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  • Models, Biological  (417)
  • Environmental management
  • Physics
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (440)
  • Cham : Springer  (47)
  • Tokyo : Springer  (9)
  • 1
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    Rangeland Systems : Processes, Management and Challenges (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Ecology ; Climate change ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice ; Ecology ; Climate Change
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Conceptual development toward a rangeland systems framework --- Part: 1 Processes --- 2. Woody plant encroachment --- 3. Ecohydrology: processes and implications for rangelands --- 4. Soil and belowground processes --- 5. Structural heterogeneity as the basis for rangeland management --- 6. Non-equilibrium ecology and resilience theory --- 7. Ecological consequences of climate change on rangelands --- Part: 2 Management --- 8. Rangelands as social-ecological systems --- 9. State and transition models: theory, applications, and challenges --- 10. Livestock production systems --- 11. Adaptive management of rangeland systems --- 12. Managing the livestock-wildlife interface on rangelands --- Part: 3 Challenges --- 13. Invasive plant species and novel rangeland systems --- 14. Rangeland ecosystem services: nature´s supply and humans´ demand --- 15. Managing climate change risks in rangeland systems --- 16. Monitoring protocols: options, approaches, implementation, benefits --- 17. Rangeland systems in developing nations: conceptual advances and societal implications
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 661 pages) , 101 illustrations, 69 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319467092
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-46709-2
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Methods for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Balances and Evaluating Mitigation Options in Smallholder Agriculture (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Soil science ; Soil conservation ; Air pollution ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 pages) , 33 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319297941
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-29794-1
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Ecotoxicology ; Waste management ; Environment ; Ecotoxicology ; Environmental Management ; Waste Management/Waste Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Foreword by Keith Solomon and John Giesy --- Foreword by Coordinating Board of Editors --- Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in The United States – Overview and Conclusions --- Properties and Uses of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Fate in the Environment and Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos and its Oxon in the United States --- Exposures of Aquatic Organisms to the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos Resulting from Use in the United States --- Risks to Aquatic Organisms from Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Refined Avian Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Risk to Pollinators from the Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Index
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 269 pages) , 40 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319038650
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-03865-0
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Wetlands and Water Framework Directive : Protection, Management and Climate Change (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Environmental management ; Environmental sciences ; Geoecology ; Environmental geology ; Earth Sciences ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Geoecology/Natural Processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Wetlands and Water Framework Directive: protection, management and climate change --- Synergies and Conflicts between Water Framework Directive and Natura 2000: Legal requirements, technical guidance and experiences from practice --- Can Natura 2000 Sites Benefit from River Basin Management Planning Under a Changing Climate? Lessons from Germany --- Do water management and climate-adapted management of wetlands interfere in practice? Lessons from the Biebrza Valley, Poland --- Wetlands in river valleys as an effect of fluvial processes and anthropopression --- New vision of the role of land reclamation systems in nature protection and water management
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 103 pages) , 19 illustrations, 12 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319137643
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-13764-3
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Balanced Urban Development: Options and Strategies for Liveable Cities (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Geography ; Hydrology ; Environmental management ; Regional planning ; Urban planning ; Landscape ecology ; Sustainable development ; Geography ; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Sustainable Development ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Landscape Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introduction --- 1. Balanced Urban Development: Is it a myth or reality? - Part II: Peri-Urbansation --- 2. Re-Ruralising the Urban Edge: Lessons from Europe, USA & the Global South --- 3. Nimbyism and Nature – Whose Backyard is it Anyway? - 4. Connecting Urban and Rural Futures Through Rural Design --- 5. Archaeology and Contemporary Dynamics for More Sustainable, Resilient Cities in the Peri-Urban Interface --- 6. Decontamination of Urban Run-off: Importance and Methods --- Part III: Peri-Urban Culture and Socio-Economy --- 7. Socio-economy of Peri-Urban Areas: The Case of Lisbon Metropolitan Area --- 8. Changing Economic Scenario of the Peri-Urban Area of Udaipur City, India --- 9. Community Stakeholder Viewpoints on Issues of Urbanisation along the River Ma Oya, Sri Lanka --- Part IV: Peri-Urban Landuse Planning --- 10. The role of peri-urban land use planning in resilient urban agriculture: a case study of Melbourne, Australia --- 11. Engaging Peri-Urban Landholders in Natural Resources Management.-12. Urban Farming Master Plan in Western Sydney - From Planning to Reality --- Part V: Urban Water Security --- 13. Study of urban water bodies in view of potential for micro-climatic cooling and natural purification of waste water --- 14. Groundwater Crisis in a Mega City – A Case Study of New Delhi, India --- 15. Safe Water Supply Determinants in Peri-Urban Communities of South-East Nigeria --- 16. Risks of Coal Seam and Shale Gas Extraction on Groundwater and Aquifers in Eastern Australia --- Part VI: Wastewater and Irrigation --- 17. Use of recycled water for irrigation of open spaces: Benefits and Risks --- 18. Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects --- 19. Impacts of Wastewater Reuse on Peri-Urban Agriculture: Case Study in Udaipur City, India --- Part VII: Urban Agriculture and Food Security --- 20. Urban Agriculture in Cuba: Alternative Legal Structures, Crisis and Change --- 21. High quality agricultural land in Western Australia – A new decision tool for planning --- 22. Food Efficient Planning and Design for Peri-urban Neighbourhoods --- 23. Role of Peri-urban Areas in the Food System of Kampala, Uganda --- Part VIII: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations --- 24. Climate Change Adaptation Planning with Peri-Urban Local Government in Victoria, Australia --- 25. Awareness of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation at Local Level in Punjab, Pakistan --- 26. Urbanisation, Nutrition and Food Security: A Climatological Perspective --- 27. Coastal Urban and Peri-Urban Indigenous People’s Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change --- Part IX: Legal, Policy and Institutional Challenges --- 28. Effect of Social and Institutional Fragmentation on Collective Action in Peri-urban Settings --- 29. Gentrification versus Territorialisation: The Peri-Urban Agriculture Area in Beirut --- 30. Reimagining the “Peri-Urban” in the Mega-Urban Regions of Southeast Asia --- Part X: Integrated Urban Development --- 31. Sustainability of Water Resources in Peri-urban Landscapes: Learning from the Journey of Engagement --- 32. Development of Future Management Options for the Hawkesbury River --- 33. Planning Development to Reduce Mosquito Hazard in Coastal Peri-Urban Areas: Case Studies in NSW, Australia --- 34. An Integrated Simulation and Visualisation Platform for the Design of Sustainable Urban Developments in a Peri-Urban Context --- 35. Options and Strategies for Balanced Development for Liveable Cities: An Epilogue
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 601 pages) , 136 illustrations, 109 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319281124
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-28112-4
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Rewilding European Landscapes (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Landscape ecology ; Environmental management ; Nature conservation ; Environment ; Nature Conservation ; Environmental Management ; Biodiversity ; Landscape Ecology ; Applied Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I  - The Theory of Rewilding --- 1. Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe --- 2. European Wilderness in a Time of Farmland Abandonment --- 3. Ecosystem Services: the Opportunities of Rewilding in Europe --- Part II - Rewilding and Biodiversity --- 4. Bringing Large Mammals Back: Large Carnivores in Europe --- 5. Top Scavengers in a Wilder Europe --- 6. Rewilding: Pitfalls and Opportunities for Moths and Butterflies --- 7. Vegetation Restoration and Other Actions to Enhance Wildlife in European Agricultural Landscapes --- 8. Maintaining Disturbance-dependent Habitats.- Part III - Rewillding in Practice --- 9. Rewilding Europe: A New Strategy for an Old Continent --- 10. Preparing a New Generation of Wilderness Entrepreneurs --- 11. Towards a European Policy for Rewilding --- Index
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 227 pages) , 44 illustrations, 43 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319120393
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-12039-3
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development (2017)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Climate Change ; Sustainable Development ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Action on Climate Change: What Does it Mean and Where Does it Lead To? --- Part 1. Policy --- 3. Mainstreaming Impact Evidence in Climate Change and Sustainable Development --- 4. Pathway to Impact: Supporting and Evaluating Enabling Environments for Research for Development --- 5. Lessons from Taking Stock of 12 years of Swiss International Cooperation on Climate Change --- 6. An Analytical Framework for Evaluating a Diverse Climate Change Portfolio --- 7. Enhancing the Joint Crediting Mechanism MRV to Contribute to Sustainable Development --- Part 2. Climate Change Mitigation --- 8. Using Mixed Methods to Assessing Trade-offs Between Agricultural Decisions and Deforestation --- 9. Methodological Approach of the GEF IEO’s Climate Change Mitigation Impact Evaluation: Assessing Progress in Market Change for Reduction of CO2 Emissions --- 10. Integrating Avoided Emissions in Climate Change Evaluation Policies for LDCs: The Case of Passive Solar Houses in Afghanistan --- 11. Sustainable Development, Climate Change, and Renewable Energy in Rural Central America --- 12. Unpacking the Black Box of Technology Distribution, Development Potential and Carbon Markets Benefits --- Part 3. Climate Change Adaptation.-13. What do Evaluations Tell Us About Climate Change Adaptation? Meta-Analysis with a Realist Approach --- 14. Adaptation Processes in Agriculture and Food Security: Insights from Evaluating Behavioral Changes in West Africa --- 15. Using Participatory Approaches in Measuring Resilience and Development in Isiolo County, Kenya --- 16. Evaluating Climate Change Adaptation in Practice: A Child-Centred, Community-Based Project in the Philippines --- 17. Drought Preparedness Policies and Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Measures in Brazil: An Institutional Change Assessment --- 18. The Adaptation M&E Navigator: A Decision Support Tool for the Selection of Suitable Approaches to Monitor and Evaluate Adaptation to Climate Change
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 355 pages) , 44 illustrations, 36 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319437026
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-43702-6
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Political science ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Political Science ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea: Identifying Key Challenges Research Topics and Analytical Approaches. Part 1: Interdisciplinary Case Studies of Environmental Governance --- Chapter 2. Eutrophication and the Ecosystem Approach to Management: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 3. Fisheries: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 4. Biological Invasions: a Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 5. Governance of Chemicals in the Baltic Sea Region: A Study of Three Generations of Hazardous Substances --- Chapter 6. Oil Spills from Shipping: A Case Study of the Governance of Accidental Hazards and Intentional Pollution in the Baltic Sea --- Part 2: Cross-Case Analysis of Key Environmental Governance Challenges --- Chapter 7. The Ecosystem Approach to Management in Baltic Sea Governance: Towards Increased Reflexivity? --- Chapter 8. Science-Policy Interfaces in Baltic Sea Environmental Governance: Towards Regional Cooperation and Management of Uncertainty? --- Chapter 9. Risk Communication and the Role of the Public: Towards Inclusive Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea? --- Chapter 10. Seeking Pathways Towards Improved Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 253 pages) , 10 illustrations, 3 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319270067
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-27006-7
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  • 9
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    Methods for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Balances and Evaluating Mitigation Options in Smallholder Agriculture (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Soil science ; Soil conservation ; Air pollution ; Life Sciences ; Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to the SAMPLES Approach --- Chapter 2 Targeting Landscapes to Identify Mitigation Options --- Chapter 3 Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Associated with Land Use and Land Cover Change --- Chapter 4 Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils --- Chapter 5 A Comparison of Methodologies for Measuring Methane Emissions from Ruminants --- Chapter 6 Quantifying Tree Biomass Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in Agricultural Landscapes --- Chapter 7 Methods for Smallholder Quantification of Soil Carbon Stocks and Stock Changes --- Chapter 8 Yield Estimation of Food and Non-Food Crops in Smallholder Production Systems --- Chapter 9 Scaling Point and Plot Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes, Balances and Intensities to Whole Farms and Landscapes --- Chapter 10 Methods for Environment-Productivity Trade-off Analysis in Agricultural Systems
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 pages) , 33 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319297941
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-29794-1
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Counteracting Urban Heat Island Effects in a Global Climate Change Scenario (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Remote sensing ; Physics ; Environment ; Climate Change ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Energy Efficiency ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Applied and Technical Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools --- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change --- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard --- Methodologies for UHI Analysis --- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning --- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities --- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LIII, 400 pages) , 213 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319104256
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-10425-6
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment (2016)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Marine Sciences ; Environmental management ; Atmospheric Sciences ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to the Assessment --- Past and Current Climate Change --- Past and Current Changes in the North Sea (and interface regions) --- Climate Change Projections --- Impacts of Current and Future Climate Change in Ecosystems --- Climate Impacts on Socio-economy
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLV, 528 pages) , 277 illustrations, 215 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319397450
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-39745-0
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  • 12
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    Sustainable Living with Environmental Risks (2014)
    Tokyo : Springer
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    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Physical geography ; Environmental management ; Sustainable development ; Earth Sciences ; Earth System Sciences ; Environmental Management ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Science Advancement and Leadership Development --- Biodiversity Agriculture Supports Human Populations --- Conservation and Sustainable Management of Soil Biodiversity for Agricultural Productivity --- Conservation Tillage Assessment For Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emission In Rainfed Agro-Ecosystem --- Improving Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields to Promote Land Sustainability --- Agroforestry Models for Promoting Effective Risk Management and Building Sustainable Communities --- Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Conservation of Forest Resources in Madagascar --- Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management in Thailand: Key Lesson Learned for Environmental Risk Management --- Necessity of Adaptive Risk Management for Fisheries and Wildlife --- Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services and Food Security in Southeast Asia --- Emerging Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa Rosa Subwatershed --- Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia --- Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar --- Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles from the Japanese Experience --- Research on the Sod Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins --- Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment --- Ecosystem Restoration Using the Near-Natural Method in Shanghai --- Sustainable Management of Urban Green Environments: Challenges and Opportunities --- Environment and Social Capacity Assessment for Sustainability Promotion and Risk Management --- Rural Landscape Conservation in Japan: Lessons from the Satoyama Conservation Program in Kanagawa Prefecture --- Enhancing Students’ Ecological Thinking to Improve Understanding of Environmental Risk --- Interactive Multimedia Education System (IMES) as a International Education Platform
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 286 pages) , 89 illustrations, 70 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431548041
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54804-1
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  • 13
