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  • Cambridge University Press  (5,523)
  • 1960-1964  (3,736)
  • 1950-1954  (1,787)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CQY volume 20 Cover and Front matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S030574100004830X
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Klaus, MehnertEdward, CrankshawAlexander, Dallin: Peking and MoscowThe New Cold War: Moscow v. PekinDiversity in International Communism: A Documentary Record : London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1963Penguin Books, 1963New York and London, Columbia University Press, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000048372
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Merwin, Wallace C.; Jones, Francis P.: Documents of the Three-Self Movement : New York, National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000048384
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CQY volume 19 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042089
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pitfalls in the use of China's Foreign Trade Statistics (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 47-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: There has been an impression among students of China that foreign trade data published by Peking are generally more reliable and accurate than its other statistics. This confidence is based on the following grounds. First, since the early years of the régime most foreign trade has been handled by a small number of state companies under the Foreign Trade Ministry. These companies are large in size and well organised, hence they must have respectable accounting and statistical systems. The exports and imports by private firms existing in the early 1950s were recorded by the customs office. Therefore, foreign trade turnovers for the period as a whole are relatively complete and free from serious errors. Secondly, since foreign trade always involves other countries as trading partners, which usually publish their trade statistics in great detail, it is unwise, if not impossible, for the Chinese authorities to falsify their own foreign trade statistics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042119
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Indonesian Communist Party and the Conflict in the International Communist Movement (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 99-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Until late in 1961, the leaders of the Indonesian Communist Party gave no public indication of the conflict within the international Communist movement. That they were aware of the worsening dispute is evident: for example, from 1958 to 1961, inclusive, they sent an average of five delegations to the Sino-Soviet bloc each year. But they chose to concentrate their energy on strengthening and guiding their own Party. This they had built into the largest Communist Party outside the bloc, with a membership at the end of 1961 of almost two millions, and with a network of mass organisations claiming over ten million members. After the Twenty-second Soviet Party Congress, however, the existence of conflict was public knowledge. D. N. Aidit, the Chairman of the Indonesian Communist Party, who had led his Party's delegation to the congress, felt compelled to explain the Party's position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042144
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Maoist in France: Jacques Vergès and Revolution (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 120-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: What mild men revolutionaries are! That is the impression I jotted down after a talk late in March 1964 with Jacques Vergès, managing editor of the review Révolution. This periodical, No. 9 of which was published in May, is the best-produced and most effective publication of the pro-Chinese movement in France. Thanks to its English edition and forthcoming Spanish edition, the review's field of action stretches from France to Africa and even to the American continent. Révolution, with its articles contributed from all parts of the world, is looking more and more like a liaison journal for the groups and movements of the Maoist International now coming into existence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042156
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contributors (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 202-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042235
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General de Gaulle's Recognition of Peking (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: On January 27 a communiqué was issued in Paris and Peking which read, somewhat baldly:The Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the French Republic have decided in mutual agreement to establish diplomatic relations.For this purpose, the two Governments have agreed to appoint their ambassadors within three months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041965
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Mao at Seventy” (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 214-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042004
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterson, George N.: Peking Versus Delhi : London, Faber and Faber, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 225-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042041
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lamb, AlistairW. Fisher, Margaret; O. Rose, Leo; A. Huttenback, RobertKarnik, V. B.: The China-India Border: The Origins of the Disputed BoundariesHimalayan BattlegroundChina Invades India.Chinese Aggression and India: : London, Published for the Royal Institute of International Affairs by Oxford University Press, 1964London, New York. Pall Mall Press, 1963Bombay, Allied Publishers, 1963London, Asia Publishing House, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S030574100004203X
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CQY volume 17 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S030574100004162X
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    China's “New Economic Policy”—Transition or Beginning (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 65-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Until a short time ago, it appeared that much of what was going on in China could be characterised by the cynical aphorism plus ça change plus c'est la même chose. Many things became manifest in the country that were reminiscent of themes centuries old. China had gone through two radical phases, one during the First Five-Year Plan period when the Chinese Communists tried to repeat the Soviet experience of industrialisation, and the second during the Great Leap Forward when they used their own mobilisational means to try to achieve economic break-through. The ninth Plenum in January 1961 called a dramatic halt to the extreme policies of the Great Leap Forward, and launched a period that bears strong similarities to the N.E.P. (New Economic Policy) period of the early 1920s in the Soviet Union. Many traditional patterns that were effaced during the years of radicalism began to reappear. There was talk of the need “to study very well traditional economic relationships.” It seemed that for a while the leadership had decided that only a truly voluntary response from below, and not coercion of any sort, could rescue China from the morass in which it found itself. But as of the time of the writing of this article, there are ominous signs that China may be approaching another “1928.” The Party drums are rolling once again, and the themes are not those of the N.E.P., but more like those which preceded the great Soviet collectivisation drive of 1928. During the last few years, the leadership made no attempt to hide the facts of China's poverty and isolation. But now a new note of defiance, of toughness has crept out. Where it will lead is hard to say.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041679
