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  • Artikel  (79)
  • Lepidoptera
  • monoclonal antibody
  • temperature
  • Springer  (79)
  • Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung  (55)
  • Physik  (23)
  • Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung  (4)
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  • Artikel  (79)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetometric Method of Investigating Fire Sites (1997)
    Springer
    Fire technology 33 (1997), S. 195-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Schlagwort(e): point of fire origin ; fire ; temperature ; plaster ; concrete ; thermal ; damage ; biotite ; magnetization ; susceptibility ; N-rays ; P-rays ; X-rays
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung
    Notizen: Abstract Magnetic susceptibility (MS) measurements were taken to determine fire exposure patterns on noncombustible structural members and compartment boundaries. These measurements led on-site fire investigators to the cause of combustion and the point of fire origin. Thermal damage to walls and to ceilings was estimated quantitatively by measuring MS and two-valent Fe ion concentration in building materials such as concrete and plaster. It was shown that these effects are preconditioned by thermochemical transformations in the mineral biotite, which is present as a component of common building materials. For the first time, the effect of a substantial and irreversible increase in biotite magnetization exposed to powerful flows of N- and P-rays was found. It is hoped that the presence of this “magnetic trace” of radiation in building materials will allow investigators to use the magnetometric method at nuclear power plant catastrophes such as that in Chernobyl. It was also shown that the influence of N- and P-rays on biotite's magnetic properties greatly differs from the thermal influence on biotite.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015363605037
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The dependence of transport properties ofin situ rocks on pore fluid composition and temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 17 (1996), S. 289-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Schlagwort(e): Effective properties ; pore fluids ; cracked rock ; permeability ; stress ; temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Fluids saturating cracked rocks within the crust can vary widely in composition and physical properties, which depend greatly on pressure and temperature. External non-hydrostatic stress applied to a cracked medium may result in a significant change of crack volume (and hence, for the undrained regime, pore-fluid pressure) due to the processes of crack closure (opening), and thus lead to a drastic change of the overall physical parameters of a rock. The purpose of the study is to estimate theoretically, using the effective-medium theory, the macroscopic seismic and transport parameters (such as permeability) of cracked rocks (granites) saturated with hydrocarbon gases, oils, brines and water. Variations of crack geometry and fluid parameters in the closed system (at constant fluid mass) under uniaxial compression are considered as well. The results show that composition of a saturating fluid as well as fluid temperature greatly influence the effective permeability and shear velocities of a rock mass, while thermal conductivity is not so sensitive to variations of fluid parameters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01904045
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of temperature on polaronic and bipolaronic structures of the adiabatic Holstein model (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 85 (1996), S. 471-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Schlagwort(e): Electron-phonon interaction ; temperature ; polaron ; Holstein model ; bifurcation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract It is proved that the polaronic and bipolaronic structures found in the adiabatic Holstein model at large electron-phonon coupling by Aubry, Abramovici, and Raimbault survive under connection of the electrons to a low-temperature heat bath, uniformly in the size of the system. Bounds are computed for one-dimensional nearest neighbor chains, and some sample solutions are continued numerically.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174215
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrothermal studies in a new diamond anvil cell up to 10 GPa and from −190°C to 1200°C (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 141 (1993), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Pressure ; temperature ; hydrothermal ; H2O ; equation of state ; diamond anvil cell
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The new hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) has been designed for optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction at pressures up to 10 GPa and temperatures between −190°C and 1200°C. Laser light reffected from the top and bottom anvil faces and the top and bottom solid sample faces produce interference fringes that provide a very sensitive means of monitoring the volume of sample chamber and for observing volume and refractive index changes in solid samples due to transitions and reactions. Synchrotron radiation has been used to make X-ray diffraction patterns of samples under hydrothermal conditions. Individual heaters and individual thermocouples provide temperature control with an accuracy of ±0.5°C. Liquid nitrogen directly introduced into the HDAC has been used to reduce the sample temperature to −190°C. The α-β phase boundary of quartz has been used to calculate the transition pressures from measured transition temperatures. With this method we have redetermined 5 isochores of H2O up to 850°C and 1.2 GPa at which the solution rate of the quartz became so rapid that the quartz dissolved completely before the α-β transition could be observed. When silica solutions were cooled, opal spherules and rods formed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998341
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Improvements to Griggs-type apparatus for mechanical testing at high pressures and temperatures (1993)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 141 (1993), S. 523-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Pressure ; temperature ; stress ; measurement ; acoustic emissions ; deformation ; techniques
