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  • 04.08. Volcanology  (11)
  • 04. Solid Earth  (5)
  • 04.07. Tectonophysics  (3)
  • JSTOR Archive Collection Business II  (3)
  • Wiley  (13)
  • Wiley Agu  (8)
  • American Physical Society
  • 1
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    A review of the tectonic, volcanological and hazard history of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) (2024)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Vulcano is one of the seven volcanic islands composing the Aeolian Islands archipelago (Southern Italy), which also includes three other active volcanoes. The island was orig-inally a stratovolcano like Stromboli; afterwards, its shape turned towards a complex structure composed of several volcanic landforms of different sizes. This is due to the great variability of the tectonic and volcanic phenomena, presently showing a volcano made by two calderas, a lava dome complex and two small active cones. The largest of them is the tuff cone of La Fossa, hosted in the middle of a 3- km-wide caldera struc-ture (La Fossa caldera), whose borders are visible on the southern and western sides of the island. Its last eruption occurred in 1888–1890. At present, Vulcano is charac-terized by weak shallow seismicity and intense fumarolic activity mainly concentrated within the crater of the La Fossa cone and along its rims during a recent unrest phase started in 2021, and measured with a multiparametric monitoring network.
    Description: Published
    Description: 471-487
    Description: OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcaniche
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Aeolian Islands, Vulcano ; multihazard ; plumbing system ; unrest ; volcanic history ; stratigraphy ; tectonics ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 2
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    Coupled U–Pb and 40Ar/39Ar chronology of late‐stage intrusions at Elba Island (Italy) supports late Miocene long‐lived magma reservoirs in the Tyrrhenian upper crust (2024)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-12
    Description: The late Miocene Monte Capanne and Porto Azzurro plutons are investigated by means of coupled U-Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar white mica dating to test the occurrence of long-lived magmatic systems in the upper crust. Zircon crystallized for 〉 1 Myr in both plutonic systems, with supersolidus conditions overlapping for ~220 kyr indicating previously unrecognized co-existence of the two reservoirs. The development of the Porto Azzurro high T-aureole is post-dated by continuous igneous zircon crystallization until ~ 6.0 Ma. By linking crystallization to post-emplacement cooling of late-stage pulses in both western and eastern Elba we constrain long-lived sizeable reservoirs (possibly the same reservoir) in the Tyrrhenian upper crust between ~8 and 6 Ma.
    Description: In press
    Description: OST1 Alla ricerca dei Motori Geodinamici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 40Ar/39Ar white mica dating ; Elba Island ; long-lived magma reservoirs ; U–Pb zircon dating ; MioceneTyrrhenian crust ; upper crustal granites ; 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    A message from the ‘underground forge of the gods’: history and current eruptions at Mt Etna (2022)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-11
    Description: Mt Etna has made headlines over the last weeks and months with spectacular eruptions, some of them highly explosive. This type of paroxysmal eruptive behaviour is characteristic of Etna’s activity over the past few decades and so it is no surprise that Etna is among the most active volcanoes worldwide. Etna is well-known for its extraordinary geology and due to its repeated eruptive activity it provides a continuous supply of new scientific opportunities to understand the inner workings of large basaltic volcanic systems. In addition to its scientific value, Etna is also a world famous tourist attraction and has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2013 for its geological and cultural value and not least for its fine agricultural products. Etna’s status as an iconic volcano is not a recent phenomenon; in fact, Etna has been a literary fixture for at least 3000 years, giving rise to many ancient myths and legends that mark it as a special place, deserving of human respect. From the ancient eruptions to the latest events in February–April 2021, people try to explain and understand the processes that occur within and beneath the volcano. In this article, we briefly summarize the recent eruptive activity of Etna as well as the ancient myths and legends that surround this volcano, from the underground forge of Hephaestus to the adventures of Odysseus, all the way to the benefits and dangers the volcano provides to those living on its flanks today.
