ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous horst-basin formation and magmatism during Late Variscan transtension: evidence from 40Ar/39Ar and 207Pb/206Pb geochronology in the Ruhla Crystalline Complex (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 89 (2000), S. 52-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Central European Variscides ; Mid-German Crystalline Rise ; Ruhla Crystalline Complex ; Geochronology ; 40Ar/39Ar dating ; 207Pb/206Pb dating ; P ; T ; t paths ; Extension ; exhumation ; basin formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: 40 Ar/39Ar–mica and 207Pb/206Pb–zircon dates are presented and combined with existing P–T data and the sedimentary record. These data indicate that the RCC was faulted into three segments which underwent different exhumation histories during the Late Carboniferous/Early Permian. The eastern segment shows 40Ar/39Ar–biotite data of336 ±4 and 323±3 Ma. Furthermore, it is intruded by the Thuringian Hauptgranite dated at 337±4 Ma by the 207Pb/206Pb single zircon method. At approximately 300 Ma rocks of the eastern segment were finally exposed and, subsequently, subsided as part of the Oberhof pull-apart basin, filled by Late Carboniferous/Early Permian molasse sediments and volcanic rocks (296–285 Ma; Goll 1996). A similar Late Carboniferous evolution is inferred for the western segment, since it is also overlain by Upper Carboniferous volcanic rocks. In contrast to the eastern and western segments, distinctly younger intrusion and cooling ages were recorded for the central segment of the RCC (40Ar/39Ar muscovite: 311±3 Ma; 40Ar/39Ar biotite: 293–288±3 Ma) that was intruded by the Trusetal Granite, the Ruhla Granite and Brotterode Diorite (207Pb/206Pb single zircon: 298±2, 295±3, 289±4 Ma, respectively). These young data are unique in the MGCR and testify that plutonic activity and cooling of basement rocks took place simultaneously with basin formation and volcanism in the eastern and western segments. Overlying Upper Permian (Zechstein) and Triassic sediments indicate final exposure of the central segment by approximately 260 Ma, as a part of the Ruhla-Schleusingen Horst. Combination of these results with P–T data from the contact aureole of the Trusetal granite indicate that the central segment was unroofed by at least 8.5 km during the Late Carboniferous. The Late Carboniferous/Early Permian horst-basin formation, documented in the RCC, is due to dextral transtensional movements along the NW-trending Franconian fault system. It may have been enhanced by mantle upwelling widespread in Central Europe during the Early Permian that also caused intensive magmatism in the Thuringian Forest region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050317
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus (P) management in the ‘De Marke’ dairy farming system (2000)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 56 (2000), S. 219-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: phosphorus ; P ; dairy farming ; systems research ; environment ; pollution ; soil fertility ; sandy soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In the sandy regions of the Netherlands water quality is threatened by high losses of nutrients from intensive dairy farms. About 67% (32 kg ha-1yr-1) of farm inputs of P in purchased feeds and fertilisers do not leave in milk or cattle. The Dutch government defined decreasing maximum permitted nutrient surplusses for the period 1998–2008, at 9 kg ha-1yr-1 for P. Farmers suppose that reducing the surplusses will be costly, because it limits application of slurry, which then has to be either exported or additional land has to be purchased. Moreover, farmers are worried about the impact on soil fertility and crop growth. To explore the possibilities of reducing surplusses by improved management, farming systems research is carried out at prototype farm ‘De Marke’. Results indicate that average intensive dairy farms can reduce P surplus sufficiently, without the need to buy land or to export slurry. Key factors are reductions in purchased feeds (by reduced needs per kg milk as a result of a higher milk yield per cow, less young stock and judicious feeding) and fertilisers (by improved management of ‘home-made’ manure and an increased maize area). Initially, P fertility status of the fields of ‘De Marke’ decreased, but stabilised in the seventh year at a level not restrictive to crop production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009814905339
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One- and two-dimensional thermal modelling of orogenic crustal extension in the Tormes Gneissic Dome, NW Iberian Massif, Spain (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 88 (1999), S. 444-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Iberian Massif ; Thermal modelling ; Extensional deformation ; Low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphism ; P ; T paths
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Situated in the inner zone of the Variscan Iberian Massif, the Tormes Gneissic Dome offers a good opportunity for thermal modelling of orogenic crustal extension, because the P–T–t loops are well constrained by an extensive set of thermobarometric, structural and geochronological data. As an example of feedback between forward and inverse methods, the aim of this study was to establish one- and two-dimensional thermal models that reproduce the contrasting petrological P–T paths of two structural units separated by an extensional tectonic contact in the metamorphic complex, and to explain the spatial and temporary development of the low-pressure metamorphism in the rocks located just above this contact. In one dimension, the syn-extension path of the lower unit resulting from modelling is characterized by an isothermal decompression phase, followed by near isobaric cooling, which is typical of exhumed rocks. The upper unit path records a syn-extension near isobaric heating, more important in rocks just above the tectonic contact. Condensed isograds of low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphism in the basal upper unit are thus interpreted as a consequence of advective crustal extension and conductive upward heat transfer. In two dimensions, the delaminated simple shear geometric model of crustal extension explains the observed temperature rise in excess of 500  °C in the basal upper unit and is consistent with the spatial distribution of M2 low-pressure/high-temperature isograds. This demonstrates the important role of extensional structures produced during the collapse of the thickened crust in the thermal evolution. The heating phase, well explained with intermediate dip angle for extensional fault in the upper crust (45°) and finite extension of 75 km, is followed by cooling, thus reflecting normal erosional process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050277
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particulate Flux and Cd/P Ratio of Particulate Material in the Pacific Ocean (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 55 (1999), S. 693-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Keywords: Cd ; P ; settling particle ; CaCO3 ; opal ; sediment trap ; Pacific Ocean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Time-series Mark 7 sediment traps were deployed at three stations at 0°N, 13°N and 48°N along 175°E to investigate seasonal and spatial variations of particulate material flux. Chemical analysis of particulate material was performed for four major chemical components, viz. opal, CaCO3, organic material and clay minerals, Cd and P in the particulate material were also determined. We discuss the characteristics of particulate material at each site and the transportation of Cd and P to deep water by the particulate material. The total mass fluxes and variation of fluxes at each site reflect oceanographic conditions, such as biological productivity and kind of major planktonic organisms. At the northern site, large mass fluxes with a spring bloom and high ratios of opal are characteristic. Relatively small mass fluxes with high ratios of CaCO3 are distinct, and dissolution of CaCO3 due to sinking is recognized in the middle latitude and 0°N sites. The larger flux at the lower trap than the upper trap at the equatorial site suggests influence by lateral transport in the deep water. Distinctive decreasing Cd/P ratio and CaCO3 concentrations in the particulate material with increasing depth suggests that the change of Cd/P ratio in the intermediate and deep water occurs through the dissolution of CaCO3. The dissolved Cd/P ratios in the deep water are proportional to the age of the deep water in the Atlantic but not in the Pacific. This is explained by the difference of kinds of particulate material transporting Cd and P in the deep water between the oceans. That is, the major planktonic organisms are planktons of CaCO3 tests in the Atlantic Ocean and diatoms of opal tests in the North Pacific Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007864129612
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of synthetic sheep urine on N and P in two pastures in the Scottish uplands (1999)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 214 (1999), S. 93-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: grassland ; N ; P ; sheep urine ; soil ; soil solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Synthetic sheep urine additions (59 g N m−2) were made to pastures on two soils, at Fasset, a semi-natural grassland, and Strathfinella, an improved pasture. Urine was applied to microplots in May and the soil, grass and soil solution analyzed 1, 2, 4, 5, 12 and 23 weeks after the addition. At Fasset, the grass was scorched by urine and the standing biomass decreased compared to the control, increasing only after 5 weeks. The absence of scorching at the Strathfinella site was attributed to a greater biomass of root mat to buffer the roots from exposure to NH3and a greater rainfall immediately following treatment. Scorching reduced the uptake of N and it was not clear if the greater contents of NH4 + and the increases in soil pH at Fasset compared with Strathfinella were the causes or symptoms of the scorch effect. Amounts of extractable organic N (DON) were similar in both soils and increased during the first 4 weeks and then decreased. Urine addition both increased and decreased DON at different times, but the overall mean values were unchanged. Urine application changed the distribution of P in the two soils, increasing the soil solution P at Fasset by 80 mg P m−2 and raising the P content of herbage at Strathfinella by 600 mg P m−2. In the soil solution, dissolved forms of molybdate reactive P, organic P and condensed P fractions were all increased by the urine addition. After 23 weeks, condensed P made the greatest contribution to soil solution P in both soils indicating that this fraction was the least available for plant uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004785808259