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    Environmental Leadership Capacity Building in Higher Education : Experience and Lessons from Asian Program for Incubation of Environmental Leaders (2013)
    Tokyo : Springer
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    Keywords: Environment ; Business ethics ; Environmental sciences ; Science education ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Science Education ; Business Ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: Asian Program for Incubation of Environmental Leaders --- Concepts of EL --- How to teach EL in a class room - Environmental Challenges and Leadership in Asia --- APIEL resonance --- Leadership Education tackling Water Environmental Issues in Arid Regions --- IPoS: Intensive Program on Sustainability --- Cambodia Considering their sustainable future --- BKK: Sustainable solid waste management in Asian developing countries --- Sustainable urban development toward Green City of the Greater Pearl River Delta, China
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 140 pages) , 34 illustrations, 24 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431543404
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54340-4
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  • 14
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    Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Nuclear Risks : Prediction and Assessment Beyond the Fukushima Accident (2016)
    Tokyo : Springer
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    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear energy ; Natural disasters ; Probabilities ; Quality control ; Reliability ; Industrial safety ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Nuclear Energy ; Natural Hazards ; Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk ; Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Cooperators --- Part 1 Active Faults --- Part 2 Seismic Source Modeling and Seismic Motion --- Part 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment with External Hazards --- Part 4 Nuclear Risk Governance in Society
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 177 pages) , 74 illustrations, 36 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431558224
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-55822-4
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  • 15
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    Radiological Issues for Fukushima’s Revitalized Future (2016)
    Tokyo : Springer
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    Keywords: Environment ; Radiation protection ; Radiation ; Safety measures ; Environmental management ; Environmental pollution ; Environment ; Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection ; Environmental Management ; Terrestrial Pollution
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Cooperators --- Part 1 Radioactivity in the Terrestrial Environment --- Part 2 Decontamination and Radioactive Waste --- Part 3 Environmental Radiation and External Exposure --- Part 4 Radioactivity in Foods and Internal Exposure
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 pages) , 75 illustrations, 32 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431558484
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-55848-4
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  • 16
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    Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks - From Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN : With a Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; History ; Nuclear physics ; Heavy ions ; Hadrons ; Particle acceleration ; Physics ; Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics ; Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics ; History of Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Reminiscences: Rolf Hagedorn and Relativistic Heavy Ion Research.-- Part II The Hagedorn Temperature --- Part III Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks Heavy Ion Path to Quark-Gluon Plasma --- Acronyms
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 441 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319175454
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-17545-4
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    Integrated Groundwater Management : Concepts, Approaches and Challenges (2016)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Environmental management ; Hydrogeology ; Sustainable development ; Economic growth ; Earth Sciences ; Hydrogeology ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Economic Growth ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contents: Overview concepts, approaches and challenges of integrated groundwater management --- Disentangling the complexity of a groundwater dependent socio-ecological system --- The scale of the groundwater issue internationally --- Groundwater law --- Groundwater regulation and integrated water planning
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 762 pages) , 101 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319235769
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-23576-9
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    Sustainable Development in the Jordan Valley : Final Report of the Regional NGO Master Plan (2016)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Environmental management ; Cultural heritage ; Tourism ; Management ; Nature conservation ; Sustainable development ; Development economics ; Economics ; Development Economics ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Sustainable Development ; Nature Conservation ; Cultural Heritage ; Tourism Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- The Jordan Valley --- Projections And Objectives --- Meeting The Strategic Planning Objectives --- The Year 2050 --- Final Conclusions And Recommendations --- Colophon.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLII, 239 pages) , 181 illustrations, 179 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319300368
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-30036-8
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    The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (2016)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Physics ; Mathematical physics ; Quantum physics ; Physics ; Quantum Physics ; Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Cellular Automaton Interpretation as a general doctrine: Motivation for this work --- Deterministic models in quantum notation --- Interpreting quantum mechanics --- Deterministic quantum mechanics --- Concise description of the CA Interpretation --- Quantum gravity --- Information loss --- More problems --- Alleys to be further investigated and open questions --- Conclusions --- II Calculation Techniques: Introduction to part II --- More on cogwheels --- The continuum limit of cogwheels, harmonic rotators and oscillators --- Locality --- Fermions --- PQ theory --- Models in two space-time dimensions without interactions --- Symmetries --- The discretised Hamiltonian formalism in PQ theory --- Quantum Field Theory --- The cellular automaton --- The problem of quantum locality --- Conclusions of part II --- Some remarks on gravity in 2+1 dimensions --- A summary of our views on Conformal Gravity --- Abbreviations.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 298 pages) , 21 illustrations, 19 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319412856
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-41285-6
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  • 20
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    Non-Equilibrium Social Science and Policy : Introduction and Essays on New and Changing Paradigms in Socio-Economic Thinking (2017)
    Cham : Springer
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    Keywords: Physics ; Complexity, Computational ; Economic theory ; Social sciences ; Physics ; Data-driven Science, Modeling and Theory Building ; Methodology of the Social Sciences ; Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods ; Operations Research/Decision Theory ; Complexity ; Computational Social Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Non-Equilibrium Social Science & Policy --- Economics --- Social Psychology and Narrative Economy --- Sociology and Non-Equilibrium Social Science --- Geography far from Equilibrium --- Cities in Disequilibrium --- The Evolutionary Theory of Globalization --- Systems, Networks, and Policy --- Towards a Complexity-Friendly Policy: breaking the vicious circle of equilibrium thinking in economic and public policy --- The Information Economy --- Complexity Science & the Art of Policy Making --- The Complexity of Government --- The Room Around the Elephant: Tackling Context-Dependency in the Social Sciences --- Global Systems Science and Policy --- Index.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 232 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319424248
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-42424-8
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    Freshwater Governance for the 21st Century (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environmental management ; International relations ; Behavioral sciences ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Water ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice ; Environmental Management ; International Relations ; Behavioral Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction and Reflections --- 2. The Establishment of Catchment Management Agencies in South Africa with Reference to the Flussgebietsgemeinschaft Elbe: Some Practical Considerations --- 3. Towards Inclusive Water Governance: OECD Evidence and Key Principles of Stakeholder Engagement in the Water Sector --- 4. Free-Market Economics and Developmental Statism as Political Paradigms: Implications for Water Governance Theory and Practice in Developing Countries --- 5. Urban Water Governance as a Function of the “Urban Hydrosocial Transition” --- 6. Urban Water Governance for the 21st Century: A Portfolio-Based Approach to Planning and Management --- 7. Rights-Based Freshwater Governance for the 21st Century: Beyond an Exclusionary Focus on Domestic Water uses --- 8. Inclusive Transboundary Water Governance --- 9. Mechanisms for Inclusive Governance --- 10. Water Integrity - from Concept to Practice --- 11. Addressing the Groundwater Governance Challenge: A Call from the “Groundwater Governance: A Global Framework for Action” Project --- 12. Water Governance Futures in South Asia and Southern Africa: Déjà vu all Over Again?
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 250 pages) , 39 illustrations, 28 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319433509
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-43350-9
    Language: English
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    Earth Observation Open Science and Innovation (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Remote sensing ; Environmental management ; Earth Sciences ; Earth Sciences, general ; Big Data ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Environmental Management ; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics)
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Over  the  past  decades,  rapid developments in digital and sensing technologies, such  as the Cloud, Web and Internet of Things, have dramatically changed the way we live and work. The digital transformation is revolutionizing our ability to monitor our planet and transforming the  way we access, process and exploit Earth Observation data from satellites. This book reviews these megatrends and their implications for the Earth Observation community as well as the wider data economy. It provides insight into new paradigms of Open Science and Innovation applied to space data, which are characterized by openness, access to large volume of complex data, wide availability of new community tools, new techniques for big data analytics such as Artificial Intelligence, unprecedented level of computing power, and new types of collaboration among researchers, innovators, entrepreneurs and citizen scientists. In addition, this book aims to provide readers with some reflections on the future of Earth Observation, highlighting through a series of use cases not just the new opportunities created by the New Space revolution, but also the new challenges that must be addressed in order to make the most of the large volume of complex and diverse data delivered by the new generation of satellites.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 332 pages) , 116 illustrations, 111 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319656335
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-65633-5
    Language: English
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    Aquaculture Perspective of Multi-Use Sites in the Open Ocean : The Untapped Potential for Marine Resources in the Anthropocene (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Business ; Management science ; Law ; Building construction ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Offshore Engineering ; Business and Management, general ; Law, general ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Foreword --- 2. Preface --- 3. Human Marine Resource Use --- 4 Species, Techniques and System Design, Environmental Impact --- 5. Aquaculture Governance --- 6. Aquaculture Economics --- 7. Case Studies --- 8. Synthesis – Pathways Towards Sustainable Ocean Food Production
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 404 pages) , 128 illustrations, 104 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319511597
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-51159-7
    Language: English
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    Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Environmental management ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Climate Change ; Sustainable Development ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction --- 2. Action on Climate Change: What Does it Mean and Where Does it Lead To? --- Part 1. Policy --- 3. Mainstreaming Impact Evidence in Climate Change and Sustainable Development --- 4. Pathway to Impact: Supporting and Evaluating Enabling Environments for Research for Development --- 5. Lessons from Taking Stock of 12 years of Swiss International Cooperation on Climate Change --- 6. An Analytical Framework for Evaluating a Diverse Climate Change Portfolio --- 7. Enhancing the Joint Crediting Mechanism MRV to Contribute to Sustainable Development --- Part 2. Climate Change Mitigation --- 8. Using Mixed Methods to Assessing Trade-offs Between Agricultural Decisions and Deforestation --- 9. Methodological Approach of the GEF IEO’s Climate Change Mitigation Impact Evaluation: Assessing Progress in Market Change for Reduction of CO2 Emissions --- 10. Integrating Avoided Emissions in Climate Change Evaluation Policies for LDCs: The Case of Passive Solar Houses in Afghanistan --- 11. Sustainable Development, Climate Change, and Renewable Energy in Rural Central America --- 12. Unpacking the Black Box of Technology Distribution, Development Potential and Carbon Markets Benefits --- Part 3. Climate Change Adaptation.-13. What do Evaluations Tell Us About Climate Change Adaptation? Meta-Analysis with a Realist Approach --- 14. Adaptation Processes in Agriculture and Food Security: Insights from Evaluating Behavioral Changes in West Africa --- 15. Using Participatory Approaches in Measuring Resilience and Development in Isiolo County, Kenya --- 16. Evaluating Climate Change Adaptation in Practice: A Child-Centred, Community-Based Project in the Philippines --- 17. Drought Preparedness Policies and Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Measures in Brazil: An Institutional Change Assessment --- 18. The Adaptation M&E Navigator: A Decision Support Tool for the Selection of Suitable Approaches to Monitor and Evaluate Adaptation to Climate Change
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 355 pages) , 44 illustrations, 36 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319437026
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-43702-6
    Language: English
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    Rewilding European Landscapes (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Applied ecology ; Biodiversity ; Landscape ecology ; Environmental management ; Nature conservation ; Environment ; Nature Conservation ; Environmental Management ; Biodiversity ; Landscape Ecology ; Applied Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I  - The Theory of Rewilding --- 1. Rewilding Abandoned Landscapes in Europe --- 2. European Wilderness in a Time of Farmland Abandonment --- 3. Ecosystem Services: the Opportunities of Rewilding in Europe --- Part II - Rewilding and Biodiversity --- 4. Bringing Large Mammals Back: Large Carnivores in Europe --- 5. Top Scavengers in a Wilder Europe --- 6. Rewilding: Pitfalls and Opportunities for Moths and Butterflies --- 7. Vegetation Restoration and Other Actions to Enhance Wildlife in European Agricultural Landscapes --- 8. Maintaining Disturbance-dependent Habitats.- Part III - Rewillding in Practice --- 9. Rewilding Europe: A New Strategy for an Old Continent --- 10. Preparing a New Generation of Wilderness Entrepreneurs --- 11. Towards a European Policy for Rewilding --- Index
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 227 pages) , 44 illustrations, 43 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319120393
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-12039-3
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    Aquaculture Perspective of Multi-Use Sites in the Open Ocean : The Untapped Potential for Marine Resources in the Anthropocene (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Business ; Management science ; Law ; Building construction ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Offshore Engineering ; Business and Management, general ; Law, general ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Foreword --- 2. Preface --- 3. Human Marine Resource Use --- 4 Species, Techniques and System Design, Environmental Impact --- 5. Aquaculture Governance --- 6. Aquaculture Economics --- 7. Case Studies --- 8. Synthesis – Pathways Towards Sustainable Ocean Food Production
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 404 pages) , 128 illustrations, 104 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319511597
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-51159-7
    Language: English
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    Observing the Volcano World : Volcano Crisis Communication (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Geology ; Natural disasters ; Environmental management ; Communication ; Earth Sciences ; Natural Hazards ; Geology ; Environmental Management ; Communication Studies
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Bill McGuire --- Volcano Crisis Communication: Challenges and Solutions in the 21st Century --- Volcanic Gases: Silent Killers --- The Communication and Risk Management of Volcanic Ballistic Hazards --- Part One Summary: Adapting Warnings for Volcanic Hazards --- Part II: Gill Jolly --- Volcanic Unrest and Hazard Communication in Long Valley Volcanic Region, California --- Organisational Response to the 2007 Ruapehu Crater Lake Dam-Break Lahar in New Zealand: Use of Communication in Creating an Effective Response --- Social Representation of Human Resettlement Associated with Risk from Volcán de Colima, Mexico --- Part Two Summary: Observing Volcanic Crises --- Part III: Deanne Bird and Kat Haynes --- Communicating Information on Eruptions and Their Impacts from the Earliest Times Until the Late Twentieth Century --- “There’s no Plastic in Our Volcano”: A Story About Losing and Finding a Path to Participatory Volcanic Risk Management in Colombia --- Challenges of Volcanic Crises on Small Islands States --- Living with an Active Volcano: Informal and Community Learning for Preparedness in South of Japan --- Part Three Summary: Communicating into the Future. Volcanic Crisis Communication: Where Do We Go from Here?
