leaders of the eight most economically powerful nations failed to agree on a position regarding genetically modified foods at their annual G-8 meeting, held in July in Okinawa, Japan. The ambiguously titled “Biotechnology/Food Safety” portion of their final communiqué ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 925-927 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] In perpetual search of better therapies for human afflictions, humankind is scouring the surrounding biosphere for plant- and animal-derived remedies. As it turns out, transplantation of living cells offers particularly rich possibilities. Cells can be grafted to replace lost cells, provide ...
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    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 932-933 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] DNA microarrays are powerful tools for understanding the functional relationships between the large sets of genes now populating various genome databases. But despite their obvious value in gene expression profiling, such arrays reveal relatively little information about the final concentrations of ...
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    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Data from the fourth Eurobarometer survey carried out in November 1999 suggest that Europeans have become increasingly opposed to genetically modified (GM) foods, but remain supportive of medical and environmental applications of biotechnology. In general, where the public perceives genuine ...
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