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metamorphic evolution of eclogite and associated garnet-mica schist in the high-pressure metamorphic Maksyutov complex, Ural, Russia (1999)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 87 (1999), S. 561-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Ural ; Maksyutov complex ; Garnet ; Chloritoid ; P ; T path
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Metasedimentary garnet-mica schists are interlayered with metabasic garnet–omphacite schists and enclose eclogite boudins in the high-pressure metamorphic Maksyutov complex in the Southern Urals, Russia. These three rock types were investigated in one outcrop and compared chemographically and thermobarometrically. The Fe/Mg distributions between garnet rim–omphacite and garnet rim–phengite pairs indicate different equilibration temperatures for the three samples, with the lowest temperature (500°C, 〉1.5 GPa) for the eclogite boudin, an intermediate temperature (630°C, 〉1.7 GPa) for the foliated eclogite and the highest temperature (650°C, 〉1.7 GPa) for the garnet-mica schist. The garnets in garnet-mica schist enclose abundant chloritoid relics and the Fe/Mg distribution between chloritoid and garnet records an earlier high-temperature stage (650°C, 〉2.0 GPa) before the garnet rim–phengite temperatures were reached. Together with some minimum- and maximum-pressure estimates three different prograde pressure–temperature paths and a common retrograde metamorphic evolution are interpreted from the chemographic and thermobarometric data. The different early metamorphic evolutions and conditions confirm the variability of protoliths, which are also indicated by different U/Pb zircon and rutile ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050231
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variscan P–T deformation paths from the southwestern Aiguilles Rouges massif (External massif, western Alps) and their implication for its tectonic evolution (1998)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 87 (1998), S. 107-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Amphibolites ; Metapelites ; Mineral chemistry ; P ; T deformation paths ; Transpression ; Variscan ; Western Alps ; Aiguilles Rouges massif
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Petrological and structural investigations in metapelites and amphibolites were undertaken to unravel the Variscan tectonic and metamorphic evolution of the southwestern Aiguilles Rouges massif. The geometry of planar and linear structures indicates a transpressive deformation regime with a change from predominantly subhorizontal to subvertical movements during its evolution. In metapelite samples from gneiss areas, garnet zonation trends have been correlated with chemical variations in plagioclase and biotite by microstructural observations. Applied conventional cation-exchange and net-transfer geothermobarometers yielded anti-clockwise P–T-deformation paths. Clockwise P–T-deformation paths resulted from (Na, Ca)-amphibole zonations of amphibolite samples from a different lithotectonic unit. Notable differences in P–T conditions and the general shape of P–T paths for the gneisses and amphibolites indicate that the units do not represent a continuous metamorphic zonation and underwent no common tectono-metamorphic evolution throughout the entire deformation. The combination of P–T-deformation paths and structural investigations revealed first-stage thrust tectonics followed by a transpressive deformation which was responsible for the uplift of the southwestern Aiguilles Rouges massif.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050193
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional vs contact metamorphism of garnet metapelites in the vicinity of Late Variscan granites (Central Armorican Domain, Brittany, France) (1998)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 87 (1998), S. 78-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Microstructures ; Garnet micaschists ; Garnet hornfelses ; Regional and contact metamorphism ; Geothermobarometry ; P ; T deformation paths ; Gibbs method modelling ; Central Armorican massif ; Variscan orogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Late Variscan granites intruded Brioverian (Upper Proterozoic) and Lower Paleozoic pelitic sequences to the north of the South Armorican shear zone. In the vicinity of the granites, Brioverian garnet micaschists contain pre/syn-S2 assemblages with garnet + staurolite and post-S2 assemblages with staurolite ± andalusite. Andalusite appeared pre/syn- and post-S2 in garnet-free micaschists. The garnets in the Brioverian micaschists are zoned with increasing Mg and decreasing Mn and Ca from core to inner rim. Only poor garnet zonations occur in Paleozoic hornfelses of enclaves in the Rostrenen granite. The results of a microstructurally controlled application of garnet–biotite geothermometers and garnet–plagioclase geobarometers are similar to P–T trends obtained by the Gibbs method of garnet zonation modelling in the system NCFMnMASH. The P–T paths of a pre/syn-S2 regional metamorphism are clockwise between 500–550°C/8 kbar and 700°C/5 kbar, followed by cooling decompression. They contrast with isobaric contact metamorphism between 500 and 700°C at 2.5–3 kbar in Paleozoic hornfelses. This points to a two-stage Variscan metamorphism with a pre-granitic pressure-dominated event in the Brioverian micaschists, followed by Late Variscan contact metamorphism, and suggests the existence of a pre-granitic tectonic boundary between the micaschists and overlying low-grade sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050191
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of CO2 and nitrogen fertilization on vegetation and soil nutrient content in juvenile ponderosa pine (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 190 (1997), S. 29-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Ca ; CO2 ; fertilization ; K ; Mg ; N ; P ; Pinus ponderosa ; S ; soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This paper summarizes the data on nutrient uptake and soil responses in opentop chambers planted with ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) treated with both N and CO2. Based upon the literature, we hypothesized that 1) elevated CO2 would cause increased growth and yield of biomass per unit uptake of N even if N is limiting, and 2) elevated CO2 would cause increased biomass yield per unit uptake of other nutrients only by growth dilution and only if they are non-limiting. Hypothesis 1 was supported only in part: there were greater yields of biomass per unit N uptake in the first two years of growth but not in the third year. Hypothesis 2 was supported in many cases: elevated CO2 caused growth dilution (decreased concentrations but not decreased uptake) of P, S, and Mg. Effects of elevated CO2 on K, Ca, and B concentrations were smaller and mostly non-significant. There was no evidence that N responded in a unique manner to elevated CO2, despite its unique role in rubisco. Simple growth dilution seemed to explain nutrient responses in almost all cases. There were significant declines in soil exchangeable K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and extractable P over time which were attributed to disturbance effects associated with plowing. The only statistically significant treatment effects on soils were negative effects of elevated CO2 on mineralizeable N and extractable P, and positive effects of both N fertilization and CO2 on exchangeable Al3+. Soil exchangeable K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ pools remained much higher than vegetation pools, but extractable P pools were lower than vegetation pools in the third year of growth. There were also large losses of both native soil N and fertilizer N over time. These soil N losses could account for the observed losses in exchangeable K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ if N was nitrified and leached as NO 3 − .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004213826833
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphate induced carboxylate and proton release by tomato roots (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 191 (1997), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carboxylic anions ; P ; pH ; roots ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Exudation of carboxylic anions and protons by plant roots plays an important role in mobilizing soil P under P-deficiency conditions. The objective of this work was to quantify short-term (6 h) carboxylate and H+ exudation by tomato roots in response to P concentration (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mt M P) in nutrient solution (Cp). The exudation rate of tri- and dicarboxylates decreased exponentially with increasing Cp, from 0.3 to 0.03 μmol plant−1 6h−1. At low Cp the predominant exudates were fumarate, citrate and succinate, while at Cp=0.5 and 1.0 mt M the prevalent anions were succinate and citrate. The solution pH declined sharply as Cp was lowered from 0.1 (pH=4.2) to 0 mt M P (pH=3.7).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004262730434