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 771 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319440972
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-44097-2
    Language: English
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    Integrated Groundwater Management : Concepts, Approaches and Challenges (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Environmental management ; Hydrogeology ; Sustainable development ; Economic growth ; Earth Sciences ; Hydrogeology ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Economic Growth ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contents: Overview concepts, approaches and challenges of integrated groundwater management --- Disentangling the complexity of a groundwater dependent socio-ecological system --- The scale of the groundwater issue internationally --- Groundwater law --- Groundwater regulation and integrated water planning
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 762 pages) , 101 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319235769
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-23576-9
    Language: English
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    Collider Physics within the Standard Model : A Primer (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Quantum field theory ; String theory ; Elementary particles (Physics) ; Physics ; Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory ; Quantum Field Theories, String Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Gauge Theories and the Standard Model --- QCD: The Theory of Strong Interactions --- The Theory of Electroweak Interactions --- References
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 173 pages) , 60 illustrations, 34 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319519203
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-51920-3
    Language: English
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    The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Mathematical physics ; Quantum physics ; Physics ; Quantum Physics ; Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Cellular Automaton Interpretation as a general doctrine: Motivation for this work --- Deterministic models in quantum notation --- Interpreting quantum mechanics --- Deterministic quantum mechanics --- Concise description of the CA Interpretation --- Quantum gravity --- Information loss --- More problems --- Alleys to be further investigated and open questions --- Conclusions --- II Calculation Techniques: Introduction to part II --- More on cogwheels --- The continuum limit of cogwheels, harmonic rotators and oscillators --- Locality --- Fermions --- PQ theory --- Models in two space-time dimensions without interactions --- Symmetries --- The discretised Hamiltonian formalism in PQ theory --- Quantum Field Theory --- The cellular automaton --- The problem of quantum locality --- Conclusions of part II --- Some remarks on gravity in 2+1 dimensions --- A summary of our views on Conformal Gravity --- Abbreviations.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 298 pages) , 21 illustrations, 19 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319412856
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-41285-6
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    Earth Observation Open Science and Innovation (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Remote sensing ; Environmental management ; Earth Sciences ; Earth Sciences, general ; Big Data ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Environmental Management ; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics)
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Over  the  past  decades,  rapid developments in digital and sensing technologies, such  as the Cloud, Web and Internet of Things, have dramatically changed the way we live and work. The digital transformation is revolutionizing our ability to monitor our planet and transforming the  way we access, process and exploit Earth Observation data from satellites. This book reviews these megatrends and their implications for the Earth Observation community as well as the wider data economy. It provides insight into new paradigms of Open Science and Innovation applied to space data, which are characterized by openness, access to large volume of complex data, wide availability of new community tools, new techniques for big data analytics such as Artificial Intelligence, unprecedented level of computing power, and new types of collaboration among researchers, innovators, entrepreneurs and citizen scientists. In addition, this book aims to provide readers with some reflections on the future of Earth Observation, highlighting through a series of use cases not just the new opportunities created by the New Space revolution, but also the new challenges that must be addressed in order to make the most of the large volume of complex and diverse data delivered by the new generation of satellites.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 332 pages) , 116 illustrations, 111 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319656335
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-65633-5
    Language: English
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    Renewing Local Planning to Face Climate Change in the Tropics (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Geography ; Climate change ; Remote sensing ; Environmental management ; Geography ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Environmental Management ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate services in the Tropics --- Climate planning in medium-size cities of the Tropics --- Setting up and managing automatic weather stations for remote sites monitoring: from Niger to Nepal --- Characterization of climate risks for rice crop in Casamance --- Climate change, drought and food security: a methodology for the vulnerability analysis. The case of the West Arsi Woreda in Ethiopia --- Visualize and communicate extreme weather risk to improve urban resilience --- Climate change adaptation and resilience in Mali --- Building resilience to drought in the Sahel by early risk identification and advices --- Risk analysis and evaluation to improve climate adaptation planning in Western Niger --- A simplified hydrological method for flood risk assessment at sub-basin level in Niger --- Socio-technical transitions and resilient infrastructure: analyzing changes in access to water following infrastructure upgrade in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania --- Monitoring and evaluating advocacy and mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in Haiti --- Knowledge for transformational adaptation planning: comparing the potential of forecasting and back casting methods for assessing people vulnerability --- Possible impact of pelletized crop residues use as a fuel for cooking in Niger --- An effective Mainstreaming DRR and Resilience approach in La Paz (Mexico) and San Jose (Costa-Rica) --- Climate vulnerability reduction credits: measuring results of adaptation; potential applicability for sub-Saharan communities --- Review of pilot projects on index-based insurance in Africa: insights and lessons Learned --- A new perspective for integrating climate change in local development plans
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 372 pages) , 91 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319590967
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-59096-7
    Language: English
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    Eating, Drinking: Surviving : The International Year of Global Understanding - IYGU (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Nutrition ; Medical research ; Agriculture ; Sustainable development ; Quality of life ; Environment ; Sustainable Development ; Quality of Life Research ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Agriculture ; Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Understanding the Complexities of Eating, Drinking, and Surviving --- Globalization and Malnutrition: Geographical Perspectives on Its Paradoxes --- Drinking Water --- The Politics and Consequences of Virtual Water Export --- Integrated Water Resources Management as a New Approach to Water Security --- Surviving as an Unequal Community: WASH for Those on the Margins --- Challenges to Food Security in a Changing World --- Moral Economies of Food in the Socialist/Post-socialist World --- The Nutrition Transition in Developing Asia: Dietary Change, Drivers and Health Impacts. Food Sovereignty and the Possibilities for an Equitable, Just and Sustainable Food System --- Food Security and Food Waste
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 105 pages) , 32 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319424682
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-42468-2
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    Earth Observation Open Science and Innovation (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Remote sensing ; Environmental management ; Earth Sciences ; Earth Sciences, general ; Big Data ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Environmental Management ; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics)
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Over  the  past  decades,  rapid developments in digital and sensing technologies, such  as the Cloud, Web and Internet of Things, have dramatically changed the way we live and work. The digital transformation is revolutionizing our ability to monitor our planet and transforming the  way we access, process and exploit Earth Observation data from satellites. This book reviews these megatrends and their implications for the Earth Observation community as well as the wider data economy. It provides insight into new paradigms of Open Science and Innovation applied to space data, which are characterized by openness, access to large volume of complex data, wide availability of new community tools, new techniques for big data analytics such as Artificial Intelligence, unprecedented level of computing power, and new types of collaboration among researchers, innovators, entrepreneurs and citizen scientists. In addition, this book aims to provide readers with some reflections on the future of Earth Observation, highlighting through a series of use cases not just the new opportunities created by the New Space revolution, but also the new challenges that must be addressed in order to make the most of the large volume of complex and diverse data delivered by the new generation of satellites.  
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 332 pages) , 116 illustrations, 111 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319656335
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-65633-5
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    Counteracting Urban Heat Island Effects in a Global Climate Change Scenario (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Remote sensing ; Physics ; Environment ; Climate Change ; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ; Energy Efficiency ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Applied and Technical Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I The Urban Heat Island – Evidence, Measures and Tools --- Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change --- Assessment Indication and Gold Standard --- Methodologies for UHI Analysis --- Decision Support Systems for Urban Planning --- Part II Pilot Actions in European Cities --- Counteracting Urban Heat Islands: Solutions for European Cities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LIII, 400 pages) , 213 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319104256
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-10425-6
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    Radiological Issues for Fukushima’s Revitalized Future (2016)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Radiation protection ; Radiation ; Safety measures ; Environmental management ; Environmental pollution ; Environment ; Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection ; Environmental Management ; Terrestrial Pollution
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Cooperators --- Part 1 Radioactivity in the Terrestrial Environment --- Part 2 Decontamination and Radioactive Waste --- Part 3 Environmental Radiation and External Exposure --- Part 4 Radioactivity in Foods and Internal Exposure
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 232 pages) , 75 illustrations, 32 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431558484
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-55848-4
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    Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Nuclear Risks : Prediction and Assessment Beyond the Fukushima Accident (2016)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear energy ; Natural disasters ; Probabilities ; Quality control ; Reliability ; Industrial safety ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Nuclear Energy ; Natural Hazards ; Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk ; Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword --- Preface --- Cooperators --- Part 1 Active Faults --- Part 2 Seismic Source Modeling and Seismic Motion --- Part 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment with External Hazards --- Part 4 Nuclear Risk Governance in Society
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 177 pages) , 74 illustrations, 36 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431558224
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-55822-4
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    Balanced Urban Development: Options and Strategies for Liveable Cities (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Geography ; Hydrology ; Environmental management ; Regional planning ; Urban planning ; Landscape ecology ; Sustainable development ; Geography ; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Sustainable Development ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Landscape Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introduction --- 1. Balanced Urban Development: Is it a myth or reality? - Part II: Peri-Urbansation --- 2. Re-Ruralising the Urban Edge: Lessons from Europe, USA & the Global South --- 3. Nimbyism and Nature – Whose Backyard is it Anyway? - 4. Connecting Urban and Rural Futures Through Rural Design --- 5. Archaeology and Contemporary Dynamics for More Sustainable, Resilient Cities in the Peri-Urban Interface --- 6. Decontamination of Urban Run-off: Importance and Methods --- Part III: Peri-Urban Culture and Socio-Economy --- 7. Socio-economy of Peri-Urban Areas: The Case of Lisbon Metropolitan Area --- 8. Changing Economic Scenario of the Peri-Urban Area of Udaipur City, India --- 9. Community Stakeholder Viewpoints on Issues of Urbanisation along the River Ma Oya, Sri Lanka --- Part IV: Peri-Urban Landuse Planning --- 10. The role of peri-urban land use planning in resilient urban agriculture: a case study of Melbourne, Australia --- 11. Engaging Peri-Urban Landholders in Natural Resources Management.-12. Urban Farming Master Plan in Western Sydney - From Planning to Reality --- Part V: Urban Water Security --- 13. Study of urban water bodies in view of potential for micro-climatic cooling and natural purification of waste water --- 14. Groundwater Crisis in a Mega City – A Case Study of New Delhi, India --- 15. Safe Water Supply Determinants in Peri-Urban Communities of South-East Nigeria --- 16. Risks of Coal Seam and Shale Gas Extraction on Groundwater and Aquifers in Eastern Australia --- Part VI: Wastewater and Irrigation --- 17. Use of recycled water for irrigation of open spaces: Benefits and Risks --- 18. Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects --- 19. Impacts of Wastewater Reuse on Peri-Urban Agriculture: Case Study in Udaipur City, India --- Part VII: Urban Agriculture and Food Security --- 20. Urban Agriculture in Cuba: Alternative Legal Structures, Crisis and Change --- 21. High quality agricultural land in Western Australia – A new decision tool for planning --- 22. Food Efficient Planning and Design for Peri-urban Neighbourhoods --- 23. Role of Peri-urban Areas in the Food System of Kampala, Uganda --- Part VIII: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations --- 24. Climate Change Adaptation Planning with Peri-Urban Local Government in Victoria, Australia --- 25. Awareness of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation at Local Level in Punjab, Pakistan --- 26. Urbanisation, Nutrition and Food Security: A Climatological Perspective --- 27. Coastal Urban and Peri-Urban Indigenous People’s Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change --- Part IX: Legal, Policy and Institutional Challenges --- 28. Effect of Social and Institutional Fragmentation on Collective Action in Peri-urban Settings --- 29. Gentrification versus Territorialisation: The Peri-Urban Agriculture Area in Beirut --- 30. Reimagining the “Peri-Urban” in the Mega-Urban Regions of Southeast Asia --- Part X: Integrated Urban Development --- 31. Sustainability of Water Resources in Peri-urban Landscapes: Learning from the Journey of Engagement --- 32. Development of Future Management Options for the Hawkesbury River --- 33. Planning Development to Reduce Mosquito Hazard in Coastal Peri-Urban Areas: Case Studies in NSW, Australia --- 34. An Integrated Simulation and Visualisation Platform for the Design of Sustainable Urban Developments in a Peri-Urban Context --- 35. Options and Strategies for Balanced Development for Liveable Cities: An Epilogue
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 601 pages) , 136 illustrations, 109 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319281124
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-28112-4
    Language: English