    Description: Published
    Description: 141-149
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Etna, mythology, 2021 paroxysms, economy ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Active Deformation and Relief Evolution in the Western Lurestan Region of the Zagros Mountain Belt: New Insights From Tectonic Geomorphology Analysis and Finite Element Modeling (2021)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-19
    Description: To unravel how and where coseismic and interseismic deformation impacts the spatial and temporal patterns of rock uplift of the Lurestan sector of the Zagros Mountains, we performed an investigation of the large‐scale features of topography and river network coupled with 2‐D finite element modeling. Geomorphological analysis and constraints from parameters such as elevation, local relief, normalized channel steepness index (ksn), river longitudinal profiles, and transformed river profiles (chi plots) were used to unravel the time‐space distribution of vertical motions. Whereas the much longer timescale over which topography grows and/or rivers respond to tectonic or climatic perturbations with respect to even multiple seismic cycles, the outputs of the finite element model yield fundamental information on the source of the late part of the spatiotemporal evolution of surface uplift recorded by the geomorphology. Model outputs shed new light into the processes controlling relief evolution in an actively growing mountain belt underlain by a major blind thrust. The outputs illustrate how coseismic slip controls localized uplift of a prominent topographic feature—the Mountain Front Flexure—located above the main upper crustal ramp of the principal basement thrust fault of the region, while continuous displacement along the deeper, aseismic portion of the same basement fault controls generalized uplift of the whole crustal block located farther to the NE, in the interior of the orogen.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006402
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Morphotectonic analysis ; Finite element modeling ; interseismic deformation ; coseismic deformation ; frontal topographic feature ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Reply to Comment by A. Argnani on “Geometry of the Deep Calabrian Subduction From Wide‐Angle Seismic Data and 3‐D Gravity Modeling” (2021)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-19
    Description: Reply to Argnani, A. (2020). Comment on“Geometry of the deep Calabriansubduction (Central MediterraneanSea) from wide-angle seismic data and3-D gravity modeling” by Dellong et al.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosyste ms,21, e2020GC009077, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009077
    Description: Andrea Argnani in his comment on Dellong et al. (2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gc008586) (Geometry of the deep Calabrian subduction (Central Mediterranean Sea) from wide‐angle seismic data and 3‐D gravity modeling) proposes an alternate interpretation of the wide‐angle seismic velocity models presented by Dellong et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015312) and Dellong et al. (2020) and proposes a correction of the literature citations in these paper. In this reply, we discuss in detail all points raised by Andrea Argnani.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020GC009223
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Radon Activity in Volcanic Gases of Mt. Etna by Passive Dosimetry (2021)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: Radon (222Rn) activity in air was measured for about 6 months at the summit of Mt. Etna Central Crater (Sicily) by integrative radon dosimetry at two different heights above ground level (5 cm and 1 m). This technique for air radon monitoring proved operational in the harsh volcanic environment of Mt. Etna summit with a 94% recovery rate of dosimeters. In the southeast sector exposed to the main gas plume, mean radon activity in free air (height 1 m) is significantly higher than the local background and the ground level activity (height 5 cm). The results strongly suggest that the plume is enriched in radon by ≈550 Bq/m3, which has never been evidenced before. Radon activities also reflect soil degassing occurring in the proximity of the crater, with increased ground level activities in zones of enhanced soil fracturing and degassing. Radon measurements also revealed a hot spot in front of the Voragine vent with extraordinary high levels of air activities (26 kBq/m3 at ground level and 8 kBq/m3 in free air). The temporal variation of radon activity was investigated by replacing a few stations half way through the exposure period. The only significant increase was associated with the site located under the main gas plume and correlated with eruptive unrest within the crater. Finally, air radon levels higher than the recommended threshold of 300 Bq/m3 were detected in several zones on the rim and could generate a nonnegligible radiologic dose for workers on the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2019JB019149
    Description: 3V. Proprietà chimico-fisiche dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 7
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    Combined Seismic and Geodetic Analysis Before, During, and After the 2018 Mount Etna Eruption (2021)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-05