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil acidity effects on nutrient use efficiency in exotic maize genotypes (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium toxicity ; P ; K ; Ca ; Mg ; Fe ; and Znefficiency ; t Zea mays L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Maize (t Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal grown in the world. In South and Central America, maize is mostly grown on acidic soils. On these soils, yields are limited by deficient levels of available P, Ca, and Mg, and toxic levels of Al and Mn. A greenhouse study was conducted with 22 maize genotypes originating from Africa, Europe, and North, Central, and South America on acid, dark red latosol (Typic Haplorthox) at 2%, 41%, and 64% Al saturation at corresponding pH of 5.6, 4.5, and 4.3. With increasing Al levels, the nutrient efficiency ratios (NER = mgs of dry shoot weight / mg of element in shoot) for K, Ca and Mg increased, and NER for P and Zn tended to decrease. Overall, Al-tolerant genotypes produced higher shoot and root weight and had higher NER for P, Ca Mg, and Fe at 41% Al saturation. Genotypes used in this study showed genetic diversity for growth and NER of essential nutrients. It was concluded that selection of acid-soil-tolerant genotypes and further breeding of acid-soil-tolerant maize cultivars are feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004260222681
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-peak re-equilibration in a mafic gneiss from the KTB main hole: implications for the metamorphic evolution (1997)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 86 (1997), S. S222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words KTB ; P ; T ; t evolution ; Diffusion ; Net-transfer reactions ; Garnet ; Biotite ; Hornblende
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Detailed microprobe investigations were carried out on mineral phases of a mafic garnet–biotite–hornblende and garnet–biotite gneiss from the KTB main hole. The results indicate that the complex zonation patterns of garnet porphyroblasts are mainly due to post-growth diffusional exchange, as constrained by theoretical modelling. Moreover, the chemical composition of biotite and hornblende enclosed in garnet were also changed by later diffusion and retrograde net-transfer reactions. Therefore, the garnet zonation in combination with mineral inclusions cannot be used to reconstruct the prograde metamorphic evolution or to estimate the maximum temperatures attained. However, by applying the GRISP geobarometer, minimum pressures of 8.5 kbar (at 700 °C) can be derived for the metamorphic peak, well conforming to previous estimates on the amphibolite-facies metamorphic stage of the KTB metamorphics. Mineral assemblages formed during the retrograde evolution allow to estimate P–T–X conditions of approximately 3 kbar, 450 °C and X(H2O)=0.9.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014656
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for salt stress detection in roses (1997)
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 33 (1997), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: CaCl2 ; dry matter production ; gas exchange ; irradiation stress ; K ; leaf thickness ; Mg ; N ; NaCl ; nutrient content ; P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The induction kinetic of the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence and the Fv/Fm ratio have been tested in order to find out the suitability of this technique to evaluate damage caused by salinity in plants of Rosa hybrida cv. Ilseta grafted on R. manetti growing in a greenhouse under non-saturating irradiance. Under these conditions salinity induced changes in plants morphology, nutrient and Chl contents and in the gas exchange parameters, but not in the Fv/Fm ratio. The Rfd index did not reveal more information. The Fv/Fm ratio as well as the fluorescence induction curves were more affected by salinity when an irradiation stress was added, therefore as an indicator of salt stress in roses, Chl fluorescence is of limited use when the plants are grown without additional stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022176700857
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transpiration and drought resistance of Douglas-fir seedlings exposed to excess ammonium (1996)
    Springer
    Trees 10 (1996), S. 301-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Keywords: K ; P ; Pseudotsuga menziesii ; Root/shoot ratio ; Soil acidification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a pot trial growth and transpiration of 3-year-old Douglas-fir seedlings on an acid, sandy soil was examined at a deficient (30 kg N ha-1 year-1) and an excessive level (120 kg N ha-1 year-1 of NH4 application. Dissolved ammonium sulphate was applied to the pots weekly for two growing seasons. In half of the pots a complete set of other nutrients was applied in optimal proportions to the applied nitrogen. Water supply was optimal and transpiration was recorded. At the end of the second treatment season irrigation was stopped for 2 weeks during dry and sunny weather. Both high application of NH4 and additional nutrients increased shoot growth and transpiration demand in the first treatment year. The root system was smaller at higher N level and this reduced water uptake accordingly. In the second year the combination of high NH4 + and additional nutrients affected root functioning predominantly due to salinity effects and this seriously decreased water uptake capacity and shoot water potentials, finally resulting in tree death. Without addition of other nutrients the high NH4 + application resulted in a high degree of soil acidification, which damaged the roots, that showed a decrease in water uptake capacity. At the low NH4 supply level soil acidification was lower, and root functioning was not affected, and the trees recovered quickly from the imposed drought. Higher needle K and P status depressed transpiration rates at the low NH4 application rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02340776
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Towards a practical approach to fertilizer recommendations for food crop production in smallholder farms in Kenya (1996)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 47 (1996), S. 213-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Agro-ecological zones ; (AEZ) ; cabbages ; economic optimum (fertilizer rates) ; fertilizer response ; GIS ; maize ; modelling ; N ; P ; potatoes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A comprehensive long-term fertilizer trial programme for annual crops was established in 1985 at 70 sites in the high and medium rainfall areas of Kenya testing N and P, farmyard manure and other critical nutrients. Sites were selected according to their representativeness regarding soils and climate in agro-ecological units. The fertilizer trial programme included all major food crops typical for the respective area, both monocropped and intercropped in the case of cereals. Economic optimum fertilizer rates were calculated taking into account input/output price ratios and value-cost ratios. The majority of sites showed responses to N or P, only at one site response to both N and P with a significant interaction was found. Price elasticity of crops such as potatoes and cabbages was higher than that of maize or sorghum. Critical soil P levels were determined for maize at 13 ppm P for modified Olsen extract and 32 ppm P for Mehlich I extract. Variability of rainfall was found to greatly influence viability of fertilizer recommendations. First attempts to extrapolate fertilizer recommendations from areas of representativeness to areas with similar conditions by means of GIS and modelling approaches are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01986276
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transpiration and drought resistance of Douglas-fir seedlings exposed to excess ammonium (1996)
    Springer
    Trees 10 (1996), S. 301-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words K ; P ; Pseudotsuga menziesii ; Root/shoot ratio ; Soil acidification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  In a pot trial growth and transpiration of 3-year-old Douglas-fir seedlings on an acid, sandy soil was examined at a deficient (30 kg N ha –  1 year –  1) and an excessive level (120 kg N ha –  1 year –  1) of NH4 application. Dissolved ammonium sulphate was applied to the pots weekly for two growing seasons. In half of the pots a complete set of other nutrients was applied in optimal proportions to the applied nitrogen. Water supply was optimal and transpiration was recorded. At the end of the second treatment season irrigation was stopped for 2 weeks during dry and sunny weather. Both high application of NH4 and additional nutrients increased shoot growth and transpiration demand in the first treatment year. The root system was smaller at higher N level and this reduced water uptake accordingly. In the second year the combination of high NH4 + and additional nutrients affected root functioning predominantly due to salinity effects and this seriously decreased water uptake capacity and shoot water potentials, finally resulting in tree death. Without addition of other nutrients the high NH4 + application resulted in a high degree of soil acidification, which damaged the roots, that showed a decrease in water uptake capacity. At the low NH4 supply level soil acidification was lower, and root functioning was not affected, and the trees recovered quickly from the imposed drought. Higher needle K and P status depressed transpiration rates at the low NH4 application rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680050037
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recoil spectrometry: Ion accelerator based elemental characterisation of surface layers (1995)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 120 (1995), S. 171-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: elemental analysis ; depth profiling ; surfaces ; interface ; C ; O ; N ; Al ; Si ; S ; P ; Ni ; Zn ; zinc dialkyldithiophosphate ; GaAs ; AlxGa1−x As ; InP ; tribology ; lubricating oils ; boundary lubrication ; ferrous metals ; time-of-flight ; quantum wells ; thin-films ; metallisation ; ion beam analysis ; recoil atoms ; ion accelerators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Recoil Spectrometry covers a group of techniques that are very similar to the well known Rutherford backscattering Spectrometry technique, but with the important difference that one measures the recoiling target atom rather than the projectile ion. This makes it possible to determine both the identity of the recoil and its depth of origin from its energy and velocity, using a suitable detector system. The incident ion is typically high-energy (30–100MeV)35C1,81Br or127I. Low concentrations of light elements such as C, O and N can be profiled in a heavy matrix such as Fe or GaAs. Here we present an overview of mass and energy dispersive recoil Spectrometry and illustrate its successful use in some typical applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244430