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    Biofuels and Sustainability : Holistic Perspectives for Policy-making (2018)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Renewable energy resources ; Energy policy ; Energy and state ; Ecosystems ; Renewable energy sources ; Alternate energy sources ; Green energy industries ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Environmental management ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Sustainable Development ; Energy Policy, Economics and Management ; Ecosystems ; Environmental Management ; Renewable and Green Energy ; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface.-Introduction.-Part 1: Biofuels and Sustainability Conceptual Framework --- Chapter 1. Sustainability Science Perspective for Biofuels [Takeuchi, Matsuda] --- Chapter 2. Stakeholder perspectives and Multilevel Governance [Shiroyama, Matsuura] --- Chapter 3. Applying stakeholder perspectives to sustainable biofuel strategy: a summary of our analyses [Shiroyama, Matsuura].-Part 2: Impacts on land use and ecosystem services --- Chapter 4. Global Economic and Environmental Impacts - Economic Impacts of biofuels and related policy [Suzuki and Takahashi] --- Chapter 5. Global Economic and Environmental Impacts - Environmental impacts of biofuel production on the GHG emission reduction [Hanaki] --- Chapter 6. Impacts at the National & Regional Scales - Land use change impacts [Hayashi] --- Chapter 7. Impacts at the National & Regional Scales - Socioeconomic impacts in East Asia [Elder, Kozima, Sano and Hayashi] --- Chapter 8. Social, Economic and Political Impacts - Socio-Political impacts to the roles of stakeholders [Shiroyama and Matsuura ] --- Chapter 9. Social, Economic and Political Impacts - Impacts on ecosystem services [Alexandros and Stromberg] --- Part 3: Sustainable biofuels strategy options --- Chapter 10. Roadmap for building sustainable strategy options - Developing sustainable strategy options [Shiroyama and Matsuura] --- Chapter 11. Roadmap for building sustainable strategy options - Application of Ontology for developing strategy options [Kozaki, Mizoguchi and Saito] --- Chapter 12. Key strategies for policy makers - Global Strategies options [Arai, Matsuda and Suzuki] --- Chapter 13. Key strategies for policy makers - Regional Strategy options for East Asia [Elder, Kozima, Sano and Hayashi] --- Chapter 14. Key strategies for policy makers - National strategy options for Japan [Shiroyama, Matsuura and Saito]
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 265 pages) , 72 illustrations, 22 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431548959
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54895-9
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    Sustainable Development in the Jordan Valley : Final Report of the Regional NGO Master Plan (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environmental management ; Cultural heritage ; Tourism ; Management ; Nature conservation ; Sustainable development ; Development economics ; Economics ; Development Economics ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Sustainable Development ; Nature Conservation ; Cultural Heritage ; Tourism Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- The Jordan Valley --- Projections And Objectives --- Meeting The Strategic Planning Objectives --- The Year 2050 --- Final Conclusions And Recommendations --- Colophon.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLII, 239 pages) , 181 illustrations, 179 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319300368
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-30036-8
    Language: English
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    Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Ecotoxicology ; Waste management ; Environment ; Ecotoxicology ; Environmental Management ; Waste Management/Waste Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- Foreword by Keith Solomon and John Giesy --- Foreword by Coordinating Board of Editors --- Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in The United States – Overview and Conclusions --- Properties and Uses of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Fate in the Environment and Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos and its Oxon in the United States --- Exposures of Aquatic Organisms to the Organophosphorus Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos Resulting from Use in the United States --- Risks to Aquatic Organisms from Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Refined Avian Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Risk to Pollinators from the Use of Chlorpyrifos in the United States --- Index
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 269 pages) , 40 illustrations
    ISBN: 9783319038650
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-03865-0
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    Environmental Leadership Capacity Building in Higher Education : Experience and Lessons from Asian Program for Incubation of Environmental Leaders (2013)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Business ethics ; Environmental sciences ; Science education ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Science Education ; Business Ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: Asian Program for Incubation of Environmental Leaders --- Concepts of EL --- How to teach EL in a class room - Environmental Challenges and Leadership in Asia --- APIEL resonance --- Leadership Education tackling Water Environmental Issues in Arid Regions --- IPoS: Intensive Program on Sustainability --- Cambodia Considering their sustainable future --- BKK: Sustainable solid waste management in Asian developing countries --- Sustainable urban development toward Green City of the Greater Pearl River Delta, China
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 140 pages) , 34 illustrations, 24 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431543404
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54340-4
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    The Interconnected Arctic — UArctic Congress 2016 (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Medical research ; Environmental management ; Economics ; Quality of life ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Quality of Life Research ; Environment Studies ; Economic Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Vulnerability of the Arctic environments. Chapter 1 Mysteries of the geological history of the Cenozoic Arctic Ocean sea ice cover --- Chapter 2 Response of Arctic alpine biota to climate change -evidence from Polar Urals GLORIA summits --- Chapter 3 The features of natural and artificial recovery in quarries of the forest-tundra zone of Western Siberia --- Chapter 4 The concept of hierarchical structure of large marine ecosystems in the zoning of Russian Arctic shelf seas --- Chapter 5 Changing climate and outbreaks of forest pest insects in a cold northern country, Finland --- Chapter 6 Wood-based energy as a strategy for climate change mitigation in the Arctic –Perspectives on assessment of climate impacts and resource efficiency with Life Cycle Assessment --- Chapter 7. Geospatial analysis of persistent organic pollutant deposits in the Arctic ecosystems and environment --- Chapter 8 Hydrological probabilistic model MARCS and its application to simulate the probability density functions of multi-year maximal runoff: the Russian Arctic as a case of study --- Chapter 9 Student contribution: Assessment of Atmospheric Circulation in the Atlantic-Eurasian Region and Arctic Using Climate Indices. The Possible Applications of these Indices in Long-term Weather Forecasts --- Chapter 10 Student contribution: Difficulties of Geological Engineering in Arctic Seas --- Part II Vulnerability of the Arctic societies. Chapter 11 The Health Transition: A challenge to indigenous peoples in the Arctic --- Chapter 12 Uncertainties in Arctic socio-economic scenarios --- Chapter 13 Importance of consideration of climate change at managing fish stocks: A case of northern Russian fisheries --- Chapter 14 Preservation of territories and traditional activities of the northern indigenous peoples in the period of the Arctic industrial development --- Chapter 15 The Arctic journey – design experiments in the north --- Chapter 16 The Bicycle and the Arctic. Resilient and sustainable transport in times of climate change --- Part III Building the long-term human capacity. Chapter 17 Human capital development in the Russian Arctic --- Chapter 18 Impact of wages on employment and migration in the High North of Russia --- chapter 19 Well-being in an Arctic city. Designing a longitudinal study on student relationships and perceived quality of life --- Chapter 20 Researching Links between Teacher Wellbeing and Educational Change: Case Studies from Kazakhstan and Sakha Republic --- chapter 21 Student contribution: Well-being at the Polish polar station, Svalbard: Adaptation to extreme environments --- Part IV Arcitc tourism. Chapter 22 Tourism futures in the Arctic --- chapter 23 Uniqueness as a draw for riding under the midnight sun --- Chapter 24 Arctic tourism: the design approach with reference to the Russian North --- Part V Arctic safety. Chapter 25 Maritime operations and emergency preparedness in the Arctic –competence standards for search and rescue operations contingencies in polar waters --- Chapter 26 Risk reduction as a result of implementation of the functional based IMO Polar Code in the Arctic cruise industry --- Chapter 27 Safety of industrial development and transportation routes in the Arctic (SITRA) -collaboration project for research and education of future High North experts --- Chapter 28 Safe Snow and Ice Construction to Arctic Conditions --- Chapter 29 The components of psychological safety of oil and gas shift workers in the Arctic --- Part VI Circumpolar, inclusive and reciprocal Arctic. Chapter 30 Where is gender? Cracking the Arctic box and its persistent “gender neutral” research agendas --- Chapter 31 Towards an Arctic awakening: Neocolonialism, sustainable development, emancipatory research, collective action, and Arctic regional policymaking
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 311 pages) , 78 illustrations, 69 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319575322
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-57532-2
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    Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks - From Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN : With a Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; History ; Nuclear physics ; Heavy ions ; Hadrons ; Particle acceleration ; Physics ; Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics ; Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics ; History of Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Reminiscences: Rolf Hagedorn and Relativistic Heavy Ion Research.-- Part II The Hagedorn Temperature --- Part III Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks Heavy Ion Path to Quark-Gluon Plasma --- Acronyms
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 441 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319175454
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-17545-4
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    Non-Equilibrium Social Science and Policy : Introduction and Essays on New and Changing Paradigms in Socio-Economic Thinking (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Complexity, Computational ; Economic theory ; Social sciences ; Physics ; Data-driven Science, Modeling and Theory Building ; Methodology of the Social Sciences ; Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods ; Operations Research/Decision Theory ; Complexity ; Computational Social Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Non-Equilibrium Social Science & Policy --- Economics --- Social Psychology and Narrative Economy --- Sociology and Non-Equilibrium Social Science --- Geography far from Equilibrium --- Cities in Disequilibrium --- The Evolutionary Theory of Globalization --- Systems, Networks, and Policy --- Towards a Complexity-Friendly Policy: breaking the vicious circle of equilibrium thinking in economic and public policy --- The Information Economy --- Complexity Science & the Art of Policy Making --- The Complexity of Government --- The Room Around the Elephant: Tackling Context-Dependency in the Social Sciences --- Global Systems Science and Policy --- Index.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 232 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319424248
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-42424-8
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    Physical (A)Causality : Determinism, Randomness and Uncaused Events (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Epistemology ; Philosophy and science ; Probabilities ; Physics ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics ; Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics ; Epistemology ; Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes ; Philosophy of Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Embedded observers, reflexive perception and representation: Intrinsic and extrinsic observation mode --- Embedded observers and self-expression --- Reflexive measurement --- Intrinsic self-representation --- Part II Provable unknowns: On what is entirely hopeless --- Forecasting and unpredictability --- Induction by rule inference --- Other types of recursion theoretic unknowables --- What if there are no laws? Emergence of laws --- Part III Quantum unknowns: "Shut up and calculate" --- Evolution by permutation --- Quantum mechanics in a nutshell --- Quantum oracles --- Vacuum fluctuations --- Radioactive decay --- Part IV Exotic unknowns: Classical continua and infinities --- Classical (in)determinism --- Deterministic chaos --- Partition logics, finite automata and generalized urn models --- Part V Transcendence: Miracles --- Dualistic interfaces --- Part VI Executive summary: Executive summary --- Appendix A: Formal (in)computability and randomness --- B: Two particle correlations and expectations
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 219 pages) , 32 illustrations, 24 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319708157
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-70815-7
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    Foundations of Quantum Theory : From Classical Concepts to Operator Algebras (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Matrix theory ; Algebra ; Mathematical physics ; Quantum physics ; Physics ; Quantum Physics ; Mathematical Physics ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics ; Linear and Multilinear Algebras, Matrix Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Part I Co(X) and B(H): Classical physics on a finite phase space --- Quantum mechanics on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space --- Classical physics on a general phase space --- Quantum physics on a general Hilbert space --- Symmetry in quantum mechanics --- Part II Between Co(X) and B(H): Classical models of quantum mechanics --- Limits: Small hbar --- Limits: large N --- Symmetry in algebraic quantum theory --- Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking --- The Measurement Problem --- Topos theory and quantum logic --- Appendix A: Finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces --- Appendix B: Basic functional analysis --- Appendix C: Operator algebras --- Appendix D: Lattices and logic --- Appendix E: Category theory and topos theory --- References
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 861 pages) , 9 illustrations, 8 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319517773
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-51777-3
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    Optics in Our Time (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Physics ; Quantum optics ; Physics ; Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices ; Quantum Optics ; Popular Science in Physics ; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: History --- A brief history of light --- Ibn Al-Haitham – Father of modern optics --- Optical Sources --- Femtosecond light --- Laser --- LED light --- Electron optics --- Applications --- Biophotonics --- Optical communication --- Optical astronomy --- Solar cells --- Optics in Remote Sensing --- Optics in nanotechnology --- Optics in art --- Eye --- Optics in medicine --- Optical illusions --- Quantum Optics --- Optical tests of foundations of physics --- Nonlinear Optics: Historical Perspectives and New Opportunities --- Quantum communication --- Nature of photon --- Atom optics --- Coherent effects: From EIT to slow light
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 504 pages) , 355 illustrations, 277 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319319032
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-31903-2
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    Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Political science ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Political Science ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea: Identifying Key Challenges Research Topics and Analytical Approaches. Part 1: Interdisciplinary Case Studies of Environmental Governance --- Chapter 2. Eutrophication and the Ecosystem Approach to Management: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 3. Fisheries: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 4. Biological Invasions: a Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 5. Governance of Chemicals in the Baltic Sea Region: A Study of Three Generations of Hazardous Substances --- Chapter 6. Oil Spills from Shipping: A Case Study of the Governance of Accidental Hazards and Intentional Pollution in the Baltic Sea --- Part 2: Cross-Case Analysis of Key Environmental Governance Challenges --- Chapter 7. The Ecosystem Approach to Management in Baltic Sea Governance: Towards Increased Reflexivity? --- Chapter 8. Science-Policy Interfaces in Baltic Sea Environmental Governance: Towards Regional Cooperation and Management of Uncertainty? --- Chapter 9. Risk Communication and the Role of the Public: Towards Inclusive Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea? --- Chapter 10. Seeking Pathways Towards Improved Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 253 pages) , 10 illustrations, 3 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319270067
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-27006-7
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    Freshwater Governance for the 21st Century (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environmental management ; International relations ; Behavioral sciences ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Water ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice ; Environmental Management ; International Relations ; Behavioral Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction and Reflections --- 2. The Establishment of Catchment Management Agencies in South Africa with Reference to the Flussgebietsgemeinschaft Elbe: Some Practical Considerations --- 3. Towards Inclusive Water Governance: OECD Evidence and Key Principles of Stakeholder Engagement in the Water Sector --- 4. Free-Market Economics and Developmental Statism as Political Paradigms: Implications for Water Governance Theory and Practice in Developing Countries --- 5. Urban Water Governance as a Function of the “Urban Hydrosocial Transition” --- 6. Urban Water Governance for the 21st Century: A Portfolio-Based Approach to Planning and Management --- 7. Rights-Based Freshwater Governance for the 21st Century: Beyond an Exclusionary Focus on Domestic Water uses --- 8. Inclusive Transboundary Water Governance --- 9. Mechanisms for Inclusive Governance --- 10. Water Integrity - from Concept to Practice --- 11. Addressing the Groundwater Governance Challenge: A Call from the “Groundwater Governance: A Global Framework for Action” Project --- 12. Water Governance Futures in South Asia and Southern Africa: Déjà vu all Over Again?