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the Location of China's Steel Industry (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 125-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The importance of examining the location of China's steel development is not confined solely to the steel industry. It reflects to a large extent, the Communist policy on industrial location in general. The new steel centres have been planned to form the nuclei of industrial complexes. To counteract the pre-Communist concentration of industry in the coastal areas, the Communist régime has emphasised from the beginning that a wide dispersion of industry is desirable from the standpoint of economic development and national defence. In planning new capital construction, therefore, regional development constitutes a key-note while sources of raw materials and fuel supply, consumption centres, future mechanisation of agriculture and national security become the major determinants of industrial locations. As a result of adherence to this policy, a new pattern has emerged for the location of China's steel industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041709
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Study of the Rouble-Yuan Exchange Rate (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 192-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: It is generally known that the exchange rates in Soviet-type economies are disequilibrium exchange rates in the sense that without controls they do not tend to lead to a balance on the international current accounts. Of the two economies involved, it is also known that these exchange rates are unrealistic, in the sense that they have no relation to the gold content of currencies involved, if the currencies have a gold content, and that these rates do not reflect the relative domestic purchasing power of the two currencies on internationally traded commodities. In the case of the exchange rate between the Soviet rouble and the Communist Chinese yuan, even this disequilibrium and unrealistic exchange rate has in the main been veiled in secrecy since 1950. This secrecy has caused considerable difficulties in working with the Communist foreign trade statistics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041746
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The National People's Congress (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 241-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The annual sessions of the National People's Congress have always been more like a national rally than the parliamentary institution outlined in its own constitution. The leaders meet a large selected group deemed to represent the nation, outline their picture of national and international affairs, describe their plans and hopes for the future and call on the citizens to rally to the flag. From the floor of the house deferential speeches assure the leaders that all sections of the nation agree with them and will obey their call with alacrity. For the student outside China the first consideration is of course not what is said but how much is published. Six or eight years ago he had to wade through reams of material to catch the general flavour and find the occasional grain of fact in drifts of formal and repetitive chaff. In 1962, and now again in 1963, the problem was very different. The published documents are very brief and many passages are so generalised and indeed abstract that only an initiate can be sure of their meaning. The student's task is to expand these generalities and to suggest their context and their real meaning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041771
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contributors (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 272-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041825
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CQY volume 20 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000048311
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Genesis of the People's Procuratorate in Communist China 1949–1951 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 1-37 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: When the Chinese Communists finally consummated their seizure of power in mainland China, one of the first tasks which faced them was that of elaborating a formal institutional structure for the exercise of regular public authority. Indeed, while the new leadership now undoubtedly enjoyed de facto control over the country and the mass of the people, it found itself quite destitute of those normal channels of state regulation and administrative management which serve to bestow legitimacy on a claimant to the role of national government and to distinguish a duly constituted, relatively stable political order from an altogether fluid interlude of revolutionary action predicated on ad hoc use of organised force under a central direction. The Party soon moved to make up for this grave deficiency by creating, on paper at least, a complex mechanism of state administration to back up its bid for recognition as the official spokesman for the Chinese nation and, concurrently, provide it with the wherewithal to play that role effectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000048323
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CQY volume 19 Cover and Front matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042077
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Contradiction in the Light of Mao Tse-tung's Essay on “Dialectical Materialism” (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 38-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Chinese Communists have not hesitated to alter their Party documents—in effect rewriting history—when such changes have seemed desirable for political purposes. It is well known, for example, that the texts of various documents in Mao Tse-tung's Selected Works differ significantly from the originals. In this article we offer evidence suggesting that a fundamentally important Party document—On Contradiction (Mao-tun Lun)—was not written in the summer of 1937, as Party history asserts. Rather, it was composed at a much later date, copying the theses of Stalin and Zhdanov. By thus falsifying the date of composition, the Chinese Communists could bolster their covert assertion of Mao Tse-tung's primacy as a Marxist theoretician.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042107
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mao Tun: The Critic (Part I) (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 84-98 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: More than forty years have passed since Hu Shih and Ch'en Tu-hsiu wrote their polemics on literary reform and revolution. During this period many important so-called literary works have appeared, but they are more important as documents of social protest and political propaganda. We have yet to see anything which is important as literature in its own right. There have been many explanations for this literary paucity, and the most often repeated one is that of the political millstone around the writer's neck. This was one of the reasons Hu Shih gave.1 While it is true that political pressure accounts for most of this unhealthy literary phenomenon, I believe a more direct reason can be found in the fact that many critics have tried to make literature subservient to social and political interests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042132