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of Mg on Ca, K and P content of date palm seedlings under mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal conditions (1994)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 35 (1994), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Ca ; date palm ; K ; Mg ; P ; VA mycorrhiza
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the presence or absence of Mg in the nutrient solution and of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) on the content and partitioning of Ca, K and P between root and shoot of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedlings were examined under greenhouse conditions using soil as basal medium. Mg content of the soil was 14.95 µmol/g dry soil. The infection percentages after inoculation of VAMF were 66.0% and 55.5%, respectively, on application of −Mg and +Mg nutrient solution. Ca content of both roots and shoots did not change by these treatments; but a highly significant decrease in shoots was recorded on −Mg and +VAMF treatment. K content of root was significantly elevated by −Mg and +VAMF treatment but no changes were observed in shoots. P content of both roots and shoots increased significantly with +VAMF regardless of the presence or absence of Mg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268440
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of extraction methods for evaluating Fe and P in flooded rice soils (1994)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 165 (1994), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: DTPA ; EDTA ; Fe, oxalate ; P ; rice soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Poorly crystalline Fe in soil has been shown to affect Fe and P availability. Oxalate extractable Fe, a measure of poorly crystalline Fe oxides, has not been compared to soil test methods for Fe and P in rice soils. Twenty eight soils used for rice production were incubated under aerobic and anaerobic soil conditions and extracted for Fe and P with ammonium oxalate, ammonium acetate-EDTA (AA-EDTA), ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA (AB-DTPA) and DTPA. Citrate-dithionite extractable Fe and Fe content of rice plants in a greenhouse experiment were also determined. Soils used in this experiment had a large amount of poorly-crystalline Fe oxide. In some soils, poorly-crystalline Fe constituted 60% of the citrate-dithionite extractable Fe. The amount of extractable Fe and P increased significantly under anaerobic conditions. The relationships between extractants showed that DTPA Fe was highly correlated to AB-DTPA Fe and oxalate Fe was highly correlated to AA-EDTA Fe. There was no relationship between Fe and P extracted by AB-DTPA, while there was a better relationship with ammonium oxalate and AA-EDTA extractants. Poorly-crystalline Fe and P extracted by ammonium oxalate were correlated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008065
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alley cropping rice (Oryza sativa var.Barafita) with cassia (Cassia siamea): soil fertility and crop production (1993)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 21 (1993), S. 147-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: crop yield ; hedgerow proximity ; The Gambia ; agroforestry ; N ; P ; K ; organic matter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Rice grain weight and quality (weight of larger size fractions), soil pH, and N, P, K and organic matter content were studied where rice was alley cropped with cassia on a semiarid site in The Gambia. The four treatments, control (no cassia prunings or inorganic fertilizer added), only prunings added, prunings plus half the recommended fertilizer rate and prunings plus full recommended rate of fertilizer, were applied in a Latin square design with 10×8 m plots, each sub-divided into two 4-m wide alleys. Fertilizer was applied twice; full rates were 93.7 kg/ha NPK (8:24:24) plus 32.4 kg/ha urea followed two weeks later by 100 kg/ha urea applied as side dressing. Soil samples collected before and after cropping at 0–10 cm and 10–15 cm depths and cassia pruning samples were analyzed for pH, N, P, K and organic matter content. Our results do not show significant benefit of cassia prunings applied as mulch to grain weight or quality in alley cropping rice with cassia. The addition of inorganic fertilizer plus cassia prunings did not increase rice grain and straw weights (p=0.3447 and p=0.0691, respectively) compared to the control and prunings only treatments. In all treatments, the outer rows, those within 80 cm of hedgerows, produced significantly less grain (p=0.0002) and straw than inner rows. Neither the larger grade A nor the smaller grade B grain weights were significantly different (p=0.6017 and p=0.0629, respectively) between treatments. Weight of grain, straw, and larger grade A and smaller grade B quality grain did not differ significantly for inner and outer rows (p=0.6329, p=0.7148, p=0.7171 and p=1.000, respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705226
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of N and P rates and proportional timing of N application on rainfed wheat in Zambia (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 149 (1993), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: alfisol ; grain yield and quality ; N ; P ; rainfed wheat ; rates ; split application ; timing ; tropics ; yield components ; Zambia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A study was carried out to establish the optimum rates of N and P fertilizers, optimal ratio of basal to top dressed N and time for top dressing the balance of total N in rainfed wheat in the high rainfall zone of northern Zambia. Grain yield, number of spikes per unit area and number of kernels per spike increased with both N and P rates. Except for kernel weight, the other yield components were positively correlated with grain yield. Split application with a ratio favouring top dressing, and applied four weeks after seeding gave higher yields than ratios favouring basal dressing. Initial fertility levels and rainfall distribution influence on the effects of these factors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010764
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of burning on selected soil parameters in a grass fallow shifting cultivation system in Bhutan (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 149 (1993), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: C-dynamics ; Fagopyrum tataricum ; grass fallow ; Himalaya ; labor input ; N-dynamics ; P ; shifting cultivation ; soil fertility ; soil temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Grass fallow shifting cultivation is an important land use practice in the highlands of Bhutan. Part of the nutrient pool contained in soil organic matter is made available for the traditional buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) crop through a highly labor intensive system exposing 250–500 MT soil ha−1 to temperatures of 500°C and above. Dry topsoil is collected in mounds and burned using plant biomass or manure and soil organic matter as fuel. Labor input ranged from 150–401 days ha−1 with land preparation accounting for 65–85% of the total requirement. The burning increased soil pH from 6.0 to 6.9 and available K from 34 to 69 mg kg−1. Soil organic C and total N were reduced from 3.3 and 0.17% to 0.8 and 0.08%, respectively. Release of P from soil organic matter and plant material and reduction in C/N ratio resulting in increased N availability are considered the most essential effects required for good crop yields. Through the burning about 16 MT of C and 470 kg N ha−1 are released into the atmosphere. Fallow periods of 15–20 years are required for the system to be sustainable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010762
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alley cropping maize (Zea mays var.Jeka) with cassia (Cassia siamea) in The Gambia: crop production and soil fertility (1993)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 21 (1993), S. 133-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: crop yield ; hedgerow proximity ; The Gambia ; agroforestry ; N ; P ; K ; organic matter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The relative contributions of cassia prunings and inorganic fertilizer to yield of maize (number of ears and weight of grain, ears, cobs and stover), maize grain quality (weight of 3 largest size fractions) and soil pH, N, P, K and organic matter contents were investigated at a semi-arid site in The Gambia. Four treatments: control (no prunings or fertilizer applied), only prunings applied, prunings plus half the recommended rate of fertilizer, and the full recommended fertilizer rate plus prunings, were replicated in a Latin square design. At the full fertilizer rate, 125 kg/ha of NPK (8∶24∶24) plus 43.5 kg/ha urea was broadcast at the time of sowing followed by 100 kg/ha of urea applied as side dressing two weeks after crop germination. Soil N, P, K organic matter and pH were not significantly different either before cropping or after crop harvest in both 0–10 and 10–15 cm soil depth. Crop yield, as measured by number and dry weight of ears, stover, grain and cob weights, was significantly different among treatments (p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001 and p=0.0001, respectively). The application of prunings plus full recommended fertilizer produced the highest yields. The weights of the three largest grain size fractions, grades A, B, and C, differed significantly between treatments (p=0.0026, p=0.0001 and p=0.0001, respectively). Yield of grade A grain increased by 202% over control with application of prunings plus full rate fertilizer and declined by 31% relative to the control with application of only prunings. More grade A, B and C grain was produced with application of full rate fertilizer plus prunings than in control treatments. However, application of half rate fertilizer plus prunings produced a higher proportion of grade A grain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705225