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 250 pages) , 39 illustrations, 28 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319433509
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-43350-9
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    North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Marine Sciences ; Environmental management ; Atmospheric Sciences ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to the Assessment --- Past and Current Climate Change --- Past and Current Changes in the North Sea (and interface regions) --- Climate Change Projections --- Impacts of Current and Future Climate Change in Ecosystems --- Climate Impacts on Socio-economy
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLV, 528 pages) , 277 illustrations, 215 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319397450
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-39745-0
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    Taking Stock of Industrial Ecology (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Engineering economics ; Engineering economy ; Environmental management ; Waste management ; Sustainable development ; Industrial organization ; Environmental economics ; Environment ; Sustainable Development ; Waste Management/Waste Technology ; Environmental Economics ; Industrial Organization ; Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing ; Environmental Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- General reflections --- The Price of Everything and the Value of Nothing: sustainability ‘after the crisis’ --- Impacts of global trade flows --- Stocks and flows in the performance economy --- The Embeddedness of carbon in UK Lifestyles --- Ethics of Industrial Ecology --- Complexity and prediction --- Urban metabolism --- Industrial Symbiosis --- Industrial Ecology and the Solidarity Economy --- Industrial Ecology in Developing Countries --- Material Flow Analysis and Waste Management --- Social sciences in Industrial Ecology --- Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment --- Prospective Models of Society’s Future Metabolism --- Planetary boundaries and sustainable business --- Working with policymakers --- Portugal’s national waste plan --- The Industrial Ecology of the automobile
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 362 pages) , 43 illustrations, 34 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319205717
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-20571-7
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    Wetlands and Water Framework Directive : Protection, Management and Climate Change (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Environmental management ; Environmental sciences ; Geoecology ; Environmental geology ; Earth Sciences ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Geoecology/Natural Processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Wetlands and Water Framework Directive: protection, management and climate change --- Synergies and Conflicts between Water Framework Directive and Natura 2000: Legal requirements, technical guidance and experiences from practice --- Can Natura 2000 Sites Benefit from River Basin Management Planning Under a Changing Climate? Lessons from Germany --- Do water management and climate-adapted management of wetlands interfere in practice? Lessons from the Biebrza Valley, Poland --- Wetlands in river valleys as an effect of fluvial processes and anthropopression --- New vision of the role of land reclamation systems in nature protection and water management
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 103 pages) , 19 illustrations, 12 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319137643
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-13764-3
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    Rangeland Systems : Processes, Management and Challenges (2017)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Ecology ; Climate change ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Environmental management ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice ; Ecology ; Climate Change
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Conceptual development toward a rangeland systems framework --- Part: 1 Processes --- 2. Woody plant encroachment --- 3. Ecohydrology: processes and implications for rangelands --- 4. Soil and belowground processes --- 5. Structural heterogeneity as the basis for rangeland management --- 6. Non-equilibrium ecology and resilience theory --- 7. Ecological consequences of climate change on rangelands --- Part: 2 Management --- 8. Rangelands as social-ecological systems --- 9. State and transition models: theory, applications, and challenges --- 10. Livestock production systems --- 11. Adaptive management of rangeland systems --- 12. Managing the livestock-wildlife interface on rangelands --- Part: 3 Challenges --- 13. Invasive plant species and novel rangeland systems --- 14. Rangeland ecosystem services: nature´s supply and humans´ demand --- 15. Managing climate change risks in rangeland systems --- 16. Monitoring protocols: options, approaches, implementation, benefits --- 17. Rangeland systems in developing nations: conceptual advances and societal implications
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 661 pages) , 101 illustrations, 69 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319467092
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-46709-2
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    Sustainable Living with Environmental Risks (2014)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Physical geography ; Environmental management ; Sustainable development ; Earth Sciences ; Earth System Sciences ; Environmental Management ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Science Advancement and Leadership Development --- Biodiversity Agriculture Supports Human Populations --- Conservation and Sustainable Management of Soil Biodiversity for Agricultural Productivity --- Conservation Tillage Assessment For Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emission In Rainfed Agro-Ecosystem --- Improving Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields to Promote Land Sustainability --- Agroforestry Models for Promoting Effective Risk Management and Building Sustainable Communities --- Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Conservation of Forest Resources in Madagascar --- Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management in Thailand: Key Lesson Learned for Environmental Risk Management --- Necessity of Adaptive Risk Management for Fisheries and Wildlife --- Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services and Food Security in Southeast Asia --- Emerging Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa Rosa Subwatershed --- Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia --- Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar --- Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles from the Japanese Experience --- Research on the Sod Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins --- Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment --- Ecosystem Restoration Using the Near-Natural Method in Shanghai --- Sustainable Management of Urban Green Environments: Challenges and Opportunities --- Environment and Social Capacity Assessment for Sustainability Promotion and Risk Management --- Rural Landscape Conservation in Japan: Lessons from the Satoyama Conservation Program in Kanagawa Prefecture --- Enhancing Students’ Ecological Thinking to Improve Understanding of Environmental Risk --- Interactive Multimedia Education System (IMES) as a International Education Platform
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 286 pages) , 89 illustrations, 70 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431548041
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54804-1
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    Designing Sustainable Technologies, Products and Policies : From Science to Innovation (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Sustainable development ; Environmental management ; Renewable energy sources ; Industrial management-Environmen ; Sustainable Development ; Environmental Management ; Renewable and Green Energy ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Sustainability Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introducing Life Cycle Management --- Introduction: Life Cycle Management --- Life Cycle Management: Implementing Sustainability in Business Practice --- Life Cycle Management as a Way to Operationalize Sustainability Within Organizations --- How to Implement Life Cycle Management in Business? --- Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment: A Tool for Exercising due Diligence in Life Cycle Management --- Life Cycle Management: Labeling, Declarations and Certifications at the Product Level —Different Approaches --- Mainstreaming the Use of Life Cycle Management in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Using a Sector Based and Regional Approach --- Part II: Advancing the Implementation of Life Cycle Management in Business Practice --- From Projects to Processes to Implement Life Cycle Management in Business --- How to Make the LCA Team a Business Partner --- Sustainability Improvements and Life Cycle Approaches in Industry Partnerships --- Sustainable Value Creation with Life Cycle Management --- Part III: Life Cycle Management as Part of Sustainable Consumption and Production Strategies and Policies --- Hotspots Analysis: Providing the Focus for Action --- From Sustainable Production to Sustainable Consumption.-Life Cycle Management Responsibilities and Procedures in the Value Chain --- Policy Options for Life Cycle Assessment Deployment in Legislation --- Part IV: Mainstreaming and Capacity Building on Life Cycle Management --- Taking Life Cycle Management Mainstream: Integration in Corporate Finance and Accounting --- Building Organizational Capability for Life Cycle Management --- Promoting Life Cycle Thinking, Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Management Within Business in Brazil --- Mainstreaming Life Cycle Sustainability Management in Rapidly Growing and Emerging Economies Through Capacity-building.-Communication and Collaboration as Essential Elements for Mainstreaming Life Cycle Management.-Part V: Implementation and Case Studies of Life Cycle Management in Different Business and Industry Sector --- Exploring Challenges and Opportunities of Life Cycle Management in the Electricity Sector --- Life Cycle Management Applied to Urban Fabric Planning --- Implementing Life Cycle Engineering in Automotive Development as a Helpful Management Tool to Support Design for Environment --- Managing Life cycle Sustainability Aspects in the Automotive Industry --- Life Cycle Management as a Way to Operationalize the Creating Shared Value Concept in the Food and Beverage Industry: A Case Study
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 520 pages) , 106 illustrations, 27 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319669816
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-66981-6
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    Palaeontology: Muddy tetrapod origins (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janvier, Philippe -- Clement, Gael -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 7;463(7277):40-1. doi: 10.1038/463040a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20054387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chordata/anatomy & histology/classification/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Fossils ; Gait/physiology ; History, Ancient ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Poland
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    The key nickel enzyme of methanogenesis catalyses the anaerobic oxidation of methane (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-04
    Description: Large amounts (estimates range from 70 Tg per year to 300 Tg per year) of the potent greenhouse gas methane are oxidized to carbon dioxide in marine sediments by communities of methanotrophic archaea and sulphate-reducing bacteria, and thus are prevented from escaping into the atmosphere. Indirect evidence indicates that the anaerobic oxidation of methane might proceed as the reverse of archaeal methanogenesis from carbon dioxide with the nickel-containing methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) as the methane-activating enzyme. However, experiments showing that MCR can catalyse the endergonic back reaction have been lacking. Here we report that purified MCR from Methanothermobacter marburgensis converts methane into methyl-coenzyme M under equilibrium conditions with apparent V(max) (maximum rate) and K(m) (Michaelis constant) values consistent with the observed in vivo kinetics of the anaerobic oxidation of methane with sulphate. This result supports the hypothesis of 'reverse methanogenesis' and is paramount to understanding the still-unknown mechanism of the last step of methanogenesis. The ability of MCR to cleave the particularly strong C-H bond of methane without the involvement of highly reactive oxygen-derived intermediates is directly relevant to catalytic C-H activation, currently an area of great interest in chemistry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheller, Silvan -- Goenrich, Meike -- Boecher, Reinhard -- Thauer, Rudolf K -- Jaun, Bernhard -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 3;465(7298):606-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09015.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20520712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; *Biocatalysis ; Gases/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mesna/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Methane/*biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Methanobacteriaceae/*enzymology ; Methylation ; Models, Biological ; Nickel/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases/*metabolism ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    A systems approach (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chi, Kelly Rae -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 15;464(7291):1090-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20503480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/pathology/therapy ; Computational Biology/education/manpower/trends ; Female ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology/therapy ; Research Personnel/education ; Systems Biology/education/manpower/*trends
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    Thousands of chemical starting points for antimalarial lead identification (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-21
    Description: Malaria is a devastating infection caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. Drug resistance is widespread, no new chemical class of antimalarials has been introduced into clinical practice since 1996 and there is a recent rise of parasite strains with reduced sensitivity to the newest drugs. We screened nearly 2 million compounds in GlaxoSmithKline's chemical library for inhibitors of P. falciparum, of which 13,533 were confirmed to inhibit parasite growth by at least 80% at 2 microM concentration. More than 8,000 also showed potent activity against the multidrug resistant strain Dd2. Most (82%) compounds originate from internal company projects and are new to the malaria community. Analyses using historic assay data suggest several novel mechanisms of antimalarial action, such as inhibition of protein kinases and host-pathogen interaction related targets. Chemical structures and associated data are hereby made public to encourage additional drug lead identification efforts and further research into this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gamo, Francisco-Javier -- Sanz, Laura M -- Vidal, Jaume -- de Cozar, Cristina -- Alvarez, Emilio -- Lavandera, Jose-Luis -- Vanderwall, Dana E -- Green, Darren V S -- Kumar, Vinod -- Hasan, Samiul -- Brown, James R -- Peishoff, Catherine E -- Cardon, Lon R -- Garcia-Bustos, Jose F -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):305-10. doi: 10.1038/nature09107.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485427" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antimalarials/*analysis/chemistry/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Drug Discovery ; Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects ; Humans ; Malaria, Falciparum/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/enzymology/genetics/growth & development ; Small Molecule Libraries/*analysis/chemistry/*pharmacology/toxicity
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    Cancer: Genomic evolution of metastasis (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luebeck, E Georg -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1053-5. doi: 10.1038/4671053a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Lineage/genetics ; Clone Cells/metabolism/pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Disease Progression ; Early Detection of Cancer ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genomic Instability/*genetics ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Mutagenesis/*genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*genetics/pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/classification/*genetics/*pathology ; Time Factors
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    Diverse opportunities (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-07-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paterlini, Marta -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 27;465(7297):514-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20597184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Denmark ; Education, Graduate/statistics & numerical data ; Emigration and Immigration/statistics & numerical data ; Foreign Professional Personnel/supply & distribution ; Personnel Selection ; Physics ; Research/economics/education/*manpower/standards
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    NINJA connects the co-repressor TOPLESS to jasmonate signalling (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a plant hormone that regulates a broad array of plant defence and developmental processes. JA-Ile-responsive gene expression is regulated by the transcriptional activator MYC2 that interacts physically with the jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins. On perception of JA-Ile, JAZ proteins are degraded and JA-Ile-dependent gene expression is activated. The molecular mechanisms by which JAZ proteins repress gene expression remain unknown. Here we show that the Arabidopsis JAZ proteins recruit the Groucho/Tup1-type co-repressor TOPLESS (TPL) and TPL-related proteins (TPRs) through a previously uncharacterized adaptor protein, designated Novel Interactor of JAZ (NINJA). NINJA acts as a transcriptional repressor whose activity is mediated by a functional TPL-binding EAR repression motif. Accordingly, both NINJA and TPL proteins function as negative regulators of jasmonate responses. Our results point to TPL proteins as general co-repressors that affect multiple signalling pathways through the interaction with specific adaptor proteins. This new insight reveals how stress-related and growth-related signalling cascades use common molecular mechanisms to regulate gene expression in plants.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849182/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849182/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pauwels, Laurens -- Barbero, Gemma Fernandez -- Geerinck, Jan -- Tilleman, Sofie -- Grunewald, Wim -- Perez, Amparo Cuellar -- Chico, Jose Manuel -- Bossche, Robin Vanden -- Sewell, Jared -- Gil, Eduardo -- Garcia-Casado, Gloria -- Witters, Erwin -- Inze, Dirk -- Long, Jeff A -- De Jaeger, Geert -- Solano, Roberto -- Goossens, Alain -- R01 GM072764/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072764-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 1;464(7289):788-91. doi: 10.1038/nature08854.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Gent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/cytology/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cyclopentanes/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Models, Biological ; Oxylipins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Protein Binding ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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    Evolutionary biology: Oh sibling, who art thou? (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cockburn, Andrew -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):930-1. doi: 10.1038/466930a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/genetics/*physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Fathers ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Mothers ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Siblings
