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  • Articles  (248)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (248)
  • 1985-1989  (248)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (248)
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  • Articles  (248)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Dimensional analysis has been applied to the fatigue failure of a material. The growth rate of cracks propagating within the limitations of LEFM can be described unequivocably by ΔK, as for example, in the Paris law. However, in the more general case, when LEFM conditions are violated or when the crack is short, an extra term, relating plastic zone size to crack length, is needed to preserve the physical similarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effects of sub-critical crack extension on the fracture properties of ferritic steels after they have been subjected to warm prestressing are investigated. The crack growth is assumed to occur at the temperature of the final loading, after the warm prestressing and the subsequent unloading. Predictions of the fracture behaviour are made using continuum mechanics and a fracture criterion based on a modified J-integral. The results of these calculations are consistent with those of a micromechanistic model of cleavage fracture from a sharp crack. Both the theories predict that the beneficial elevation in fracture load produced by warm prestressing is maintained after sub-critical crack growth provided the latter is not greater than the compressive yielded zone formed on unloading.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This report discusses the results of a collaborative European Group on Fracture exercise to predict the pressure-crack size relationships of an experimental cracked pressure vessel which was undergoing tests for the CEGB. The details of the test and background mechanical properties data had been circulated to interested parties with a request for predictions to be returned prior to the vessel test results being published. The results of this exercise are described here, analysed in detail and compared with the test results.Collectively, eighteen individuals provided thirty eight different estimates of the vessel behaviour. The procedures used included R6 and variants of it, crack tip opening displacement approaches, engineering J design curve approaches, simple plastic collapse criteria and the GE J estimation scheme.Analysis of the predictions showed that:(1) in the prediction of maximum pressures, the plastic limit pressure was important;(2) in the prediction of initiation pressures the initiation toughness dominated;(3) the detailed form of the resistance curve had little influence on either the crack growth predictions or the maximum pressure predictions.(4) all forms of failure assessment diagram based upon the R6 axes were capable of producing accurate predictions.(5) where a poor model was used to represent the cracked section the results were unsatisfactory.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue life prediction under variable amplitude loading normally involves a two stage process of cycle counting and damage summation. This paper shows that for certain classes of strain history, predictions can be made directly from a knowledge only of the power spectral density of the strain history and conventional fatigue strength data.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The cyclic creep properties of Cr-Mo-V rotor steel have been explored at room temperature and elevated temperature by multiple-step tests with increasing maximum stress (R= 0), and with subsequent tests in partial unloading (0 ≤R 〈 1). Cyclic creep acceleration is observed at room temperature and cyclic creep retardation at elevated temperature. This behavior is explained in terms of cyclic softening at low temperature and by creep-dominated deformation at high temperature with a ferritic material considered especially prone to retardation because of the high diffusivity of b.c.c. material. Other interesting effects, such as strain burst phenomena and the observation of anomalously high values of the ratio of diametral strain to axial strain, are also reported.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Measurements of crack depths by newly developed sectioning techniques raise questions about the validity of the optical microscopy technique used by Cheng and Laird for measuring crack size distributions. Accordingly, these measurements have been repeated using an improved technique. The cracks have thus been found deeper than reported earlier. This result suggests that random-walk mechanisms for crack nucleation apply to the earliest stages of fatigue life. Moreover, it is found that the crack size distribution matches the distribution of local strains in persistent slip bands, suggesting that Stage I crack propagation kinetics are controlled by the local plastic strain.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 9 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Stress intensity factors were calculated, based on Bueckner's principle for cracks in both infinite and finite plates with notches subjected to biaxial loading. Approximate Green's functions have been obtained by modifying two existing Green's functions, originally for unnotched plates. Values of stress intensity factors calculated using Bueckner's principle with the approximate Green's functions are in good agreement with published stress intensity factors for cracks in both infinite and finite plates containing a circular notch or an elliptical notch, previously found by the method of boundary collocation.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 8 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Reversed torsion with and without a superimposed end load has been applied to 1% Cr-Mo-V steel specimens containing sharp notches. Crack propagation was monitored by a sensitive d.c. potential drop system that measured crack depths between 25 μm and 0.6 mm from the root of the notch.Stress intensity factors do not satisfactorily correlate all the crack growth data but a strain intensity factor which is a function of material properties and notch plastic zone size shows a significant improvement and provides a single upper bound solution for both ambient and elevated temperatures. This solution permits designers to make safe lifetime assessments.At room temperature cracks initially propagate by mode II along the surface, and mode III radially but at low stresses crack growth is continued by mode I propagation. At higher stresses a transition to mode I cracking is avoided. Elevated temperature causes a brittle layer to form and in this case cracks initially propagate by mode I which then translates to mode III cracking at high stresses.Mode III thresholds are significantly higher than mode I thresholds but a constrained shear strain zone, as found at the root of notches subjected to torsion, permits the initiation and generation of a mode III crack. The application of an axial load enhances the mode III crack propagation rate since this increases the effective crack tip intensification factor.
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