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Reorganisation of Higher Education in Communist China, 1949–61 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 128-160 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Within the short span of twelve years since their rise to power in 1949, the Chinese Communists have completely revamped their educational system. Private institutions of higher learning have been abolished and the number of universities vastly reduced; in their place hundreds of technical institutes have been created, with an unprecedented increase in enrolment and graduates. The faculties of various universities and colleges have been amalgamated in an effort to train more and more scientific and technical personnel. New types of instruction, known as “specialty” (spetsial'nost) and “specialisation” (spetsializatsiia), have been introduced to accelerate the training of industrial experts. Emphasis on science and technology has completely replaced the traditional respect for the humanities; the highest learned organisation in Communist China today is the Academy of Sciences, and not the Academy of Letters (Hanlin Yuan) of Imperial China. A Twelve-Year Science Programme was adopted in 1956 with the avowed objective of producing 10,500 top scientists and some two million technicians by 1967, and towards this end a new University of Science and Technology was established in 1958.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042168
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etienne, Gilbert: La Voie Chinoise : Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1962 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 177-178 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S030574100004220X
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  • 26
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    Schein, Edgar H.; Schneier, Inge; Barker, Curtis H.: Coercive Persuasion: A Socio-Psychological Analysis of the “Brainwashing” of American Civilian Prisoners by the Chinese Communists : New York, W. W. Norton, 1961 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 174-175 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000042181
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    China's Secret Military Papers: ‘Continuities’ and ‘Revelations’ (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 68-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: China's rulers in 1961 surveyed their shattered dreams and then, with studied self-confidence, hailed the vitality of their revolutionary “mass-line” credo. This resolute re-affirmation of standard principles had a hollow ring, however, and doubts about the “real methods of control” employed during the years of retreat and readjustment coincided with angry charges that the language of the “mass-line” disguised terror and brutality on an appalling scale. In the confusion, fact has until recently seemed entwined irretrievably with propaganda and invective, but now a unique collection of the Kung-tso T'ung-hsun (Bulletin of Activities) makes it possible to disentangle the contradictory methods of control and leadership used in 1961 and to evaluate their widely varied effects in that crucial year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041886
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
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    The Conflict between Old and New in the Chinese Army (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 118-140 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: One of the most pressing needs of the Chinese Communists when they established their régime, was to convert the sprawling semi-guerrilla force which had brought them to power into a modern army capable of maintaining that power. China's leaders were acutely aware of this need and they lost little time in launching the armed forces on the long march to modernisation. No modernisation, however, could have succeeded without large numbers of officers skilled in running a complex military establishment. The Red Army commanders, though resourceful and battle-tested, were by and large not equipped for this task. It was necessary, therefore, to develop a professional officer corps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041916
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
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    China's Secret Military Papers (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 67-67 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: On August 5, 1963, the State Department released a set of secret Chinese military papers, which is the most illuminating first-hand material that scholars have had on the Chinese Communists since the Hoover Institution acquired the Yenan Documents in the mid-forties.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000041874
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  • 30
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    China's Secret Military Papers: Military Doctrine and Strategy (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 79-99 
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    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Peking's pronouncements in the Sino-Soviet dispute have left the public with an image of a reckless and bellicose Chinese Communist régime. This image has been reinforced by the Soviet Union, which has exaggerated the Chinese statements and their significance to paint an over-simplified contrast between the supposed Chinese addiction to war and Soviet dedication to peace.
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    The Good Officer: Definition and Training (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 141-152 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Mao Tse-tung, the Marxist, may believe in the “objective” and “inevitable” forces of history, but Mao, the politician, general and revolutionary has argued that Communist success depends on the “subjective factor of ability of direction.” This article analyses the variation in the Chinese Communist definition of good military leadership and the relationship between this definition and officer training programmes.
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    Chou En-lai on Safari (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 174-194 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Chou en-lai's recent “western expedition” to Africa and the Mediterranean was Peking's greatest diplomatic effort to date outside the Communist world. Coming at a time when China had openly split from Russia and yet remained at odds with America, India, and most other countries, it marked a turning point in Peking's foreign policy and perhaps in the entire post-war structure of international relations.
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    China's Industrial Development, 1958–63 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 3-38 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: China had no Second Five-Year Plan (1958–62) only five ad hoc annual plans during that period. In basic construction and industrial production a great leap forward did take place in the first three years, only to be followed by collapse and readjustment in the last two years. In agriculture, the period started with an unprecedented bumper crop in the first year, after which there commenced an agricultural crisis that grew in intensity from year to year until 1962 when the output of food grains and green vegetables began to show recovery. This was in sharp contrast to the First Five-Year Plan period which concluded with spectacular achievements in heavy industry, moderate success in light industry and slow but steady improvement in agriculture.