    Description: In December 2018, Etna volcano experienced one of the largest episodes of unrest since the installation of geophysical monitoring networks in 1970. The unrest culminated in a short eruption with a small volume of lava erupted, a significant seismic crisis and deformation of the entire volcanic edifice of magnitude never recorded before at Mount Etna. Here we describe the evolution of the 2018 eruptive cycle from the analysis of seismic and geodetic data collected in the months preceding, during, and following the intrusion. We model the space‐time evolution of high‐rate deformation data starting from the active source previously identified from deformation data and the propagation of seismicity in a 3‐D velocity model. The intrusion model suggests emplacement of two dikes: a smaller dike located beneath the eruptive fissure and a second, deeper dike between 1 and 5 kmbelow sea level that opened ~2 m. The rise and eruption of magma from the shallower dike did not interrupt the pressurization of a long‐lasting deeper reservoir (~6 km) that induced continuous inflation and intense deformation of the eastern flank. Shortly after the intrusion, on 26 December 2018, aML4.8 earthquake occurred near Pisano, destroying buildings and roads in two villages. We propose a time‐dependent intrusion model that supports the hypothesis of the inflation inducing flank deformation and that this process has been active since September 2018.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020GC009218
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 2018 Mount Etna Eruption, time‐dependent intrusion model, modelling of high‐rate deformations ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    New Applications in Gas Geochemistry (2021)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2021-02-03
    Description: Gases present in the Earth crust are important in various branches of human activities. Hydrocarbons are a significant energy resource, helium is applied in many high-tech instruments, and studies of crustal gas dynamics provide insight in the geodynamic processes and help monitor seismic and volcanic hazards. Quantitative analysis of methane and CO2 migration is important for climate change studies. Some of them are toxic (H2S, CO2, CO); radon is responsible for the major part of human radiation dose. The development of analytical techniques in gas geochemistry creates opportunities of applying this science in numerous fields. Noble gases, hydrocarbons, CO2, N2, H2, CO, and Hg vapor are measured by advanced methods in various environments and matrices including fluid inclusions. Following the “Geochemical Applications of Noble Gases”(2009), “Frontiers in Gas Geochemistry” (2013), and “Progress in the Application of Gas Geochemistry to Geothermal, Tectonic and Magmatic Studies” (2017) published as special issues of Chemical Geology and “Gas geochemistry: From conventional to unconventional domains” (2018) published as a special issue of Marine and Petroleum Geology, this volume continues the tradition of publishing papers reflecting the diversity in scope and application of gas geochemistry.
    Description: Published
    Description: 976190
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geochemistry ; Atmosphere ; 03. Hydrosphere ; 04. Solid Earth
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  • 9
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    Syn‐Orogenic Exhumation of High‐P Units by Upward Extrusion in an Accretionary Wedge: Insights From the Eastern Elba Nappe Stack (Northern Apennines, Italy) (2021)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-15
    Description: The E-vergent Northern Apennines formed by Oligocene-Miocene convergence and westward subduction of Adria beneath Europe. Extension ensued in the Mid-Late Miocene reflecting lower plate roll-back and causing opening of the back-arc Northern Tyrrhenian Sea. Post-orogenic extension is commonly advocated as the main driver of the exhumation of the belt's inner domain highpressure/ low-temperature (HP-LT) rock units. The Acquadolce Subunit of the Eastern Elba nappe stack contains HP-LT rocks recording peak blueschist conditions of 1.5–1.8 GPa at 320°C–370°C loosely dated to the Oligocene-Early Miocene. It is sandwiched by two Late Miocene, out-of-sequence top-to-the E thrusts between Jurassic LP serpentinites on top and HT–LP contact metamorphosed marbles at its base. We document widespread W-verging ductile asymmetries within the Acquadolce Subunit, which correspond to top-to-the W extensional shearing for the nappe stack current orientation. This allowed for early syn-orogenic exhumation from blueschist- to greenschist-facies conditions, wherein coeval W-directed extension at the top of the exhuming units acted synchronously with E-directed thrusting at their base causing exhumation by extrusion in an overall contractional setting. The basal, E-vergent thrusting is, however, challenging to document as the wedge has since been reworked by Late Miocene, E-verging compressive tectonics, contact metamorphism, and later extension, obliterating much of the evidence supporting exhumation by extrusion during the early stages of wedge build-up. Syn-orogenic exhumation by extrusion from deep structural levels within the orogenic wedge is a viable mechanism to account for other exhumed HP-LT units in the inner part of the belt.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006348
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Syn-orogenic extrusion is proposed as a viable mechanism for the exhumation of HP-LT rock units of the Northern Apennines; • The Acquadolce Subunit of the Eastern Elba nappe stack was exhumed by upward extrusion within an actively shortening orogenic wedge; • Middle Miocene extension shaped the upper Northern Apennines orogenic wedge but did not contribute to the early exhumation of HP rocks. ; 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Integrated on‐land‐offshore stratigraphy of the Campi Flegrei caldera: new insights into the volcano‐tectonic evolution in the last 15 kyr (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-22