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of inorganic N, P and K in peat soils; effect of temperature, water chemistry and water level (1993)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 20 (1993), S. 63-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: nutrient release ; peat soil ; temperature ; water chemistry ; water level ; wetland ; N ; P ; K ; eutrophication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In the Netherlands, fens that are fed by polluted river water are often eutrophic, whereas fens fed by calcium-rich groundwater often are mesotrophic. Differences in trophic status can not always be attributed to differences in the nutrient load of the water. In this paper we try to determine if the inflow of river water in fens, in fact, accelerates the soil nutrient release, thereby creating more eutrophic conditions (‘internal eutrophication’). For this purpose, we compared nutrient release rates (N, P and K) in soil cores fromSphagnum peat andCarex peat saturated with different media, that were artificially created to mimic the three basic water sources: polluted river water, unpolluted calcium-rich groundwater and rainwater. In addition, we studied the effect of temperature and water level on nutrient release rates. The experiments proved thatSphagnum peat released much more P and ammonium thanCarex peat. The strong site effect proved consistent throughout the water chemistry treatments, which indicates that soil quality may be the most important agent determining nutrient release rates. Nevertheless, it was established that water chemistry and water level are of significant influence on nutrient release rates in peat soils. In particular, river water stimulated P release by the peat, most notably in theSphagnum peat. P-release in both soils was only minor when the soils were incubated in clean Ca-rich groundwater. It is suggested that P release is strongly associated with soil chemical processes, and that high P release rates after incubation in river water are due to the high sulphate content of the water. The net release from the soil of ammonium, potassium and phosphate increased with increasing temperature. A freezing treatment significantly increased nutrient availability. The results of the experiments are examined in the context of hydrologic management strategies for the conservation of fens in agricultural landscapes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004135
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer value of pig slurries processed by the Promest procedure (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 32 (1992), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Pig slurry ; processing ; relative efficiency index ; N ; P ; K ; organic carbon ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In the Netherlands, pig slurries are processed to improve their fertilizer value as well as handling and application. The relative efficiency index (REI) of N, P and K and the stability of organic carbon (C) in test products of processed pig slurries (PPS) were determined in pot and incubation experiments. The dry and easily manageable PPS were produced according to the Promest procedure. The mineral fraction of total N varied from 60 to 88%. It consisted mainly of nitrate. About 25% of the organic N was rapidly mineralized. The REI of N varied from 66 to 92%. After application REI of P from pelletized PPS varied from 41 to 62% in the first half year. The REI of P in ground but non-pelletized PPS varied from 81 to 100%. The REI of K was estimated to be 100%. PPS contained less easily decomposable organic C than untreated pig slurry due to the anaerobic digestion step in the processing procedure. About 34% of the organic C disappeared as methane and carbon dioxide during processing. It was concluded that processing improved the fertilizer value of PPS compared with that of untreated pig slurry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054395
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of soil oxygen availability on yield and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na) by winter rye (Secale cereale) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 143 (1992), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aeration ; mineral composition ; nutrient uptake ; Secale cereale ; winter rye ; N ; P ; K ; Ca ; Mg ; Na
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The influence of soil oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) on winter rye (Secale cereale cv Dańkowskie Nowe) growth, yield, and mineral composition was studied in the greenhouse. A range of soil ODR values was created by manipulating soil water tension and soil bulk density. The soil bulk densities used during the experiment were: 1.20, 1.35 and 1.50 Mg m-3. The soil water tensions used were 15–80 kPa (control), 2–5 kPa and 0 kPa (2–5 mm of water ponded on the soil surface). The 2–5 and 0 kPa water tensions were applied for 15 days beginning at 3 growth stages (stress I at two-three leaves, stress II at shooting, stress III at heading). Yield at full maturity decreased to as little as 30–50% of the controls when ODR dropped below 20 μg m-2 s-1. When soil hypoxia occurred early (2–3 leaves, or shooting), straw weight decreased for ODR〈20 μg m-2 s-1 and root potassium content increased for ODR below 10 μg m-2 s-1. The uptake of all measured macroelements was decreased at low oxygen availability. Oxygen diffusion rates of 〉30 μg m-2 s-1 were needed for adequate nutrient uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00007882
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Top and root growth and nutrient absorption ofPrunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 122 (1990), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: P ; Prunus avium L. ; root length ; root nutrient inflow ; soil pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract One-year-oldPrunus avium L. were grown under greenhouse conditions in a Countesswells soil in all combinations of 2 pH and 2 P levels. The soil, obtained from a long-term liming and fertilizer experiment, provided pH values throughout the experiment of 3.75–3.99 (pH 1) and 4.81–5.41 (pH 2). The P treatments had 0.43% acetic acid extractable P of 31–44 μg g-1 (P1) and 145–173 μg g-1 (P2). The trees were harvested 92 (H1), 134 (H2), and 168 (H3) days after initiation of growth. Top (leaf+new stem) dry weight was significantly increased for pH 2 and P2 at H2 and H3. P2 also increased leaf weight (H1), the weight of the original stem-root (H2 and H3), and root length but decreased root diameter at both soil pHs (H2 and H3). Total tree uptake of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg was also increased by pH-P combinations which had significantly greater dry matter production and root length. Total Mn uptake decreased at pH2. Root nutrient inflows (uM m-1 day-1) were increased for Ca at pH2 and for P at P2. Mn inflow decreased at pH2 and at pH1 P2 although the increased root length associated with the latter treatmen resulted in increased total tree Mn uptake. In general, high nutrient inflows occurred in all trees at H1 and in severely stunted trees at pH1 P1; both had larger than average root diameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02444113
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 123 (1990), S. 89-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Lolium perenne ; dry weight ; shoots ; roots Al ; Cr ; Cu ; Fe ; P ; Zn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Si(OH)4 on Cr toxicity and elemental concentrations in ryegrass were investigated in a growth chamber using an acid and a neutral mineral soil. Each soil was treated with 50 mg Cr, as CrO3, kg−1 soil dry weight, singly, or in combination with 25 mg Si as Si(OH)4. Plants growing in unamended soils were used as controls. Chromium toxicity, expressed as decrease in shoot or root dry weight, was increased by the Si. This increase was accompanied by a higher Cr uptake particularly on the acid soil. The shoot and root dry weights were significantly correlated (P=1%) with the concentration of Cr, where r=−0.80 and −0.65, respectively. Uptake of Al, Cu, Fe, P and Zn did not show any consistent relationship to the magnitude of Cr toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009930
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-and long-term fertility trials in Colombia to determine the nutrient requirements of cassava (1990)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 26 (1990), S. 61-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Cassava ; fertilization ; N ; P ; K ; short- and long-term nutrient requirements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract One-year simple NPK trials were conducted in 22 locations in four regions of Colombia to determine the response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) to N, P and K and to relate this response to the available P and K contents of the soil, as well as to the N, P, and K concentrations in youngest fully expanded leaf (YFEL) blades sampled at 3–5 months after planting. It was found that cassava responded mainly to P applications in the low-P soils of the Eastern Plains and of Cauca Department, to K applications only in the Eastern Plains and to N applications principally in the sandy, low-OM soils of the Atlantic Coast. By relating the relative response to P and K to the available P and exchangeable K content of the soil, respectively, critical levels of 4 mg P/kg and 0.17 me K/100 g (both extracted with Bray II) were determined. Similarly, critical levels of 5.6% N, 0.41% P and 1.42% K were determined in YFEL-blades. A long-term fertilizer trial with 35 treatments was conducted for 8 consecutive years in the highly acid low-fertility soil at CIAT-Quilichao, to determine the effect of cassava production and fertilization on soil fertility. Although the first year response was mainly to P and N, already in the second year K became the most limiting nutrient and the importance of K fertilization increased over the years. This trial, and similar long-term fertility trials conducted in Colombia and in various parts of Asia, have all shown the importance of adequate annual applications of K for maintaining high yields of continuously grown cassava.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048744