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    RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-02-25
    Description: Tumours with mutant BRAF are dependent on the RAF-MEK-ERK signalling pathway for their growth. We found that ATP-competitive RAF inhibitors inhibit ERK signalling in cells with mutant BRAF, but unexpectedly enhance signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF. Here we demonstrate the mechanistic basis for these findings. We used chemical genetic methods to show that drug-mediated transactivation of RAF dimers is responsible for paradoxical activation of the enzyme by inhibitors. Induction of ERK signalling requires direct binding of the drug to the ATP-binding site of one kinase of the dimer and is dependent on RAS activity. Drug binding to one member of RAF homodimers (CRAF-CRAF) or heterodimers (CRAF-BRAF) inhibits one protomer, but results in transactivation of the drug-free protomer. In BRAF(V600E) tumours, RAS is not activated, thus transactivation is minimal and ERK signalling is inhibited in cells exposed to RAF inhibitors. These results indicate that RAF inhibitors will be effective in tumours in which BRAF is mutated. Furthermore, because RAF inhibitors do not inhibit ERK signalling in other cells, the model predicts that they would have a higher therapeutic index and greater antitumour activity than mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors, but could also cause toxicity due to MEK/ERK activation. These predictions have been borne out in a recent clinical trial of the RAF inhibitor PLX4032 (refs 4, 5). The model indicates that promotion of RAF dimerization by elevation of wild-type RAF expression or RAS activity could lead to drug resistance in mutant BRAF tumours. In agreement with this prediction, RAF inhibitors do not inhibit ERK signalling in cells that coexpress BRAF(V600E) and mutant RAS.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178447/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178447/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Poulikakos, Poulikos I -- Zhang, Chao -- Bollag, Gideon -- Shokat, Kevan M -- Rosen, Neal -- 1P01CA129243-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 2R01EB001987/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA129243-010002/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB001987/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA091178/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA091178-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):427-30. doi: 10.1038/nature08902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20179705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/*metabolism ; Humans ; Indoles/pharmacology ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/*drug effects ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/drug therapy/enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/metabolism/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Protein Multimerization ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology ; Transcriptional Activation/*drug effects ; raf Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; ras Proteins/genetics/metabolism
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    Higher rates of sex evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-15
    Description: The evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction has puzzled biologists for decades. Although this field is rich in hypotheses, experimental evidence is scarce. Some important experiments have demonstrated differences in evolutionary rates between sexual and asexual populations; other experiments have documented evolutionary changes in phenomena related to genetic mixing, such as recombination and selfing. However, direct experiments of the evolution of sex within populations are extremely rare (but see ref. 12). Here we use the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, which is capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction, to test recent theory predicting that there is more opportunity for sex to evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments. Replicated experimental populations of rotifers were maintained in homogeneous environments, composed of either high- or low-quality food habitats, or in heterogeneous environments that consisted of a mix of the two habitats. For populations maintained in either type of homogeneous environment, the rate of sex evolves rapidly towards zero. In contrast, higher rates of sex evolve in populations experiencing spatially heterogeneous environments. The data indicate that the higher level of sex observed under heterogeneity is not due to sex being less costly or selection against sex being less efficient; rather sex is sufficiently advantageous in heterogeneous environments to overwhelm its inherent costs. Counter to some alternative theories for the evolution of sex, there is no evidence that genetic drift plays any part in the evolution of sex in these populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Becks, Lutz -- Agrawal, Aneil F -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):89-92. doi: 10.1038/nature09449. Epub 2010 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. lutz.becks@utoronto.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration/physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Diet/veterinary ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; *Food ; Genetic Drift ; Male ; Meiosis/genetics ; Models, Biological ; Ovum/physiology ; Population Density ; Reproduction/physiology ; Reproduction, Asexual/physiology ; Rotifera/cytology/genetics/*physiology ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex
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    The trophic fingerprint of marine fisheries (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-11-19
    Description: Biodiversity indicators provide a vital window on the state of the planet, guiding policy development and management. The most widely adopted marine indicator is mean trophic level (MTL) from catches, intended to detect shifts from high-trophic-level predators to low-trophic-level invertebrates and plankton-feeders. This indicator underpins reported trends in human impacts, declining when predators collapse ("fishing down marine food webs") and when low-trophic-level fisheries expand ("fishing through marine food webs"). The assumption is that catch MTL measures changes in ecosystem MTL and biodiversity. Here we combine model predictions with global assessments of MTL from catches, trawl surveys and fisheries stock assessments and find that catch MTL does not reliably predict changes in marine ecosystems. Instead, catch MTL trends often diverge from ecosystem MTL trends obtained from surveys and assessments. In contrast to previous findings of rapid declines in catch MTL, we observe recent increases in catch, survey and assessment MTL. However, catches from most trophic levels are rising, which can intensify fishery collapses even when MTL trends are stable or increasing. To detect fishing impacts on marine biodiversity, we recommend greater efforts to measure true abundance trends for marine species, especially those most vulnerable to fishing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Branch, Trevor A -- Watson, Reg -- Fulton, Elizabeth A -- Jennings, Simon -- McGilliard, Carey R -- Pablico, Grace T -- Ricard, Daniel -- Tracey, Sean R -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):431-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09528.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5020, USA. tbranch@uw.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21085178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environmental Policy ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes/metabolism ; Food Chain ; Human Activities ; Invertebrates/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Plankton/metabolism
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    Reprogramming towards pluripotency requires AID-dependent DNA demethylation (2009)
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    Publication Date: 2009-12-23
    Description: Reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei to yield induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells makes possible derivation of patient-specific stem cells for regenerative medicine. However, iPS cell generation is asynchronous and slow (2-3 weeks), the frequency is low (〈0.1%), and DNA demethylation constitutes a bottleneck. To determine regulatory mechanisms involved in reprogramming, we generated interspecies heterokaryons (fused mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and human fibroblasts) that induce reprogramming synchronously, frequently and fast. Here we show that reprogramming towards pluripotency in single heterokaryons is initiated without cell division or DNA replication, rapidly (1 day) and efficiently (70%). Short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown showed that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID, also known as AICDA) is required for promoter demethylation and induction of OCT4 (also known as POU5F1) and NANOG gene expression. AID protein bound silent methylated OCT4 and NANOG promoters in fibroblasts, but not active demethylated promoters in ES cells. These data provide new evidence that mammalian AID is required for active DNA demethylation and initiation of nuclear reprogramming towards pluripotency in human somatic cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhutani, Nidhi -- Brady, Jennifer J -- Damian, Mara -- Sacco, Alessandra -- Corbel, Stephane Y -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 25;463(7284):1042-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/*physiology ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cytidine Deaminase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Replication ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/enzymology/*metabolism ; Lung/cytology/embryology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Time Factors
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    The evolution of eusociality (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-27
    Description: Eusociality, in which some individuals reduce their own lifetime reproductive potential to raise the offspring of others, underlies the most advanced forms of social organization and the ecologically dominant role of social insects and humans. For the past four decades kin selection theory, based on the concept of inclusive fitness, has been the major theoretical attempt to explain the evolution of eusociality. Here we show the limitations of this approach. We argue that standard natural selection theory in the context of precise models of population structure represents a simpler and superior approach, allows the evaluation of multiple competing hypotheses, and provides an exact framework for interpreting empirical observations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279739/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279739/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, Martin A -- Tarnita, Corina E -- Wilson, Edward O -- R01 GM078986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078986-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM078986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 26;466(7310):1057-62. doi: 10.1038/nature09205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. martin_nowak@harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20740005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Humans ; Insects/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Selection, Genetic ; *Social Behavior
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    Crystal structures of the CusA efflux pump suggest methionine-mediated metal transport (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-09-25
    Description: Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, frequently use tripartite efflux complexes in the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) family to expel various toxic compounds from the cell. The efflux system CusCBA is responsible for extruding biocidal Cu(I) and Ag(I) ions. No previous structural information was available for the heavy-metal efflux (HME) subfamily of the RND efflux pumps. Here we describe the crystal structures of the inner-membrane transporter CusA in the absence and presence of bound Cu(I) or Ag(I). These CusA structures provide new structural information about the HME subfamily of RND efflux pumps. The structures suggest that the metal-binding sites, formed by a three-methionine cluster, are located within the cleft region of the periplasmic domain. This cleft is closed in the apo-CusA form but open in the CusA-Cu(I) and CusA-Ag(I) structures, which directly suggests a plausible pathway for ion export. Binding of Cu(I) and Ag(I) triggers significant conformational changes in both the periplasmic and transmembrane domains. The crystal structure indicates that CusA has, in addition to the three-methionine metal-binding site, four methionine pairs-three located in the transmembrane region and one in the periplasmic domain. Genetic analysis and transport assays suggest that CusA is capable of actively picking up metal ions from the cytosol, using these methionine pairs or clusters to bind and export metal ions. These structures suggest a stepwise shuttle mechanism for transport between these sites.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2946090/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2946090/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Long, Feng -- Su, Chih-Chia -- Zimmermann, Michael T -- Boyken, Scott E -- Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R -- Jernigan, Robert L -- Yu, Edward W -- GM 072014/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 074027/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 081680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 086431/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072014/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074027/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074027-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM086431/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM086431-01A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR-15301/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):484-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09395.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Iowa 50011, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20865003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apoproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Copper/chemistry/*metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*chemistry ; Escherichia coli Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Ion Transport ; Membrane Transport Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Methionine/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Periplasm/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Silver/chemistry/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-11-26
    Description: Sugar efflux transporters are essential for the maintenance of animal blood glucose levels, plant nectar production, and plant seed and pollen development. Despite broad biological importance, the identity of sugar efflux transporters has remained elusive. Using optical glucose sensors, we identified a new class of sugar transporters, named SWEETs, and show that at least six out of seventeen Arabidopsis, two out of over twenty rice and two out of seven homologues in Caenorhabditis elegans, and the single copy human protein, mediate glucose transport. Arabidopsis SWEET8 is essential for pollen viability, and the rice homologues SWEET11 and SWEET14 are specifically exploited by bacterial pathogens for virulence by means of direct binding of a bacterial effector to the SWEET promoter. Bacterial symbionts and fungal and bacterial pathogens induce the expression of different SWEET genes, indicating that the sugar efflux function of SWEET transporters is probably targeted by pathogens and symbionts for nutritional gain. The metazoan homologues may be involved in sugar efflux from intestinal, liver, epididymis and mammary cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3000469/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3000469/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Li-Qing -- Hou, Bi-Huei -- Lalonde, Sylvie -- Takanaga, Hitomi -- Hartung, Mara L -- Qu, Xiao-Qing -- Guo, Woei-Jiun -- Kim, Jung-Gun -- Underwood, William -- Chaudhuri, Bhavna -- Chermak, Diane -- Antony, Ginny -- White, Frank F -- Somerville, Shauna C -- Mudgett, Mary Beth -- Frommer, Wolf B -- 1R01DK079109/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F32GM083439-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109-03S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK079109-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068886/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- ZR01GM06886-06A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 25;468(7323):527-32. doi: 10.1038/nature09606.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama St, Stanford, California 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21107422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism/microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Biological Transport/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Glucose/*metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/*physiology ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Oryza/genetics/metabolism/microbiology ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Xenopus/genetics
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    Altruism researchers must cooperate (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okasha, Samir -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 7;467(7316):653-5. doi: 10.1038/467653a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TB, UK. Samir.Okasha@bristol.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20930821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altruism ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Group Processes ; Male ; Models, Biological ; *Research Personnel ; Selection, Genetic ; Social Behavior
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    Quantum physics: Hot entanglement (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vedral, Vlatko -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 9;468(7325):769-70. doi: 10.1038/468769a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21150986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hot Temperature ; Models, Biological ; Photosynthesis ; *Quantum Theory ; *Thermodynamics
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    Role of a ribosome-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase in protein quality control (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-09-14