    Description: Silicic calderas are volcanic systems whose unrest evolution is more unpredictable than other volcano types because they often do not culminate in an eruption. Their complex structure strongly influences the post-collapse volcano-tectonic evolution, usually coupling volcanism and ground deformation. Among such volcanoes, the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy) is one of the most studied. Significant long- and short-term ground deformations characterize this restless volcano. Several studies performed on the marinecontinental succession exposed in the central sector of the Campi Flegrei caldera provided a reconstruction of ground deformation during the last 15 kyr. However, considering that over one-third of the caldera is presently submerged beneath the Pozzuoli Gulf, a comprehensive stratigraphic on-land-offshore framework is still lacking. This study aims at reconstructing the offshore succession through analysis of high-resolution single and multichannel reflection seismic profiles and correlates the resulting seismic stratigraphic framework with the stratigraphy reconstructed on-land. Results provide new clues on the causative relations between the intra-caldera marine and volcaniclastic sedimentation and the alternating phases of marine transgressions and regressions originated by the interplay between ground deformation and sea-level rise. The volcano-tectonic reconstruction, provided in this work, connects the major caldera floor movements to the large Plinian eruptions of Pomici Principali (12 ka) and Agnano Monte Spina (4.55 ka), with the onset of the first post-caldera doming at ~10.5 ka. We emphasize that ground deformation is usually coupled with volcanic activity, which shows a self-similar pattern, regardless of its scale. Thus, characterizing the long-term deformation history becomes of particular interest and relevance for hazard assessment and definition of future unrest scenarios.
    Description: Published
    Description: 855-882
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: offshore stratigraphy ; seismic units ; La Starza succession ; volcanism, ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    Effusion Rate Evolution During Small‐Volume Basaltic Eruptions: Insights From Numerical Modeling (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: The temporal evolution of effusion rate is the main controlling factor of lava spreading and emplacement conditions. Therefore, it represents the most relevant parameter for characterizing the dynamics of effusive eruptions and thus for assessing the volcanic hazard associated with this type of volcanism. Since the effusion rate curves can provide important insights into the properties of the magma feeding system, several efforts have been performed for their classification and interpretation. Here, a recently published numerical model is employed for studying the effects of magma source and feeding dike properties on the main characteristics (e.g., duration, erupted mass, and effusion rate trend) of small‐volume effusive eruptions, in the absence of syn‐eruptive magma injection from deeper storages. We show that the total erupted mass is mainly controlled by magma reservoir conditions (i.e., dimensions and overpressure) prior to the eruption, whereas conduit processes along with reservoir properties can significantly affect mean effusion rate, and thus, they dramatically influence eruption duration. Simulations reproduce a wide variety of effusion rate trends, whose occurrence is controlled by the complex competition between conduit enlargement and overpressure decrease due to magma withdrawal. These effusion rate curves were classified in four groups, which were associated with the different types described in the literature. Results agree with the traditional explanation of effusion rate curves and provide new insights for interpreting them, highlighting the importance of magma reservoir size, initial overpressure, and initial width of the feeding dike in controlling the nature of the resulting effusion rate curve.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2019JB01930
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: effusive eruption ; basaltic eruptions ; numerical modeling ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
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    Tree‐Branching‐Based Enhancement of Kinetic Energy Models for Reproducing Channelization Processes of Pyroclastic Density Currents (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: Kinetic energy models, also called kinetic models, are simple tools able to provide a fast estimate of the inundation area of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). They are based on the calculation of the PDC front kinetic energy as a function of the distance from a source point. On a three‐dimensional topography, the PDC runout distance is estimated by comparing the flow kinetic energy with the potential energy associated with the topographic obstacles encountered by the PDC. Since kinetic models do not consider the occurrence of channelization processes, the modeled inundation areas can be significantly different from those observed in real deposits. To address this point, we present a new strategy that allows improving kinetic models by considering flow channelization processes, and consists in the inclusion of secondary source points in the expected channelization zones, adopting a tree branch‐like structure. This strategy is based on the redistribution of a key physical variable, such as the flow energy or mass depending on the considered kinetic model, and requires the adoption of appropriate equations for setting the characteristics of the secondary sources. Two models were modified by applying this strategy: the energy cone and the box model. We tested these branching models by comparing their results with those derived from their traditional formulations and from a two‐dimensional depth‐averaged model, considering two specific volcanoes (Chaitén and Citlaltépetl). Thereby, we show the capability of this strategy of improving the accuracy of kinetic models and considering flow channelization processes without including additional, unconstrained input parameters.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2019JB019271