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Top and root growth and nutrient absorption of Prunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 121 (1990), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: P ; Prunus avium L. ; root length ; root nutrient inflow ; soil pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract One-year-old Prunus avium L. were grown under greenhouse conditions in a Countesswells soil in all combinations of 2 pH and 2 P levels. The soil, obtained from a long-term liming and fertilizer experiment, provided pH values throughout the experiment of 3.75–3.99 (pH 1) and 4.81–5.41 (pH 2). The P treatments had 0.43% acetic acid extractable P of 31–44 μg g-1 (P1) and 145–173 μg g-1 (P2). The trees were harvested 92 (H1), 134 (H2), and 168 (H3) days after initiation of growth. Top (leaf+new stem) dry weight was significantly increased for pH 2 and P2 at H2 and H3. P2 also increased leaf weight (H1), the weight of the original stem-root (H2 and H3), and root length but decreased root diameter at both soil pHs (H2 and H3). Total tree uptake of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg was also increased by pH-P combinations which had significantly greater dry matter production and root length. Total Mn uptake decreased at pH2. Root nutrient inflows (uM m-1 day-1) were increased for Ca at pH2 and for P at P2. Mn inflow decreased at pH2 and at pH1 P2 although the increased root length associated with the latter treatmen resulted in increased total tree Mn uptake. In general, high nutrient inflows occurred in all trees at H1 and in severely stunted trees at pH1 P1; both had larger than average root diameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00013106
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Sesbania, Azolla and rice straw incorporation on the kinetics of NH4, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and P in some flooded rice soils (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 116 (1989), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla ; flooded soil ; green manure ; N recovery ; kinetics of NH4 ; K ; Fe ; Mn ; Zn ; P ; N immobilization ; N release ; Sesbania rostrata ; soil solution NH 4 + −N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a greenhouse study, with and without rice plants, of five flooded Philippine rice soils whose organic C (OC) content varied from 0.5 to 3.6%, incorporation ofSesbania rostrata, Azolla microphylla and rice straw affected the kinetics of soil solution NH 4 + −N, K+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and P. Sesbania and Azolla increased NH 4 + −N concentration above the control treatment, whereas rice straw depressed it. In all soils Azolla released less NH 4 + −N than Sesbania. The apparent net N release depended on the soil and ranged from 44–81% for Sesbania and 27–52% for Azolla. These effects persisted throughout the growth of IR36. Soil solution and exchangeable NH 4 + −N increased initially but levelled off between 30 to 80 days and between 20 to 40 days after flooding (DF), respectively. With rice, soil solution NH 4 + −N concentration, reached a peak at 15–40 DF and declined to very low levels (〈4mg L−1). In the 3 soils of low OC content nitrogen derived from green manure ranged from 34–53% and the apparent revovery of added green manure N varied from 29–67%. Almost all N released from both Azolla and Sesbania were recovered in the rice plant in all soils except Concepcion with only 77%. The concentration of K+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and P in the soil solution were higher with rice straw than Sesbania and Azolla in all soils except Hanggan which showed no change in Fe2+ and Mn2+ but increased K+ and P. In general, rice straw, Sesbania and Azolla decreased Zn2+ concentration in all soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327255
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and cacao with poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica (1989)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 8 (1989), S. 267-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: Ca ; Cordia alliodora ; Erythrina poeppigiana ; evaporation ; interception ; K ; Mg ; N ; P ; shade trees ; Theobroma cacao ; transpiration ; water balances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The hydrological balances for the agroforestry systems of Theobroma cacao with Cordia alliodora or Erythrina poeppigiana were calculated using measurements taken over four years (1983–1987) of the following parameters: climatic (precipitation, evaporation); edaphological (texture, soil moisture tension, hydraulic conductivity, variations in soil moisture content). Water fluxes (interception, simulation of transpiration and percolation) were estimated from one year of measurements (1986–1987). Weekly samples of percolated water were taken from March 1986 – March 1987 using lysimetric capsules at 100 cm soil depth. N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations were determined to calculate the annual leaching losses. Nutrient concentration values were extrapolated for the whole 4 years observation period, in order to calculate leaching losses for the whole study period. Precipitation samples were also taken to determine the corresponding annual nutrient inputs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129654
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental changes of plasma alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and inorganic phosphorus in relation to the growth of bones in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) (1988)
    Springer
    Primates 29 (1988), S. 395-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: ALP ; Ca ; P ; Development ; Japanese macaque
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and inorganic phosphorus in the Japanese macaque were measured during its growing period. The plasma ALP level within two days after birth was 818±186 IU/1, and the level showed a temporary peak at about 2 months of age (2747±763 IU/1). The ALP level formed a plateau from 1 to 3 years of age, then decreased again and reached finally an adult level (211±71 IU/1). Sex differences were observed twice during the animal's lifetime, from 6 to 9 months of age and from 3 to 7 years of age. On integration of this complicated curve, a correlation was observed with the development of the length of the bones. The plasma levels of calcium and inorganic phosphorus which were high within two days after birth, reached adult levels at 3 months and 5 years of age, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380962
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on decomposition of two species of Salvina (1986)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 131 (1986), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: decomposition ; litter ; N ; P ; Ca ; Mg ; Salvinia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Decomposition of two species of Salvina, S. molesta Mitchell and S. cucullata Roxb. was studied for 220 days by the litter bag method. Salvinia molesta decomposes faster in the initial stages and S. cucullata in the later stages of decomposition. The release of nutrients is rapid during the first seven days and is ascribed to leaching. The rate of release of nutrients differs in the two species, with higher rates for P, Ca and Mg in S. molesta and for N in S. cucullata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008324
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential response of stomata to air humidity in the parasitic mistletoe (Phthirusa pyrifolia) and its host, mandarin orange (Citrus resitulata) (1986)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 9 (1986), S. 333-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: apparent photosynthetic rate ; Citrus reticulata ; leaf conductance ; Loranthaceae ; stomatal density ; transpiration ; N ; P ; K ; Ca ; Mg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of CO2 and H2O exchange rate and the calculated leaf conductance of attached leaves were conducted over a range of leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference (VPD) (1.5 to 5.5 kPa) to compare the response of the parasitic mistletoe, Phthirusa pyrifolia, with that of its host, the mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata. Seedlings of the host infected with the parasite were grown in well-watered and adequately fertilized large pots outdoors at the CIAT headquarters, Palmira, Colombia, South America. Observations of leaf anatomy of the parasite and nutrient analysis of young tissues of both the parasite and host were made. The photosynthetic rate of the host decreased linearly with increased VPD, whereas the parasite showed a constant rate. This trend coincided with similar responses in leaf conductance. Due to the insensitivity of the parasite stomata, the transpiration rate increased linearly with VPD as compared with an initial increase and then a decrease in the host transpiration rate. The higher photosynthetic rate and the closure of stomata of the host resulted in high water use efficiency as compared with that of the parasite. The parasite accumulated in its leaves more N, P, K and less Ca and Mg than the host. The significance of the host-parasite differential response to air humidity is discussed in relation to mechanism underlying stomatal sensitivity and in the context of host-parasite association.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029798
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution du sélénium et de seize éléments dans les différents organes deTrifolium repens (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 92 (1986), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al ; Distribution ; Eléments ; Fe ; Feuilles ; P ; Racines ; Se ; Trifolium repens ; A1 ; Distribution ; Elements ; Fe ; Leaves ; P ; Roots ; Se ; Trifolium repens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Sandy clay loam soils in the La Roche-Posay area, and the different parts ofTrifolium repens growing on 9 locations, were analyzed for their contents of selenium and 16 other elements. The level of K, P, Se in the young leaves was 2 or 3 times higher than in the old organs. The roots showed the lowest contents for these three elements. By contrast, their content of Al, Fe, As were 10 times higher than in the young leaves. When the content of Se in leaves and roots was low, the contents of P, Al and Fe increased with increasing contents of Se. When the level of Se was high, the reverse was the case.