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    Editorial (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 1-2 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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    Conceptual Difficulties in Measuring China's Industrial Output (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 56-64 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: A sharp contrast stands between the mood of optimism in 1958 and 1959 when official as well as unofficial reports of industrial progress continued to pour out of Communist China and the silence and complete black-out of statistical information which has characterised the Chinese scene since 1960. If the principal landmarks are retraced, the first major sign of a change in official policy appears to have come in early 1961 when the Chinese Communist Party decided to reverse the policies which had characterised the “leap forward” of 1958–59. This was followed by a drastic policy of retrenchment in investment and reorientation of industrial production during the latter part of 1961 as the economic crisis deepened. Since then the new slogan has been “adjustment, consolidation, reinforcement, and improvement”; the new order of priorities is agriculture, light industry and heavy industry; the new approach is to regard agriculture as the economic base and industry as the “leading factor.”
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    Writers' Criticism of the Party in 1942 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 205-228 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The angry outbursts of Chinese intellectuals against the Chinese Communist Party at the time of the Hundred Flowers in 1956–57 revealed that China's intellectuals, even those who were oriented towards the left, were in conflict with many of the Party's practices. Actually, this tension between the Party and the intellectuals had been smouldering for a long time. It had come to the surface many years earlier during the Cheng Feng movement in Yenan in the early 1940s. At that time the Party, as it did later in the Hundred Flowers period, embarked on a drive “to rectify the style of work” of both Party members and intellectuals. One aspect of this drive was that the Party encouraged intellectuals and lower-rank cadres to speak out on the misuses of Party power.
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    Press Communiqué of the 1963 session of the National People's Congress (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 251-256 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The second National People's Congress of the Chinese People's Republic held its fourth session in Peking between November 17, and December 3, 1963. Altogether 1,012 deputies attended the session.
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    The Ideal Local Party Secretary and the “Model” Man (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 229-240 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In what light does the Communist Party wish to project itself to the people? Is the local party secretary presented as the remote symbol of authoritarian efficiency, a reflection of the absolute power above? Or is he supposed to be a model of the nutrient “helper,” responsive to the people's needs and governed by humanitarian considerations? The actual quality of these relationships is of course inaccessible for direct observation, but we can examine some of the Communist presentations of the image and expectations in officially approved literary publications.
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    Kung, S. W.: Chinese in American Life : Seattle, University of Washington Press, 1962 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 257-258 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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    Communism and Chinese Communalism in Sarawak (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 38-66 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Chinese are still divided into two groups. One group is very left in its views, very vociferous, very active, very humourless, very narrow minded and forceful, and knows what it wants and intends to achieve its objects by fair means or foul, regardless of what the rest of the population may think. The other group is undoubtedly immensely larger, though one might be excused for not realising this, as it lacks cohesion and the people in it merely wish to be left alone to carry on their normal avocations. Since it has no strong feelings not only does this group not speak out, but in many cases it finds the line of least resistance is to support the other group when asked to do so.The 1962 Annual Report for the District of Kuching, The Sarawak Gazette, May 31, 1963.
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    Mao Tun: The Critic (Part 2) (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 128-162 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: If as a theorist Mao Tun was without a theory, as a polemicist he was without a polemic. What plagued him there also hurt him here, and for the same reason: he did not as yet have any firm conviction regarding his standpoint. He did not have a solid base to operate from.
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    Quarterly Chronicle and Documentation (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 171-187 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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    Mao Tse-tung's Materialistic Dialectics (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 3-37 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The thesis of this article is that Mao Tse-tung's materialistic dialectics has a definite place of its own in the realm of the Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist philosophy. Although it is undoubtedly consanguineous with the dialectics of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and the modern Russian and other Communist philosophy, it is also discernibly different. In addition, it is also somewhat related to the dialectics of classical Chinese philosophy. One demonstrable reason for all these relationships is that Mao Tsetung's readings in Marxian classics were not very extensive, possibly less extensive than his readings in Chinese classics. The rest of the differences and peculiarities came from his own thinking.
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    The Ashes of Defeat (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 3-54 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: An interesting reconstruction and description of the Nanchang Uprising of August 1, 1927, which the Chinese Communist Party and the people on the Mainland now celebrate as Red Army Day, was given by Colonel Guillermaz in The China Quarterly, No. 11. As a footnote I present translations of four accounts by three participants—Li Li-san, Chang Kuo-t'ao and Chou I-ch'ün—all written within a few weeks of the smashing of the revolt on about October 1 near Swatow, together with four other nearly contemporary Communist items.