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Pyroclastic Density Currents ; Numerical Modeling ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 13
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    Quantifying the Uncertainty of a Coupled Plume and Tephra Dispersal Model: PLUME‐MOM/HYSPLIT Simulations Applied to Andean Volcanoes (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Numerical modeling of tephra dispersal and deposition is essential for evaluation of volcanic hazards. Many models consider reasonable physical approximations in order to reduce computational times, but this may introduce a certain degree of uncertainty in the simulation outputs. The important step of uncertainty quantification is dealt in this paper with respect to a coupled version of a plume model (PLUME‐MoM) and a tephra dispersal model (HYSPLIT). The performances of this model are evaluated through simulations of four past eruptions of different magnitudes and styles from three Andean volcanoes, and the uncertainty is quantified by evaluating the differences between modeled and observed data of plume height (at different time steps above the vent) as well as mass loading and grain size at given stratigraphic sections. Different meteorological data sets were also tested and had a sensible influence on the model outputs. Other results highlight that the model tends to underestimate plume heights while overestimating mass loading values, especially for higher‐magnitude eruptions. Moreover, the advective part of HYSPLIT seems to work more efficiently than the diffusive part. Finally, though the coupled PLUME‐MoM/HYSPLIT model generally is less efficient in reproducing deposit grain sizes, we propose that it may be used for hazard map production for higher‐magnitude eruptions (sub‐Plinian or Plinian) for what concern mass loading.
    Description: This research was financed by the French government IDEX‐ISITE initiative 16‐IDEX‐0001 (CAP 20‐25), the Institute de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) in the context of the Laboratoire Mixte International “Séismes et Volcans dans les Andes du Nord” (SVAN), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Tellus programme.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2019JB018390
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Tephra deposit ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 14
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    Active Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS) (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-08
    Description: The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.
    Description: Italian Ministry for Education, University, and Research (MIUR), Premiale 2014 D. M. 291 03/05/2016.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006116
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: active tectonics ; apulia ; south apulia fault system ; 1743 earthquake ; marine geology ; stable continental region ; ionian sea ; active faults ; subsurface geology ; seismic interpretation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    On the Propagation Path of Magma‐Filled Dikes and Hydrofractures: The Competition Between External Stress, Internal Pressure, and Crack Length (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-09
    Description: Mixed‐mode fluid‐filled cracks represent a common means of fluid transport within the Earth's crust. They often show complex propagation paths which may be due to interaction with crustal heterogeneities or heterogeneous crustal stress. Previous experimental and numerical studies focus on the interplay between fluid over-pressure and external stress but neglect the effect of other crack parameters. In this study, we address the role of crack length on the propagation paths in the presence of an external heterogeneous stress field. We make use of numerical simulations of magmatic dike and hydrofracture propagation, carried out using a two‐dimensional boundary element model, and analogue experiments of air‐filled crack propagation into a transparent gelatin block. We use a 3‐D finite element model to compute the stress field acting within the gelatin block and perform a quantitative comparison between 2‐D numerical simulations and experiments. We show that, given the same ratio between external stress and fluid pressure, longer fluid‐filled cracks are less sensitive to the background stress, and we quantify this effect on fluid‐filled crack paths. Combining the magnitude of the external stress, the fluid pressure, and the crack length, we define a new parameter, which characterizes two end member scenarios for the propagation path of a fluid‐filled fracture. Our results have important implications for volcanological studies which aim to address the problem of complex trajectories of magmatic dikes (i.e., to forecast scenarios of new vents opening at volcanoes) but also have implications for studies that address the growth and propagation of natural and induced hydrofractures.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2064–2081
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Magmatic dykes ; hydrofractures ; Numerical symulations ; Analogue experiments ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.05. Mathematical geophysics
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  • 16
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    Development and decline of the ancient Harbor of Neapolis (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Archaeological exavations,undertaken since 2004 for the construction of the new Naples subway
    Description: Published
    Description: 542-557
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: A.D.79 eruption ; compositional data analysis ; geoarchaeology ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 17