    Notes: Résumé Nous avons analysé les teneurs en sélénium et en seize autres éléments minéraux dans des sols sablo-argileux de la région de La Roche-Posay (France) ainsi que celles des différents organes de 9 lots deTrifolium repens collectésin situ. Les jeunes feuilles accumulent 2 à 3 fois plus de K, P et Se que les organes agés. Le système radiculaire constitute l'une des parties les moins bien pourvues en ces trois éléments. Inversement avec une teneur près de 10 fois supérieure à celle des jeunes feuilles, les racines retienent une forte proportion de Al, Fe et As. Compte tenu d'une concentration croissante en Se dans le feuillage et les racines, il s'avère qu'aux plus faibles teneurs correspondent parallèlement des augmentations de concentrations en P, Al et Fe alors qu'elles s'effondrent aux plus forts niveaux de Se. Le phosphore est l'élément le moins sensible à ces fluctuations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372263
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient contribution and maize performance in alley cropping systems (1986)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 4 (1986), S. 247-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: woody perennials ; N ; P ; and K contribution alley cropping systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Dry matter yield and potential contribution of N, P and K of some woody perennials as well as performance of maize were assessed in an alley cropping system at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. Dry matter yield was highest forCassia, followed byGliricidia and theFlemingia. Whereas dry matter yields ofCassia varied significantly at the various pruning times, those ofGliricidia andFlemingia were relatively uniform.Gliricidia contributed the highest amount of N from the cutback (first pruning) and three subsequent prunings. Dry wood yield at cutback was 14.5, 6.8 and 29.7 tonnes/ha forGliricidia, Flemingia andCassia respectively. Coppicing rate was faster inGliricidia thanFlemingia andCassia. Maize height, stover and cob weights were reduced though insignificantly, for the maize rows close to the shrub hedgerows compared to those in the middle of the alleys. For the plots without N application and prunings removed, the maize near the hedgerows showed better performance than those in the middle of the alleys. The results indicate that N supplementation is needed in the alley cropping systems to optimize yield. The amount of N required is higher inFlemingia alleys than forGliricidia andCassia. Root growth of maize was found to be restricted in control plots without hedges; uptake of the major nutrients (N, P and K) was also found to be similarly affected in those plots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02028359
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of legume understorey on decomposition and nutrient content of eucalypt forest litter (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 92 (1986), S. 235-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acacia pulchella ; Australia ; Decomposition ; Eucalyptus marginata ; Legumes ; Litter ; N ; P ; Understorey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Sm.) forest of south-western Australia dense germination and regeneration of the native legumeAcacia Pulchella R. Br. can occur following moderate to high intensity fire. The effect of this legume understorey on rate of decomposition and change in nutrient content ofE. marginata litter was investigated using the mesh bag techniques and by examining four components of forest floor litter representing increasing stages of decomposition. E. marginata leaf litter confined in mesh bags lost 37% of its initial dry weight in the first 8 months on the forest floor and 44% of its initial dry weight after 20 months. During this period weight loss was similar for leaf litter located in forest without legume understorey and for leaf litter placed under dense stands ofA. pulchella. MixingA. pulchella litter withE. marginata litter had no significant effect on rate ofE. marginata litter breakdown. The presence of understorey vegetation had a marked effect on chemical composition of decomposingE. marginata leaves. After 8 and 20 months exposure on the forest floor, leaf litter in mesh bags placed underA. pulchella understorey had significantly (P〈0.001) higher concentration and contained significantly (P〈0.001) greater amounts of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg than leaf litter placed in areas without legume understorey. This effect was particularly marked for N and P. In forest without legume understorey the amounts of these two nutrients inE. marginata leaf litter changed little during the first 20 months of decomposition, but forE. marginata leaf litter in mesh bags underA. pulchella there were absolute gains of up to 68% in the amount of N and 109% in the amount of P during this period. This represents accumulation of N and P from sources outside the litter bags. The concentration of N, P, S, Ca and Mg were higher at each of the four stages of decomposition in eucalypt leaf litter collected from the forest floor beneathA. pulchella compared to eucalypt leaf litter collected in forest without understorey. Concentrations of N, P and S increased with stage of decomposition. Levels of these three nutrients in eucalypt litter from under the legume were 1.5 to 2.9 fold higher than in the same component of litter from forest without understorey. The effect of legume understorey on nutrient concentrations in the forest floor and on Cielement ratios in decomposing litter is discussed in relation to long term rates of litter breakdown and net mineralisation of litter nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372637
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of fruit colour in a wild Russian red raspberry seedling (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 507-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Rubus idaeus ; red raspberry ; fruit colour ; spine colour ; inheritance ; genes i ; P ; T ; S
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A new gene, i, from a self-incompatible wild Russian Rubus idaeus seedling is described. The gene i interacts with the fruit colour gene T, Tii plants having apricot instead of red fruits, and spines, leaves and stems pigmented to varying degrees. A deficit of apricot-fruited seedlings in progenies segregating for i could be explained by linkage between i and the self-incompatibility S locus with a crossover value of approximately 26.7%. Segregations for spine colour in crosses and backcrosses of the Russian seedling with two green-spined (ttII) raspberries selected for their yellow fruit colour, showed that both the latter carried the spine colour intensifier gene P. This suggests that earlier authors were incorrect in attributing the apricot fruit colour developed by some tt plants to a pleiotropic effect of P.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021151
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of soil pH, nutrients and moisture on phytophthora root rot of avocado (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 81 (1984), S. 165-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Avocado ; Ca ; Mn ; Oxisol ; P ; pH ; Phytophthora root rot ; Soil water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary This experiment employed a factorial design combining 4 soil pH levels, 3 soil moisture levels, with and without the addition ofPhytophthora cinnamomi to the soil to evaluate the conditions that lead to Phytophthora root rot of avocado. An inverse relation between soil pH and leaf production (and root-weight) was observed in nondiseased plants. In soil infested withP. cinnamomi, plant growth and root weights were much depressed by low soil pH, and especially by low soil pH coupled with high soil moisture contents. These interactions were statistically highly significant. Root weights in pots withP. cinnamomi were closely related to the incidence of disease. A disease index was used to visually assess the conditions of roots. Isolation of the pathogen from diseased plant roots confirmed the accuracy of the disease index. A process of elimination suggsts that favorable soil Ca level and not high pHper se was responsible for disease suppression and that the devastating effects of low soil pH was produced by high Mn (and possibly Al) and associated low levels of Ca and P in soil solutions, which led to breakdown of biological control mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197148
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of regeneration burning upon the nutrient status of soil in two forest types in southern Tasmania (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 171-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Burning ; C ; Ca ; CEC ; Forest ; K ; Mg ; Mn ; N ; Nutrient status ; P ; pH ; Tasmania ; Zn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In two forest types in southern Tasmania, eucalypt rainforest (mixed forest) and eucalypt dry sclerophyll forest, surface soils (0–10 cm) from stands that had been clear-felled and burned between 1976 and 1979 were compared with those from uncut, unburned stands. Factors compared were total organic C, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Mn; pH; exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K; cation exchange capacity; extractable P; soil phosphate buffering capacity; and N-mineralisation rates. Sampling started in April 1979 and ended in October 1980. Within each forest type, soils from burned coupes had higher mean values for pH, exchangeable cations, percent base saturation, and nitrate-N produced during aerobic incubation, and had lower mean values for exchangeable acidity and ammonium-N produced during aerobic incubation than soils from unburned coupes. In mixed forest only, soils from burned coupes had higher mean values for extractable P and soil phosphate buffering capacity, and lower mean values for total organic C than those of unburned coupes. There were only small differences between burned and unburned soils in cation exchange capacity and ammonium-N produced during anaerobic incubation. For each burned coupe in mixed forest, with increase in time since burning there was a decrease in pH, an increase in exchangeable acidity, and a decrease in rate of production of nitrate: no changes were detected in other factors. It is concluded that, for clay soils developed on dolerite, the nutritional status of soil in both forest types is probably improved by burning. The improvement lasts for more than 4 years in mixed forest and more than two years in dry sclerophyll forest. Only minor leaching of nutrients to below 10 cm in depth is likely to occur in either type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374648