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    General Aspects of Chinese Communist Religious Policy, with Soviet Comparisons (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 161-173 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Chinese and Russian Communists, as Marxist-Leninists, are fundamentally hostile towards religion, and are committed to its ultimate eradication. Although their attitudes towards religion are similar, their prescriptions for dealing with it are different. In essence, this difference arises from two divergent conceptions, one optimistic, the other pessimistic, regarding the progress of religion towards oblivion in a situation where the Communist Party has assumed leadership and where the “social” roots of religion have supposedly disappeared. The Chinese hold the optimistic view, a position which may be explained in part by the fact that institutional religion has traditionally been weak in China. I quote here C. K. Yang's description of institutional religion in China as it emerged in the modern period:As an organised body, modern institutional religion had a very small priesthood, divided into minute units of two or three priests each, largely unconnected with each other. It had barely enough financial resources for subsistence for this scanty personnel. It was deprived of the support of an organised laity. ... It did not participate in various organised aspects of community life such as charity, education, and the enforcement of moral discipline. There was no powerful centralised priesthood to dominate religious life or to direct operation of the secular social institutions.
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    CQY volume 18 Cover and Front matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 1-4 
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    Modern Weapons and the Sino-Soviet Estrangement (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 160-173 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Among the most significant polemical fall-out of the past year has been the increasing indication that modern weapons questions lie near the heart of Sino-Soviet estrangement. Whether or not the recent Chinese Communist charge is true, that the Russians later reneged on a 1957 “advanced technology” commitment, Soviet and Chinese behaviour since 1957 testifies to considerable Russian long-range concern over a nuclear-armed China, Russian reluctance to assist China to gain this end quickly, and accumulating Chinese anger at such un-comradely behaviour. The only unique ingredient in recent polemical exchanges is added explicitness; the modern weapons messages have been there all along. This is not to say that the Sino-Soviet schism is not the product, as well, of competing revolutionary strategies, theological pretension, struggle for supreme Communist authority, and fundamental disagreement over whether Stalin should be praised or buried. Underlying such antagonisms and contributing to them, however, have been deep-seated differences over modern weapons central to the initiation and aggravation of Sino-Soviet estrangement.
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    “Sinkiang and the Soviet Union” (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 212-214 
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    “The Li li-san Line and the CCP. in 1930” (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 208-211 
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    “The Red Barbarians” (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 215-215 
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    Quarterly Chronicle and Documentation (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 229-244 
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    CQY volume 17 Cover and Front matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 1-2 
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    A Historical Note on the Sino-Indian Dispute over the Aksai Chin (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 201-207 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The Sino-Indian conversations that followed the border clashes of late 1959 were undertaken partly for the purpose of examining in detail the historical evidence with which both sides supported their border claims. It is always difficult, however, to use historical evidence to bolster claims to areas which have for centuries been removed from the main stream of human existence. The Aksai Chin, in the extreme north-east of Ladakh, upon which much of the negotiations centred, is such a region; a bleak uninhabited highland which in the past was visited only by the inhabitants of adjacent territories in quest of salt and by occasional hunters. In 1717, however, the Aksai Chin was traversed by the Tsungar invaders of Tibet and 233 years later it was used for the same purpose by the Chinese. The success of this second venture led to the construction of a major road link between Sinkiang and Tibet, the existence of which precipitated the hostilities of 1959 and the discussions of 1960.
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    Tsou, TangKubek, AnthonyRees, David: America's Failure in China 1941–50.How the Far East was Lost: American Policy and the Creation of Communist China, 1941–1949Korea: The Limited War. : London and Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1963Chicago, Henry Regnery Company, 1963London, Macmillan, 1964 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 216-221 
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    Contributors (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 245-246 
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    Capital Formation in Communist China (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 39-55 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The present situation in China's heavy industry is a strange sequel to the programme for rapid industrialisation that took place from 1950 to 1960. Production of steel and other heavy industrial products were once proudly broadcast to show China's progress. Now the Chinese planners stress only the ways in which heavy industry can support agriculture. The priority once given to heavy industry is now a political liability rather than a basis for feelings of national pride. Behind the euphemistic description of present objectives in industry as “work to readjust, consolidate, fill out and raise standards” is a situation where the planners show little interest in maximising production in heavy industry. This serious setback to the programme for rapid industrialisation needs to be interpreted in the light of the trends in capital formation that have occurred since 1950.
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    Handicrafts in Communist China (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 151-173 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Even though it is a truism, it is worth pointing out that with relatively little foreign trade and even less foreign aid, Communist China's economic growth must in the main result directly from the development of her indigenous resources. In her comparatively backward economy, most of those resources were to be found initially in two traditional sectors of production: in agriculture, and in various crafts and trades. Due to limited division of labour, these two traditional sectors were not separated sharply from each other, but overlapped in the person of the peasant-craftsman who was relatively common in the countryside.