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    New insights into fault activation and stress transfer between en echelon thrusts: The 2012 Emilia, Northern Italy, earthquake sequence (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-17
    Description: Here we present the results of the inversion of a new geodetic data set covering the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence and the following 1 year of postseismic deformation. Modeling of the geodetic data together with the use of a catalog of 3-D relocated aftershocks allows us to constrain the rupture geometries and the coseismic and postseismic slip distributions for the two main events (Mw 6.1 and 6.0) of the sequence and to explore how these thrust events have interacted with each other. Dislocation modeling reveals that the first event ruptured a slip patch located in the center of the Middle Ferrara thrust with up to 1 m of reverse slip. The modeling of the second event, located about 15 km to the southwest, indicates a main patch with up to 60 cm of slip initiated in the deeper and flatter portion of the Mirandola thrust and progressively propagated postseismically toward the top section of the rupture plane, where most of the aftershocks and afterslip occurred. Our results also indicate that between the two main events, a third thrust segment was activated releasing a pulse of aseismic slip equivalent to a Mw 5.8 event. Coulomb stress changes suggest that the aseismic event was likely triggered by the preceding main shock and that the aseismic slip event probably brought the second fault closer to failure. Our findings show significant correlations between static stress changes and seismicity and suggest that stress interaction between earthquakes plays a significant role among continental en echelon thrusts.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4742–4766
    Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2T. Sorgente Sismica
    Description: 3T. Storia Sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: continental tectonics ; source geometry ; geodetic modeling ; coulomb stress ; 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 18
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    Radon Tells Unexpected Tales of Mount Etna’s Unrest (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: Some researchers view radon emissions as a precursor to earthquakes, especially those of high magnitude [e.g., Wang et al., 2014; Lombardi and Voltattorni, 2010], but the debate in the scientific community about the applicability of the gas to surveillance systems remains open. Yet radon “works” at Italy’s Mount Etna, one of the world’s most active volcanoes, although not specifically as a precursor to earthquakes. In a broader sense, this naturally radioactive gas from the decay of uranium in the soil, which has been analyzed at Etna in the past few years, acts as a tracer of eruptive activity and also, in some cases, of seismic–tectonic phenomena. To deepen the understanding of tectonic and eruptive phenomena at Etna, scientists analyzed radon escaping from the ground and compared those data with measurements gathered continuously by instrumental networks on the volcano. Here Etna is a boon to scientists—it’s traced by roads, making it easy to access for scientific observation. Dense monitoring networks, managed by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Catania–Osservatorio Etneo (INGV-OE), have been continuously observing the volcano for more than 40 years. This continuous dense monitoring made the volcano the perfect open-air laboratory for deciphering how eruptive activity may influence radon emissions.
    Description: This work was supported by the Mediterranean Supersite Volcanoes (MED-SUV) project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development, and demonstration under grant agreement 308665.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Radon ; seismic activity ; Etna ; volcanic activity ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 19
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    Financial Management (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    Wiley | Financial Management Association International | JSTOR
    Online: 1(1).1972 – (older than 4 years)
    Details
    Publisher: Wiley , Financial Management Association International , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 0046-3892
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-053X
    Topics: Economics
    Keywords: JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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  • 20
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    Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy
    Wiley | JSTOR | formerly Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Online: 10(1).1988 –
    Details
    Formerly as: Illinois Agricultural Economics; North Central Journal of Agricultural Economics; Review of Agricultural Economics  (1961–2009)
    Publisher: Wiley , JSTOR , formerly Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Print ISSN: 0191-9016 , 1058-7195 , 2040-5790
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-9353 , 2040-5804
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Keywords: JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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  • 21
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    Scandinavian Journal of Economics, The (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    Wiley | JSTOR
    Online: 78.1976 – (older than 6 years)
    Details
    Publisher: Wiley , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 0347-0520
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-9442
    Topics: Economics
    Keywords: JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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