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zinc-phosphorus relationship in the nutrition of corn plants (Zea mays L.) grown on some calcareous soils (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 59 (1981), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcareous soils ; Corn ; P ; Zea mays ; Zn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Positive relationships were observed between Zn and P in the studied calcareous soils and in the corn plants grown thereon. The high content of carbonates in these soils affected greatly the levels of extractable Zn and the Zn−P relationships. In the pot experiment, application of P increased the Zn content of the corn plants and application of Zn increased that of P.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02183591
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lime and phosphorus applications on concentrations of available nutrients and on P, Al and Mn uptake by two pasture legumes in an acid soil (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 62 (1981), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al ; Available nutrients ; Ca ; K ; Lime ; Mg ; Mn ; Na ; P ; Pasture legumes ; Soil acidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Effects of increasing rates of lime and phosphorus addition on concentrations of available nutrients in soil and on P, Al and Mn uptake by two pasture legumes, lotus (Lotus pedunculatus Cav.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.), were studied in a pot experiment using a highly leached acid (pH 4.2) soil. Liming resulted in an increase in exchangeable Ca and thus in percentage base saturation, with concomitant decreases in levels of exchangeable Al, Fe and Mn. The relationship between exchangeable Ca and Al was linear and negative with a gradient of almost unity. Liming had no consistent effect on measured CEC values. Increasing lime rates significantly reduced concentrations of Mg, K and Na in saturation paste extracts but had no effect on exchangeable Mg, K and Na levels. With increasing lime additions, available phosphate indicesviz water soluble, resin-, Morgan-and Williams-extractable all decreased significantly, Truog-extractable was unaffected, while Brayextractable generally increased. Fractionation revealed that lime additions caused a decrease in ‘easily soluble’, ‘Fe-bound’ and to a lesser extent ‘Ca-bound’ phosphate fractions, had no effect on ‘reductant soluble’ phosphate, but resulted in an increase in the ‘Al-bound’ fraction. P uptake and yield of both legumes increased with lime and P additions. Correlations between available phosphate indices and yield of both legumes were weak or nonsignificant. However, high, significant positive correlation coefficients were found between available phosphate and plant uptake of P. Indices of available Al and Mn were not generally significantly correlated with plant uptake of Al or Mn but significant negative correlations were found between available Al and Mn and yield of both species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205031
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yield, root morphology and chemical composition of two pasture legumes as affected by lime and phosphorus applications to an acid soil (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 62 (1981), S. 241-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al ; Ca ; Lotus ; Mn ; N ; Nodulation ; P ; Pasture legumes ; Root morphology ; Soil pH ; White clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Effects of increasing rates of lime (0, 900, 1725, and 3000 kg Ca(OH)2/ha producing soil pH of 4.0, 4.7, 5.1 and 5.6) and P (50, 150, 250 and 350 kg P/ha) on top and root yield, root morphology and chemical composition of lotus (Lotus pedunculatus Cav.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.), were studied, using an acid soil in a greenhouse experiment. Increasing rates of applied lime and phosphate resulted in substantial increases in top yields of both species but concomitant increases in root yield were small. In the unlimed soil, lotus out-yielded (tops and roots) white clover at all P levels. However, in the three limed treatments, white clover clearly out-yielded lotus. Yield response curves to applied P levelled off at the two highest lime rates for lotus but not for white clover. Nodulation and N content of white clover increased significantly with increasing lime applications, but for lotus there was a significant decrease in nodulation at the highest lime rate. Increased P rates had a small stimulatory effect on nodulation in both species. Of the total root weight, the percentage contribution of the tap and primary lateral root fractions was smaller and that of the secondary plus tertiary lateral roots was greater for lotus than for white clover although root length per unit weight tended to be larger for white clover at the two highest lime rates. Furthermore, lotus possessed longer and more numerous root hairs than white clover. Lime applications significantly decreased the percentage contribution of the tap and primary lateral roots to the total root weight and increased the percentage contribution of the secondary plus tertiary lateral roots. Al and Mn contents of tops and roots of both species decreased with increasing lime rates. There was a highly significant negative correlation between relative yield and Al content of lotus and white clover tops. In comparison with the limed treatments, in the unlimed treatments a greater percentage of total P, Al, Mn and N content accumulated in the roots of both species. In addition, lotus accumulated a much greater percentage Al in its roots than white clover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374088
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and budget of nutrients in a commercial apple orchard (1980)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 56 (1980), S. 445-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Apple orchard ; Biogeochemistry ; Ca ; Cl ; K ; Mg ; N ; Na ; Nutrient budget ; P ; S
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Data on the dry matter distribution and nutrient reserves (N, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na) in the standing biomass of a grassed-down 14 year-old apple orchard are presented together with mean estimates of nutrient inputs, returns and losses over a 2 year period. The major inputs of N P K and S were through fertilizer additions. The major inputs of Na and Cl were in bulk precipitation plus irrigation whilst both sources were important for Mg and Ca. Total inputs by precipitation plus irrigation plus fertilizer in kg/ha/yr were: N, 81; P, 20; S, 42; Cl, 58; K, 64; Ca, 35; Mg, 10 and Na, 33. Nutrient returns to the orchard floor were dominated by those from returns of herbage clippings orginating from the mowing of the orchard pasture. Autumn leaf fall also contributed significant quantities to the total nutrient returns. Total nutrient returns to the orchard floor through petal fall, fruit drop, leaf fall, foliar leaching (includes leaf washing) and pasture clippings in kg/ha/yr were: N, 545; P, 33; S, 41; Cl, 107; K, 442; Ca, 147; Mg, 35 and Na, 16. The major loss of Na, Mg, Ca, Cl and S was through leaching (this may include a certain amount of chemical weathering). In contrast, the major loss of P and K was in the harvested fruit crop, while for N, losses were about equally divided between the fruit crop and leaching. Total nutrient losses from the orchard by removal of the fruit crop and pruning wood plus leaching losses were estimated in kg/ha/yr at: N, 58; P, 5; S, 28; Cl, 81; K, 124; Ca, 55; Mg, 39 and Na, 80. Inputs minus losses in kg/ha/yr were positive for N, P and S(+23, +16 and +14 respectively and negative for Cl, K, Ca, Mg and Na (−24, −60, −19, −30 and −47 respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143038
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass flow to the root system and mineral uptake of a beech stand calculated from 3-year field data (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 39-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al ; Beech ; Ca ; Cl ; Fe ; Field data ; K ; Mass flow ; Mg ; Mineral cycling ; Model ; Mn ; N ; Na ; P ; S ; Temperate decidous forest ; Uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Mass flow to the root surface is defined here as the concentration of an element in the bulk soil solution times the transpirational water uptake of the plant stand. The ratio of uptake of a mineral element to mass flow is called Mass Flow Coefficient (MFC). From an ecosystem study in a beech forestMFCs for 11 elements have been calculated from 3 years of monthly measurements. They amounted to 0.076, 0.086, 0.34, 0.77, 1.5, 1.7, 2.2, 2.9, 8.3, 11, and 120 for Al, Cl, Na, S, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, K, N and P respectively. It is concluded that this stand discriminates against Al, Cl and Na in ion uptake and takes up selectively Mn, Ca, K, N and P while for S, Fe and Mg mass flow transports almost the same amount to the root system as is taken up by the above ground stand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205925
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...