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    China's Economic Planning and Industry (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 111-124 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Economic planning in China was pioneered by Kao Kang, Chairman of the North-East Administrative Area in the early days of the Communist régime, who controlled the region formerly known as Manchuria. This was the region which the Japanese had developed into China's foremost centre of heavy industry. It came under Communist rule before most of the country and as early as 1949 the North-East Financial and Economic Commission had made a rough plan for rehabilitating its industry. Two years later a regional planning commission was established.
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    Chinese Education in South-East Asia (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 67-95 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article surveys the development of Chinese education within South-East Asian Chinese societies, and briefly relates it to the integration and assimilation of the hua ch'iao into indigenous societies.
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    Nanyang University and the Dilemmas of Overseas Chinese Education (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 96-127 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: On December 9, 1963, Singapore's Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew, in presenting a general policy statement of his government for the coming year to the Singapore Legislative Assembly, noted that in Singapore's Nanyang University “a situation is developing which if left unchecked will make it more a University of Yenan than of Nanyang,” and that “Indeed the problems of Nanyang can never be resolved until the political abuse the Communists make of it is exposed and stopped.” Lee's remarks, like his previous ones on the subject of Nanyang University, did not fail to touch on a raw nerve of the University's problems. But as in the past, the raising of the spectre of Yenan has tended to obscure the complex patterns of pride and prejudice and the dilemmas of educational policy confronting the Malaysian Chinese community and indeed the hua ch'iao (Overseas Chinese) of Southeast Asia generally, of which the University is but an expression. Nanyang University's problems today provide an index to the paradoxes and the conflicting appeals as a whole that stir the community whose interests it was originally designed to serve.
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    Contributors (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 20 (1964), S. 187-187 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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    Tung Pi-wu: A Political Profile (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 66-83 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The counterpoint of radical change and durable continuity which has characterised the Communist upheaval in China is nowhere so marked as in the ambivalent attitudes towards youth and age. Traditional China was a backward-looking civilisation, espousing a view of life and of history which esteemed past over present, age over youth, authority over innovation. The twentieth century has seen a definite, often violent, conflict between the generations, with the revolt of 1911, the May Fourth movement, and the Northern Expedition each expressing an aspect of the upsurge of youthful aspiration. The emergence of a Communist government has been marked by a drastic change in the official attitude, a new preoccupation with the future rather than the past, and sustained attention to the organisation of the youth of China, from which group will come the national leaders of the generation ahead.
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    Boyd, R. G.: Communist China's Foreign Policy : New York, F. Praeger, 1962 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 176-177 
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    Quarterly Chronicle and Documentation (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 181-201 
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    Wu, Yuan-li: Economic Development and the Use of Energy Resources in Communist China : New York and London, F. Praeger, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 19 (1964), S. 178-180 
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    CQY volume 18 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 1-2 
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    On the Nature of Mao Tse-tung's ‘Deviation’ in 1927 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 55-66 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The second half of 1927 is one of the most obscure periods in the history of the Chinese Communist Party. From a large and well-organised force openly playing a major role in the political and military affairs of the country, the Chinese Communist Party rapidly found itself reduced to a few small remnants fighting for their existence. As a result, the printed sources available for future historians were drastically reduced. The Communists cut their output of publications both for lack of the means to produce them, and because it was no longer prudent to reveal even as much about their plans as they had done before. The Nationalist authorities further decimated this scanty output by confiscation and repression. So much of what has been written about this period is based on verbal testimony or secondary sources, and cannot be regarded as altogether reliable.
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    China's Militia (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 100-117 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: China's “Everyone a Soldier” movement of Autumn 1958 represents on paper perhaps the most ambitious military enterprise in the history of mankind. Two hundred and twenty million men and women of a predominantly agricultural population were to be transformed into an “ocean of soldiers,” equipped and prepared to defend their homeland against the invader.
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    The ‘Learn from the Army’ Campaign (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 18 (1964), S. 153-159 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Perhaps the most significant development affecting the Chinese army in recent months has been the campaign to “Learn from the Experience of the People's Liberation Army in Political and Ideological Work” launched by the People's Daily editorial of February 1, 1964. In the context of the nation-wide emulation movement, the Liberation Army's achievements in this field of political work make it a model for the whole nation to “learn from, study and compare with.” Industries, commercial enterprises, government departments, trade unions, rural work cadres and other important sections of the community are reported to have taken up the challenge to “learn from the People's Liberation Army.” At the same time there has been an exceptional quantity of news about the political achievements of the Army and of its model soldiers and companies.
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    Work incentive Policy in Communist China (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 92-110 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In their concerted and ardent efforts to industrialise and develop the economy rapidly, the leaders of the Chinese Communist Party have given work incentives an important role—a role which operates narrowly within the limits set by economic necessity and ideology. The pendulum has swung from an emphasis on material incentives (First Five-Year Plan, 1953–57) to a stress on non-material incentives (1957–60) and back again (1960 on). These major changes in incentive policy have reflected the significant turns in the grand socio-economic strategy of the Chinese Communist Party.
