Publication Date:
2002
Description:
The vertical seismic profile, acquired with an array of 3C receivers and
either a single source or several arranged in a multi-component configuration, provides
an ideal high fidelity calibration tool for seismic projects involved in the application
of seismic anisotropy. This book catalogues the majority of specialized tools necessary
to work with P-P, P-S and S-S data from such Vertical seismic profiling surveys at the
acquisition design, processing and interpretation stages. In particular, it discusses
3C, 4C, 6C and 9C Vertical seismic profiling, marine and land surveys with near and
multiple offsets (walkways), azimuths (walkarounds) or a combination of both. These are
considered for TIH or TIV flavours of seismic anisotropy arising from cracks, fractures,
sedimentary layering, and shales. The anisotropic adaptation of familiar seismic methods
for velocity analysis and inversion, reflected amplitude interpretation, are given
together with more multi-component specific algorithms based upon the principles
dictated by the vector convolutional model. Thus, multi-component methods are described
that provide tests and compensation for source or receiver vector fidelity, tool
rotation correction, layer stripping, near-surface correction, wavefield separation, and
the Alford rotation with its variants. The work will be of interest to geophysicists
involved in research or the application of seismic anisotropy using multi-component
seismic. CONTENTS 1. Introduction. 2. Anisotropic replacement media. 3. Fundamentals of
seismic anisotropy analysis. 4. Pre-requisites for near-offset Vertical seismic
profiling analysis. 5. Anisotropy analysis from near-offset Vertical seismic profiling I
- symmetry and uniformity. 6. Anisotropy analysis from far-offset Vertical seismic
profiling II - asymmetry and non-uniformity. 7. Multiple-offset Vertical seismic
profiling - kinematics. 8. Multiple-offset Vertical seismic profiling - dynamics. 9. The
road ahead. Appendix - shear-wave birefringence analysis.
Keywords:
Applied geophysics
;
Seismics (controlled source seismology)
;
Vertical seismic profiling
;
Anisotropy
;
Textbook of geophysics
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