    Description: Messenger RNA lacking stop codons ('non-stop mRNA') can arise from errors in gene expression, and encode aberrant proteins whose accumulation could be deleterious to cellular function. In bacteria, these 'non-stop proteins' become co-translationally tagged with a peptide encoded by ssrA/tmRNA (transfer-messenger RNA), which signals their degradation by energy-dependent proteases. How eukaryotic cells eliminate non-stop proteins has remained unknown. Here we show that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ltn1 RING-domain-type E3 ubiquitin ligase acts in the quality control of non-stop proteins, in a process that is mechanistically distinct but conceptually analogous to that performed by ssrA: Ltn1 is predominantly associated with ribosomes, and it marks nascent non-stop proteins with ubiquitin to signal their proteasomal degradation. Ltn1-mediated ubiquitylation of non-stop proteins seems to be triggered by their stalling in ribosomes on translation through the poly(A) tail. The biological relevance of this process is underscored by the finding that loss of Ltn1 function confers sensitivity to stress caused by increased non-stop protein production. We speculate that defective protein quality control may underlie the neurodegenerative phenotype that results from mutation of the mouse Ltn1 homologue Listerin.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2988496/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2988496/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bengtson, Mario H -- Joazeiro, Claudio A P -- R01 GM083060/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083060-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM083060/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):470-3. doi: 10.1038/nature09371. Epub 2010 Sep 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, CB168, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20835226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Codon, Terminator/genetics ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Peptide Chain Termination, Translational ; Polylysine/biosynthesis/metabolism ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Biosynthesis/*physiology ; Ribosomes/*enzymology/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; *Ubiquitination
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    Structural mechanism of C-type inactivation in K(+) channels (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-07-09
    Description: Interconversion between conductive and non-conductive forms of the K(+) channel selectivity filter underlies a variety of gating events, from flicker transitions (at the microsecond timescale) to C-type inactivation (millisecond to second timescale). Here we report the crystal structure of the Streptomyces lividans K(+) channel KcsA in its open-inactivated conformation and investigate the mechanism of C-type inactivation gating at the selectivity filter from channels 'trapped' in a series of partially open conformations. Five conformer classes were identified with openings ranging from 12 A in closed KcsA (Calpha-Calpha distances at Thr 112) to 32 A when fully open. They revealed a remarkable correlation between the degree of gate opening and the conformation and ion occupancy of the selectivity filter. We show that a gradual filter backbone reorientation leads first to a loss of the S2 ion binding site and a subsequent loss of the S3 binding site, presumably abrogating ion conduction. These structures indicate a molecular basis for C-type inactivation in K(+) channels.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033749/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033749/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cuello, Luis G -- Jogini, Vishwanath -- Cortes, D Marien -- Perozo, Eduardo -- R01 GM057846/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057846-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM57846/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 8;466(7303):203-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09153.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20613835" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Electrons ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Potassium/metabolism ; Potassium Channels/*chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Streptomyces lividans/*chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Climate-driven population divergence in sex-determining systems (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-29
    Description: Sex determination is a fundamental biological process, yet its mechanisms are remarkably diverse. In vertebrates, sex can be determined by inherited genetic factors or by the temperature experienced during embryonic development. However, the evolutionary causes of this diversity remain unknown. Here we show that live-bearing lizards at different climatic extremes of the species' distribution differ in their sex-determining mechanisms, with temperature-dependent sex determination in lowlands and genotypic sex determination in highlands. A theoretical model parameterized with field data accurately predicts this divergence in sex-determining systems and the consequence thereof for variation in cohort sex ratios among years. Furthermore, we show that divergent natural selection on sex determination across altitudes is caused by climatic effects on lizard life history and variation in the magnitude of between-year temperature fluctuations. Our results establish an adaptive explanation for intra-specific divergence in sex-determining systems driven by phenotypic plasticity and ecological selection, thereby providing a unifying framework for integrating the developmental, ecological and evolutionary basis for variation in vertebrate sex determination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pen, Ido -- Uller, Tobias -- Feldmeyer, Barbara -- Harts, Anna -- While, Geoffrey M -- Wapstra, Erik -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):436-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09512. Epub 2010 Oct 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Theoretical Biology Group, University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, the Netherlands. i.r.pen@rug.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Altitude ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Climate ; Female ; Genotype ; Lizards/*genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Phenotype ; Selection, Genetic ; Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Processes/genetics/physiology ; *Sex Differentiation/genetics/physiology ; Sex Ratio ; *Temperature ; Time Factors ; Viviparity, Nonmammalian/physiology
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    A runaway success (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Penzias, Arno Allan -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 14;467(7317):S4. doi: 10.1038/467S4a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computing Methodologies ; Genomics ; *Nobel Prize ; Physics ; Politics ; Private Sector ; Public Opinion ; Public Policy ; Research/trends ; *Research Personnel
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    Germans cook up liver project (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abbott, Alison -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 16;468(7326):879. doi: 10.1038/468879a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cooperative Behavior ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Germany ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Liver/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism ; Physics ; Research Personnel ; Systems Biology/economics/manpower/*trends
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    Negative plant-soil feedback predicts tree-species relative abundance in a tropical forest (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-29
    Description: The accumulation of species-specific enemies around adults is hypothesized to maintain plant diversity by limiting the recruitment of conspecific seedlings relative to heterospecific seedlings. Although previous studies in forested ecosystems have documented patterns consistent with the process of negative feedback, these studies are unable to address which classes of enemies (for example, pathogens, invertebrates, mammals) exhibit species-specific effects strong enough to generate negative feedback, and whether negative feedback at the level of the individual tree is sufficient to influence community-wide forest composition. Here we use fully reciprocal shade-house and field experiments to test whether the performance of conspecific tree seedlings (relative to heterospecific seedlings) is reduced when grown in the presence of enemies associated with adult trees. Both experiments provide strong evidence for negative plant-soil feedback mediated by soil biota. In contrast, above-ground enemies (mammals, foliar herbivores and foliar pathogens) contributed little to negative feedback observed in the field. In both experiments, we found that tree species that showed stronger negative feedback were less common as adults in the forest community, indicating that susceptibility to soil biota may determine species relative abundance in these tropical forests. Finally, our simulation models confirm that the strength of local negative feedback that we measured is sufficient to produce the observed community-wide patterns in tree-species relative abundance. Our findings indicate that plant-soil feedback is an important mechanism that can maintain species diversity and explain patterns of tree-species relative abundance in tropical forests.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mangan, Scott A -- Schnitzer, Stefan A -- Herre, Edward A -- Mack, Keenan M L -- Valencia, Mariana C -- Sanchez, Evelyn I -- Bever, James D -- R01 GM092660/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):752-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09273.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA. smangan37@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20581819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; Computer Simulation ; Feedback, Physiological ; Food Chain ; Insects/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Panama ; Population Density ; Seedlings/growth & development ; Soil/*analysis ; *Soil Microbiology ; Species Specificity ; Trees/*classification/*growth & development/microbiology/parasitology ; *Tropical Climate ; Vertebrates/physiology
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    Intercalation of a new tier of transcription regulation into an ancient circuit (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: Changes in gene regulatory networks are a major source of evolutionary novelty. Here we describe a specific type of network rewiring event, one that intercalates a new level of transcriptional control into an ancient circuit. We deduce that, over evolutionary time, the direct ancestral connections between a regulator and its target genes were broken and replaced by indirect connections, preserving the overall logic of the ancestral circuit but producing a new behaviour. The example was uncovered through a series of experiments in three ascomycete yeasts: the bakers' yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the dairy yeast Kluyveromyces lactis and the human pathogen Candida albicans. All three species have three cell types: two mating-competent cell forms (a and alpha) and the product of their mating (a/alpha), which is mating-incompetent. In the ancestral mating circuit, two homeodomain proteins, Mata1 and Matalpha2, form a heterodimer that directly represses four genes that are expressed only in a and alpha cells and are required for mating. In a relatively recent ancestor of K. lactis, a reorganization occurred. The Mata1-Matalpha2 heterodimer represses the same four genes (known as the core haploid-specific genes) but now does so indirectly through an intermediate regulatory protein, Rme1. The overall logic of the ancestral circuit is preserved (haploid-specific genes ON in a and alpha cells and OFF in a/alpha cells), but a new phenotype was produced by the rewiring: unlike S. cerevisiae and C. albicans, K. lactis integrates nutritional signals, by means of Rme1, into the decision of whether or not to mate.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3254258/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3254258/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Booth, Lauren N -- Tuch, Brian B -- Johnson, Alexander D -- R01 GM037049/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM037049-26/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM037049-27/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 16;468(7326):959-63. doi: 10.1038/nature09560.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Candida albicans/cytology/*genetics/metabolism/physiology ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/genetics ; Genes, Fungal/genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Kluyveromyces/cytology/*genetics/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Phenotype ; Protein Precursors/genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/*genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/*genetics
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    Inferring echolocation in ancient bats (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-21
    Description: Laryngeal echolocation, used by most living bats to form images of their surroundings and to detect and capture flying prey, is considered to be a key innovation for the evolutionary success of bats, and palaeontologists have long sought osteological correlates of echolocation that can be used to infer the behaviour of fossil bats. Veselka et al. argued that the most reliable trait indicating echolocation capabilities in bats is an articulation between the stylohyal bone (part of the hyoid apparatus that supports the throat and larynx) and the tympanic bone, which forms the floor of the middle ear. They examined the oldest and most primitive known bat, Onychonycteris finneyi (early Eocene, USA), and argued that it showed evidence of this stylohyal-tympanic articulation, from which they concluded that O. finneyi may have been capable of echolocation. We disagree with their interpretation of key fossil data and instead argue that O. finneyi was probably not an echolocating bat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, Nancy B -- Seymour, Kevin L -- Habersetzer, Jorg -- Gunnell, Gregg F -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):E8; discussion E9. doi: 10.1038/nature09219.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA. simmons@amnh.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Structures/physiology ; Animals ; Bone and Bones/physiology ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; *Fossils ; Models, Biological ; Reproducibility of Results
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    Fisheries: Measuring biodiversity in marine ecosystems (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Powers, Joseph E -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):385-6. doi: 10.1038/468385a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21085170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*isolation & purification ; *Biodiversity ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; Food Chain ; Models, Biological
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    Ecology: Fish in Levy-flight foraging (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viswanathan, Gandhimohan M -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 24;465(7301):1018-9. doi: 10.1038/4651018a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20577199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes/*physiology ; *Food ; Locomotion/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Predatory Behavior/*physiology ; *Seawater ; Swimming/physiology
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    Structural biology: An alphavirus puzzle solved (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3088109/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3088109/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kielian, Margaret -- R01 AI075647/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI075647-17/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057454-11/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI067931/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI067931-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 2;468(7324):645-6. doi: 10.1038/468645a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chikungunya virus/*chemistry/physiology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Membrane Fusion ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Sindbis Virus/*chemistry/*physiology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Viral Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Virion/chemistry/metabolism ; *Virus Internalization
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    Behavioural ecology: Learn to beat an identity cheat (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kilner, Rebecca -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 14;463(7278):165-7. doi: 10.1038/463165a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Birds/*parasitology/*physiology ; Cues ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Nesting Behavior/*physiology ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors
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    Promiscuity and the evolutionary transition to complex societies (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-21
    Description: Theory predicts that the evolution of cooperative behaviour is favoured by low levels of promiscuity leading to high within-group relatedness. However, in vertebrates, cooperation often occurs between non-relatives and promiscuity rates are among the highest recorded. Here we resolve this apparent inconsistency with a phylogenetic analysis of 267 bird species, demonstrating that cooperative breeding is associated with low promiscuity; that in cooperative species, helping is more common when promiscuity is low; and that intermediate levels of promiscuity favour kin discrimination. Overall, these results suggest that promiscuity is a unifying feature across taxa in explaining transitions to and from cooperative societies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cornwallis, Charlie K -- West, Stuart A -- Davis, Katie E -- Griffin, Ashleigh S -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):969-72. doi: 10.1038/nature09335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/genetics/*physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Fathers ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Mothers ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Siblings
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    Darwin 200: Great expectations (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 20;456(7220):317-8. doi: 10.1038/456317a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anniversaries and Special Events ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Epidemiology/trends ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Mutagenesis ; Religion and Science ; Science/*trends ; Selection, Genetic
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    Cancer: Deconstructing oncogenesis (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luo, Ji -- Elledge, Stephen J -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 19;453(7198):995-6. doi: 10.1038/453995a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, p53/genetics ; Genes, ras/genetics ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Oncogenes/*genetics