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    The Terms of Sino-Soviet Trade (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 174-191 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The development of the ideological controversy between Communist China and the Soviet Union in recent years has aroused increased interest in a more careful evaluation of Sino-Soviet economic relations. In this paper, I attempt to deal with one specific aspect of this broad area, that is the price problem in Sino-Soviet trade.
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    Agricultural Mechanisation in Communist China (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 134-150 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: At the beginning of the “Great Leap Forward” campaign of 1958, Mao Tse-tung declared the now much publicised “eight-character constitution of agriculture” for the technical transformation of agriculture. This “constitution” was essentially a condensed and more appealing version of the National Agricultural Development Programme for 1956–67, promulgated in 1956, which contains twelve important measures to improve agricultural production. The eight Chinese characters referred to are: shui, water conservation; fei, fertilisation; t'u, soil conservation; chung, seed selection; mi, dense planting; pao, plant protection; kung, tool improvement; and kuan, field management.
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    Quarterly Chronicle and Documentation (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 261-271 
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    Fall, Bernard B.: Street Without Joy : London and Dunmow, Pall Mall Press, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 17 (1964), S. 258-260 
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    Papers in Current Periodicals (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 174-175 
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    Notes on Contributors (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 176-176 
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    Presidential Address: Early Years at the Royal Institution (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 99-115 
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    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: AbstractThe paper covers a period of little more than two years in the early history of the Royal Institution, but it is the period in which the house in Albemarle Street was purchased and Count Rumford devoted all his energies to establishing in it the Institution he had conceived. The house was enlarged and adapted to its new purpose; at first a temporary and later the well-known lecture theatre were built. The first Resident Professor and lecturer in the new theatre was Thomas Garnett, whose brief and unhappy connection with the Royal Institution is recorded.
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    Locating the Manuscript Sources of Science (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 157-161 
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    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: There is a wealth of source material to be digested by the historian. From about 1800 onwards books and specialized scientific journals have appeared in ever-increasing numbers, and he may feel overwhelmed by the printed sources. But printed material can supply only a part of the information he needs. The printed word of a scientist rarely shows how he arrived at his concepts, why they took the turn they did and what influences contributed to their formation and development. For these the historian must turn to private papers, to correspondence, to laboratory notebooks, diaries, drawings and designs and to whatever other record of day-by-day thinking may have been kept.
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    Wall, C.; Cameron, H. C.; Underwood, E. A.: A History of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London : Oxford University Press, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 78-79 
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    Crombie, A. C.; Hoskin, M. A.: History of Science: An Annual Review of Literature, Research and Teaching. Volume II: 1963 : Cambridge, Heffer, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 80-81 
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    ‘Studies on the History of Astronomy’ (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 84-89 
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    Report of Council and Financial Statement (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 90-93 
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    BJH volume 2 issue 2 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 1-4 
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    Paracelsus'S Two-Way Astrology II. Man'S Relation to the Stars (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 148-155 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The preceding paper described how all-pervasive was the influence that Paracelsus designated ‘astral’. In what sense, then, is it true that he placed restrictions, on astrological powers? The restriction applies to the more limited and usual sense of astrology, referring to the control of events on earth by the stars in the sky. Paracelsus was not prepared to hand over our fates entirely to a distant autocracy of the stars quite beyond our control.
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    Paracelsus's Two-Way Astrology I. What Paracelsus Meant by ‘Stars’ (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 139-147 
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    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: References to the stars permeate the writings of Paracelsus (1493–1541); yet modern authorities comment on the way he restricted astrological influence. The contradiction is only apparent, and disappears when the significance he attached to the relevant vocabulary is understood. He had in mind a kind of influence rather different from that usually thought of in connection with astrology, and the astrological jargon he bandied about had a metaphorical more often than a literal meaning. In his major works, signs of detailed interest in the movements of the actual stars are few; the ‘astrological’ terminology hides a system of natural explanation by virtues or forces largely immanent in earthly objects.