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract New and improved techniques and apparatus for testing the mechanical properties of materials at high presures and temperatures are described. These include an improved Griggs-type deformation apparatus designed to operate to 5 GPa and associated servo-controlled hydraulic drive and electronics, the design of hydrostatic (molten alkali halide mixtures) pressure assemblies to measure flow stresses as low as a few MPa, the characterization of temperature gradients and friction in such assemblies, measurement of the melting curve of an alkali halide mixture used as a confining pressure medium, and the measurement of acoustic emissions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998344
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of temperature and sliding rate on frictional strength of granite (1986)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 124 (1986), S. 445-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Shear strength ; temperature ; deformation rate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Layers of artificial granite gouge have been deformed on saw-cut granite surfaces inclined 30° to the sample axes. Samples were deformed at a constant confining pressure of 250 MPa and temperatures of 22 to 845°C. The velocity dependence of the steady-state coefficient of friction (μss) was determined by comparing sliding strengths at different sliding rates. The results of these measurements are consistent with those reported bySolberg andByerlee (1984) at room temperature andStesky (1975) between 300 and 400°C. Stesky found that the slip-rate dependence of (μss) increased above 400°C. In the present study, however, the velocity dependence of (μss) was nearly independent of temperature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877211
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of industrial and high-resolution thermal data in a sedimentary basin (1990)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 133 (1990), S. 251-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Heat flow ; sediments ; temperature ; gradients ; conductivity ; industrial data ; scientific data ; hydrodynamics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Temperature, temperature gradient and heat flow, derived from four wells in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin have been compared with similar quantities derived from maps constructed from industrial data. Individual industrial temperature data may differ from the high-resolution temperature log by up to 30 K, but linear regression of the collected data agrees within 10 K at all points observed. Some evidence suggests that measured conductivities, using drill-cuttings, are biased toward average values. Derived heat flows show agreement of heat flow within 10% within the Mesozoic section. In the Paleozoic section differences are greater, and more varied, with insufficient data for general conclusions. Both styles of measurement provide opportunities for interpretation, each contributing to thermal analysis of sedimentary basins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877162
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An investigation of the dependence of structural parameters of the middle atmosphere on the intensity of photochemical and dynamical processes (1988)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 127 (1988), S. 381-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Schlagwort(e): Middle atmosphere ; temperature ; neutral and ion composition ; turbulent transfer ; model
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Using a numerical model for temperature and neutral and ion composition behaviour at middle atmospheric heights, an analysis has been made of the dependence of atmospheric structural parameters on temperature, solar activity, and on turbulent transfer intensity. For mesospheric heights, an inverse dependence of the nitric oxide density on the temperature has been found. It is thus possible to explain experimentally obtained temperature variations over a cyclc of solar activity at mesospheric and lower thermospheric heights. Numerical simulation results indicate that the temperature in the height range ∼75–120 km depends considerably on both the absolute values of turbulent transfer coefficients and their vertical gradients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879818
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Fiber Optic Wavelength Modulation Sensor Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Coatings for Absolute Temperature Measurements (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Schlagwort(e): optical fibres ; temperature ; sensors ; tantalum pentoxide ; thermal optic ; thermal expansion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A fiber optic low-coherence sensor based on the spectral shift of tantalum pentoxide thin films for absolute temperature sensing up to 650°C is described. A tantalum pentoxide single layer was deposited directly onto the cleaved end-face of a single mode optical fibre and was illuminated with an super luminescence diode (SLD) source through a directional coupler. Interference fringes of the film on reflection were obtained within the optical bandwidth of the SLD using an optical spectrum analyser. The spectral shift versus temperature rise showed no turning points and the output was unambiguous, linear, monotonic and gave about 0.016 nm wavelength shift in the spectrum per°C. A semi-empirical calibration procedure based on the refractive index (n) and thickness (l) of the tantalum pentoxide film for absolute thermometric measurements is described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0205-8
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultraviolet Rayleigh Lidar for Wind and Temperature Measurements (2000)
    Springer
    Optical review 7 (2000), S. 555-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Schlagwort(e): lidar ; remote sensing ; Rayleigh scattering ; wind ; temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A new method of simultaneous remote sensing of atmospheric wind and temperature by a ultraviolet Rayleigh lidar is described. This technique uses two narrowband filters located at either side of the wings of the Rayleigh backscatter spectrum to analyze Rayleigh backscattering signals. These filters are selected to be greatly sensitive to both velocity and temperature. By measuring the ratio and the sum of the two normalized filtered signals, the line-of-sight wind velocity and temperature profiles can be retrieved. A lidar system is proposed for the wind velocity and temperature measurements in the middle atmosphere, and the simulation results show that the accuracies of velocity and temperature are about 1 m/s and 2 K at the height of 30 km, respectively. The influence of aerosol component has been estimated for clear weather conditions, and with an uncertainty of aerosol component of 15% the errors are about 0.1 m/s and 2 K above the troposphere, respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-000-0555-2
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