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    Systems biology: Reverse engineering the cell (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-08-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ingolia, Nicholas T -- Weissman, Jonathan S -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1059-62. doi: 10.1038/4541059a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18756243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environment ; Galactose/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism/pharmacology ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/drug effects/*genetics ; Microfluidics ; Models, Biological ; Osmotic Pressure ; RNA Stability/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/classification/drug effects/*genetics/*metabolism ; Systems Biology
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    Preserving cell shape under environmental stress (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-26
    Description: Maintaining cell shape and tone is crucial for the function and survival of cells and tissues. Mechanotransduction relies on the transformation of minuscule mechanical forces into high-fidelity electrical responses. When mechanoreceptors are stimulated, mechanically sensitive cation channels open and produce an inward transduction current that depolarizes the cell. For this process to operate effectively, the transduction machinery has to retain integrity and remain unfailingly independent of environmental changes. This is particularly challenging for poikilothermic organisms, where changes in temperature in the environment may impact the function of mechanoreceptor neurons. Thus, we wondered how insects whose habitat might quickly vary over several tens of degrees of temperature manage to maintain highly effective mechanical senses. We screened for Drosophila mutants with defective mechanical responses at elevated ambient temperatures, and identified a gene, spam, whose role is to protect the mechanosensory organ from massive cellular deformation caused by heat-induced osmotic imbalance. Here we show that Spam protein forms an extracellular shield that guards mechanosensory neurons from environmental insult. Remarkably, heterologously expressed Spam protein also endowed other cells with superb defence against physically and chemically induced deformation. We studied the mechanical impact of Spam coating and show that spam-coated cells are up to ten times stiffer than uncoated controls. Together, these results help explain how poikilothermic organisms preserve the architecture of critical cells during environmental stress, and illustrate an elegant and simple solution to such challenge.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2387185/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2387185/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, Boaz -- Hardy, Robert W -- McConnaughey, William B -- Zuker, Charles S -- R01 EY006979/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY006979-18/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 20;452(7185):361-4. doi: 10.1038/nature06603. Epub 2008 Feb 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Neurobiology and Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0649, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18297055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Shape/*drug effects/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*cytology/drug effects/genetics/physiology ; Electrophysiology ; *Environment ; Eye Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Hot Temperature ; Humidity ; Mechanoreceptors/cytology/physiology ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/*drug effects/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Osmotic Pressure ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Stress, Mechanical
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    High-amplitude fluctuations and alternative dynamical states of midges in Lake Myvatn (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-03-07
    Description: Complex dynamics are often shown by simple ecological models and have been clearly demonstrated in laboratory and natural systems. Yet many classes of theoretically possible dynamics are still poorly documented in nature. Here we study long-term time-series data of a midge, Tanytarsus gracilentus (Diptera: Chironomidae), in Lake Myvatn, Iceland. The midge undergoes density fluctuations of almost six orders of magnitude. Rather than regular cycles, however, these fluctuations have irregular periods of 4-7 years, indicating complex dynamics. We fit three consumer-resource models capable of qualitatively distinct dynamics to the data. Of these, the best-fitting model shows alternative dynamical states in the absence of environmental variability; depending on the initial midge densities, the model shows either fluctuations around a fixed point or high-amplitude cycles. This explains the observed complex population dynamics: high-amplitude but irregular fluctuations occur because stochastic variability causes the dynamics to switch between domains of attraction to the alternative states. In the model, the amplitude of fluctuations depends strongly on minute resource subsidies into the midge habitat. These resource subsidies may be sensitive to human-caused changes in the hydrology of the lake, with human impacts such as dredging leading to higher-amplitude fluctuations. Tanytarsus gracilentus is a key component of the Myvatn ecosystem, representing two-thirds of the secondary productivity of the lake and providing vital food resources to fish and to breeding bird populations. Therefore the high-amplitude, irregular fluctuations in midge densities generated by alternative dynamical states dominate much of the ecology of the lake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ives, Anthony R -- Einarsson, Arni -- Jansen, Vincent A A -- Gardarsson, Arnthor -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):84-7. doi: 10.1038/nature06610.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. arives@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18322533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chironomidae/*physiology ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota/physiology ; Food ; *Fresh Water ; Iceland ; Models, Biological ; Population Density ; Stochastic Processes
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    Developmental biology: order in the lung (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-06-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2865228/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2865228/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warburton, David -- P01 HL060231/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL060231-09/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL044060/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL044977/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL044977-16/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):733-5. doi: 10.1038/453733a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18528385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Body Patterning/genetics/*physiology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 10/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lung/*anatomy & histology/*embryology/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Organogenesis/genetics/*physiology ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics/metabolism
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    The earliest thymic progenitors for T cells possess myeloid lineage potential (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-04-11
    Description: There exists controversy over the nature of haematopoietic progenitors of T cells. Most T cells develop in the thymus, but the lineage potential of thymus-colonizing progenitors is unknown. One approach to resolving this question is to determine the lineage potentials of the earliest thymic progenitors (ETPs). Previous work has shown that ETPs possess T and natural killer lymphoid potentials, and rare subsets of ETPs also possess B lymphoid potential, suggesting an origin from lymphoid-restricted progenitor cells. However, whether ETPs also possess myeloid potential is unknown. Here we show that nearly all ETPs in adult mice possess both T and myeloid potential in clonal assays. The existence of progenitors possessing T and myeloid potential within the thymus is incompatible with the current dominant model of haematopoiesis, in which T cells are proposed to arise from lymphoid-. Our results indicate that alternative models for lineage commitment during haematopoiesis must be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, J Jeremiah -- Bhandoola, Avinash -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 10;452(7188):764-7. doi: 10.1038/nature06840.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18401411" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells/cytology ; Female ; Granulocytes/cytology ; *Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Macrophages/cytology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myeloid Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Thymus Gland/*cytology
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    Oligopotent stem cells are distributed throughout the mammalian ocular surface (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-10-03
    Description: The integrity of the cornea, the most anterior part of the eye, is indispensable for vision. Forty-five million individuals worldwide are bilaterally blind and another 135 million have severely impaired vision in both eyes because of loss of corneal transparency; treatments range from local medications to corneal transplants, and more recently to stem cell therapy. The corneal epithelium is a squamous epithelium that is constantly renewing, with a vertical turnover of 7 to 14 days in many mammals. Identification of slow cycling cells (label-retaining cells) in the limbus of the mouse has led to the notion that the limbus is the niche for the stem cells responsible for the long-term renewal of the cornea; hence, the corneal epithelium is supposedly renewed by cells generated at and migrating from the limbus, in marked opposition to other squamous epithelia in which each resident stem cell has in charge a limited area of epithelium. Here we show that the corneal epithelium of the mouse can be serially transplanted, is self-maintained and contains oligopotent stem cells with the capacity to generate goblet cells if provided with a conjunctival environment. Furthermore, the entire ocular surface of the pig, including the cornea, contains oligopotent stem cells (holoclones) with the capacity to generate individual colonies of corneal and conjunctival cells. Therefore, the limbus is not the only niche for corneal stem cells and corneal renewal is not different from other squamous epithelia. We propose a model that unifies our observations with the literature and explains why the limbal region is enriched in stem cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Majo, Francois -- Rochat, Ariane -- Nicolas, Michael -- Jaoude, Georges Abou -- Barrandon, Yann -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 13;456(7219):250-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07406. Epub 2008 Oct 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne CH, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18830243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*cytology ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Child, Preschool ; Clone Cells ; Corneal Transplantation ; Epithelium, Corneal/*cytology/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Infant ; Keratinocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Models, Biological ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*cytology ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Swine
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    The adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination in a reptile (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-01-22
    Description: Understanding the mechanisms that determine an individual's sex remains a primary challenge for evolutionary biology. Chromosome-based systems (genotypic sex determination) that generate roughly equal numbers of sons and daughters accord with theory, but the adaptive significance of environmental sex determination (that is, when embryonic environmental conditions determine offspring sex, ESD) is a major unsolved problem. Theoretical models predict that selection should favour ESD over genotypic sex determination when the developmental environment differentially influences male versus female fitness (that is, the Charnov-Bull model), but empirical evidence for this hypothesis remains elusive in amniote vertebrates--the clade in which ESD is most prevalent. Here we provide the first substantial empirical support for this model by showing that incubation temperatures influence reproductive success of males differently than that of females in a short-lived lizard (Amphibolurus muricatus, Agamidae) with temperature-dependent sex determination. We incubated eggs at a variety of temperatures, and de-confounded sex and incubation temperature by using hormonal manipulations to embryos. We then raised lizards in field enclosures and quantified their lifetime reproductive success. Incubation temperature affected reproductive success differently in males versus females in exactly the way predicted by theory: the fitness of each sex was maximized by the incubation temperature that produces that sex. Our results provide unequivocal empirical support for the Charnov-Bull model for the adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination in amniote vertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warner, D A -- Shine, R -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 31;451(7178):566-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06519. Epub 2008 Jan 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. dwarner@iastate.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18204437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization/physiology ; Adaptation, Physiological/*physiology ; Animals ; Body Size ; Fadrozole/pharmacology ; Female ; Lizards/*embryology/*physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Ovum/drug effects/growth & development ; Reproduction/physiology ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Differentiation/*physiology ; *Temperature
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Chaos in a long-term experiment with a plankton community (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-15
    Description: Mathematical models predict that species interactions such as competition and predation can generate chaos. However, experimental demonstrations of chaos in ecology are scarce, and have been limited to simple laboratory systems with a short duration and artificial species combinations. Here, we present the first experimental demonstration of chaos in a long-term experiment with a complex food web. Our food web was isolated from the Baltic Sea, and consisted of bacteria, several phytoplankton species, herbivorous and predatory zooplankton species, and detritivores. The food web was cultured in a laboratory mesocosm, and sampled twice a week for more than 2,300 days. Despite constant external conditions, the species abundances showed striking fluctuations over several orders of magnitude. These fluctuations displayed a variety of different periodicities, which could be attributed to different species interactions in the food web. The population dynamics were characterized by positive Lyapunov exponents of similar magnitude for each species. Predictability was limited to a time horizon of 15-30 days, only slightly longer than the local weather forecast. Hence, our results demonstrate that species interactions in food webs can generate chaos. This implies that stability is not required for the persistence of complex food webs, and that the long-term prediction of species abundances can be fundamentally impossible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beninca, Elisa -- Huisman, Jef -- Heerkloss, Reinhard -- Johnk, Klaus D -- Branco, Pedro -- Van Nes, Egbert H -- Scheffer, Marten -- Ellner, Stephen P -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 14;451(7180):822-5. doi: 10.1038/nature06512.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18273017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/metabolism ; *Food Chain ; Models, Biological ; *Nonlinear Dynamics ; Oceans and Seas ; Plankton/*metabolism ; Population Dynamics ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Scaling of the BMP activation gradient in Xenopus embryos (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-06-27
    Description: In groundbreaking experiments, Hans Spemann demonstrated that the dorsal part of the amphibian embryo can generate a well-proportioned tadpole, and that a small group of dorsal cells, the 'organizer', can induce a complete and well-proportioned twinned axis when transplanted into a host embryo. Key to organizer function is the localized secretion of inhibitors of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which defines a graded BMP activation profile. Although the central proteins involved in shaping this gradient are well characterized, their integrated function, and in particular how pattern scales with size, is not understood. Here we present evidence that in Xenopus, the BMP activity gradient is defined by a 'shuttling-based' mechanism, whereby the BMP ligands are translocated ventrally through their association with the BMP inhibitor Chordin. This shuttling, with feedback repression of the BMP ligand Admp, offers a quantitative explanation to Spemann's observations, and accounts naturally for the scaling of embryo pattern with its size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ben-Zvi, Danny -- Shilo, Ben-Zion -- Fainsod, Abraham -- Barkai, Naama -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 26;453(7199):1205-11. doi: 10.1038/nature07059.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18580943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Patterning ; Body Size ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Ligands ; Models, Biological ; Protein Transport ; Xenopus/*embryology/genetics/metabolism ; Xenopus Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Microbiology: straight from the gut (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mandavilli, Apoorva -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):581-2. doi: 10.1038/453581a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Defensins/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Feces/*microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestines/*microbiology/*transplantation ; Models, Biological ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolutionary biology: a first for bats (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Speakman, John -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 14;451(7180):774-5. doi: 10.1038/451774a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18270540" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Cochlea/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Darkness ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Flight, Animal/*physiology ; Fossils ; Models, Biological ; Time Factors ; Wyoming
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Human behaviour: killer instincts (2008)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, Dan -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 31;451(7178):512-5. doi: 10.1038/451512a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18235473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Aggression/*physiology/psychology ; Altruism ; Anger/physiology ; Animals ; Antisocial Personality Disorder/physiopathology ; *Biological Evolution ; Conflict (Psychology) ; Female ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Medieval ; *Homicide/history/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Morals ; Pan troglodytes/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Sex Characteristics ; United Nations ; Violence/psychology ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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