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    Essay Review (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 165-168 
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    Correspondence Concerning Galileo (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 173-173 
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    Report of Council and Financial Statement (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 177-179 
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    BJH volume 2 issue 1 Cover and Front matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 1-3 
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    Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion: 1609–1666 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 1-24 
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    Topics: History , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: SynopsisHistorians of seventeenth-century science have frequently asserted that Kepler's laws of planetary motion were largely ignored between the time of their first publication (1609, 1619) and the publication of Newton's Principia (1687). In fact, however, they were more widely known and accepted than has been generally recognized.Kepler's ideas were, indeed, rather slow in establishing themselves, and until about 1630 there are few references to them in the literature of the time. But from then onwards, interest in them increased fairly rapidly. In particular, the principle of elliptical orbits had been accepted by most of the leading astronomers in France before 1645 and in England by about 1655. It also received quite strong support in Holland.The second law had a more chequered history. It was enunciated in its exact form by a few writers and was used in practice by some others without being explicitly formulated, but the majority, especially after 1645, preferred one or another of several variant forms which were easier to use but only approximately correct. The third law attracted less interest than the others, chiefly perhaps because it had no satisfactory theoretical basis, but it was correctly stated by at least six writers during the period under review.Between about 1630 and 1650 Kepler's Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae (in which all three laws were clearly formulated) was probably the most widely read work on theoretical astronomy in northern and western Europe, while his Rudolphine Tables, which were based upon the first two laws, were regarded by the majority of astronomers as the most accurate planetary tables available.Kepler's work certainly did not receive all the recognition it deserved, but the extent to which it was neglected has been much exaggerated.
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    Mercator's Kinckhuysen - Translation in the Bodleian Library at Oxford (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 45-58 
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    Notes: SummaryIn 1661 Gerard Kinckhuysen published at Haerlem an introduction to algebra written in Dutch. Because of the clarity and compactness of its presentation it was considered suitable for dissemination to a wider class of readers than those able to read Low Dutch. Nicolaus Mercator, a wellknown mathematician of German origin, who had come to England as a young man in the later 1650s, was asked by Lord Brouncker to prepare a Latin translation of it. To this Isaac Newton, at the request of Isaac Barrow and John Collins, added explanatory notes and comments, and the manuscript was sent to Collins in London on 11 July 1670. Newton's draft, though still unpublished, is preserved, but Mercator's original translation was believed to have been lost. Only recently I rediscovered it in the Bodleian in a bound volume deriving from the estate of the Oxford mathematician John Wallis, which contains several books and pamphlets once in his possession.This article is divided into four sections:I. A survey of Kinckhuysen's Algebra ofte Stel-konst.II. A summary of Newton's notes and additions to it.III. An account of the unsuccessful efforts of Collins and Newton to publish the Mercator translation, enlarged with Newton's comments—this is abstracted from Collins' correspondence with Newton, Wallis and Gregory.IV. A description of the volume now in the Bodleian Library, press-marked ‘Savile G. 20’, which has Mercator's translation interleaved with the printed Dutch original and bound with other books once owned by Wallis.
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    Appleton, Edward V.; Bowen, E. G.; Coulson, C. A.; Peierls, R. E.; Randall, John; Smith, R. A.; Domb, C.: Clerk Maxwell and Modern Science : University of London, The Athlone Press, 1963 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 76-76 
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    Items of Interest from Other Publications (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 83-83 
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    Forthcoming Events (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @British journal for the history of science 2 (1964), S. 95-96 
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    MOA volume 2 issue 4 Cover and Back matter (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 1-2 
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    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
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    Davidson, BasilQuigg, Philip W.Burke, Fred G.: Which Way Africa?Africa: a Foreign Affairs ReaderAfrica's Quest for Order : London, Penguin Books, 1964New York & London, Praeger, 1964Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, 1964 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 452-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00004481
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    van Velsen, J.: The Politics of Kinship: a study in social manipulation among the Lakeside Tonga of Nyasaland : Manchester University Press for Rhodes-Livingstone Institute, 1964 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 462-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00004547
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    Twining, William: The Place of Customary Law in the National Legal Systems of East AfricaAfrican Conference on Local Courts and Customary Law: Record of the Proceedings of the Conference held in Dar es Salaam, 8–18 September 1963 : University of Chicago Law School, 1964Dar es Salaam University College, Faculty of Law, 1964 (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 613-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00004833
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    African Studies in East Germany (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 289-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Notes: Up to World War II, Germany was a major centre for the development of African studies, arising out of her colonial interests and general academic traditions. African studies were among the casualties of the Nazi catastrophe; and even the more recent revival of German interest in Africa is handicapped by the continued division of the country. Thus, while the West German Federal Republic has been the more active in building economic and cultural ties with the new African states, it is in East Germany that academics have given greater prominence to Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00004055
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    International Aid: The Next Steps (1964)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 2 (1964), S. 471-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Notes: The correct starting point in the analysis of any economic unit is to pose the following three questions: What are the needs of the people? What resources are available? How adequately are these resources being mobilised for these needs ?1These questions are applicable to a continent or a country (or for that matter a county, a city, or a village); they can also be applied to the world as a whole. If they are, a picture emerges which, if it does not appal us, because it is so familiar and so easily taken for granted, would certainly astonish a visitor from another planet. The basic human needs for nourishment and for protection from the weather are not great, and the resources known to be available could, with current levels of technique, easily permit a comfortable living standard for everyone. Yet these resources are very largely unexploited or wasted, and miserable poverty is the typical human condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00004596
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